Geography 101:

The Basics

What is Geography?

Geography is the study of the HUMAN and NON-HUMAN features of the Earth.

!Geographers study where things are located why

they are located in a specific place. !

To do this, they study oceans, plants, landforms, countries, cities, people, and the Earth as a whole.

Why Study Geography?

F

Where in the world? When you go on a trip, how do you know

where you are going?

Geographers use CARDINAL and INTERMEDIATE directions to locate points on the earth.

What are the cardinal directions?

What are the Intermediate directions?

Where in the world? This is a COMPASS ROSE and it is found on a map. It

shows us directions. Draw the compass rose in your notes and label it.

Geography 101: Latitude & LongitudeThe Earth is almost a perfect SPHERE.

That means it has a round shaped body.

This is a flat projection of the earth, which we’ll learn about later this week.

The Earth is divided into 4 sections, or HEMISPHERES, by 2 lines. The EQUATOR runs horizontally around the earth, and

the PRIME MERIDIAN runs vertically around the earth..

Latitude Longitude

N

E

S

W

N

E

S

W

The distance NORTH and SOUTH of the equator is called the latitude.

To remember this think of LATITUDE being a LADDER that

you climb up and down to measure.

The distance EAST and WEST of the Prime Meridian is called the

Longitude. To remember this, think of LONGitude as a LONG rope that

you have to swing around the earth on..

Geography 101: Latitude & Longitude

Latitude and Longitude are both measured in units called DEGREES. When you look at a map, you will see

a line every 20 degrees.

( _____ , _____ )

Latitude and Longitude look like this when you write them down.

Dont’ forget your parenthesis!

Your numbers go here, don’t forget a comma!

These are “degrees”. They are marked N or

S and E or W.

Now it’s your turn!Work with the person directly beside you to complete the activity that you have glued into your notebook.

!REMEMBER to follow the rules for working in groups so

we are able to earn our FUN FRIDAY privileges!

Stay on task!

Talk only to your partner!

Use your inside voice!

Make sure not to disrupt others!

Raise your hand if you need help!

Geography 101:

The Basics

What did we learn yesterday?

Geography 101: The 5 Themes of Geography

Geographers use 5 different themes when talking about, and studying, geography. Since we are geographers, we’ll

use them too!

LocationPlace

RegionMovement

Human-Environment Interaction

LocationFirst we have to find out where a place is if we want to

study it. That is why we use LOCATION!

There are 2 types of LOCATION… ABSOLUTE LOCATION & RELATIVE LOCATION

Absolute Location describes a place’s EXACT position on Earth by using latitude and longitude.

Relative Location tells where a place is by describing what is around it. (Example: CMS is near the Sonic

and the Walmart in Choctaw.

Absolute or Relative?Circle the Absolute Location, and put a Square around the

relative location.

Near the large tree.

North of Ms. L’s classroom

By the CVS

East of Oklahoma City

North of Edmond

(17 N, 15 E)(89 N, 35 E)

(14 N, 45 W)

(25 S, 84 E)

(60 S, 13 E)

(7 S, 1 W)

(30 N, 70 W)

PlacePlace refers to a mix of human and non-human features at a given location. So you have to know the location in order

to describe the place.

Place is a description! It’s all about the details. !

What do people do for jobs? Where do people live? What do they eat? How do they live?

RegionRegion is an area with at least ONE unifying physical or

human feature.

They all have something in common!

Some examples are climate, landforms, population, history, religion, etc.

What are some regions that you can think of? How are they unified?

MovementMovement is the study of how people and things get from

one place to another. This can also include ideas!

Transportation, the movement of data through the Internet, going to school, buying food from the store and taking it

home, making a bracelet and sending it to a penpal in another country, & the OKC thunder traveling to Dallas to

play the Mavericks are all examples of movement.

Why is it important to study movement?

Human-Environment Interaction

Human-Environment Interaction sounds tricky, but it’s really simple! It is all about how people affect their environment

and how the environment affects people?

How do people affect the environment?

How can the environment affect people?

Now it’s your turn!Work with the person directly beside you to complete the activity that you have glued into your notebook.

!REMEMBER to follow the rules for working in groups so

we are able to earn our FUN FRIDAY privileges!

Stay on task!

Talk only to your partner!

Use your inside voice!

Make sure not to disrupt others!

Raise your hand if you need help!

Geography 101:

The Basics

Why are maps important?

Draw me a map to your house.

MAPS NEED DETAILS!

What do good maps need?

How to Read a MapMaps have different parts…all of them are important!

Key or Legend

Title

Compass ROse

Inset Maps

This is a Map!

Duh, Mrs. Mosley.This tells you what the map is about!

These are smaller maps located inside the big map!

This shows you directions on a map.

This explains symbols

and shaking on a map

Types of Maps

Physical Maps

Types of Maps

Political Maps

Types of Maps

Special Purpose Maps

Ways to Show Earth’s Surface

GlobesSatellite Images

GIS

Maps