Graphic Print Production

GraphicPrint Production

SubstratesPrinting Systems & Media

COPYRIGHT©Soamparnee 2012วันอังคารที่ 27 มีนาคม 2012

Graphic Print Production Graphic Design Project

Design

Prepress

Printing

PrintFinishing

Graphic Print Product

วันอังคารที่ 27 มีนาคม 2012

Prepress

Document editing

Stripping - imposition

Image carrier

Proofs

Proofs

Films

Design

Graphic Design Project

Conception of the idea

Graphic proposal

Original document

Pages

No printed product

Proofs

Text Images


Prepress

Document editing

Stripping - imposition

Image carrier

Proofs

Proofs

Films

Printing

PrintFinishing

Graphic Print Product

Digital printingConventional printing

Finishes & !nishing

Delivery


Substrates (วัสดุพิมพ์)• Paper

- Coated paper, Uncoated paper, Art paper, Newsprint, Kraft paper,Recycled paper, Card stock, Cardboard...etc.

• Fabric

• Metal• Glass• Others

- Ceramic, Leather, Cock, Rubber, Wood, Stone,.....etc.


The most common 50-100 g 100-150 g 150-200 g 200-400 g

Gloss/matt coating Magazines, Books, Posters

Brochures, Catalogues Covers, Cards

Offset paper Books, Letters, Envelopes

Newsprint Newspapers, Magazines

Paperboard Postcards, Covers

Boxboard/Cardboard Boxes, Covers

Creative papers Letters, Envelopes

Brochures, Catalogues

Cards, Invitations

• Paper : commonly used


Printing System

• Image carrier system- แบ่งตามลักษณะของแม่พิมพ์

Planographic Relief Bas-relief

Planographic แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ

Relief แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน

Bas-relief แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก


Printing System

• Image carrier system- แบ่งตามลักษณะของแม่พิมพ์

Planographic Relief Bas-relief Planographic แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ

Relief แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน

Bas-relief แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก

Offset printingScreen printing

Letterpress printing

Flexography printing

Gravure printingPad printing


Printing System

• Image carrier system- แบ่งตามการถ่ายทอดหมึก (จากแม่พิมพ์สู่วัสดุพิมพ์)

Direct image carrier ถ่ายทอดโดยตรง

Indirect image carrier ถ่ายทอดผ่านตัวกลาง

Offset printingPad printing

Letterpress printing

Screen printingGravure printing

Flexography printing


Planographic PrintingOffset (Lithography) printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ

Lithography works on the principal that oil and water doesn't mix. Unlike other printing processes that work by the ink either being applied to raised areas or pushed into recesses, lithography uses a smooth plate with oil or gum arabic to make hydrophobic (water repelling) regions that attract ink and hydrophilic (water attracting) regions that reject it. As the press runs, there is a roller that "rst wets the plate cylinder to charge the plate. It is then inked using the inking roller.

What makes the offset process different from standard lithography is that the images is "rst placed onto a blanket cylinder that then prints the image onto the paper. The advantage of this is that the soft rubber of the blanket creates a much sharper image than when the paper is printed directly from the stone or plate. Today, offset printing is the most common form of printing used in high-volume commercial printing.

Indirect image carrier


Planographic Printing Offset (Lithography) printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ


Planographic Printing Offset (Lithography) printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cGyKdvT1fV4&feature=related




Planographic Printing Offset (Lithography) printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ• Image quality

- Sharp, High-quality images- Can produce up to 200-300 lpi (screen rulings)

• Media feed- Individual sheets (sheet-fed offset)- Rolls of paper (web-fed offset)


Planographic Printing Offset (Lithography) printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นราบ• Makeready and Print runs

- Makeready is a laborious task (web-fed : high initial fixed cost)

- Cost effective : 500-1000 in sheet-fed, 15,000 in web-fed

• Common substrates- All kinds of paper and card stock up to 400 g.

- Sheet-fed is used for all kinds of commercial printing and publications- Web-fed is used for newspaper and magazine with large print runs


Planographic Printing Screen printing : แม่พิมพ์สกรีน (Silk screen)

A squeegee is pulled across a silk screen to which a stencil has been applied, forcing the ink onto the surface of the paper or substrate. More labor intensive than offset, screen printing is used for printing on surfaces not accommodated on an offest press, such as fabric, industrial papers, acrylic and metal. The process can be done by hand or machine. Halftone screens need to be coarse, ranging from 65 to 85lpi. Often used for printing signage, bottled garments and other unusual shapes and surfaces.

Direct image carrier








• Image quality- Depend on the fiber of woven screen- Can produce up to 150 lpi (screen rulings)

• Media feed- Individual sheets (sheet-fed)- Individual objects (3D object)



• Makeready and Print runs- Makeready is a quick process- Cost effective : 100 copies (if not many colors are printed)

• Common substrates- Paper, Fabric, Glass, Plastic, Metal, Wood, etc.- Including curved objects


Relief PrintingLetterpress printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน

Letterpress is one of the oldest forms of mechanical printing. In essence, the printing plate consists of raised areas that are inked and then printed onto the page. This is the type of press developed by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. Other types of historical letterpress include the monotype, a form of movable type that was hand placed into a wooden block by hand, and the linotype, which would use steel metal blanks to cast single lines of type in lead slugs. These printing presses are still available and are run by many schools and historic printers.

Modern letterpress uses photo-polymer plates that are exposed and developed using a photographic process. Many newspapers and other long run, quick turnaround printing is printed using letterpress.



Relief Printing Letterpress printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน


Relief Printing Letterpress printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน

Rotary Flatbed Platen

http://www.myprintguide.org/glossary/definition.php?term=Letterpress




Relief Printing Letterpress printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน• Image quality

- Depend on the fiber of woven screen- Can produce up to 150 lpi (screen rulings)

• Media feed- Individual sheets (sheet-fed)- Individual objects (3D object)


Relief Printing Letterpress printing : แม่พิมพ์พื้นนูน• Makeready and Print runs

- Makeready is a quick process- Cost effective : 100 copies (if not many colors are printed)

• Common substrates- Paper, Fabric, Glass, Plastic, Metal, Wood, etc.- Including curved objects


Relief Printing Flexography printing : แม่พิมพ์เฟล็กโซ

Flexography is similar to letterpress in that the image is printed onto the paper by inking the raised areas of the plate and then pressing the pate directly to the paper. The main difference is that plate itself is produced from a rubber or other #exible material like photopolymer resin and has a relatively deep relief. This process is used primarily for printing corrugated boxes and plastic packaging, and produces a distinctive ring or halo around the printed image when the plates are compressed to heavily.







Relief Printing Flexography printing : แม่พิมพ์เฟล็กโซ• Image quality

- Equally smooth tonal gradations and even sharper, brighter colours

- Can produce up to 175 lpi (screen rulings)

• Media feed- Rolls of paper (web-fed with variable width)


Relief Printing Flexography printing : แม่พิมพ์เฟล็กโซ• Makeready and Print runs

- Makeready is relatively short and the plates are not too expensive

- Cost effective : 1,000 copies

• Common substrates- Can used on rigid, flexible and curved substrates

- Many different materials : Paper, card stock, cardboard, adhesive, plastic, etc.

- Commonly used for packaging and containers


Bas-relief PrintingGravure printing : แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก

Gravure is a printing process that is used mainly for long run items such as mail order catalogues, magazines and newspaper advertisements. The gravure printing plate consists of a copper cylinder that is engraved with the image to be printed. As the machine prints, the gravure plate is inked from a well and the excess ink is removed from the raised surface of the plate using a doctor blade. The image is then printed on the paper, which is usually fed from a large roll.



Bas-relief Printing Gravure printing : แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก


Bas-relief Printing Gravure printing : แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก• Image quality

- Can produce images with great precision and sharpness- Can produce up to 200 lpi (screen rulings)

• Media feed- Rolls of paper (web-fed)


Bas-relief Printing Gravure printing : แม่พิมพ์ร่องลึก• Makeready and Print runs

- Makeready is very laborious

- Cost effective : 200,000 or more copies

• Common substrates- Paper and cardboard

- Commonly used for packaging and labels, magazine or supplement and catalogue with large print runs


Bas-relief Printing Pad printing : แม่พิมพ์รูปถ้วย


Pad printing is a relatively simple and cheap process for printing in one color. Multi-color designs can however be made by sequentially overprinting with fast curing inks. Color registration is fair to good, depending on the equipment. The resolution of detail is "ne to medium.








Printing System

• Systems without image carriers- Digital printing


Digital Printing

Digital printing really refers to any printing process where the image is created by computers. This may be anything from a inkjet printer, Or a direct to plate printer that creates temporary plates for each job that is run over the press. The process shown is laser printing, which is one of the most popular commercial methods for producing full color prints.

Laser printing works similarly to xerography, in that it is based on the principal that like charged particles repel and differently charged ones attract. A silicone composite photoreceptor belt is passed under an electrostatic charger that gives the entire belt a negative charge. A laser then focuses light on speci"c areas of the belt to reverse the charge and therefore create the image. Dry ink, or toner, which is plastic particles mixed with an agent to give them a negative charge, is then applied to the belt and sticks to the positively charged areas.

Inkjet or Laser printing


Digital Printing Digital Laser printing


Digital Printing Digital Laser printing


Systems without image carriers

Digital Laser printing

• Image quality- Vary quality, the high quality printer can produce the same sharpness

as offset printing

• Media feed- Individual sheet (sheet-fed)


• Makeready and Print runs- Makeready is very fast- Suitable for very short print runs

• Common substrates- Paper with a weight not above 300-350 g.- Short print runs for commercial printing and publishing

Systems without image carriers Digital Laser printing


Digital Printing Digital Inkjet printing


Digital Printing Digital Inkjet printing


Systems without image carriers Digital Inkjet printing

• Image quality- Depends on the print solution (normally between 700 and 1,200

or 2,400 dpi)- Depends on the substrate and distance for viewing

• Media feed- Individual sheet (sheet-fed)

- Rolls of paper (web-fed plotter)


• Makeready and Print runs- Makeready is not expensive

- Suitable for very short print runs (slow printing system)

• Common substrates- Paper, vinyl, canvas or other textiles (in web-fed plotter)

- Wood, plastic or cloth (in flatbed plotter)- Short print runs for poster, signpost, outdoor advertising, billboard, etc.

Systems without image Digital Inkjet printing


Documents

Graphic Print Production