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Games FundamentalsIntroduction
Jarek FrancikKingston University
2 February 2007
1 February 2008
6 February 2009
5 February 2010
4 February 2011
Outline…
Facts Games Fundamentals – what is it about? Why not Flash? Why C++? Why Mathematics? Why Physics? Outline Helicopter
Facts
Dr Jaroslaw (Jarek) Francik – [email protected]: SB 318office hours: Thu 2 – 3, Fri 10-11
Dr Vasilis [email protected] office: SB 106office hours: t.b.a.
Helpers:Mr. Ali AlinejadMr. Joshua Mee Mr. Alex RobsinsonMr. Jan Wilk
Facts
Lectures & Workshops: Fri 12 – 4 pm SB 124/127
2 hrs lecture + 2 hrs workshop, flexible1 hour lunch break in the middle
Games Fundamentals
Essential background in applied mathematics... ...and physics for Games Developers
Strong focus on practical engineering aspects Taught by example:
real problems typically encountered during games development process
Module Goals, Learning Outcomes, Indicative Curriculum see Module Guide...
Core Text
Wendy Stahler, Fundamentals of Math and Physics for Game Programmers, Pearson Prentice Hall 2006
Core Text
Michael Dawson, Beginning C++ through game programming, Cengage Learning 2010
Supplementary Reading: Mathematics John Flynt and Boris Meltreger, Beginning Math Concepts
for Game Developers, Thomson Course Technology 2006.
Christopher Tremblay, Mathematics for Game Developers, Thomson Course Technology 2004
James M. Van Verth, Lars M. Bishop, Essential Mathematics for Games & Interactive Applications. A Programmer’s Guide, Morgan Kaufmann, 2004
Supplementary Reading: Physics Ian Millington, Game Physics Engine Development: How to
Build a Robust Commercial-Grade Physics Engine for your Game. 2nd edition, Morgan Kaufmann 2010.
David M. Bourg, Physics for Game Developers, O’Reilly 2002
David H. Eberly, Game Physcis, Morgan Kaufmann, 2004
Supplementary Reading: Programming Erik Yuzwa, François D. Laramée, Learn C++ by Making
Games. Charles River Media 2007
Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language (any edition).
Assessment
coursework 50%
examination 50%
Why not Flash?
Flash is excellent for small games Flash is good for Internet games
No serious big game is written in Flash Large-scale project need professional
approach to programming, not just a scripting C++ Java
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
MYTHS
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming
True in 1996. JDK 1.0 was 20 – 40 times slower than C++ J2SE 5.0 is typically 1.1 times slower Bottleneck is somewhere else (3D hardware, the net)
Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks
garbage collection
Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level
J2SE 1.4: full-screen exclusive mode (FSEM) JNI: Java Native Interface JInput: Game Controller API until DOOM it was C/C++ what was considered too high level
Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare
just use a good installation software (install4j) code bloat (eg. JRE = 15 MB) but...
which of modern games is less than, say, 600MB? Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles
well, this one is (still) true... rumours on porting JVM to PS2 – nothing released
No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
Puzzle Pirates
Chrome
Law and Order II
Kingdom of Wars
Alien Flux
Runescape
Star Wars Galaxies
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java is too slow for games programming Java has memory leaks Java is too high-level Java application instalation is a nightmare Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
MOBILE GAMES
Games in Java? Java in Games? Java isn’t supported on games consoles No one uses Java to write real games Sun isn’t interested in supporting Java gaming
full-scren mode faster I/O, memory mapping nanosecond timers (v. 5.0) Java 3D Java Media Framework Java Communications API Java Games Profile
Why not C++?
Java is better for education CISM policy
anyway you are strongly advised to learn C++
which is widely used in industry
1. C++
2. On-line Games
3. Java
Why not C++?
Java is better for education CISM policy
anyway you are strongly advised to learn C++
which is widely used in industry
1. C++
2. On-line Games
3. Java
fortunately, I don’t have to answer this question now...
Why Mathematics?
Geometry – a tool for drawing graphical elements in 2D and 3D
Calculations make the player experience more life-like
eg. rules of perspective
3D animation
Why Physics?
fall down accelerate hit go
throw break fly
ride rotate dig
swim shoot
aim strike bounce
drive catch
explode reflect jump
run kick sail
Outline
1. Introductory Lecture (this one)
2. C++ Basics: Introducing Your Game Engine
3. Maths Basics
4. Thales Theorem and Perspective in 3D
5. Roll and Fall: Playing with the Laws of Motion
6. Collisions, Momentum and Energy
7. Resistance and Mechanics of Cars
8. Explosions
9. Physics Engine
10. Physics of Rotational Motion
Demo: Applying Physics to Helicopter
