Group I Mains Explanation

FULL TEST-1

PAPER-1

3 Marks

Unit - I (History)

1. What is Simla agreement of 1972?

a. Signedat Shimla, India, by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the President of

Pakistan, and Indira Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India on the night

of July 2nd, 1972.

b. The agreement was much more than a peace treaty seeking to reverse

the consequences of the 1971 war (i.e. to bring about withdrawals of

troops and an exchange of PoWs).

c. For India, some of the favourable outcomes with this agreement are:

d. The agreement paved the way for diplomatic recognition of

Bangladesh by Pakistan.

e. The agreement converted the cease-fire line of December 17, 1971

into the ‗Line of Control (LOC)‘ between India and Pakistan.

2. Discuss the achievements of Lord Dalhousie.

a. The ‗Non-Regulation System‖ under which commissioners were appointed to deal with the administrative problems.

b. A new ―Irregular Force‖ was also formed and posted in Punjab. These regiments proved to be of great assistance to the British during the

revolt of 1857-58.

c. He was the father of Indian Railways

d. In 1852 Dalhousie introduced the Electric Telegraph System in India.

e. In 1854 a new Post Office Act was passed

f. A separate Public Works Department was established by Lord

Dalhousie.

g. Dalhousie abolished female infanticide which was prevalent among

the Rajputs of higher castes. He also abolished the practice of human

sacrifice practiced by the khonds of Orissa, Madras and Central

Provinces

3. Write a note on Tebhaga movement.

a. In late 1946, the bhagadars challenged the prevailed system of share

cropping. They asserted that they would not pay half of the produce

but only one-third of the produce and also before the share of the

produce, it should be stored in their godowns (also called as khamars)

and not that of jotedars.

b. he sharecroppers were encouraged by the FloudCommision which had

already recommended their demand to the government. The

movement was led by the AllIndia Kisan Sabha, the peasant wing of

CPI.

4. What is Atlee statement? Why it is important?

a. The Prime Minister of Britain Clement Atlee declared on February 20,

1947 in the House of Commons that the British would quit India after

transferringpower into the responsible hand not later than June

1948.

b. The idea was that the Indians should settle their issues before that.

c. He also announced theappointment of Lord Mountabatten as Viceroy

in place of Lord Wavell.

5. Give an account on Karachi session of 1931.

a. The Karachi session was presided by Sardar Patel.

b. The congress adopted a resolution on Fundamental Rights and

Economic Policy which represented the Party‘s Social, Economic and Political programme.

c. It was later known as Karachi Resolution.

d. The Gandhi Irwin Pact was endorsed by the Congress in the Karachi

Session of 1931, that was held from March 26-31.

e. Gandhi was nominated to represent Congress in the Second Round

Table Conference.

6. What do you know about Badshah Khan?

a. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, later known as Badshah, or King, was

born in 1890

b. He started the Khudai Khidmatgar movement (Servants of God).

c. Khudai Khidmatgar movement was a non-violent freedom struggle

against the British Empireby the Pashtuns or Pathans of the North-

West Frontier Province led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.

d. The Khudai Khidmatgar was founded on a belief in the power of

Gandhi‘s notion of Satyagraha, The volunteers of Khudai Khidmatgar

movement were also known as ―Surkho Posh‖ or ―Red shirts‖ and it was initiallya social reform organization focusing on education and

the elimination of blood feuds from Afghan society but turned more

political later.

7. What is Delhi Manifesto?

a. On November 2, 1929, a conference of prominent national leaders

including Gandhi issued a ―Delhi Manifesto‖ which demanded: b. That the purpose of the Round Table Conferences (RTC), promised by

Lord Irwin, should be to formulate a scheme for implementation of the

dominion status;

c. that the Congress should have majority representation at the

conference;

d. amnesty and a general policy of conciliation;

e. Viceroy Irwin rejected these demands on December 23, 1929, which

led to the demand of Purna swaraj in Lahore session of INC.

8. Discuss about the Swatantra party.

a. The Swatantra Party was an Indian classical liberal political party that

existed from 1959 to 1974.

b. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was

the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's

increasingly socialist and statist outlook

9. How Young Bengal movement is important in socio-cultural reforms?

a. Derozio promoted radical ideas through his teachings and by

organizing an association for debates and discussions on Literature,

History, Philosophy and Science.

b. Derozio wanted to spread intellectual revolution among young

students.

c. He was a great propounder of liberal thinking.

d. He was supporter of ‗Freedom of Speech, Thought and Education of Women‘.

e. Defied social and religious conventions.

f. He stated that radical views were the roots of religious philosophy.

g. He ridiculed old social traditions and customs, and debated the

existence of God.

10. What is Kalamkari and Madhubani?

a. Kalamkari is an ancient style of hand painting done on cotton or silk

fabric with a tamarind pen, using natural dyes. The word Kalamkari

is derived from a Persian word where ‗kalam‗ means pen and ‗kari‗ refers to craftsmanship.

b. Under the Golconda sultanate, this art flourished at Machilipatnam in

the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh and furtherwas promoted

during the 18th century, as a decorative design on clothing by

Britishers in India.

c. Madhubaniis practiced in the Mithila region of Bihar and Nepal, it is

called Mithila or Madhubani art.

d. Often characterized by complex geometrical patterns, these paintings

are known for representing ritual content for particular occasions,

including festivals, religious rituals, etc.

e. The colors used in Madhubani paintings are usually derived from

plants and other natural sources

11. Write about the importance of SangeetNatak Academy

a. SangeetNatak Academy, New Delhi is popularly known as the National

Academy for Music, Dance and Drama in English.TheSangeetNatak

Academy, New Delhi was established by the Indian education ministry

in May 31, 1952.

b. It is a national level academy for performing arts.

c. This academy not only helps to preserve the vast cultural heritage of

India, but also and promotes the various forms of music, dance and

drama. This academy in New Delhi establishes and maintains

institutions and projects of national importance

Unit - II (Socio Economic Issues)

12. Explain the term Globalization. How it is different from localization?

a. It is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the

world‘s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by

cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of

investment, people, and information.

b. Localization is the process of customizing your application for a given

culture and locale.

13. Define the term Food Security.

a. Food security, as defined by the United Nations‘ Committee on World Food Security, means that all people, at all times, have physical,

social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food

that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and

healthy life.

14. What do you understand by the term Secondary Poverty?

a. It is a description of poverty referring to those living below the poverty

line whose income was sufficient for them to live above the line, but

was spent on things other than the necessities of life.

15. What is the mandate of the RURABN Mission India? What is the earlier

version of this scheme?

a. The vision statement of SPMRM is "Development of a cluster of

villages that preserve and nurture the essence of rural community life

with focus on equity and inclusiveness without compromising with

the facilities perceived to be essentially urban in nature, thus creating

a cluster of "Rurban villages".

b. The objective of the National Rurban Mission (NRuM) is to stimulate

local economic development, enhance basic services, and create well

planned Rurban clusters.

c. Earlier version was PURA (Provision of Urban Amenities to Rural

Areas) - This concept was given by former president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul

Kalam

16. In India, Which of the States have been given the Special Category Status

by the Union Government?

a. Special Category States (SCS) have some common characteristics like

hilly and difficult terrain, low population density and /or sizable share

of tribal population, strategic location along borders with

neighbouring countries, economic and infrastructural backwardness

and non-viable nature of state finances etc., which necessitates

special considerations while framing policy.

b. States under this category have a low resource base and are not in a

position to mobilize resources for their developmental needs even

though their per capita income may appear high.

c. National Development Council (NDC) has accorded 11 states.

d. They are seven States of North-Eastern region (Arunachal Pradesh,

Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura),

Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

e. Other states are referred as General Category States (GCS).

17. Why the term Red Corridor is being used in India?

a. The Red Corridor is the region in the eastern, central and the

southern parts of India that experience considerable Naxalite–Maoist

insurgency.

b. It is spanning across 106 districts in 10 States, namely Bihar,

Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, West

Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

c. These are also areas that suffer from the greatest illiteracy, poverty

and overpopulation in modern India.

18. Write a short note on Tamilnadu Government‘s Reservation Policy.

69% Rule of Reservation

Open Competition 31.00 %

Backward Class 26.50 %

Backward Class Muslim 3.50 %

Most Backward Class & Denotified Communities 20.00 %

Scheduled Caste * 15.00 %

Scheduled Caste (Arunthathiyars) * 3.00 %

Scheduled Tribes 1.00 %

19. What are the parameters used for the Population Growth of the

particular region?

a. Birth Rate, Death Rate, Addition of Immigration, Deduction of

Emigration

20. What is the link between Gandhi and Sanitation?

a. Sanitation is more important than Independence

b. Mahatma Gandhi said "Sanitation is more important than

independence". He made cleanliness and sanitation an integral part of

the Gandhian way of living.

c. His dream was total sanitation for all. Cleanliness is most important

for physical well-being and a healthy environment.

d. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) or Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) is a

nation-wide campaign in India for the period 2014 to 2019 that aims

to clean up the streets, roads and infrastructure of India's cities,

towns, and rural areas.

e. Run by the Government of India, the mission aims to achieve an

"open-defecation free" (ODF) India by 2 October 2019, the 150th

anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi.

21. List out the major objectives of the Mid-Day Meal Scheme being

implemented in Tamilnadu.

a. Satisfies the hunger of many children.

b. Supplies nutritious food to poor children which helps them to

concentrate on studies better.

c. Students come to government schools daily and won't be asked to do

labour work.

d. Reduce school dropouts

e. Reduces illiteracy

f. Promotes socialization – habit of eating together

g. Offers great employment opportunists – noon meal organizers

h. Benefits for local economy – purchasing food commodities

i. Reduces India‘s poor performance in various indicators – HDI. Hunger

Index, Poverty Index, Gender Inequality Index

22. Write a short note on Amma Baby Care Kit scheme.

a. The kit carries 16 types of products worth 1000 rupees meant for

baby care

b. The kit containing 16 items including a baby towel, dress, bed,

mosquito net, napkin, oil, baby soap, bath soap, soap box, liquid

sanitizer, nail cutter, gilugiluppai (rattle), doll,SowbhaghyaLegiyam(a

medicinal preparation to improve mother‘s health).

23. What are the major kinds of Minorites in India as per the Law book? List

out religious minorities in India recognized by the Government of India.

a. As per the constitution of India, Under Article 30, there are two kinds

of Minorities – Religion and Language

b. Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Zoroastrians, Parsis and Jains

have been notified as the minority communities in the Gazette of India

under Section 2(c) of the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992

24. What are the major schemes available for the Entrepreneurship

development in India?

a. Make in India

b. Startup India

c. Stand up India

d. Skill India

e. Digital India

f. Atal Innovation Mission

g. INSPIRE scheme - Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research

h. IMPRINT scheme - Impacting Research Innovation and Technology

i. Promoting Innovations in Individuals Start-ups and MSME (PRISM)

j. Science for Equity Empowerment and Development (SEED)

k. Aspire (Scheme for promotion of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and

Agro - Industry)

l. New Entrepreneur cum Enterprise Development Scheme (NEEDS) in

Tamilnadu

m. MUDRA scheme

Unit III (Mental Ability)

25. The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20. The largest of these number is Let the Numbers be x, x +1, x +2, x +3, x +4, x +5 and x +6

then, 1 2 3 4 5 67

x x x x x x x = 20

7 217

x = 20

7 21x = 140

x = 17

The largest number = x + 6 = 23

26. In limestone, 40% is calcium and the rest is corbon and oxygen. If in 20 kg of limestone, there is 9.4 kg of oxygen, then what is the percentage of Carbon in it?

Percentage of Oxygen = 9.4 10020

= 47%

Percentage of Carbon = [100-(40+47)] = 13%

27. A scored 30% Marks and failed by 15 marks B scored 40% marks and obtained 35 marks more than the required mark to pass. The pass percentage is Let x be the Full Mark

then 30 15100

x = 40 35100

x

15 + 35 = 40 30100 100

x x

x = 500

Pass Mark = 30 500 15100

= 165

Pass Percentage = 165 100500

= 33%

28. State Baye‘s Law. Bayes Theorem : i) Mathematical Formula to determine conditional probability

ii) to revise probability based on New information and to determine the probability that a particular effect was due to specific cause.

APB

= P(A B)

P(B)

29. Six bells commence together and toll at the intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12

seconds respectively. In 30 minutes, How many times do they toll

together?

L.C.M. of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 is 120

So the bell toll together every 120 sec

i.e. 2 Mints

In 30 Min, they toll together 30 12

= 16 times

30. The ratio of the number of boys and girls in a school of 720 students is 7

: 5. How many more girls should be admitted to make the ratio 1 : 1 ?

No. of boys = 772012

= 420

No. of girls = (720 420)

= 300

Let the required No. of girls be x then, 420300 x = 1

x = 120

31. What is mean by Encryption and Decryption?

Encryption

Process of translating the Plain text data into random and mangled data.

Decryption

1. It is the reverse process of converting the cipher - tet back to plain

text.

32. What is mean by Cookies?

i) It is a small piece of data sent from website and stored ont he user‘s computer memory.

ii) to be a reliable mechanism for website to remember stateful

information.

33. Convert 10(65) into its equivalent Binary Number.

10 (2)

265

232 1

216 0

28 0 (65) 1000001

2 4 0

22 0

21 0

34. 10 m 10 m 5 m பருானம் க ாண்ட ஒரு அறைில் றைக் க்கூடி நீளான

தடிின் நீளம் என்ன?

The length of the longest rod that can be placed in a room of dimensions

10 m 10 m 5 m is

Required length = 2 2 2

(10) (10) (5)

= 225

= 15 m.

8 Marks

Unit - I (History)

35. Discuss briefly about the Cripps mission, its proposal and the failure of

the mission.

The Cripps Mission was sent by the British government to India in March

1942 to obtain Indian cooperation for the British war efforts in the 2nd

World War. It was headed by Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, a labour

minister in Winston Churchill‘s coalition government in Britain. Causes:

a. Japan was advancing outside the eastern borders of India and the fall

of Burma was a jolt to the British in the war. The threat of a Japanese

invasion on India was looming and Indian support was essential for

Britain‘s war efforts. b. When the 2nd World War broke out in 1939, the Viceroy Lord

Linlithgow declared India a party to the war as part of the British

Empire. This was done without consultation with Indians and this led

to massive protests from the Congress Party. The party leaders, who

were heading 7 provincial governments resigned from their posts. The

Muslim League celebrated it as ‗Deliverance Day‘. c. Britain was facing pressure from the US and other allied leaders over

its own imperial policies in India and also to secure Indian

cooperation for the Allied war effort. This also led the British

government to send Cripps to India.

Proposal:

a. Setting up of an Indian dominion. This dominion would have the

freedom to remain with the British Commonwealth or to secede from

it. It would also be at liberty to take part in international

organisations.

b. A Constituent Assembly would be formed to frame a new constitution

for the country. This Assembly would have members elected by the

provincial assemblies and also nominated by the princes.

c. Any province unwilling to join the Indian dominion could form a

separate union and have a separate constitution.

d. The transfer of power and the rights of minorities would be

safeguarded by negotiations between the Constituent Assembly and

the British government.

e. In the meantime until this new constitution came into force, India‘s defence would be controlled by the British and the powers of the

Governor-General would remain unaltered.

Significance:

a. For the first time, the British government acknowledged India‘s right to be a dominion.

b. Indians could frame their own Constitution.

c. The proposal of giving freedom to the provinces to be a separate union

turned out to be a model for the country‘s partition in 1947. d. The right to cede from the Commonwealth indicated full sovereignty at

a later stage.

e. In the interim period, Indians were guaranteed a good share in the

administration.

Failure:

a. The proposals were seen as too radical by the British and as too

conservative by the INC who wanted complete independence.

b. The Mission was rejected by the INC, the Muslim League and other

Indian groups.

36. Write about Indo –Pakistan War and Tashkent Agreement.

The Indo-Pak War of 1965 was the culmination of a series of disputes

between India and Pakistan.

Reasons:

a. The partition of India even led to dispute over sharing of river waters.

The water of nearly all the rivers – Indus, Chenab, Sutlej, Beas, and

Ravi flowed from India. In 1948 India stopped water of these rivers.

b. A dispute ensued and the Indus Water Treaty of 1960 signed between Nehru

and Ayub Khan. After this Pakistan was to use waters of Jhelum,

Chenab and Indus while India was to use the waters of Sutlej, Beas

and Ravi.

c. Then boundary commission tried to settle the border dispute. Dispute

ensued over Rann of Kutch in 1965 Pakistan attacked near Kutch

border. India referred dispute to UN. Seeing this as India‘s weakness, Pakistan tried to outrage Kashmir. On 5 August, 1965 Pakistan

stationed troops along the LOC.

Effects:

d. The War began following Pakistan‘s Operation Gibraltar, which was

designed to infiltrate irregular ―Jihadi‖ forces into J & K to precipitate

an insurgency against rule by India.

e. War ended in a United Nations mandated ceasefire and the

subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration.

f. Tashkent Declaration was signed between President Ayub Khan of

Pakistan and Shastri an Indian Premier to solve all the disputes

bilaterally and strive to live in peace. This agreement was signed

on January 10, 1966.

37. Write about the peasant revolt after 1900s.

a. The Kisan Sabha movement, Awadh

b. Eka Movement

c. Mappila rebellion

d. Bardoli Sathyagraha

38. Give an account on Arya Samaj and its contribution

Context:

a. Swami Dayanand Saraswati (1824-1883), was more than just a

religious leader.

b. The founder of the Hindu reform organisation Arya Samaj, he left a

deep impact on the Indian society and the concept of religion

c. For his logical, scientific and critical analysis of religious faiths and

for bringing a revolution in the notion of divinity, he was given the

epithet of Maharishi and is considered as one of the ‗Makers of Modern India‘.

His teachings are equally relevant in today‘s times.

Establishing the Arya Samaj

a. Swami Dayanand established the Arya Samaj on April 7, 1875 in

Bombay, with 10 principles that are beautifully based purely on God,

soul and nature.

b. The organisation brought about immense changes in the religious

perceptions of Indians.

c. By establishing this community, he enshrined the idea that ―all

actions should be performed with the prime objective of

benefiting mankind―, as opposed to following dogmatic rituals of revering idols and symbols.

Dayanand’s motive

a. Dayanand Saraswati‘s main message was for the Hindus to go back to the roots of their religion, which are the Vedas.

b. By doing this, he felt that Hindus would be able to improve the

depressive religious, social, political, and economic conditions

prevailing in the country at the time.

Swami Dayanand’s role in politics

a. Although he was never really involved in politics directly, his political

observations were the source of inspiration for a number of political

leaders during India‘s struggle for independence. b. For instance, he was the first to give the call for ‗Swarajya‗ as ‗India for

Indians‗ in 1876, later taken up by Lokmanya Tilak.

c. One of his most influential works is the book Satyarth Prakash, which

contributed to the Indian independence movement.

d. His followers include Sri Aurobindo, S Radhakrishnan and Baba

Ramdev.

Educative reforms by Dayanand Saraswati

a. Swami Dayanand Saraswati brought about a complete overhaul of the

education system of India by introducing Anglo-Vedic schools to offer

students an updated curriculum — imparting both the knowledge of

the Vedas and contemporary English education.

Dayanand questioned religion ahead of time

a. His logical, scientific and critical analysis of faiths like Christianity

and Islam as well as Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism, opened the

eyes of many.

b. He voiced his opinions against idolatry and the pointless emphasis on

empty ritualism, and stood against manmade dictates such as caste

by birth and women-exclusion from reading Vedas.

39. Discuss about Anglo- Sikh wars in detail. First Anglo-Sikh War (1845 – 1846)

a. Major Broad was placed in Amritsar as the East India Company‘s agent in 1843.

b. The British were closely watching the developments in the Punjab

political front and had territorial ambitions there as in other parts of

the subcontinent.

c. The Sikh forces crossed the Sutlej in December 1845 and took

offensive positions against the English forces.

d. Subsequently, battles were fought in different places and the English

victory at Sobraon led to the signing of the Lahore Treaty in 1846

which ended the war.

Treaty of Lahore, 1846

a. Maharaja Duleep Singh, who was the ruler of Punjab was to remain

its ruler with his mother JindanKaur as regent.

b. The Sikhs had to cede the Jalandhar Doab to the British.

c. The Sikhs were also asked to pay a very huge war indemnity to the

English. But since they could not pay all of it, part of it was paid and

to make up for the remaining, Kashmir, Hazarah and all territories

between the Beas and the Indus Rivers were given to the English.

d. The Sikhs were to limit their army to a certain number.

e. Also, a British Resident, Sir Henry Lawrence was appointed to the

Sikh court.

Causes of the Second Anglo-Sikh War

a. The humiliation caused by the first Anglo-Sikh war wherein the Sikh

Empire had lost some territories to the British East India Company.

b. The Sikh regent, Maharani JindanKaur was not treated properly by

the British.

c. She was removed from Lahore on conspiracy charges against the

British resident in Lahore.

d. Multan was a part of the Sikh Empire when Maharaja Ranjit Singh

had captured it in 1818.

e. Multan was governed by Dewan Mulraj. He resented the Lahore

Court‘s (capital of the Sikh Empire but controlled by the British resident since the first Anglo-Sikh war) demand for increased tax

assessment and revenues.

f. The British Resident at that time was Sir Frederick Currie. He

undermined Mulraj and imposed another governor Sardar Kahan

Singh along with a British agent Patrick Vans Agnew.

g. In 1848, Vans Agnew and another officer who arrived in Multan to

take charge were murdered by Mulraj‘s troops. h. This news led to unrest in Punjab and many Sikh soldiers joined the

rebel forces against the British.

Course of the Second Anglo-Sikh War

a. Battles were fought in Ramnagar and Chilianwala.

b. The battle at Ramnagar was indecisive whereas the Sikhs won at

Chilianwala.

c. The final battle was fought at Gujrat near Chenab (not the present

Indian state Gujarat) in 1849. This was won by the British forces.

d. The Afghan forces under Dost Mohammad Khan had joined the Sikhs‘ side.

Results of Second Anglo Sikh War

Results of the Second Anglo-Sikh War

a. Punjab was annexed by the British in March 1849 (under Lord

Dalhousie) as per the Treaty of Lahore.

b. The eleven-year-old Maharaja, Duleep Singh was pensioned off to

England.

c. JindKaur was separated from her son the Maharaja and taken to

Firozpur. Her allowance was reduced to a meagre amount and her

jewels and money confiscated.

d. Sir John Lawrence was appointed as the first Chief Commissioner of

Punjab to take care of the administration.

e. Dalhousie was recognised for his role in the annexation of Punjab to

the British and was made a Marquis.

f. The famous Koh-i-Noor diamond went into British hands. It was in

possession of Maharaja Ranjit Singh who had willed it to the Puri

Jagannath Temple of Odisha but his will was not executed by the

British. They say it was acquired as part of the Treaty of Lahore after

the second Anglo-Sikh war.

Unit - II (Socio Economic Issues)

40. What do you understand by the term Population Density? What is India‘s population Density? Why it is not uniform in India across the states?

a. a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume

b. usually shown as the number of people per square kilometer.

c. India – 412

d. Reasons for variation

i. Low birth and high death rates areas.

ii. Topography Rugged terrain and

iii. unfavorable climatic conditions

iv. Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain,

v. moderate to low rainfall

vi. shallow and less fertile soil.

vii. Available of rivers

viii. Employment opportunities

ix. Snow regions

x. Fertile plains

xi. Development prospects

xii. Availability of education and health facilities

xiii. Distribution of natural resources

xiv. Distribution of Industries

xv. Political stability

41. How the crime of Honor Killing can be stopped in the Indian Society?

a. Change the name honor killing into ―patriarchal crimes against autonomy‖

b. India does not have a specific law against "honour" crimes – so we

need strong law

c. Article 21 of the Indian constitution considers honor killing an

infringement to law and hence there must be some major

amendments in IPC, Evidence Act and HMA so that strict laws can be

enforced on the offenders indulging in the offense.

d. Making the crime of honour killing a separate offence would help

bring more clarity for law enforcement agencies.

e. The mentality and social outlook of the people has to change

f. In 1990 the National Commission for Women set up a statutory body

in order to address the issues of honor killings among some ethnic

groups in North India

g. Banning Khap panchayat

h. The governments should also identify villages with the presence of

Khap Panchayats in the last five years.

i. Protection to love marriage couple who are from mixed castes

j. Spreading legal awareness among the population

k. Strengthening NGOs

l. Promoting Inter caste Marriage such as Muthu lakshimi Reddy Inter

caste marriage assistance scheme

m. Better socio-Economic development of lower caste people

n. Strict punishment to the perpetrators

o. Media support to stop this crime

p. There is a need of functional unity of the government, international

community, the NGOs and local community on the issue.

As a major step, women must be given a higher position of legal

authority and must get authorized to speak out on these issues.

a. In the case of Shakti Vahini the Suprem Court of India had given

various guidelines to prevent honour killing. These guidelines of the

Court are as under:

b. There will be fast-track courts for fighting against honour killing

cases.

c. The disposal of the cases can be expected within 6 months.

d. Immediate FIR against Khap Panchayat if they order any diktat

against any couple.

e. There will be a provision of safe houses for the couples by the

government, along with security, if needed.

f. DM/SP will supervise the safe houses.

g. The safe houses will cater young bachelor-bachelorette couples along

with married couples whose relationship is being opposed by Khap.

42. What are the major problems faced by the tribal society in India in the

recent times?

a. Loss of Control over Natural Resources

b. Denied basics of the Forest Rights.

c. Lack of Education

d. Displacement and Rehabilitation

e. Problems of Health and Nutrition

f. Gender Issues

g. Erosion of Identity

h. small and uneconomical landholdings

i. Only a small percentage of the population participates in

occupa-tional activities in the secondary and tertiary sectors

j. Literacy rate among tribals is very low

k. Tribal government programmes have not significantly helped the

tribals in raising their economic status

l. Banking facilities in the tribal areas are so inadequate

m. About 90 per cent of the tribals are engaged in cultivation and most of

them are landless and practise shifting cultivation.

n. Poverty and Indebtedness

o. Most of the tribals live in sparsely populated hills and

communications in the tribal areas remain tough.

p. Poor implementation of 5th and 6th Schedules

q. Failure of PESA and FRA Act

r. very low immunity against the common diseases

s. Very poor legal awareness

t. Absence of NGO and Media support

43. Suggest some measure to address the regional disparities existing in

India particularly with special reference to the Central Indian Region.

a. Better implementation of 5th Schedule

b. Better implementation of PESA and FRA Act

c. Better implementation of Schemes – Ekalavya Model school, Roshini

scheme, NREGA, RURBAN

d. Better PDS

e. Increasing the funding under tribal sub plan

f. Strict law against separatism

g. Good governance

h. Promoting Unity in Diversity concept

i. Check regional imbalances

j. development of sports and cinemas

k. Development of North east

l. Infrastructural development – AIIMS, IIT and IIM, Port and Airport,

Green Highways

m. Resolving water disputes – Kaveri, Narmada, Krishna etc.

n. NGO and intellectual support

o. Human development – education, health and income

p. No force on Single language and single culture.

q. Special Area Development Programme

r. Incentives for Promoting Investment in Backward Regions

s. Peaceful settlement through supreme court

t. Regulating social media

u. Revamp of National Integration Council

v. Organizing cultural festivals

w. Setting of Regional Boards

Unit III (Mental Ability)

44. Classification based on Principles of operation

Analog Computer

1. Works on continuous range of value. 2. Give approximate results. 3. Generally deals with physical variables such as voltage,

pressure, temperature, speed etc. Digital Computer

1. Operates on digit data - Number 2. Uses Binary Number system 3. Used in solving complex problems in engineering and

technology field. Hybrid Computer

1. Combination of desirable fratures of analog and digital computer.

2. Mostly used in automatic operations of complicated processes.

Classification based on Configuration

Computer

Analog Digital Hybrid

Computer

Super Mainframe Mini Micro

Super Computer

1. Mightiest and expensive. 2. Processes billions of instruction per second. 3. Used in stock analysis, weather forecasting.

Mainframe Computer 1. Hundred of millions instruction per second 2. Used in railway reservations, aerospace companies

Mini Computer 1. Low cost computer 2. Performance of mini is less than mainframe computer.

Micro Computer 1. Invention of microprocessor gave birth to the micro computer

45. Expand and Explain i) XML

a. Extensible Mark-Up Language. b. Defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that both

human and machine readable. ii) MASER

a. Microwave amplification by stimulated emission of Radiation. b. Device that produce cohexant electromagnetic waves.

iii) SECAM a. Sequential colour with Memory. b. A Television display technology.

iv) ASCII a. American standard code for Information Interchange.

46. For the following Data. Draw Histogram.

Types of micro computer

Work Stations Personal Laptop Palm PC

Computer

Marks 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80

No of

Students 6 15 22 31 17 9

For drawing a historgram, the frequency distribution should be continuous. If it is not continuous, then first make it continuous as

Marks Number of Students

20.5 - 30.5 6

30.5 - 40.5 15

40.5 - 50.5 22

50.5 - 60.5 31

60.5 - 70.5 17

70.5 - 80.5 9

HISTOGRAM

35 -

30 -

25 -

20 -

15 -

10 -

5 -

0 - 20.5 30.5 40.5 50.5 60.5 70.5 80.5

Marks

47. The sides are in ratio 9 : 10 : 11 Let the sides be 9k, 10k, 11k. The perimeter of the triangular Park = 300 m 9k + 10k + 11k = 300m 30k = 300 k = 10 m

The sides are a = 90 m, b = 100 m, c = 110 m

S = a b c2

= 90 100 1102

= 150 m

Area of trianglar Per = S(s a)(s b)(s c)

= 150(150 90)(150 100)(150 110)

= 50 20 3 2

= 4242 m2 48. The value of a fixed asset depreciats at the rate of 10% of the value at

the beginning of each year. If the value fot he asset, two years age, was

Rs.12,000 more than the value of the asset one year ago, then find the

present value of asset, given that the asset was brought 2 years ago.

Let the present value of the asset be x

then,

2 1010 11 100100

x x

= 12,000

10x

= 9 912000

10 10

x = 97200

15 Makrs

Unit - I (History)

49. What are the Changes made in India after 1857 revolt? a. Military

b. Administrative

c. Judicial

d. Relation with princely states

e. Financial changes

50. Give a detailed account on the development of Indian Press during British Rule. a. Censorship of Press Act 1799

b. Licensing Regulations 1823

c. Press Act of 1835 or Metcalfe Act

d. Licensing Act of 1857

e. Registration Act 1867

f. Vernacular Press Act 1878

g. Newspaper incitement to Offences act 1908

h. Indian Press Act 1910

i. Indian Press Act 1931

Unit - II (Socio Economic Issues)

51. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Reservation system in India? Reservation

Advantages

a. Social justice

b. Communal harmony

c. Proportional representation

d. Empowerment of weaker sections

e. Solution to caste conflict

f. Employment generation

g. Economic growth

h. Development of backward ness

i. Improvement of Human Development Index

j. better opportunities to uplift their economic as well as social status,

making it the biggest benefit of this system for the underprivileged.

k. To remove the social and economic disparities in the country

l. Reduction in Gap between Rich and Poor Backward Class

Disadvantages

a. It divides our country on the basis of caste, religion and gender and

hence threatens our national unity.

b. The attempt of government is that all the people in our country live

without any discrimination on any basis, but reservation will not let

that happen.

c. It creates the feeling of superiority and inferiority among different

class of people.

d. It did not do justice with the unreserved class because despite

working hard they didn't get the desired seat and it fill them with

anger and feeling of enmity for reserved class.

e. Affects the administration and performance

f. Too much equality impacts individual liberty

g. No horizontal only vertical

h. Still in poor condition even though the provision of reservation

i. Persistence of caste feeling

j. Not present in the Private system

k. Issue has been politicized – leads to vote bank politics

52. Explain the impact of Globalization on Indian Cultural Life. Negatives

a. Joint family into nuclear family

b. Increased old age homes

c. Absent of proper parental care to children

d. Materialized life – no values in in both public as well as personal life

e. marriages have also lost their values.

f. Increased Divorces and Living together concept

g. Changes in Food, dress and dialect

h. Loss to local industries

i. New kind of addiction – drug and narcotic substances

j. Conflict with modernization

k. Increased economical exploitation

l. Informal and contract labor

m. Child labor and child abuse

n. Privatization of essential services such as education and health

o. Development of real estate leads into high inflation and rental in

urbans

Positives

a. Improved status of socio-economic status

b. Better education, health and employment

c. Better control of population growth

d. Dominance of service sector

e. Effective strength of Media i.e Social media

f. Westernization on India

g. Friendship Day, Valentine‘s Day, Christmas, and even Father‘s Day and Mother‘s Day.

h. Spread of Yoga into western world

i. Frequent International Travel and International Communication

j. Encouraged Rationality in the society

k. Values of secularism

l. Change in lifestyle with the help of technology

53. What are the Constitutional, Legal and Policy measures taken against the Child Labor in India?

Constitutional

a. Fundamental Rights - 14, 15, 21A, 23, 24

b. Directive Principles – 39 (e & f), 45, 47

Legal

a. Factories Act 1948

b. Plantation Labor Act, 1951

c. Mines Act 1952

d. Motor Transport Workers Act 1961

e. The Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act, 1966

f. Bonded Labor System Abolition Act 1976

g. Child Labour Act 1986 (Amendment in 2016)

h. Domestic Workers (Registration Social Security and Welfare) Act, 2008

i. Right To Education Act 2009,

j. POCSO (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act) Act 2012

k. Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

l. Ratifying of International Labor Organization‘s Convention - Minimum

Age Convention (No 138) and Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention

(No 182)

Policy measures a. ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services in 1975)

b. MDM (Midday Meal Scheme in 1995)

c. SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in 2001)

d. RMSA (Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan in 2009)

e. NSDM (National Skill Development Mission in 2015)

f. BetiBachaoBetiPadao (2015)

g. NNM (National Nutrition Mission in 2018)

h. ICPS (Integrated Child Protection Scheme in 2009)

i. National Education Policy 1986 and 2017

j. National Policy on Child Labour, August 1987

k. NCLP (National Child Labour Project Scheme in 1988)

l. CARA (Central Adoption Resource Authority in 1990)

m. India Newborn Action Plan – 2014

n. Cradle Baby Scheme in 1992

o. TN CM Girl Protection scheme

54. Bring out the causes of Manual Scavenging in India. How this menace could be controlled in the Society? Manual scavenging is the act of cleaning sewers or removal of waste from

toilets without the use of safety equipment. In simple terms, untreated

human excreta is removed from pit latrines or bucket toilets using

buckets or shovels by hand.

Causes

a. Lack of waterborne latrines

b. continued presence of insanitary latrines

c. Septic tanks are designed badly - engineering defects

d. many cities do not have sewerage that covers the whole city

e. Lack of incomplete rehabilitation and employment opportunities

f. Lack of liberation strategies

g. Social stigmatization

h. Denial of the existence of manual scavengers

i. Persistence of caste system - Manual scavenging is not only a caste-

based but also a gender-based occupation with 90 per cent of them

being women.

j. Households with dry latrines prefer women to clean the excreta

instead of men as they are located inside the house.

k. Lack of awareness among the people who have engaged in this

occupation

l. Severe poverty, unemployment and illiteracy

m. Lack of NGO and Media support to eradicate this problem

n. Poor implementation of schemes such as Swach Bharat Abhiyan

o. Weakness in the National Commission for SafaiKaramchari

p. No adoption of technology

q. Dominance of contractors

a. The National Scheme for Liberation and Rehabilitation of Scavengers

and their Dependents (NSLRS) was started for providing alternative

employment to the liberated scavengers and their dependents

b. Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers

(SRMS), a successor scheme to NSLRS, was introduced in January,

2007

c. Better implementation of The Employment of Manual Scavengers and

Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993 and Prohibition of

Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act 2013

d. Provision of Personal Protective Equipments as short term measures

e. Improving the socio-economic status of people who engaged in this

occupation

f. Active NGO support – NatioanlSafaiKaramachariAndolan, Sulabh

g. Provide Immunization for workers.

h. Increase minimum wage of sanitation workers.

i. Implementing rehabilitation schemes (law is already there) for

transitioning manual scavengers to other work.

j. Implementing schemes (law is already there) for education to children

of manual scavengers to finish schools.

k. Enable more people to get benefit of reservation and come up.

l. New thinking such as Bio toilets in trains

m. Create a favourable environment through community awareness and

sensitization of local administration.

n. Offering Skill development and alternative livelihood

o. The State to carry out a special inspection drives to identify and

prosecute employers and contractors who are violating

p. Manual Scavenging should be added to The Scheduled Castes and

Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.

q. Those involved in this practice should be identified, liberated and

should be provided with a certificate and the immediate relief amount

of Rs.20,000 by the District Magistrate under the provisions of

Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976.

r. All the liberated families should be given a priority in providing the

benefits of poverty alleviation and social welfare programmes of the

government.

Unit III (Mental Ability)

55. 12 Children taken 16 days to complete a work which can be completed

by 8 Adults in 12 days. 16 Adults started working and after 3 days 10

Adults left and 4 children joined them. How many days will they take to

complete work?

12 Children taken 16 days to complete a work

Work of 1 child in 1 day = 1192

8 Adult do that work in 12 days

Work of 1 adult in 1 day = 196

1 Adult = 2 Children

16 adult work in 3 days = 1 16 396

= 12

Remaing work = 12

After 10 adults left and 4 children joined i.e. = 8 adults (w.k.t = 1A = 2C)

12

= 112

x

x = 6 days

56. For the following data. Find Median

Mid Value 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75

Frequency 7 10 15 17 8 4 6 7

Here values in multiples of 10, so width of the class intervals is 10.

Mid X C.I. f c.f

5 0-10 7 7

15 10-20 10 17

25 20-30 15 32

35 30-40 17 49

45 40-50 8 57

55 50-60 4 61

65 60-70 6 67

75 70-80 7 74

74

2N

= 742

= 37

Median = N m2l c

f

= 37 3230 1017

= 30 + 2.94

= 32.94

Median = 32.94

57. A company has two plants to manufactur motorbikes. Plant I

manufactures 80% motor bikes, and Plan II manufactures 20%. At plant

I 85 out of 100 motor bikes are rated standard quality or better. At Plant

II only 65 out of 100 motor bike are rated better.

i) What is the probability that the motorbike, selected at random come

from Plant I. If it is known that the motorbike is a standard Quality.

ii) Also find for Plant II.

Let A1 be the event of drawing a motorbike produced by plant I.

A2 be the event of drawing a motorbike produced by plant II.

B be the event of drawing a standard quality motorbike produced

by plant I or Plant II.

Then from the first information. P(A1) = 0.80, P(A2) = 0.20,

From the additional information

1

BP 0.85A

2

BP 0.65A

The required values are computed in the following table.

The final answer is shown in last column of the table.

Event Prior

Probability

Conditional

probability

of event B

given A1

1P B A

Joint

probability

P(A1B) =

P(A1)

1P B A

Posterior

(revised)

probability

1

P(A B)P B A

P(B)

A1 0.80 0.85 0.68 0.68 680.81 81

A2 0.20 0.65 0.13 0.13 130.81 81

Total 1.00 P(B) = 0.81 1

Without the additional information, we may be inclined to say that

the standard motor bike is drawn from plant I output, since P(A1) = 80%

is larger than P(A2) = 20%