Grammar Translation Method (GTM)

7/21/2019 Grammar Translation Method (GTM)

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Grammar translationGrammar translationmethod (GTM)method (GTM)

Loubna OussaidLoubna OussaidCpr MarrakechCpr Marrakech

2010/20112010/2011



Plan Plan • ntroduction• !istorical back"round• Ob#ecti$es• The characteristics o% the GTM

• nteraction• &tudents' / teachers' roles• &tudents' nati$e lan"ua"e• The emphasied skills o% lan"ua"e• Materials and techniues

• Conclusion*ad$anta"es and disad$anta"es o% GTM• +e%erences



Introduction Introduction

,o-ada.s it is -ell kno-n that n"lish isthe most -idel. studied %orei"n lan"ua"e inall o$er the -orld i$e hundreds .ears a"oit -as Latin t -as the dominant lan"ua"eo% education commerce reli"ion and"o$ernment in the 3estern -orld 4ecause

o% some political chan"es in urope it -as"raduall. replaced b. other lan"ua"es



HistoricalHistorical background bac

kground

n the ei"hteenth centur. the modern lan"ua"es enteredthe curriculum o% uropean schools The. -ere tau"ht inthe same -a. that -as used %or teachin" LatinTe5tbooks consisted o% statements o% abstract"rammar rules lists o% $ocabular. and sentences %ortranslation

&peakin" the %orei"n lan"ua"e -as not the "oal -hat-as important is the "rammatical s.stem o% a lan"ua"e

This approach to %orei"n lan"ua"e teachin" becamekno-n as the "rammar translation method t -as alsocalled the classical method since it -as %irst used inteachin" classical lan"ua"es mainl.* Latin and Greek



Objectives O

bjectives • n GTM the ob#ecti$es o% stud.in" a %orei"nlan"ua"e are*

+ead its literature4ene%it %rom the intellectual de$elopment

and mental discipline&tud. "rammar rules to use them in

translationMaster the sentence structure



The characteristics ofThe characteristics of

GTM GTM • The principle characteristics o% GTM are*

Learn a %orei"n lan"ua"e to read its literature

6pproach a lan"ua"e throu"h a detailed anal.siso% its "rammar rules

Learn the %orei"n lan"ua"e "rammar to be %amiliar-ith the nati$e lan"ua"e "rammar then to be

better in readin" and -ritin" it The emphasis is on readin" and -ritin"



7ocabular. are tau"ht throu"h bilin"ual -ord list and

"rammar rules are presented and practiced The sentence is the basic unit o% teachin" andlan"ua"e practice

6ccurac. is emphasied to attain hi"h standards intranslation to be able to pass the %ormal -rittene5ams

Grammar is tau"ht deducti$el. b. presentin" astud.in" "rammar rules that are practiced throu"htranslation e5ercises

The nati$e lan"ua"e is the medium o% instruction o%the ne- items to enable comparison bet-een nati$elan"ua"e and tar"et lan"ua"e



Interaction Interaction The dominant kind o% interaction is*

Teacher8students since the teacher all

the time asks uestions "i$esinstructions and "ets students'ans-ers -ithout an. discussion



Teacher’s rolesTeacher’s roles• Teacher8centred class

• !e is the master

• Gi$es instructions• 6sks uestions

• Corrects mistakes



Students’ rolesStudents’ roles• 9assi$e learners• +ecei$e thin"s

• Memorie• +ead and -rite and ask uestions %rom

time to time i% the. are allo-ed



The use of students’The use of students’

native languagenative lan guage• The teacher e5plains and "i$es

instructions in students' s nati$e

lan"ua"e but it is not e%%ecti$ebecause there -ill happen aninter%erence o% structures o% both

lan"ua"es



The emphasied skillsThe em phasied skills Grammar*

s tau"ht deducti$el. because "rammar

rules are hi"hli"hted and e5plained thenpracticed in some e5ercices The method stresses on %our skills or

lan"ua"e components mainl.*

+eadin" -ritin" "rammar and $ocabular.



Materials andMaterials and

techni!uestechn i!ueso The onl. material that the teacher uses isthe te5t book

o The teacher uses some techniues and

acti$ities in teachin" as* 8 6skin" and ans-erin"8 Translation8 Memoriation

8 9racticin" "rammar rules throu"he5ercises



"onclusion "onclusion



#dvantages of GTM #dvanta ges of GTM • :se%ul %or academic learnin"

• ;e$elop readin" and -ritin" skills

• <no- the literature o% the tar"etlan"ua"e

• Masterin" sentence structure

• 3orks -ith lar"e classes



$isadvantages of GTM $isadvanta ges of GTM • &tudents translate but do not produce

• Little conte5tualiation o% "rammar %or

real communication• rror correction

• ocus on accurac. not %luenc.

• ,e"lects the listenin" and speakin" skills



%eferences%eferences• 6pproaches and Methods in Lan"ua"e

teachin" b. +ichards and +od"ers• Teachin" b. 9rinciples b. ;ou"las

4ro-n

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Grammar Translation Method (GTM)