Gwadar Presentation July 2015

Preliminary Study - July 2015 Follow up to Post-Tender Interview - 15 June 2015

Prepared by Alun Dolton

Gwadar Smart Port City Master Plan

The need for Gwadar Smart Port City

Gateway to China

• The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) comprises 3 components: Road, Rail and Pipeline.

• Constructing a highway to develop a trade route linking Pakistan’s Industrial centres acting as stimulus for growth.

• Constructing an oil pipeline as a short to medium term strategy to feed China’s ‘Industrial Machine’.

• China is investigating the development of a High Speed Rail from to Islamabad, and linking with existing rail routes to Karachi in addition to creating a new route to Gwadar.

• Planning of Smart Cities along Transit Corridor to accommodate and provide employment and services to a growing population

Planning a Smart City

• Smart cities follow a hierarchical process:• People• Place• Technology

• Many Smart Cities are existing cities where elements of infrastructure have been applied to existing situation, from safe routes for cycling, to new metro systems.Others use technology as an enabler, to increase efficiencies in the existinginfrastructure.

What is a Smart City?

Masdar:Theworld’sfirstplannedSmartCity

Images Source: Masdar

• Masdar, Abu Dhabi masterplanned by Foster and Partners isplannedastheworld’sfirstzerocarbon,zerowastecity,planned to work in harmony with the local conditions.

• ThefirstphaseofthedevelopmentistheMasdarInstituteof Science and Technology, conducting research and training the next generation in low energy and renewable technologies that are applied throughout the world - investinginpeoplefirst.


Compact, transit oriented developmentSustainable Urban Planning

• Compact mixed use developments based around infrastructure nodes.

• Easy access to safe and comfortable public transport.

• Living and working in the same place, with access to leisure amenities, public facilities.

• The planning of buildings, streets and plazaswhere it is possible to walk around safely, reinforcing the sense of community.

• Reducing energy consumption as the cool streets reduce the air temperature and cooling load within the buildings.


Closed loop industrial facilitiesSustainable Urban Planning

• Industrial areas pose a different set of challenges at the same time as presenting significantopportunities.

• Many industrial processes produce heat and waste products, such as carbon dioxide and other harmful greenhouse gases. They also consume vast amounts of energy.

• Smart planning of industrial areas involves the grouping of facilities so that the challenges become opportunities, heat from industrial processes can be recovered generate power.

• Carbon dioxide from industrial processes can be pumped into greenhouses to drive agriculture.

Stee

l

Che

mic

als

Alum

iniu

m

Gla

ss

Man

ufac

turin

g

Pow

er S

tatio

nDry Port

Solar farms

Gre

enho

uses

Wat

er T

reat

men

t

Locomotive Works

Res

iden

tial c

omm

unity

Masterplan Analysis

Understanding Scale

• Thepro ectareaof SquareKilometresismorethantwicetheareaof ubaiinitscurrentform.

Understanding Scale

10 year old masterplan

• The brief is to create a ‘Smart’ City based on a masterplan prepared in 2005. The plan shows a clear separation between Industrial and Residential areas meaning that for some the daily commute could be 70km.

• The red strips denote commercial areas that are spread along the seafront and along axial routes, displacing living from business, commercial and public amenities.

High DensityResidential

Heavy Industry

Airport

Cantonment

Free Trade Zone

Following the old model

Riyadh is a prime example of a city that has grown following the old model, large grids of low rise sprawl that march relentlessly across the landscape, creating areas that are dispersed from the centre where the only way to get from A to B it to drive, encountering the everincreasingtrafficcongestion.

In recent years Riyadh has implemented projects that represent a reversal of the trend, and is currently implementing a Metro System to link the dispersed areas.

Masterplan Analysis

Review of 2005 Masterplan

Low Density ResidentialLight Industry Light Industry

Masterplan Analysis

Existing Settlements

The challenge of Gwadar Port

• Gwadar city is a dense lowrise city that occupies the peninsula and is spreading North in what appears to be uncontrolled growth.

• The Port is at the south of the Peninsula and the city, with no clear way to link the port to the road network to the north of the city. Just how is that link intended to be made?

• Pishukan • Gwadar

• Gwadar Port

• Gwadar Airport• Surbandar

Masterplan Analysis

Existing Roads

Car based city

• The 2005 Masterplan suggests applying the 1950s US model of the car-based city, now widely regarded as a failed model to the landscape.

• Communities and dispersed a great distance from commercial areas, amenities and places of employment, aspects that are not conducive to creating a Smart City.


• Gwadar Port


Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar

Masterplan Analysis

Ecological reserves

Natural Features

• There are a number of ecological reserves, identifiedonmapsasNationalParksthatcannotbe developed.

• There are a number of rivers that appear to have beendammedtocreateartificiallakes:

• Hydro-electricity?• Water supply to the proposed development?• Flood management?


• Gwadar Port


Akara National Park

• East Bay ParkRobar Escarpment

• Surbandar Escarpment

Keppar Escarpment

Working with Existing Conditions

Landscape Buffer

• 500m wide Buffer Zones are maintained between natural features and the proposed development area to ensure that the ecology of natural environments are protected, and the unique landscape character is not lost in the development, an essential component in creating a sense of place and identity.

Infrastructure Planning


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Freight Transport Corridor to Gwadar Seaport


Linking Gwadar Port

• The port is not connected to national infrastructure at present.

• To avoid urban devastation in the existing Gwadar city, the plan proposes a ‘sea wall’ transit and freight route that connects the community with a new corniche along the sea frontage through a number of crossings over a ‘transit channel’.

.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

• In 2010 DB Schencker opened a rail route from China to Germany reducing the shipping time from 3 months to 11 days.

Creation of New Airport


New Airport

• As proposed on the 2005 Masterplan along with the military base (Cantonment) to the North, the new international airport is developed 20km to the East of Gwadar City to form a regional hub.

• Thezonetothesouthoftheairportpresentsanopportunity to create an airport city, with hotels, conferencing and residential communities in a seafront setting.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Transit Corridor


Transit Corridor

• Motorway following route of existing N10 Makran Coastal Highway that runs from the outskirts of Karachi to the border with Iran.

• Railway for heavy freight, high-speed inter-city and local passenger services.

• Buffer zone between motorway and railway developed as wind farm with the capacity for 500 wind turbines generating up to 1,800MW.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Transit Network


The Transit Network

• The Transit Corridor handles heavy freight movements and high speed travel linking the cities with the wider area.

• The Transit link to the Gwadar Sea Port forms the vital lifeline that allows the CPEC to operate.

• The Urban rail route links both components with the developments along West Bay.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar


Open Space Network

Open Space Network

• Buffer zones form natural boundaries betweendevelopment areas, contain sprawl and maintain compact development.

• Parks, wildlife corridors, walking and cycle routes, maintain the balance between the built and the natural environment and promote health and wellbeing of the population.

Source: Sahara Forest Project

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Agriculture

Urban Farming

• 78% of Pakistan’s GNP is derived through agriculture

• 15% of project area reserved for food production to contribute to feeding new urban population andfordistributionfurtherafield.

• Urban farming in built environment: Fruit trees in parks, private and communal gardens; rooftop gardening, vertical farms.



• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

The need for phased development

Addressing the needs of a Growing Population

• The UN estimates that roughly 70 percent of the world’s population will live in urban centres by 2050.

• Phased, controlled development enables new urban centres to be developed in conjuction with robust infrastructure to grow with the demands of a growing population.


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

1

2

3

4

58

9

10

11

6

7

Strategy for Growth

1: Free Zone

Special Economic Zone

• The creation of a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) as a geographical region that has economic laws, more liberal than country’s typical situation intendedtofunctionaszonesofrapideconomicgrowth, using tax and business incentives.

• Establishing the Free zone as a vehicle tostimulate foreign investment to service Gwadar Port and promote trade.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

2: Industrial Zone

Industrial City

• Industrialzoneasper2005masterplan.

• Situated on freight and transit route linking Seaport and Airport. Situated on Transit corridor

• Living areas within easy reach of the workplace.

• Central hub for manufacturing, processing, recycling, power from heat recovery.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

3: Central Business District

Economic drivers

• Economic drivers are the engines of growth that are borne out of regional and in some cases national need.

• With increased trade, visitors and population as a result of the new Airport, Free Zone and Industrial City a new Central Business District is developed to the north of Gwadar City and following the existing axis.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

4: West Bay Beachfront

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Economic drivers

• The CBD develops into the central focus for the project and establishes Gwadar as a destination

• The growing city will become the centre for events and activities in the region stimulating the demand for hotels and resorts.

• The West Bay Beachfront provides an ideal location for development based on entertainment and hospitality.

Strategy for Growth

5: Logistics City

Economic Drivers

• Supporting the development of and operation of the Airport and its connection to the Sea port, and transit links.

• The Logistics city is developed to the south of the industrial zone, focused on handling anddistribution of a growing industrial powerhouse.

• Creatinglivingzonesandfacilitiesthatarecloseto employment areas.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

6: UrbanInfill

Economic Drivers

• Accommodating growing population to support CBD and West Bay Beachfront development.

• Utilising the existing infrastructure, building out the 2005 Masterplan.

• The roads already created become the primary boulevards. Compact, mixed use developments are applied within the existing grid.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

7: Education City

Economic drivers

• Peoplecomefirstwithoutsmartpeoplethereisno smart city,

• Education is paramount from educating people about consuming less energy, about how what they are doing impacts on the global situation.

• Attracting foreign universities to develop campuses to nurture local knowledge and expertise.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

8: Medical City

Economic drivers

• The growing need for healthcare will generate a need for doctors, nurses and medical specialists. Local people who are trained to address the needs of the local and visiting population.

• The Medical City creates centres for medical excellence in teaching hospitals and specialist clinics, that will attract people from around the region and from further afield, creating adestination in its own right.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

9: Government and Financial

Economic Drivers

• Need for government at the regional level stimulates the need for a government city where an administrative hub forms the focus for diplomatic and consular activities.

• Government City is coupled with a regional financial hub to attract foreign investors to setup regional headquarters.Living zonesdevelopto accommodate the growing permanent and transient population.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

10: Eastern Gateway - Innovation City

Economic Drivers

• Growth in industry stimulates the need for innovation.

• Research and Development

• Transition from heavy industrial processes.

• Pakistan’s ‘Silicon Valley’, focusing on clean technologies, light industry.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Strategy for Growth

11: Western Gateway - Trade City

Economic Drivers

• At the western end of the development area, the traditional gateway, close to the Irani Border, a market town forms the focus for a trade city.

• This forms the terminus for the high speed rail link with Gwadar, the Airport, Islamabad and Karachi. Surrounded by the existing fishingvillage of Pishukan and dramatic landscape this city forms an ideal location for a hub providing facilities to remote resorts.

Iran

Karachi

Jiwani

Bar


• Gwadar Port

• Surbandar

Flythrough

Eastern Gateway - Innovation City Airport City Logistics City

Central Business District Education City Medical City

Government and Financial Western Gateway Overview

Documents

Gwadar Presentation July 2015