Grammar Lesson 12October 14, 2015

Pages 73-74Questions 6-30

ebrazele@echs.orgTutorial: Mondays at ECHS

T/TH/F at K8 room 5 (bldg. 1875)

ReviewNoun Genders

Masculine- biologically male. Uncle, father, Mr. Jones

Feminine- biologically female. Aunt, mother, Mrs. Jones

Indefinite- has biological gender, but gender is unclear. Friend, sibling, student, shark

Neuter- no biological gender. Table, dress, anger, Wednesday.

ReviewCompound and Collective Nouns

Compound- two smaller nouns used as one word or name. Ex: fingernail, doorknob, stairwell, Sea World, trouble maker

Collective noun: Specifies more than one of something. Ex: Team, group, family, set, collection.

Note that collective nouns are not the same as plurals. They are words which specifically tell you there is more than one. Plural nouns are any noun with an e or es attached to show plurality. For example, a plural noun would be students, but a collective noun would be class.

Irregular Verbs: Be, Have, and Do

Be, have, and do are three of the most frequently used words in the English language.The tenses of these verbs are irregular; they do not fit the pattern of regular verbs. Therefore, we must memorize them now if we have not done so already.

Verb forms often change according to three points of view: First person (I or we), second person (you), and third person (he, she, it, they, and singular or plural nouns). The next slide contains charts showing the verb forms of be, have, and do.

Be Present tense

Singular Plural1st person

I am We are

2nd person

You are You are

3rd person

He is They are

Be Past Tense

Singular Plural

1st person

I was We were

2nd person

You were

you were

3rd person

He was They were

Have Present tense

Singular Present

1st person

I have We have

2nd person

You have You have

3rd person

He has They have

Have Past Tense

Singular Plural1st person

I had We had

2nd person

You had You had

3rd person

He had They had

Do Present Tense

Singular Plural

1st person

I do We do

2nd person

You do You do

3rd person

He does They do

Do Past TenseSingular Plural

1st person

I did We did

2nd person

You did You did

3rd person

He did They did

ExamplesComplete each sentence with the correct form of the verb.

Long ago, the writers of the Constitution (past of be) aware of the limitations of Congress. (were) The word writers is plural, and the sentence is past tense (long ago). Past tense plural of “be” is were.

Congress (present of have) an “elastic clause” for any situation not covered by the Constitution. (has) The word Congress is singular, and we are told to put have into present tense. Present tense singular for have is has.

(Do, Does) the Constitution protect citizens from unfair legal action? (does). The word Constitution in singular, and the tense is present. Singular present tense for do is does.

“Bills of attainder” (past of be) prohibited. (were) Bills of attainder is plural, and the past tense for plural of the word be is were.

Directions for lesson 11

Please follow all directions in the book very carefully. Read slowly, don’t skim.

Ask questions!

Pages 73-74Questions 6-30

Due today