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Greats of Psychology5 Important Theories

PSY 20

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LOGO Hall of Fame: Psychologists

1. Sigmund Freud 1. Sigmund Freud

2. Carl Jung2. Carl Jung

3. Erik Erikson3. Erik Erikson

4. Carl Rogers4. Carl Rogers

5. John B. Watson5. John B. Watson

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SigmundFreud1856-1939

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LOGORole of the Unconscious

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We are driven by animal impulses: food, sex, and aggressionWe seek pleasure to avoid pain

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What would Freud say life is?

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LOGO Question

Freud believed that we all have "primitive selves" that we never really conquer—in fact, he believed that these primitive selves were essential to our personalities.

Do you agree? Why or why not?

Can you think of any other explanations for the more "savage" sides of human behavior?

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LOGO Freud’s Concept of your MIND

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LOGO ID

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LOGO ID Too strong?

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LOGO Superego

This is the component of the psyche that holds your morals, its what lets you function in society. Basically this is our sense of right and wrong, and it works to suppress the urges of the id and the compromising ego

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LOGO Superego too strong?

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LOGO EgoReality PrincipleWorks to satisfy the id’s desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways.

Weights the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon impulses.

Delayed gratification bay be used

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LOGO Example of EGO

-Sports agent for a really talented athlete is the EGO

-Negotiates

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Ego too strong?

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LOGO APPLICATION

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LOGO What does the term anal retentive mean?

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Carl Jung

1875-1961

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LOGO Jung’s Unconscious:Well containing mystical and religious beliefs that control your behaviour

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LOGOArchetypes

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LOGO Collective Unconscious

We each inherit a set of beliefs.Without knowing it, we imitate these concepts and develop personalities to fit them.

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LOGOPersona

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LOGO How are Freud and Jung different?

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LOGO Archetypes Activity

Handout

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LOGO Psychoanalysis

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LOGO Project Implicit

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LOGO Erik Erikson 1902-1994

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LOGOTrust vs. Mistrust birth to 2 years

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Autonomy vs. Shame

1.5-3 years old

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LOGOInitiative vs. Guilt 3 to 5 years

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12-18 years oldIdentity vs. Role Confusion

Adolescence

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LOGO The kids

35 to 55 years oldMiddle to late adulthood

MeaninglessnessVs.

Generativity

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LOGO Social Psychoanalysis

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LOGO Carl Rogers, 1902-1987

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How do these flowers express Rogers’ beliefs about humans?

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HUMANISTIC

EXPERIMENT

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LOGO Experiment of the Day

Is this a good experiment?Zimbardo

Obedience to authority

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LOGO John Watson 1878-1958

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LOGOBehaviourist: study only things you can observe

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LOGO Why is scared of heights?

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LOGOSpidey associates heights with something bad.

heights death

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LOGO Dr. Watson’s Phobia Factory

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LOGOHow would you make a baby scared of rabbits and rats? You can be an unethical as you want.

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LOGO IVAN PAVLOV (1849-1936)

Make the dog salivate

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LOGO Who Said this? Game

"When making a decision of minor importance, I have always found it advantageous to consider all the pros and cons. In vital matters, however, such as the choice of a mate or a profession,t he decision should come from the unconscious, from somewhere within ourselves. In the important decisions of personal life, we should be governed, I think, by the deep inner needs ofour nature."

Sigmund Freud

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LOGO Who said this game

Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own special world to bring them up in, and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select-doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and yes, beggerman and thief.

John Watson

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Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves.

Carl Jung

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LOGO Carl Jung

If one does not understand a person, one tends to regard him as a fool.

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LOGO Erik Erikson

Children love and want to be loved and they very much prefer the joy of accomplishment to the triumph of hateful failure. Do not mistake a child for his symptom.

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LOGO Erik Erikson

Doubt is the brother of shame.

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LOGO Carl Rogers

The curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change

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LOGO Carl Rogers

The good life is a process, not a state of being. It is a direction not a destination.

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LOGO Carl Rogers

The only person who is educated is the one who has learned how to learn and change.

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LOGO Sigmund Freud

Flowers are restful to look at. They have neither emotions nor conflicts.

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LOGO Carl Jung

Even a happy life cannot be without a measure of darkness, and the word happy would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by sadness. It is far better take things as they come along with patience and equanimity.

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LOGO Pick a song for each Psychology Great

Title of the Song

Reason#1

Reason #1Reason#2

TEXT

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LOGO Who am I?

Class Time Involved: Approximately 15 minutesMaterials Needed: Names of psychologists covered in class (one name for each student)

Procedure: Tape a psychologist’s name on the back of the students as they come into class.Do not let them see the name on their own back. Either with the entire class or in small groups have the students one at a time ask no more than ten “yes” and “no” questions in an attempt to figure out who they are.

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