Getting Older Marc Duyck MEd. PTA

Who am I?

•Adult

•Who is getting more mature•And grey•Who has looser skin•Who does not like gravity•Who is accepting•Who likes bikes•Who likes older people

Who am I?•I also like sunsets •And teaching

•And getting patients better

I am just a poor farm boy who grew up smelling like a dairy cow

or a pig.

Inspiring Aging Adults

POLLING QUESTION The majority of old people (past age 65) are senile, have bad memory, are confused, or are mentally ill.

ANSWER

Critical Thinking

Consider the following:• Aging increases as physical activity decreases

• The less active one is the older they get: higher risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke.

social and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

What does normal aging look like?

Something like this

Or Or this

AAAnd not this

Critical Thinking

Take 3 minutes with a partner to consider the following questions:• Name 3 positive things you think of when you think of the older

adult? • Describe 3 older adults – over 70 that come to mind when you

think of healthy older adult• What makes them healthy? Aging increases with a decrease in

functional activity. This is very important to know as PTA's. Diseases are not normal: diabetes in the older population is not an inevitable, but occurs in part, but not exclusively due to a decline in the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular disease, a diet that increases the risk of developing diabetes, and a reduction in physical output or activity and not necessarily in that order.

• Aging increases with a decrease in functional activity. This is very important to know as PTA's. Diseases are not normal: diabetes in the older population is not an inevitable, but occurs in part, but not exclusively due to a decline in the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular disease, a diet that increases the risk of developing diabetes, and a reduction in physical output or activity and not necessarily in that order.

• social and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. 

• Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

Changes that occur as we mature

What changes occur as one matures?• Hearing• Vision• Taste• Touch• Smell, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. 

Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

Changes that occur as we mature

Vision: true or false: vision changes as we mature?

•Vision: 90% experience visual loss/changes. If the eye muscle weaken, a person is less likely at a retirement community join others at a table to eat since it is hard to socialize with poor visual acuity due to eye muscle atrophy, thus meal times get skipped.

•If macular degeneration occurs, a person cannot see well to cook as in the past and the enjoyable act of preparing foods is lost, thus a person is less likely to eat food they cannot participate in preparing, or food becomes too expensive when prepared by others, thus important nutrients are lost when a balanced diet is compromised.

systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

Changes that occur as we mature

Hearing: true or false: hearing worsens as we mature. What % experience significant hearing

loss?•Hearing: loss of hearing can cause confusion, inappropriate responses, anger, disorientation and social isolation.

•Can’t hear other traffic don’t want to drive.•Can’t hear others in conversation especially with a lot of people so the person wants to go home.

•Less likely to take up sign language•Finish sentences inappropriately: mom new chair from New York

systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communityocial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

POLLING QUESTION Most old people have no interest in, or capacity for, sexual relations. 

ANSWER

False

Think about it

Changes that occur as we mature

The elderly have decreased sensitivity to temperature extremes such as cold

or heatTrue or

False?

Changes that occur as we mature

Pain receptors decrease

• Nerve receptors responsible for pain decrease

Safety• Being out in the heat too long – dehydration. The sense that one

needs to drink fluid in heat decreases: solution offer water frequently and encourage fluid consumption – unless one is on a fluid restriction due to heart disease

What other issues may come up?

Changes that occur as we mature

Does the sense of smell change as one matures?

• Yes, becomes less sensitive.• What implications happen because of this?

• Food is less enjoyable to eat• Less important to eat, “I am not hungry.”

If I don’t smell the food, I lose that hunger pang after passing my favorite fast food restaurant or smelling my neighbor with his BBQ

• At age 80, smell reduction may be as much as 50% less.

body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communityocial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

What other normal changes do occur when one gets older: over

65?•Reaction time – check out line faster or slower?

•Bone strength stronger or weaker?•Why?

•Calories needed to sustain quality of life increase or decrease?•Why?

•Blood vessels arteries – stiffer normal.

•Heart rate decreases: normal.•Healthy lifestyles reduce risk of heart and vessel problems

POLLING QUESTION Lung capacity tends to decline in old age. 

ANSWER

Does the heart increase or decrease in size as we age?

POLLING QUESTION Older people are not as strong as young people. 

ANSWER

What other normal changes do occur when one gets older: over

65?•Muscles – Is it normal for muscles to shrink when we mature?What about sleep? Does this change?

Big picture re: aging.What is the big picture?

POLLING QUESTION At least 1 in 10 old people live in nursing homes, mental hospitals and old peoples’ homes.  

ANSWER

POLLING QUESTION Suicide is mainly a problem for teenagers and seldom happens to older adults. 

ANSWER

Partner Activity: getting older and mental health

•Why would an older adult be sad or

depressed?write down 5 reasons older adults may be depressed.

•How would this affect your work with an older adult?

Mental Health and Aging

•Depression is a not so uncommon problem.

•Why?

•Loss and grief

•Decreased sense of purpose

•Limitations on activities

•Lack of exercise

•Not able to enjoy food as much

•Negative self image

•Melancholy of youth becomes melancholy of aging.

Signs and Symptoms of Depression

•Symptoms and signs often gradual regular caregivers do not notice them

•Poor concentration•Low self-esteem•Suicidal ideations•Fatigue•Wt. loss or gain•Agitation

Signs and Symptoms of Depression

•Sadness•Anxiety•Anger•Fear•Irritability•Depersonalization: loss of identity, normal behavior

What to do when you see these signs and symptoms?

•Ask the person: are you OK?•Notify family and your supervisor. •Document abnormal behaviors.

Share observations with other providers of care

•Social workers•Nurses•Physical Therapy•Occupational Therapy•Speech Therapy•Chaplains

POLLING QUESTION In general, most old people are pretty much alike. 

ANSWERThe differences remain

the same throughout the life span. If you're

grouchy when you’re young, you’re grouchy

when you’re old.

Spirituality as we mature

•Older people are more religious than younger people?

•People become more religious as they mature.

•Older people are more active as volunteers in churches/synagogues/mosques than before they retired.

•True or false. Why?

Respect of various religious or spiritual paths

•Everyone's path is their own

•Respect

•Tolerance

•Understanding

•Acceptance

•Assuming is often not helpful

•Role is to care not convert

•Change your schedule to accommodate those you care for

Different cultures and differences in expressions of faith

•Islam – Observance •Judaism: Observance

Different cultures and differences in expressions of faith

•Christian observance •Other traditions

Critical Thinking

Take 5 minutes with a partner to consider the following questions:• Name 2-3 medical problems that you have seen in an elderly

client? • What health care providers have you observed working with the

older adult?• Has your experiene with the health care provider been positive?

Why or why not?and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging.  Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the community

Overview – Common Medical Problems and the Providers who

Help the Older Adult CVA/StrokeParkinson’s DiseaseHeart Disease/DiabetesAlzheimers

CVA or stroke

• What a stroke is• Most times is a result of a blood

clot• Sometimes is the result of a brain

bleed or hemmorhage• Can result in one sided weakness• Can result in balance problems• Can result in communication or

swallowing problems

CVA and the role of care providers

at a patient’s home

• Nursing often not involved in the home in helping this person

• However nursing may be issuing• Plavix injections• Tube feeding

• PT very involved in getting the pt moving

• About in bed in and out• In and out of a chair or toilet• Walking

CVA and the role of care providers

at a patient’s home•Occupational Therapy: involved in helping pt to get dressed, bathing, eating, managing a schedule.

•Speech: Cognition, swallowing, how to speak and form words.

•Social work: Depression screens. Whether home situation is working or not.

POLLING QUESTION Older drivers have fewer accidents than drivers under age 65. 

ANSWER

True Because they drive less, are more cautious; however, they have more fatal crashes than

drivers under 65

Parkinson’s Disease

•Lack of chemical in brain that helps us initiate movement

•Frozen periods

•Tremor

•Late term: •difficulty swallowing•hard to get out of bed•Falls•Difficulty breathing

Role of therapy and your role

•PT helps pt move again•Techniques to move better•Posture re-training

•You help the patient have more quality of life.

•Speech•Cognition•Swallowing•Speech

Heart Disease and Diabetes

•Heart disease is the #1 killer in the U.S. annually.

•¼ deaths annually are the result of heart disease

•Heart disease is often preventable

•The heart is a muscle, when it stops working a person dies.

•¼ children born today are or will be diabetic.

•Adult on-set diabetes is the most common

•When diabetes is out of control, people take insulin.

•Diet and exercise are good tools to assist in managing diabetes.

Polling Question

•What are some contributing factors to heart disease?

•How many are preventable

Healthcare Team involved

•Nursing•Blood draws when requested•Pt. and family education•Dressing changes

•Physical therapy•Dressing changes•How to walk with or without a prosthetic in the case of diabetes/amputation

•02 line management•Transfer/mobility training

•Occupational Therapy•Activities of daily living

•Dressing•Cognitive assessments•Toileting•Showering•Energy Conservation

Alzheimer’s Disease

•Cause unknown

•Occurs especially during later in life with highest spikes as older adults enter their 70’s and even higher in the 80’s.

•Symptoms include a radical change in memory of a daily task

•Leaving a stove on•Leaving a car ignition on.•Getting lost in a familiar area.

•The disease is devastating resulting in a full disability over time or quickly.

Caregiver support

•Role of professionals and caregivers include

•Family support, especially late term as individual with disease requires full time care.

•This includes •Feeding•Toileting•Dressing•Mobility

•Can be very exhausting for care team and family

Summary

• Aging takes a heavy toll on all systems of the body. • Although many of these changes are normal, there are some that

can be slowed down or even stopped by changes in lifestyle habits.

• Be understanding when working with elderly individuals who are experiencing rapid change for the worst.

POLLING QUESTION Inactivity and lack of exercise slow us down more than age.

ANSWERTrue.

“If you live an couch potato lifestyle, you age

at 2% per year. If you are active you age at 1/2%

per year.”

Questions?

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