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Post Disaster: Domestic Gender Based Violence
Perspective from Gujarat Earthquake (2001), Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004) and Cyclone Aila (2009)
For Gender and Disaster Webinar: 10th October 2012 organized by EPI Global and GDRA
Basic Premise of the Presentation
Vulnerability to Natural Disasters and its consequences is Engendered and
a Social Construct
Focus of the Presentation
• What is the reason for increase in gender based violence after the disaster
• How is it manifested/what are the consequences
• Who are the perpetrators of the violence• How Gander Based Violence can be controlled• What are the policy gaps for addressing GBV
Reasons for increase in Gender Based Violence
• Trauma leading to alcoholism, drug abuse and violence
• Dispersion of families and women headed household: women exposed
• “Tyranny of the urgent”: Narrow view of response; collective shelter; wash facilities
• Breakdown of social capital and support systems
Reasons for increase in GBV II
• Usage for existing social structure for relief distribution (male dominated): marginalization in access to relief
Manifestation of the Gender Based Violence
• Low self esteem/self confidence• Deterioration of mental health: Trauma: PTSD• Relocation of the female members of the
family: enhance vulnerability• Early child marriage/early pregnancy• Increase in human trafficking/forced
prostitution
Reducing Gender Based Violence
• Good understanding of the social structure and position of women in the society: Mapping existing forms of gender based violence
• Involve women in different phases of disaster preparedness and response
• Representation of the women in the response team: shelter; wash; relief distribution
Policy Gaps in addressing GBV
• Bringing gendered perspective to understanding natural disasters
• HFA and other international and local policy instruments
• Incorporation of gender specific indicators in SITREP/need assessment tools
Look at women not as a victim of disaster but as an epitome or
strong force of resistance
Build Back better “Use Natural Disaster as a Platform for Societal
Change”