Gavin Abo

Nate Stout

Nathan Thomas

HydroFly

Flywheel

Hydrofly

• Two Teams– Flywheel– Fuel Cell

• Adam Lint

• Chris Cockrell

• Daniel Hubbard

Sponsors & Mentors

• Brian Johnson

• Herb Hess

• Satish Samineni

• Greg Klemesrud

• John Jacksha

Presentation OutlineI. Introduction

II. Objectives

III. Specifications

IV. Design Functionality

V. Test Plan

VI. Schedule

VII. Budget

VIII. Future Work

IX. Questions

I. Introduction

Why is the project being done?

- To correct short voltage sags (Less than 1.5 seconds)to maintain a stable voltage to critical loads.

II. Primary Objective

• Interface a flywheel to the AMPS with the ability to correct for voltage sags occurring on the AMPS. – Implement the design by Satish Samineni

Secondary Objectives

• Spin a flywheel

• Communicate between converters

• Operate each converter with its own PWM

• Provide power to AMPS

• Make the system safe

• Operation Manual

III. SpecificationsThe AMPS 3 Phase, 208 V, 60 Hz, 5 kVAThree-Phase Series Transformer 7:10 turns ratio, 34.8 kVADC Bus Voltage 450 V maxDC power supply max. ripple 50V DCDC Bus Capacitance 2 x 250V 1000 μF (grounded between

the 2)Flywheel Moment of Inertia 5.406 kg-m2

Maximum Flywheel Stored Energy 91.305 kJInduction Machine Ratings 208 V, 32.6 A, 60 Hz, 10 hp, 4 poleSVPWM Switching Frequency 1 kHzSPWM Switching Frequency 10.8 kHzMaximum Sag Correction Duration 1.5 sMaximum Magnitude of SagCorrection

37% (or 63% of rated) @ 0.95 pu

Sag Correction Response Time Within 2 cyclesMagnitude Sag Correction Tolerance Within 0.95 pu 0.05 pu of rated2 Tier Converters 6 IGBTs 75A, JTAG (software not

included), etc.DSP Program Language C with inline ASM from TISample Rate for Voltage Correction 20k samples per cycleFlywheel Speed Sensor Position Encoder

Goals that have not been met• Fully Operational STPWM Code

– Setup voltage LEMs and acquire voltages• 3 voltages LEMs not yet received, but on the way

• Converter can acquire two voltages, but must scale by calculation of transformer ratio.

– Implement sine wave lookup table

• Fully Operational SVPWM Code– Setup voltage LEMs and acquire voltages

– Setup position encoder and acquire theta

• Setup communication between boards

– Sag status

– Tsag • Need to determine best pin, currently would lose temp sensor

for board protection.

• Starting induction motor

• Power the DC bus capacitors

IV. Design Functionality• Block Diagram

• Circuit Schematic

• Sub Circuit Schematics

• Organizational Chart

• Code Flow Diagram

• Programming

• Documentation

• Safety Features

Block Diagram

Circuit Schematic

Series Transformer Diagram

A Phase

B Phase

C Phase

Flywheel Energy Storage System

+ Vinjected -

+ Vinjected -

+ Vinjected -

So

urc

e

Lo

ad

x 2sin y sin z x y

10 5 0 5 104

3

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

x ( )

y ( )

z ( )

In phase Out of phase

a x 75 deg y

10 5 0 5 104

3

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

x 75 deg( )

y ( )

a ( )

DC link charging power supply

We used simple rectifier circuits to generate

the DC voltage

Organizational Chart

Operate a sine–triangle PWM

scheme

Operate a space vector

PWM scheme

Provide power to AMPS

Communicate between

converters

Program the triangle wave

Program the sine wave

look up table

Spin a flywheel

Program the switching

times calculation

Program a Phase locked

loop

Program matrix math

functions

Sag Status

Interface a flywheel to AMPS to correct for voltage sags on the

system

Code Flow Diagram

In order to help organize the code, we produced the following...

InterruptsSpace Vector spin flywheelup to minimum speed

Check for sags

Slow the motor

Determine magnitudeof the sag

PLL Start

Sine Triangle PWM

Has minimumspeed beenreached?

SagDetected?

Less than0.63 p.u.?

SagPersisting?

Stop All

DC link lost itsvoltage level

Flywheel belowminimum speed

MeasurementError

Start

The Programming

• All code is mathematically verified and set up to be interfaced to the DSP

• Testing still needs to be done.

Documentation

• Completed– Test plan– Poster– Life Cycle Report– Product

Reliability Report

• Not Completed– Final Report– Operations

Manual

Safety Features

• Plexiglas around all four sides of the cart

• Capacitor interface with banana jack leads

• Capacitor shorting bars

• Power strip as power connection

V. Test Plan Sample

Test FVSCS specifications Record Turn on the power strip. Verify that the DC bus has 450 volts on it. Verify that the flywheels is spinning at 1755 RPM with a strobe. Connect an oscilloscope to the sag bit line of the boards. Verify that the sag bit is in the low (0V) state. Initiate the 3 phase symmetrical fault on the line. Verify that the sag bit goes high (3.3V) state. Check SEL relay data to verify that the fault was corrected. - For the full duration of the sag. - To within 0.95 0.05 p.u. of nominal voltage. - Correction occurring within two cycles

VI. Schedule

• This Week Final Demonstration– To be scheduled W, Th, or Fri

• 12/12/2005 Final Report II Due– Includes Documentation

VII. BudgetQuantity Item Company Unit

PriceSubTotal with

Freight2 DC/AC Converter Tier Electronics $1,700 $3,428.041 DSP Software Texas Instruments $495 Donated1 XDS510PP-Plus Parallel

Port EmulatorSpectrum Digital $974.25 Donated

2 1000 F Capacitors 250 V Futurlec $2.5 $81 Craftsman Utility Cart

(Mfr. model #59345)Sears (Lewiston, ID) $62.99 $62.99

1 3-Phase Transformer UI G10 Lab -- Salvaged10 120V 20A Diodes Digi-Key $1.138 $18.591 Wall Transformer

48 VDC 500 mAJameco $10.95 $17.44

1 Plexiglas 4’ x 8’ Sheet+ cutting tool

Moscow BuildingSupply

$57.31 $57.31

3 Voltage Transducer LEM USA $37 Donated6 Current Sensor LEM USA $21 Donated2 Time Delay Relay Surplus Sales $49 $1042 8 pin octal relay base FM Stores $4.66 $9.32

10 200 V 20A Diodes Digi-Key $1.00 $23.011 Design Poster/Report

BindingUI Commons CopyCenter

$66 $66

Total Expenditures $3,794.70Total Value of donated Items $1706.25

Proposed Budget $4,825.00Remaining Budget $1,030.30

VIII. Future Work

• Unbalanced sags

• Better DC link charging supply

• Interface an visual human machine interface (HMI)– Error reporting– Event recording

http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/hydrofly/website

IX. Questions