Global Coastal Observing Systems and Services:

Opportunities and Challenges

GODAE OceanView Symposium 2013

Baltimore, MD USA

6 November 2013

Dr. Paul M. DiGiacomo

Chief, Satellite Oceanography

and Climatology Division

NOAA-NESDIS Center for Satellite

Applications and Research

Outline of Talk

• First, apologies for the alphabet soup of acronyms to follow

• Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS): Panel for Integrated Coastal

Observations (PICO) and the PICO Implementation Plan for Coastal

GOOS – focus on coastal users and observations

• Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) and the Group

on Earth Observations (GEO) Blue Planet Task and the Coastal Zone

Community of Practice (CZCP) – focus on coastal users and services

• Next Steps….

A Global Ocean Observing System Framework for Sustainable Development: Ecosystem-Based Approaches

• Sustainable development depends on

maintaining ecosystem services which are

concentrated in coastal estuarine and marine

ecosystems.

• Sustained provision of multidisciplinary data

are needed to inform adaptive, ecosystem-

based approaches (EBAs) for maintaining

these coastal ecosystem services.

• This requires development of an operational

global ocean observing system that will

provide these data on coastal ecosystems

needed to sustain ecosystem services in the

face of human expansion & climate change.

See T. Malone, P. DiGiacomo et al: A global ocean observing system framework

for sustainable development. Marine Policy 43 (2014) 262-272.

Requirements for Global Implementation of the Strategic Plan for Coastal GOOS

• GOOS: Addresses data & information requirements for ecosystem – based approaches to Managing human uses of ecosystem

goods & services

Mitigating the impacts of natural hazards

Adapting to climate change

• The PICO Plan provides The building blocks of a User-Driven

System of Systems for Coastal Observing

Requirements for the phased implementation of Coastal GOOS

Sustained Observations & Modeling

Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services

Human Expansion

Climate Change Natural Hazards

Marine Operations

Basin Scale GOOS

Coastal GOOS

IMPACTS

IMPACTS

Coastal GOOS is primarily concerned with detecting and predicting the effects of climate change, natural hazards, & human expansion on the capacity of

estuarine & marine ecosystems to provide goods & services.

Sustained Observations & Modeling

Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services

Human Expansion

Climate Change Natural Hazards

Marine Operations

Basin Scale GOOS

Coastal GOOS

IMPACTS

IMPACTS

Coastal GOOS is primarily concerned with detecting and predicting the effects of climate change, natural hazards, & human expansion on the capacity of

estuarine & marine ecosystems to provide goods & services.

Expanding GOOS to Inform Ecosystem-Based Approaches to Sustainable Development

• The broad area of concern for “Coastal” GOOS extends from semi-enclosed systems in the coastal zone to

the continental shelf &

the open ocean as required (especially for biological/ecological components)

• Changes in local ecosystems cannot be understood or anticipated without Observing & modeling large scale changes in the propagation of change across

scales.

This calls for integrated development of (basin scale & coastal) GOOS through a nested approach, addressing the physical & biological components of the system.

Integrated System of Systems • Coastal GOOS is presently envisioned as a multi-scale, interdisciplinary

system of systems consisting of a Global Coastal Network (GCN) with national and regional coastal ocean observing systems (RCOOSs) embedded, driven by GOOS Regional Alliances (GRAs) in particular.

GOOS Regional Alliances (GRAs) One integrated GOOS

Global Implementation of Coastal GOOS

Integrated Design Implementation

Strategy

2003

Panel for Integrated Coastal Observations (PICO)

Coastal Ocean Observation Panel (COOP)

2005

Action Plan for

Phased Implementation

2012

• A road map for expanding GOOS to inform EBAs

• The plan draws upon & builds on 2003 & 2005 Coastal GOOS Reports

2006 IGOS Coastal Theme Report

OceanObs ‘09 Plenary & White Papers

A Framework for Ocean Observing

U.N. Assessment of Assessments & the Regular Process

• The plan complements & depends on the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) & associated OOPC efforts.

The PICO Plan Requirements for Global Implementation of the Strategic Plan for Coastal GOOS

The PICO Plan

• Identifies key indicators of pressures, states & impacts of changes in state for 7 priority Phenomena of Interest

• Specifies end – to – end systems that are the building blocks for a System of Systems

• Identifies essential ocean variables (EOVs) that should be monitored based on these specifications

• Assesses methods for measuring EOVs & their readiness levels

• Describes the required infrastructure of the System of Systems to monitor these variables & model changes in states

• Provides global maps of pressures & hot spots for all phenomena of interest

• Recommends a demonstration – capacity building project to implement a system of systems in a “super site” region

Specify the Building Blocks of a System of Systems

(1) Determine priority Phenomena of Interest (PoI) & Associated key indicators of ecosystem states

(2) For each PoI Identify user groups & determine their data &

information requirements for products & applications Identify key indicators of relevant pressures, states, &

impacts of changes in states Document observing system requirements

• Observations (in situ & remote sensing) • Modeling & analysis • Reporting (real – time or delayed mode) • Data management & communications

Assess operational status & identify gaps

Priority Phenomena of Interest & Associated Indicators

Phenomenon of Interest

Coastal Eutrophication & Hypoxia

Human Exposure to Waterborne Pathogens

Habitat Loss & Modification

Ocean acidification

Harmful Algal Blooms

Food Security

Key Indicators of Ecosystem States

Phytoplankton biomass fields Dissolved oxygen fields

Distribution & abundance of waterborne pathogens

Distribution & abundance of toxic phytoplankton species

Extent & condition of biologically structured habitats

Extent & condition of coral reefs Abundance of calcareous plankton

Abundance of harvestable finfish & shellfish stocks

Vulnerability to coastal flooding Extent & condition of habitat buffers to flooding

Temperature Dissolved N, P, Si Chlorophyll Water leaving

radiances

Salinity Dissolved O2 Toxic phytoplankton Downwelling

irradiance

Current velocity pH Calcareous plankton

Surface wave height

& direction

pCO2 Copepod indicator

species

Absolute sea level Total alkalinity Enteric bacteria

Shoreline position Aragonite saturation

state

Extent of biologically

structured benthic

habitats

Bathymetry Colored dissolved

organic matter

Species diversity

Sea surface

roughness

Exploitable fish

stocks

Total suspended

matter

Bycatch

Large pelagic

predators

ESSENTIAL ECOSYSTEM STATE VARIABLES

Geophysical Chemical Biological Biophysical

Modeling/Forecasting Elements in PICO Plan

• Models of ocean circulation and biogeochemical cycles

• Inshore Coastal Modeling – Coastal inundation and changes in sea level

– Coastal circulation

– Sediment dynamics and transport

– Water quality and the fate and impact of pollutants;

– Coastal Ecosystem impacts and responses.

• Fisheries and Ecosystem Models

• Informing Observing System Design

• Nowcasts, forecasts and predictions in support of (coastal) user information needs

GODAE OceanView is prominently highlighted in the PICO Plan

Global Networks for Facilitating Implementation & Evolution of Coastal GOOS, including:

• Institutional Networks GOOS Regional Alliances (GRAs)

Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO)

The World Association of Marine Stations (WAMS)

IOC-IODE Ocean Data and Information Networks

• Programmatic Networks International network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems (I-CREOS)

Seagrass Net

Chlorophyll Globally Integrated Network (ChloroGIN)

Everyone’s Gliding Observatories (EGO)

GEO Biodiversity Observation Network (GEOBON)

Global Alliance of CPR Surveys (GACS)

Global Tracking Network (GTN) & Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators (GTOPP)

Regional Marine Instrument Centers (RMICs)

Global Terrestrial Network for River Discharge (GTN-R)

GODAE OceanView

Implementation Status of Coastal GOOS

• Regional OOSs are actively being implemented by developed countries , e.g.,

Australia: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Europe: EuroGOOS & MONGOOS USA: Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS)

• Implementation has been generally slow to nonexistent in the developing world;

• The Global Coastal Network exists in concept only;

• Most pre – operational & operational systems are not part of an integrated system of systems, e.g.,

Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) Continuous Plankton Recorder surveys (CPR) Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators (GTOPP)

• Challenges

Increasing sustained funding by developed countries for capacity building by developing countries;

Establishing common standards & protocols; Creation of an international coordination mechanism for global

implementation Facilitating broader/coordinated biological & biogeochemical measurements

Observing Network Readiness GRA Observation Network Readiness Level

Black Sea GOOS (Unanswered in assessment)

EUROGOOS 65%, systems vary by maturity and sample rate

GOOS Africa (Assessment drafted by the U.S. IOOS

Program Office)

(Unanswered in assessment)

GRASP 100%

IMOS 100%

IOCARIBE 0% for the GRA, for member countries national ocean observation

programs up to 15%

IOGOOS

Basin scale 70% - Argo, INDOOS and RAMA provide improvement in

ocean observing capability, though gaps exist in the Southern Ocean

and Boundary currents

Regional scale (EEZ) 30% - large gaps in regional observing systems

MONGOOS 50%, several state of the art systems, but region is strongly under

sampled

NEAR-GOOS (No assessment received to date)

OCEATLAN 60% for catchment of data from ocean, 50% for communications and

50% for process of data

PIGOOS 0%, physical components of observing networks are operated by

countries external to the Pacific

SEAGOOS 50%, partly ready to use

US IOOS 50%, due to significant spatial gaps

Data Management Readiness GRA DMAC Readiness Level

Black Sea GOOS (Unanswered in assessment)

EUROGOOS 100%

GOOS Africa (Assessment drafted by the U.S. IOOS

Program Office)

(Unanswered in assessment)

GRASP No data management portal.

IMOS 100%, all data is discoverable

IOCARIBE 0%, though several countries have internal data portals that are

available that could be measured at 10% in aggregate

IOGOOS 100% for data services provided INCOIS

MONGOOS 100% through MyOcean

NEAR-GOOS (No assessment received to date)

OCEATLAN Not yet measured, 0%

PIGOOS 0%, though accessible though PacIOOS and AODN

SEAGOOS Lower than 50%

US IOOS 75%

Modeling GRA Summary of Modeling

Black Sea GOOS (Unanswered in the assessment)

EUROGOOS BSHcmod, HBM, HIROMB, NEMO, POLCOMS, TOPAZ, PCOMS, ROMS, MFS,

OGS-OPATM, PAM, POSEIDON

GOOS Africa (Assessment drafted by the U.S. IOOS

Program Office)

(Unanswered in the assessment)

GRASP Wave Watch III, ROMS

IMOS Not directly investing in modeling activities. Engaged with Australian Ocean

Forecasting community (BLUElink)

IOCARIBE HYCOM, ROMS, Wave Watch III, SWAN, some proprietary operational

modeling in support of oil and gas in Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela.

IOGOOS

Indian Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Australian BLUElink,

in South Africa, first steps towards development of a national ocean ocean

monitoring

MONGOOS Basin Scale - MFS, OGS-OPATM, PAM, POSEIDON

Various Regional Models

NEAR-GOOS (No assessment received to date)

OCEATLAN No well-defined arrangement for model generation.

PIGOOS Modeling provided by external countries (e.g. Australia, USA).

SEAGOOS

Ocean Forecast System – pilot project initiated in 2010

Monsoon onset Monitoring and Its Social and Ecosystem Impacts (MOMSEI)

– pilot project aimed at improving Asia monsoon forecasting

US IOOS

HYCOM, WaveWatch III, ROMS, ADCIRC

Beginning to move into ecosystem modeling, Operational and Pre-

operational Harmful Algal Bloom forecasts

Identified Gaps GRA Summary of Identified Gaps

Black Sea GOOS None identified

EUROGOOS

Sustainability of the existing observational system

Ability to provide stable long time series for monitoring climate variability

Under-sampled areas for in-situ observations, particularly the Arctic area

Need for observational data of freshwater input for forecasting models

Need for establishment of additionally fixed platforms in certain sea areas

with real time measurements throughout the water column

The existing Ferrybox and SOOP network should be expanded in order to

have meteorological information in all sea basins

A need for reliable real time data transmission from research vessels

General lack of biochemical near real time observations

In the Black Sea, need for increased scientific cruises, coastal stations that

provide near real time data with less restrictions on access, and need more

physical and biogeochemical observations in the open sea.

GOOS Africa (Assessment drafted by the U.S. IOOS

Program Office)

(Unanswered in the assessment)

GRASP None identified

IMOS

Spatial – Southern Ocean, Southern Indian Ocean, Northern Australia/South

East Asia

Observational – Deep Ocean, Sea-ice

Capability – Data Assimilation, Observing System Design

Scientific – Sustained Ecological Observing, operational Ecosystem Modeling.

IOCARIBE None identified

Identified Gaps Continued GRA Summary of Identified Gaps

IOGOOS

Design and implement a Capacity Development program (including training

and demonstration project work) in:

-Numerical ocean modeling and data assimilation

-Ocean observations (both for the collection of data, and data analysis

thereof); this includes the gap area of remote sensing applications

for ecosystems and data assimilation in modeling

-Associated IT / data management, with reference to the region’s

developing national ocean data centre.

-Exemplification of scenarios through the validation and inter-

comparison of global and regional-scale models in the Indian Ocean.

Develop and apply an operational ocean monitoring and forecasting system

for ecological, economic and social objectives.

MONGOOS None identified

NEAR-GOOS The Navy has been striving to maintain the capacity of its staff and the

quality of the project, finding difficulty in the large turnover of staff.

OCEATLAN (No assessment received to date)

PIGOOS

Coastal observing networks

Biological observing networks (e.g. plankton)

A wide chemical observing network (e.g. ocean acidification)

SEAGOOS Development of the GRA through pilot projects instead of through systematic

development and integration of regional ocean observations

US IOOS None identified

Next steps for PICO/Coastal GOOS

• The PICO Plan, i.e., GOOS Report #193, is available on the GOOS website: http://www.ioc-goos.org/, go to documents, reports, #193

• Working on a high level summary for policy and decision-makers

• The PICO panel completed its tasking and is now dissolved with the recent reorganization of GOOS, but we are now and will continue to work with the GOOS Project Office and other key GOOS Stakeholders (GRAs et al.) toward implementation of recommendations in the PICO/Coastal GOOS Plan.

• Will pursue regional demonstration projects at priority super sites, especially Indonesian Archipelago-South China Sea Region

• Also working in the context of the GEO Blue Planet task, and with the GEO Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP) – see following slides

Formulate a Proposal for Regional Pilot Project

• International demonstration project

The super site:

• Indonesian Archipelago-South China Sea Region

Why?

• Greatest number of pressures

• Global epicenter of habitat & species diversity

• Sentinel sites for human pressures & state changes for all phenomena of interest

• Regional networks are in place to facilitate implementation

Coral Triangle

Indonesian Archipelago-South China Sea Regional Networks

• Ocean Data and Information Network for the Western Pacific

• The Southeast Regional GOOS (SEAGOOS)

• Projects funded by The Global Environmental Facility Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea & Gulf of

Thailand (UNEP)

West Pacific East Asia Oceanic Fisheries Management Project

Arafura & Timor Seas Ecosystem Action Program

Sulu-Celebes Seas Sustainable Fisheries Management Project

Large Marine Ecosystem programs in the Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea & the Indonesian Sea

• The East and Southeast Asia Biodiversity Information Initiative

• The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries & Food Security Project of Conservation International

• Pacific Institutes of Marine Science (member of the World Association of Marine Laboratories)

And now to Coastal Services

GEO 2012-2015 Workplan Task SB-01 Oceans and Society: Blue Planet

Societal Benefit Areas

GEO 2012-2015 Workplan Task SB-01 Oceans and Society: Blue Planet

Sustained Ocean Observations

C1

Developing Capacity & Societal Awareness

C6

Ocean Forecasting C3

Ocean Climate & Carbon

C5

Sustained Ecosystems & Food

Security C2

Services for the Coastal Zone

C4

Blue Planet: Oceans and Society

•GOOS • Argo •HF Radar •OceanSITES •GEOWOW •CEOS Virtual Constellations

C1 Sustained ocean observations

•ChloroGIN •Antares •SAFARI •GEOHAB •GACS •IQOE •Mangrove monitoring •Coral reef monitoring (GCRMN, I-CREOS) •Estuary monitoring (Our Global Estuary)

C2 Sustained ecosystems and food security

•GODAE OceanView MEP-TT

•GODAE OceanView COSS-TT

•GODAE OceanView OSE-TT

•GODAE OceanView IV-TT

C3 Ocean forecasting

•Coastal Zone Community of Practice

•Panel for Integrated Coastal Observations

•Global Coastal Zone Information System

C4 Services for the coastal zone

•GCOS Essential Climate Variables •IOCCP •Ocean acidification •CEOS Carbon Strategy

C5 Ocean climate and carbon

•Fellowship programmes •Visiting professorship programmes •Centres of excellence •Summer/winter schools •Shipboard training •Data management training •Distance learning •Outreach activities

C6 Developing capacity and societal awareness

Blue Planet: Oceans and Society

Committee on Earth Observation Satellites

Group on Earth Observations: Coastal Zone Community

of Practice

Global Ocean Observing System

Partnership for Observation of the

Global Oceans

Global Ocean Data Assimilation

Experiment

Committee on Earth Observation Satellites

Group on Earth Observations: Coastal Zone Community of

Practice

Global Ocean Observing System

Partnership for Observation of the

Global Oceans

IOC/UNESCO

JCOMM

IODE OBIS

DBCP SOT GLOSS

Argo OceanSITES

IOCCP

GlobalHAB

GEOWOW

GEO Integrated Water Information Task

IV-TT OSE-TT

COSS-TT MEP-TT SAFARI

Capacity Building

IQOE

GACS Antares

ChloroGIN

IOCCG

GCOS

GCZIS

SLRCoP

GHRSST

Virtual Constellations

Carbon Task Force

WGClimate

WQCoP

PICO-PP

CEOS

GOOS

GODAE CZCP

POGO BLUE

PLANET

GEO Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP)‏ http://www.czcp.org/

• The Coastal Zone Community of

Practice (CZCP) supports GEO in

its goal to provide timely observations

providing services and informing

decisions concerning the coastal zone.

• High priorities for GEOSS coastal

users currently include:

=> Improved forecasts of sea-level

rise and associated increase in

frequency and extent of coastal

inundation

=> Tracking changes in water quality

and ecosystem health and

productivity and ability to provide

important goods and services.

Aftermath of Super Storm Sandy, 2012

(Courtesy M. Bruno)

• The CZCP brings together experts in

an effort to support coastal zone

management through utilization of Earth

observations and derived products.

• The CZCP focuses both on research

and practical applications related to

coastal zone management.

• It interacts with GEO’s Societal Benefits

Implementation Board and various

GEO Participating Organizations and related entities.

Example of coastal management product: Operational Harmful Algal Bloom Bulletin

GEO Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP)‏

Recent and upcoming coordination, development & support activities of the CZCP :

* Organized a series of Regional Workshops under the title: “GEOSS Support

for Decision-Making in the Coastal Zone: Managing and Mitigating the Impacts

of Human Activities and Natural Hazards in the Coastal Zone” (3 to date);

•* Supporting implementation of the GEO Blue Planet task; presently leading development

of a “Services for the Coastal Zone” component. Activities to include:

•> Development of a Global Coastal Zone Information System (GCZIS): a global

cyberinfrastructure will be implemented that provides access to available data and

information on coastal zones to support stakeholder needs, and facilitate the

collection of new information, including through crowdsourcing and citizen-scientist

contributions.

•> Assess user needs and observational requirements for coastal water quality;

identify indicators and best practices for coastal water quality; implement a

monitoring service for coastal water quality; dissemination of information.

•> Assess the observational requirements for decadal forecasts of coastal local sea-

level variation and develop a demonstrator sea level forecasting service.

•> Facilitate implementation of a regional coastal pilot project per PICO plan

Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP)‏

Next steps

• Per recommendation in the PICO Coastal GOOS Report, pursue demonstration of regional pilot project at priority super site/s, e.g., Indonesian Archipelago-South China Sea Region, working with diverse stakeholders and users.

Next steps

• Per recommendation in the PICO Coastal GOOS Report, pursue demonstration of regional pilot project at priority super site/s, e.g., Indonesian Archipelago-South China Sea Region, working with diverse stakeholders and users.

• Through the GEO Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP), initiate and advance development of the new Coastal Services Component in the GEO Blue Planet Task

Thanks!

Example End – to – End System for Indicators of Habitat Loss & Modification

• Target coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests & salt marshes

• Why? Support high species diversity & living

marine resources;

Prevent coastal erosion

Buffer coastal communities against storm surges & flooding

Important carbon sinks (mangrove forest in particular)

Tourist attractions

Important indicators of the impacts of

• ocean warming &

• acidification (coral reefs in particular)

A Building Block of a System of Systems End – to – End System for Habitat Loss & Modification

Objectives

• Document changes in extent & fragmentation of habitat buffers Mangrove forests, Vegetated sand dunes &

Tidal salt marshes Seagrass beds & Warm water coral reefs

• Map vulnerability to coastal flooding

• Estimate impacts of changes in habitat buffers on

The vulnerability of future coastal populations to flooding &

Exposure to pathogens & toxic chemicals during post-flooding runoff

Requirement Drivers – Products

• Index of Vulnerability to Flooding

Digital, high resolution (≤ 1 km) maps of vulnerability to flooding updated at 1 – 5 yr intervals depending on

• Frequency & magnitude of flooding events &

• Coastal geomorphology

Realistic scenarios for changes in vulnerability 5 – 10 yr out based on projections of

• Sea level rise

• Land – use practices

• Coastal erosion

• Loss & modification of biologically structured benthic habitats

• Post – Event Water Quality Indicators

Digital maps & forecasts of water quality updated daily until event signature dissipates

Data Requirements for Products

In Situ Measurements

• Continuous Sea level @ sentinel sites Rain fall & river flows Water temperature & salinity Surface currents & wave fields

• Post – event, daily Distribution of water quality

parameters

• Seasonally Validate remote sensing of the

extent of habitats

Remote Sensing

• Continuous Surface currents & wave fields

Sea surface temperature & salinity

• Daily Rain fall & river flows

• Annually Spatial distribution of habitat

buffers

• Digital, high resolution maps @ 5 yr intervals Land – use/cover

Flood zones

Near shore topography & bathymetry

• During the event Time – space extent of flooding

• Post – event , daily Temperature, salinity & ocean color

fields

Reporting

• Near real time Water quality parameters Tides, river flows, rainfall,

currents & waves

• Delayed mode Land – use/cover, flood zones Habitat data Bathymetry – topography Validation

Model Requirements

• High resolution digital elevation models of topography, shoreline position & bathymetry

• Algorithms to compute vulnerability as a function of

Current & predicted seasonal & annual mean sea level Near shore bathymetry – topography Wave fields Spatial distributions of ecological buffers Spatial distribution of land use/cover

• Coastal circulation – wave models

• High resolution digital geospatial models (GIS) of levels of vulnerability

• Maps of water quality parameters

Temperature & salinity Total suspended matter , CDOM & Chlorophyll–a Waterborne pathogens & chemical contaminants

The Call for “Coastal” GOOS: Need for sustained (continuous) provision of data and information on marine ecosystems

• Convention on the Law of the Sea & the 2009 UN session on Oceans and Law of the Sea

• Agreement on the Conservation & Management of Straddling & Highly Migratory Fish Stocks

• Convention on Biological Diversity & the Jakarta Mandate

• Global Program of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land Based Sources

• UNCED Agenda 21, Program of Action for Sustainable Development

• Implementation Plan of the World Summit on Sustainable Development;

• International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships

• Ramsar Convention et al.

Achieving the goals of international conventions & agreements requires sustained observations & models of marine & estuarine ecosystems.

Panel for Integrated Coastal Observations PICO

• Paul DIGIACOMO (Co-Chair), USA NOAA-NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications & Research

• Jose MUELBERT (Co-Chair), Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Oceanografia

• Tom MALONE, USA UMCES Horn Point Laboratory

• John PARSLOW , Australia CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research

• Neville SWEIJD, South Africa Natural Resources & the Environment, Council for Scientific & Industrial

Research

• Helen YAP, Philippines University of the Philippines , The Marine Science Institute

GOOS RAs

• EuroGOOS

• Mediterranean GOOS/MONGOOS

• Black Sea GOOS

• NEAR (North-East Asian Regional) – GOOS

• PI-GOOS

• Indian Ocean GOOS

• IOCARIBE-GOOS

• GOOS-Africa

• USIOOS

• Southeast Asian GOOS(SEA-GOOS)

• OCEATLAN

• GRASP

• IMOS*

Developing Regional Alliances: SAON Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks SOOS Southern Ocean Observing System

Summary of Assessments

• 105 Nations are involved in GOOS

• The majority of the GRAs come together as an association with various governance structures

• Common themes include: coordination of observing systems across member nations, contribution to and advancement of GOOS, exchange and access of oceanographic data, development of downstream services for end-users, and strengthening of capacity building.

• Readiness of the observation network and data management varies from 0-100%, but with the rationale provided gives us a concrete plan on how to advance the capability.

• Modeling capability focus on physical models with several pilot projects that include the coupling of social and ecosystem modeling with physical modeling.

• Nations implement their contributions to GOOS by working with data providers & users in their respective regions to

Specify observing system requirements for products & services Contributing to building the Global Coastal Network Set priorities for capacity building Establish R&D test beds

• Based on user specifications, nations build Regional Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (RCOOSs) by

Integrating existing data streams & data bases as needed, Increasing spatial & temporal resolution of observations &

models & measuring more variables as needed, & by Implementing capacity building & research projects.

Nations & GOOS Regional Alliances Build GOOS

Ocean Color Sea Surface Temperature Sea Surface Height Sea Surface Salinity

Gliders, LIDAR Mooring Ship profile Cruises

Data Processing And Quality Control

Ocean Models Physical Circulation Ecological Model

Forced by atmosphere models Boundary conditions

Ocean Observation “Initialization” and Data Assimilation

Ensemble Forecast Uncertainty

Ocean Nowcast

Ocean 24 and 48 hour

Forecast

phyto absorption

Salinity

Chlorophyll

3d Ocean Ecology Phytoplankton

Courtesy: Bob Arnone

GEO 2012-2015 Workplan Task SB-01 Oceans and Society: Blue Planet

GEO 2012-2015 Workplan Task SB-01 Oceans and Society: Blue Planet

CZCP objectives are to: • Engage coastal users (e.g., managers and decision makers) and data providers to collaborate in the specification of requirements for in situ & remote coastal observations and derived Information products (variables to monitor, time-space resolution, accuracy, rate, forms and delivery methods in which data and derived products are needed); • Evaluate current and projected observational capabilities against these requirements, identifying gaps, redundancies and activities that need to be strengthened; • Promote the development of workshops and “proof of concept” pilot projects that both address these gaps and enable data integration for the provision of new or improved decision support tools; • Promote development or strengthening of networks of institutions globally, regionally, and across Communities of Practice (CPs) that contribute to and benefit from GEOSS; • Advise the GEO Societal Benefits Board, other CPs and GEO on matters relating to coastal zone observations and related societal benefits, and identify priority needs as well as areas for linkage, collaboration and support.

Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP)‏

Coastal Zone Community of Practice website: http://czcp.org/ ‏