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System Analysis forSystem Analysis for

2010, Build 12010, Build 1

[email protected]@me.comhttp://public.me.com/cwang001http://public.me.com/cwang001

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Mind mapMind map

Game SystemGame System

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Why System Analysis (1/2)Why System Analysis (1/2)

For Program StructureFor Program Structure Analysis (Analysis ()) Program modulusProgram modulus

Tools neededTools needed

To Identify Work Load (To Identify Work Load ()) ow muc co e o e oneow muc co e o e one

What tools to be developed ?What tools to be developed ?

Man month ? (Man month ? ()) How many programmers ?How many programmers ?

Development tools ?Development tools ?

Specific requirements ?Specific requirements ?

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Why System Analysis (2/2)Why System Analysis (2/2)

To Analyze Technical ImplementTo Analyze Technical Implement PossibilityPossibility

R&DR&D

WorkWork--flowflow rere--processor orprocessor or

Game / technical design document (GDD/TDD)Game / technical design document (GDD/TDD)

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Something about System AnalysisSomething about System Analysis

Its Not a Theory, Just Something Must Be Done!Its Not a Theory, Just Something Must Be Done!

Po ular Solutions :Po ular Solutions :

UMLUML

Mind map (Mind map ()) This is the one we will use for this courseThis is the one we will use for this course

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System Analysis StepsSystem Analysis Steps

Integration (Integration ()) De endenc Anal sisDe endenc Anal sis

Create the Project (Create the Project ()) Write the Design Document (Write the Design Document ())

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BrainstormingBrainstorming

Mind mapMind map

Based on the Game Design to Put Everything in Structure As Many AsBased on the Game Design to Put Everything in Structure As Many As

You CanYou Can

IncludingIncluding

Combat / Village / Puzzle / Combat / Village / Puzzle /

Pro ram modulusPro ram modulus

Camera / PC control / NPC AI / UI / FX /Camera / PC control / NPC AI / UI / FX / ToolsTools

Level editor / Scene editor / Level editor / Scene editor /

Entities in gamesEntities in games

Technical hiTechnical hi--lightslights

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IntegrationIntegration

Technical Implement PossibilityTechnical Implement Possibility

Connect All Related Items TogetherConnect All Related Items Together

Remove Redundant ItemsRemove Redundant Items

Jobs / System IdentificationJobs / System Identification an on na ys san on na ys s

BudgetsBudgets

Who ?Who ?

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Dependency AnalysisDependency Analysis

By dependencyBy dependency

By human resourceBy human resource

Prototype for schedulingPrototype for scheduling

The Step That Always Is Ignored by EveryoneThe Step That Always Is Ignored by Everyone o ng goo w ma e e sc e u e prac cao ng goo w ma e e sc e u e prac ca

Reduce unnecessary risksReduce unnecessary risks

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Create the ProjectCreate the Project

Job Assignment (Job Assignment ()) Resource Allocation (Resource Allocation ()) Check pointsCheck points

MilestonesMilestones s anagemen o cys anagemen o cy

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Writing Design DocumentWriting Design Document

Game design documentGame design document

MDDMDD

Media design documentMedia design document

TDDTDD

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Mind mapMind map

A Radiant Thinking ToolA Radiant Thinking Tool

ApplicationsApplications

Proposal (Proposal (

))

System AnalysisSystem Analysis

ReferenceReference

Pro ramPro ram

VisioVisio

MindManagerMindManager

Tony Buzan, Barry Buzan, Tony Buzan, Barry Buzan, The Mind Map Book: How toThe Mind Map Book: How toUse Radiant Thinking to Maximize Your Brain'sUse Radiant Thinking to Maximize Your Brain'sUntapped PotentialUntapped Potential

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Mindmap ToolsMindmap Tools

Developed ByDeveloped By MindJetMindJet

MindMana erMindMana er DemoDemo

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Game SystemsGame Systems

Control & camera systemControl & camera system

Combat systemCombat system

Reward systemReward system

Game FXsGame FXs eve seve s

Village systemVillage system

The main programThe main program

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Game Control System (1/2)Game Control System (1/2)

..

Game control is not only input device control but also the cameraGame control is not only input device control but also the camera

controlcontrol

Input device controlInput device control

On PCOn PC

KeyboardKeyboard

Game adGame ad

On game consoleOn game console Gamepad buttonsGamepad buttons

0 or 2550 or 255

JoystickJoystick

--

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Game Control System (2/2)Game Control System (2/2)

FirstFirst--personal viewpersonal view

ThirdThird--personal viewpersonal view

God viewGod view

PrePre--set camera viewset camera view cc

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Mouse Control (1/3)Mouse Control (1/3)

..

22--axis movingaxis moving

Related movementRelated movement

2 or 3 buttons2 or 3 buttons

Mouse can :Mouse can : oveove

DragDrag

--

BehaviorsBehaviors

Hit testHit test

SelectionSelection

PilotPilot

os on or en a onos on or en a on

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RealReal--time strategy gamestime strategy games

Role Playing GameRole Playing Game

Typical game play examples :Typical game play examples :

Path finding for playable characterPath finding for playable character ng e enemyng e enemy

Selecting a group of unitsSelecting a group of units

Menu selectionMenu selection

FeaturesFeatures

Always coupling with godAlways coupling with god--view camera controlview camera control

ew ng rom e op o game worew ng rom e op o game wor

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Slow actionSlow action

Compared with joystickCompared with joystick

Value range fromValue range from --32727 ~ 3272732727 ~ 32727

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Keyboard Control (1/3)Keyboard Control (1/3)

an ar npu ev cean ar npu ev ce Simulating the gamepadsSimulating the gamepads

Using keyboard as the alternative deviceUsing keyboard as the alternative device

Hotkey systemHotkey system Each key has two states.Each key has two states.

PressedPressed

e easee ease

256 keys256 keys

BehaviorsBehaviors

Key presses/releasedKey presses/released

ASCII codeASCII code One hotkey can represent a set of commandsOne hotkey can represent a set of commands

Very fast input deviceVery fast input device

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Typing messagesTyping messages

Typical game types using keyboardTypical game types using keyboard

MMORPGMMORPG

Needs chatting with friendsNeeds chatting with friends eaea -- me s ra egy gamesme s ra egy games

Hotkey systemHotkey system

--

Fighting gamesFighting games

Typical game play examples :Typical game play examples :

ChattingChatting

Character controlsCharacter controls

ove orwarove orwar

TurningTurning

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Shortcut for a sequence of actionsShortcut for a sequence of actions

CommandsCommands

Menu selectionMenu selection

But a little bit complicated for playersBut a little bit complicated for players eyseys

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Gamepad Control (1/3)Gamepad Control (1/3)

Gamepad can map to the hotkey systemGamepad can map to the hotkey system

Same behaviorsSame behaviors

ess an eysess an eys

Majors keys :Majors keys :

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For buttonsFor buttons

Value range : 0 or 255Value range : 0 or 255

For joystickFor joystick

Value range : 0 to 255Value range : 0 to 255 yp ca game ypes us ng gamepayp ca game ypes us ng gamepa

Almost all types of games exceptAlmost all types of games except

Need largeNeed large--range selection for game unitsrange selection for game units Typical game play examples :Typical game play examples :

Character controlsCharacter controls

Move forwardMove forward

urnurn

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Move forwardMove forward

TurnTurn

FeaturesFeatures es gne or game p ay nges gne or game p ay ng

Look and feelLook and feel

--

If you not to challenge the players usual practiceIf you not to challenge the players usual practice

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Camera ControlCamera Control

FirstFirst--personal viewpersonal view

ThirdThird--personal view but following the playable characterpersonal view but following the playable character

God viewGod view

FixedFixed o ow ng e p aya e c arac ero ow ng e p aya e c arac er

Fixed viewFixed view

--

PrePre--set viewset view

Very sensitive to game play design & game controlVery sensitive to game play design & game control

Camera control is not an independent systemCamera control is not an independent system

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G dG d i C E li C E l

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GodGod--view Camera Exampleview Camera Example

Age of Empire 328

C b t S t (1/4)C b t S t (1/4)

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Combat System (1/4)Combat System (1/4)

Take the action game as our exampleTake the action game as our example

ControlsControls

AttackAttack

StunStun e ene en

ParryParry

Motion management and blendingMotion management and blending NPC AINPC AI

FXFX

VisualVisual

u ou o

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C b t S t (2/4)C b t S t (2/4)

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C b t S t (3/4)C b t S t (3/4)

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Motion blending in runtimeMotion blending in runtime

A popular solutionA popular solution -- Blend treeBlend tree

GGameame DevelopersDevelopers Conference 2003Conference 2003

PProceedingsroceedings CD, Programming TrackCD, Programming Track n mat onn mat on en ng : c ev ng nverse nemat cs an oreen ng : c ev ng nverse nemat cs an ore

JJerryerry EdsallEdsall

Fall Transition

Forward

Motion

Fall

Down

un

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Finite state machineFinite state machine

Making decisionMaking decision

Steering behaviorSteering behavior

Steering controlSteering control roup movementroup movement

Path findingPath finding

FXFX Combat FXCombat FX

A game without FX is likely a man walking on street in nude.A game without FX is likely a man walking on street in nude.

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Reward SystemReward System

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Reward SystemReward System

Level upLevel up

Experience pointsExperience points

InventoryInventory

RecoveryRecovery amageamage

Mission completeMission complete

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User InterfaceUser Interface

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User InterfaceUser Interface

DialogueDialogue

PicturesPictures

MiniMini--mapmap

Blood barBlood bar apt onapt on

MessagesMessages

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Village SystemVillage System

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Village SystemVillage System

Script queryScript query

Information exchangeInformation exchange

TradingTrading

ReinforceReinforce estest

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Cheat Code SystemCheat Code System

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Cheat Code SystemCheat Code System

Jump levelJump level

Number system testingNumber system testing

Barrow inventoryBarrow inventory

Game house keepingGame house keeping ame ata e t ngame ata e t ng

DebuggingDebugging

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Documents

game10_03sys