FRIDAY WARM-UP

Put your objective into your notebook.

Let’s look at your warm-up and analyze some data!

Boston Tea Party

-Tax on tea still remain in effect

- Tea Acts, 1767 (Britain lets East India Company sell tea to colonists without tax)

-Monopoly on tea given to British company

-Dec. 1773 colonists raided Boston harbor and threw the tea overboard and burned the ships (Boston Tea Party)

“In about three hours…we had thus broken and thrown overboard every tea

chest to be found in the ship, while those in the other ships were disposing of the tea in the same way.” George Hewes,

1773

Intolerable Acts

-Parliament passes Coercive Acts in reaction (1773)

King George III tightens control over Massachusetts and places Boston under martial law

-Colonist call it the Intolerable Acts

-closed Boston Harbor

-suspended basic civil rights

-housed troops in peoples’ homes

-Committees of Correspondence

First Continental Congress

(September 1774)-Committees of Correspondence had been communicating with other colonies

-Militias begin to form -minutemen

-After Intolerable Acts they call for a meeting

-Late 1774 first meeting held in Philadelphia - Appealed directly to King George for more rights (Declaration of Rights and Grievances) - King refuses and sends more troops to Massachusetts - Reject Intolerable Acts and renew boycotts (Suffolk Resolves) - discussed rights of colonies -agreed to meet again in one year

Patrick Henry’s Treasonous Speech

Delivered Before Virginia House of Burgesses

March 1775

“If we wish to be free—if we mean to preserve those

privileges for which we have been fighting so long—if we do not mean to abandon the noble struggle in which we

have so long been engaged—we must fight! I repeat it, we

must fight! An appeal to weapons and to God is all that

is left us… Is life so dear, or peace so

sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and

slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for

me, give me liberty or give me death!”

Lexington and Concord

-April 1775

-British try to seize weapons stored in Concord

-Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott warn colonists

-Minutemen met British at Lexington

-Shots fired and colonists killed (8 Colonists and 1 British) - Colonists retreat

-Colonist conduct guerilla battle along road to Concord (250 British and 95 Colonial casualties)

“All the hills on each side of us were covered with rebels…so that they kept the road

always lined and a very hot fire on us without intermission…”

British Soldier, April 1775

Paul Revere's Ride

By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Listen my children and you shall hearOf the midnight ride of Paul Revere,On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five;Hardly a man is now aliveWho remembers that famous day and year.

He said to his friend, "If the British marchBy land or sea from the town to-night,Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry archOf the North Church tower as a signal light,--One if by land, and two if by sea;And I on the opposite shore will be,Ready to ride and spread the alarmThrough every Middlesex village and farm,For the country folk to be up and to arm."

The Battle of Concord

Second Continental Congress

-May 1775 Leader: John Hancock Representatives: Men with power Most not ready to break with Britain

-Called for an army and appointed Washington as leader Commanded Continental Army

Problems: Bad Sanitation Untrained Troops Drunkenness No respect for superiors

-Some talk of compromise and some of independence

Discipline is the soul of an army. It makes small numbers formidable; procures

success to the weak, and esteem to all.

George Washington, 1759

Bunker Hill

-June 1775

-Colonist take hill overlooking Boston (Breed’s Hill)

-British charge the hill 3 times until colonists run out of ammo

-Lots of casualties - Deadliest/Bloodiest Battle

(226 British dead, 800 wounded) (140 Americans dead, 271 wounded)

-Proves the intentions of the colonists

“It was a dear bought victory; another such

would have ruined us.”

British Officer

The Battle of Bunker Hill

The first military engagements of the American Revolution took place in the spring of 1775 in the countryside surrounding Boston.

Olive Branch Petition

-July 1775

-Second Congress sent King George a petition to return to the peace of the past - Pledged loyalty to the crown

-He refuses the petition and urges the rebellion put down - Prohibitory Acts declare colonies in a state of rebellion

King George III Rejects Olive Branch

Common Sense

-Many colonists had loyalties that were strong to Britain

-Loyalists

-Patriots

-Common Sense -written by Thomas Paine

-Jan. 1776

-urges independence for the colonies

-Said it was contrary to common sense to have a large continent ruled by a small and distant land

“Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for

separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of

nature cries, ‘Tis time to part.”

Thomas Paine

Declaration of Independence

-June 1776 Congress was debating Independence Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) Makes motion for independence

- All colonies voted in favor, with NY abstaining

-Committee appointed to begin work on formal document

-Meant to explain the reasons for independence

-Mostly written by Thomas Jefferson

-Congress edited the final draft

-Issued July 4, 1776

“…these United Colonies are, and of

right ought to be free and independent

States.” Richard Henry Lee

June 7, 1776

Signing of the Declaration of Independence

"We must, indeed, all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately."

-Benjamin Franklin just before signingthe Declaration of Independence, 1776.

Concepts in Declaration

-Jefferson took ideas from many Enlightenment thinkers

-Natural Rights and Social Contract from John Locke

-All men are created equal

-Listed specific reasons for our independence

Four Main Parts:1. Preamble (Purpose)2. Statement of Rights

- Government power comes from people

- Peal have right to alter government

3. List of Grievances4. Resolution of

Independence

We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are

endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure

these rights governments are instituted among men,

deriving their just powers from the consent of the

governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to

alter or to abolish it.”

Choosing Sides

-Loyalists Those who remained loyal to the King and the British often called Tories - Number: 60,000 - Mainly from South

-Patriots Those who supported the move for independence risked everything because they could be hung as traitors - Mostly from New England and Virginia - Short on Supplies, Poorly Equipped, and Rarely Paid

-Undecided As many as a third of the colonists were undecided as to whether independence or remaining part of England was the best decision