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Fiziksel Çevre
inorganik ve organik maddeler
Adapte OlmuşOrganizmalar
Madde
Enerji Giri şşşşi
CanlıııılıııığıııınKoşullar ıııı
Enerji Çıkı şı
Komşu Ekosisteme
Madde Kaybıııı
Komşu EkosistemdenMadde Giri şşşşi
Sirkülasyon
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GüneşşşşEnerjisi
KimyasalEnerji
(Fotosentez)
KimyasalEnerji Mekanik
Enerji Atık Isı
Atık Isı
Atık Isı
Atık Isı
İİİİkinci termodinamik yasasının sisteme uygulanması(Kocataşşşş'tan)
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Yıl Ocak Şub. Mart Nisan May. Haz. Tem. Ağu. Eyl. Ekim Kas. Aral. Yıllık
1959 315.5 316.4 316.6 317.7 318.2 318.1 316.5 314.8 313.8 313.3 314.8 315.5 315.9
1979 336.2 336.7 337.9 338.8 339.4 339.2 337.7 336.1 333.9 333.8 335.2 336.7 336.8
1999 368.1 368.8 369.5 371.1 371.0 370.3 369.2 366.9 364.6 365.1 366.6 368.0 368.3
2004 376.7 377.4 378.4 380.5 380.6 379.6 377.8 375.8 374.1 374.2 375.8 377.5 377.4
Değerler her ayın 15’inde ölçülmüş ve ppm olarak gösterilmiştir.
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Kuzey Yarımküre Buzulu ve Denizlerdeki Tahmini Buz Örtüsü
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/slides/slideset/11/11_177_slide.html
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Gün
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http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~doetqp-p/courses/env440/env440_2/lectures/lec31/fig31_4.gif
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Baklagillerin nodülleri kırmızıdır. Bu da leghemoglobinoluşumu nedeniyledir. Nitrogenaz enziminin çalışabilmesi için
düşük oksijenli bir ortam sağlar. Leg=Legume
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www.botany.hawaii.edu/.../ RootSymbioses.htmAlnus glutinosa ve Frankia nodülleri
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Am
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Küçükçekmece GölüSanayi ve evsel atıkların neden olduğu kirlilik
ve ötrofikasyon (2004).
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Les végétaux ne sont pas tous adaptés de la même manière au passage de l'hiver. 1 : phanérophyte, les feuillestombent ou non et les zones les plus sensibles (méristèmes) sont protégées par des structures temporaires de résistance : les bourgeons. 2 : chaméphyte (chamaephyte), les feuilles tombent ou non, les bourgeons les plus bas bénéficient de la
protection de la neige (NMN : niveau moyen de la neige). 3 : cryptophyte (géophyte), ces plantes passent la périodefroide protégées par le sol, la partie aérienne meurt. 3a : c. à bulbe. 3b : c. à rhizome. 3c : c. à tubercule. 4 :
thérophyte, (plantes annuelles) ces plantes passent l'hiverà l'état de graine, l'ensemble de la plante meurt. 5 : hémicryptophyte, stratégie mixte qui combine celle des géophytes et des chaméphytes.
bioeco.free.fr
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Sıcak
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SoğğğğukArktik
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Il ııııman
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Biy
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30°N
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Maki
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Đğne yapraklı orman
Tundra
Yüksek dağlar
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� Ilıman geniş yapraklı ormanlar
ILIMAN GEN ĐŞ YAPRAKLI ORMANLAR
Büyük Smoky Mountains Ulusal Parkı (Kuzey Carolina)
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Ede
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GüneyKuzey
Alp rejiyonuAlpinetum
Ormansıııınıııırıııı
İİİİbreli ormanrejiyonuAbietum
Yaprakl ııııorman rejiyonu
FagetumYaprakl ıııı orman
rejiyonuCastaneum
Sert Yapraklıııımaki rejiyonu
Lauretum
Bursa -Mudanyasilsilesi
Yükseklik(m)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Uludağ’ın kuzeye bakan yamacındaki orman kuşşşşaklarııııPD
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Vej
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yonu
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Sile
ne a
caul
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Gun
nar
Bur
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Tay
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yom
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Pic
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iesto
plul
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Alageyik = Elk=Alces alces(http://odin.dep.no/ud/html/brosjyrer/norway/b_elk.h tml )
Tayga biyomunda bulunan (Avrupa-Asya bölümü) en büyük geyik türü
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Ilıman geniş-yapraklı orman biyomu (pw.vsb.bc.ca/library/ sc8biomes.html)
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Ilıman yaprağını döken ormanlarda bulunan sincap türü(Sciurus vulgaris=kızıl sincap).
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Ilıman yağmur ormanı biyomundaSequoia sempervirens(www.laspilitas.com/ plants/633.htm)
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Tropikal yağmur ormanı (www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ ritter/geog101/modul...)
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Tropikal yağmur ormanı biyomunda yaşayan kuş türlerinden Tukan=Ramphastos toco(www.paraguay-online.net/ fotoshow/vogel.html).
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Mak
i biy
om
u
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(http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y4351E/y4351e1x.jpg).
Maki biyomundaQuercus coccifera
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Ilım
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Anadolu steplerinde yaşayan ve soyu tükenme tehlikesi altında olanAnadolu Yaban Koyunu (Ovis gmelinii anatolica)
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Sav
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mu
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ort
ilis
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Çöl biyomu (K.Amerika’daki Sonoran Çölü ve saguaro kaktüsleri=Cereus gigantea)
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Şekil 46. Deniz ve okyanuslardaki zonasyon (tabakalaşma) (Raven ve diğ. 1995).
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Şek
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.N
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nlar
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mily
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Şek
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ölle
rde
litor
alzo
nve
bitk
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dağ
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.
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2004 NobelBarış Ödülü sahibi Kenyalı kadın çevreci Wangari Maathai. Afrika kıtasındaki kitlesel orman katliamını durdurma girişimiyle
dev bir ağaçlandırma kampanyası başlatarak30 milyon ağaçdikilmesine öncülük etti.
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