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HANDOUT
BSC
RNC
MSCVLR
GMSC
CS
TRANSPORT NETWORK
ISDN
PSTN
PLMN
Gateway MSCMobile Services
Switching Center
Visitor LocationRegister
Base StationController
Base TransceiverStation
Home LocationRegister
AuthenticationCentre
EquipmentIdentityRegister
Service ControlPoint
SGSN GGSN
Intermediate exchanges
B-Node Radio NetworkController
Serving
GPRSSupportNode
IP BACKBONE
NETWORK
Routers
Internet
Corporate
Intranet
Streaming
Services
Telemetry
Optional (specified). In practice
not implemented – no mobile terminated data services
•call routing and switching•charging (CDR)•database (subs. profiles)
•security•mobility management
•call routing and switching
•charging (CDR)•interface to external networksINCOMING CALLS
•packet routing and switching
•charging (CDR)•database (subs. profiles)•security•mobility management
•session management•CIPHERING•compression (IP, payload) - /// features
•packet routing and switching•charging (CDR)
•session management•interface to external networksOUTGOING PACKETTRANSFERS
Gr GfGe
Gd
software hardware (PLD implemented)
HLR AUC EIR
SDP
GPRS
for prepaidSMSsymmetry line
Gb
Abis
IuIub
UTRANUMTS Terrestial
Radio Access Network
GERAN
GSM/EDGERadio Access Network
•WPP: Wireless Packe Platform, AXE cabinet
compliant•J20: platform invented by JUNIPER (now ///)•CPP: Connectivity Packet Platform•TSP: Telephony Server Platform (in future
replacement of AXE)
•RPP: Regional Processor with PCI bus
WPP/J20CPP
CPP
RBS AXE AXE
AXE
AXEPCURPP
Packet
ControlUnit
SCPAXE/TSP
UNIX
IN
Service Data Point
Intelligent
Network
UNIXAXE AXE/UNIX
GatewayGPRS
SupportNode
~MSC
~GMSC
WPP
System Architecture
Connection Sequence
0
Sender Receiver
SYN,seq=x
SYN/ACK,seq=y,ack=x+1
Internet
ACK, seq=x+1,ack=y+1
(SYN,seq=x)
(SYN,seq=y,ack=x+1)
(ACK, seq=x+1,ack=y+1)DATA,seq=x+1,ack=y+1
(DATA,seq=x+1,ack=y+1)
1
2
3
4
Legend:
CLOSED
LISTEN
SYN-SENT
ESTABLISHED
(received and sent)
SYN-RECEIVED
4
0
1 3
2
4
Note: ACK does not use sequence space
Closing Sequence
FIN,seq=x,ack=y
ACK,seq=y, ack=x+1
ACK, seq=x+1,ack=y+1
(ACK, seq=y,ack=x+1)
(ACK, seq=x+1,ack=y+1)
FIN/ACK,seq=y ack=x+1
(FIN/ACK, seq=y,ack=x+1)
Inform Application ->
(CLOSE ->)
(<- CLOSE)
(FIN,seq=x,ack=y)
Wait=2*MSL
ESTABLISHED
FIN-WAIT-1
FIN-WAIT-2
CLOSE-WAIT
LAST-ACK
TIME-WAIT CLOSED
InternetSender Receiver
4 4
5
7
6
9
10
00
010
9
74
5
6
Legend:
MSL - Maximum Segment Life
Round Trip Time - RTT
Transmission of 64 Kbytes (TCP)
Dat
a
Ack
nowle
dgemen
t
At t=0 After 500 µµµµs After 15 ms After 30 ms
a b c d
Slow Start Algorithm
Advertised Window
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Initial widow size = 1
TransmissionAcknowledgement
3rd Duplicatr ACK, Packet lostWindow is too bigStart Congestion Avoidance
Window size is increased exponentially contraryto Congestion Avoidance Algorithm, where
window is increased linearly.
Network
Service
GTP
Application
IP / X.25
SNDCP
LLC
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
SNDCP
LLC
BSSGP
L1bis
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
BSSGP
L1bis
L2
L1
IP
L2
L1
IP
GTP
IP / X.25
Um Gb Gn GiMS BSS SGSN GGSN
Network
Service
UDP /
TCP
UDP /
TCP
IP / X.25IP / X.25
IP Packet
GTP
Relay
SNDCP
SNDCP SEGMENT
LLC LLCLLC FRAME
Transmission protocol architecture
RLC RLC
Relay
RLC/MACBLOCK
Selection of default coding scheme for the whole BSC/PCU
RAEPC:
PROP=CHCODING–1; Choosing appropriate channel coding 1 – CS1 , 2 – CS2 (UL,DL)
Selection of dedicated coding scheme for the particular cell
RLGSC: CELL=KISTA, Cell nameNA
CS1
CHCSDL= CS2, CS downlink for the particular cell. If NA is CS3 selected, the exchange property CHCODING
CS4 is used
LA = ON/OFF; Activation of Link Adaptation feature. CS specified by CHCSDL will be taken as initial value.
Control Parameters
EGPRS Coding Schemeskbps
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
MC
S1
MC
S2
MC
S3
MC
S4
MC
S5
MC
S6
MC
S7
MC
S8
MC
S9
CS
1
CS
2
CS
3
CS
4
GMSK modulation 8PSK modulation
8.0
12.0
14.4
20.0
8.4
11.214.8
16.8
22.4
29.6
44.8
54.4
59.2
GPRS EGPRS
1/The same bit 3,7 µs
0/Different bit
0,0,0
0,0,1
0,1,0
0,1,1
1,1,1
1,0,1 1,1,0
Q
I
1,0,0
amplitude (const.)
phase
1
2
3011 110 000
1 2 3
amplitude (var.)
Problem amplitude = 0
Solution – axis rotate
Q
I
SS
time
SS
time
GMSKGaussian
Minimum
Shift
Keyiing
8-PSK8 - Phase
Shift
Keyiing
Class C amplifier required.
Simple and cheapClass A amplifier required.
Expensive and complicated
GMSK vs 8PSK
#1 sequential number
#2
#3
coding user data
#2
In GPRS retransmission is allowed only
with the same coding scheme.
#???
Transmission window 64 frames
(stall if exceeded)
#2 retransmission, more coding required
#1 ACK, #3 ACK, #2 NOT ACK
CS 4
CS 2
#1
NOT ACK
#1
In EDGE retransmission is allowed with
different coding scheme and modulation.
#2
MCS 9
MCS3
(GMSK)
#2
MCS 6
NOT ACK
NOT ACK
#1.1
#1.2
#2.1
#2.2
Transmission window 1024 frames
RETRANSMISSIONS
Example of coding procedure for MCS9
MCS-9
1224 data bits
612 612
1836 1836
convolutional
coding 1/3
612P1 P1P2 P3 P2 P3
puncturing 2/3
interleaving 20 ms – 4 bursts
MCS-9 and MCS-5 - comparison
P1 P2 P3
1 1 1 1 2 3
1, P1
1, P2
1, P3
P1
P1
P1
P2
P2 P3
PCU
after 2 re-transmissions the code rate is 1/3
1
2
3
PCU
code rate is 1/3
MCS-9 MCS-5
Selection of Default Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) DL/UL
RAEPC: Changing exchange properties
PROP=LQCDEFAULTMCSDL–5; Default MCS downlink. Values 1-9
~ MCS1 - MCS9 (valid if LQCACT≠1 or 3, no EGPRS LQC DL)
PROP=LQCDEFAULTMCSUL–5; Default MCS uplink. Values 1-9
~ MCS1- MCS9 (valid if LQCACT≠2 or 3, no EGPRS LQC UL
Activation/Deactivation of EGPRS Link Quality Control (ELQC)
RAEPC: 0 ELQC deactivatedPROP=LQCACT– 1; ELQC activated for DL TBFs only
2 ELQC activated for UL TBFs only3 ELQC activated for DL and UL TBFs
Control Parameters
Activation/Deactivation of Incremental Redundancy on UL
RAEPC: 0 IR UL not activatedPROP=EGPRSIRUL– 1; IR UL activated
Limiting the highest MCS than can be selected by the system in LQC procedures (UL/DL)
RAEPC: PROP=LQCHIGHMCS–9; Values 1-9 ~ MCS1- MCS9
Link Adaptation and Incremental Redundancy (LA/IR/BLER) activation
RAEPC: 0 LA modePROP=LQCMODEDL/UL 1; LA/IR mode
2 LA/IR BLER mode
Control Parameters
B
Dedicated (Fixed)Packed Data Channels
On DemandPacket Data Channels
GSMBasic Physical Channels permanently reserved for GPRS
temporarily used by GPRS(dynamic allocation)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
GPRS Channels
COMBINED RA/LA UPDATE
Logical Channels
GSM GPRS
BCH:
FCCH
SCHBCCH PBCCH
CCCH:
PCH PPCH
RACH PRACHAGCH PAGCH
DCCH:
SDCCH
FACCH PACCHSACCH
PTCCH
TCH PDTCH
Option
MPDCH parameter
MPDCH - first of dedicated PDCHs, carry DATA + SIGNALLING
(80-90%) (10-20%)
RLGSC: Changing of GPRS cell parameters
CELL=KISTA, Cell name
FPDCH/SPDCH=3, Number of Fixed/Semi-dedicated
PDCHs (max 16)
MPDCH=YES/NO; Allocation of MPDCH in the cell
Control Parameters
NETWORK OPERATION MODES
BSC
MSC
SGSN
Gs
ACTIVE DATA
TRANSFER
CS PAGING MULTIPLEXED
WITH USER DATA
PCH
MS LISTENS
ONLY TO PCHCS PAGING
PS PAGING
-COMBINED RA&LA UPDATE
-COMBINED GPRS/IMSI ATTACH
-PAGING COORDINATION
NOM I no MPDCH
BSC
MSC
SGSN
Gs
ACTIVE DATA
TRANSFER
CS PAGING MULTIPLEXED
WITH USER DATA
PPCH
MS LISTENS
ONLY TO PPCH
NOM I, MPDCH exists
PCH
PCH FOR NON GPRS MSs
BSC
MSC
SGSNPCH
MS LISTENS
ONLY TO PCH
-NO PAGING COORDINATION WITH DATA TRANSFER
NOM II (no MPDCH)
NO Gs
BSC
MSC
SGSN
PPCH
MS LISTENS TO PCH
AND PPCH
-NO PAGING COORDINATION WITH DATA TRANSFER
NOM III (MPDCH exists)
NO Gs
PCH
parameter GPRSNWMODE=0
GPRSNWMODE=1
GPRSNWMODE=2
GPRSNWMODE=3
DUAL TRANSFER MODEMS Classes
A
B
C
DTM (simplified A)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
GSM and GPRS channel allocation must be coordinated.
(GPRS channel administration is responsible for this).
PAGING
BSC is responsible for paging coordination.
BSC
MSC
SGSN
NO Gs
DATA TRANSFER
CS PAGING
PS PAGING
FACCH
RA/LA UPDATE
BSC is responsible for paging coordination.
MS must support DTM. However, paging coordination
works for all MSs (session must be suspended)
BSC
MSC
SGSN
LA UPDATESDCCH
RA UPDATE
TUNNELED
Setting Network Operation Mode
RAEPC: Changing exchange properties
(many different properties are changed with this command)
PROP=GPRSNWMODE–1; Choosing appropriate NOM
Control Parameters
Activation of Dual Transfer Mode in the cell
RLDUI: Initiation of DTM
CELL=KISTA, Cell name
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Primary PDCH Set (PSET) limit
PRIMPLIM
B
Primary PSET
PRIMLIM = 4PRIMPLIM = 1
MPDCH = 1
M
RLGSC command
Changing PBCH configuration
RLPDC: GPRS Packet Control Channel Data, Change
MAXSBLK = 1-4, Maximum number of PBCCH radio blocks to be used within a multiframe.
MAXSMSG = 1-16, Preferred maximum number of Packet System Information messages per PBCCH radio block.
TRAFBLK = 0-10; Number of traffic radio blocks on MPDCH TS
Control Parameters
(12 - MAXSBLK - TRAFBLK ) >= 1 At least 1 block required for paging
TBF is unidirectional (independent control of UL and DL radio resources)• 1MS → 1 UL (↑) TBF• 1MS → 1 DL (↓) TBF• 1MS → 1 UL (↑) TBF + 1 DL (↓) TBF
DL
UL
More than 1 MS per single PDCH
More than 1 PDCH per single MS (but only one TBF)
DL TransferTFI (Temporary Flow Identity) – TBF ID (VALUES 0-31)
DL
TFI=3
TS=3&4
TFI=1
TS=4&5
TFI=7
TS=6&7
TFI=1
OK (my TFI, process)DISCARD (not my TFI)
MSs listen to all PDCHs allocated to them. Moreover they read
all radio blocks. However, only radio blocks allocated to them
(proper TFI) are processed.
Without QoS resources are divided evenly among all MSs.
(MSs and will use TS4 alternately.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
UL TransferUSF (Uplink State/Status Flag) – (VALUES 0-7)• transmitted downlink• designates the MS that is allowed to transmit in UL direction on the particular TS
DL
UL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
31USF
54TS
41USF
65TS
32USF
76TS
5USF
7TS
USF=1
1
2
USF=1
content addressed for
USF=4 USF=5
[Hint] Parameter TBF Granularity enables transmission of more UL Radio Blocks upon reception of proper TFI (TBF Granularity =4 → 4 Radio Blocks may be transmitted)
PCU CAPACITYMaximum number of RPP: 64 book, now 128.
• Maximum number of Cells: 512.
• Maximum number of PDCHs: 4096.
RPP Limitations
• Maximum number of PDCHs: 150 software limitation (6 DSP*25 PDCHs)• Maximum number of PDCHs: 64 hardware limitation for CS3&4, EDGE (64 Devices)
DSP#1
DSP#2
DSP#3
DSP#4
DSP#5
DSP#6
DSP#7
DSP#8
Can work only towards Gb
0 1 2
32 33 34
29 30 31
61 62 63
GS
RTGPHDV-0&&-31
RTGPHDV-32&&-63
1 RTGPHDV = 4 Logical PDCHs for CS1&2
1 RTGPHDV = 1 Logical PDCHs for CS3&4 and EDGE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Packet Data Channels (PDCHs)RADIO
LPDCH~PDCH
64 kb/s
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
BSC/TRC
Um A-bis
0 1 2 3 4 3031
…
GPRS
CS 1&2
speech
0 1 2 3 4
…
CS 1-4
EDGE
5 3031
Abis Capacity
Definition of required number of PDCH
RLBDC: Changing configuration of BPDCHCELL=KISTA, Cell name
CHGR=0-15, Channel Group number
NUMREQBPC=8-128, Number of required BPCs, if not given all TSs are GPRS capable
NUMREQCS3CS4BPC=0-128 Number of required GPRS CS-3 or CS-4 BPCs
NUMREQEGPRSBPC=0-128, Number of required EGPRS BPCs
TN7BCCH=GPRS/EGPRS; This parameter indicates if Timeslot Number (TN) 7 on the BCCH frequency can be configured with Traffic Channels (TCHs) supporting EGPRS or GPRS only.
Control Parameters
Definition of required number of PDCH
RXMOI: Definition of Managed Object
ABISALLOC = FIXED, Abis configurationFLEXIBLE
RLGSC: General Packet Radio Service, Change
FLEXHIGHGPRS = 0, How to access Abis resources for MSs
1 not capable of EGPRS using E-PDCHs.
Control Parameters
Definition of required number of PDCH
RLGSC: CELL=KISTA,
0 All on-demand PDCHs are possible to preempt 1 On-demand PDCHs not used for Dual Transfer Mode(DTM)
are possible to preempt 2 On-demand PDCHs not used for Streaming are possible to...
3 On-demand PDCHs not used for DTM nor for Streaming are…
PDCHPREEMPT= 4 ; On-demand PDCHs that are not essential are…
5 On-demand PDCHs that are not essential nor DTM PDCHs …6 On-demand PDCHs that are not essential nor Streaming
PDCHs are possible to preempt7 On-demand PDCHs that are not essential nor DTM nor
Streaming … 8 Idle on-demand PDCHs are possible to preempt
Control Parameters
Background
?
Interactive
(Round Trip Time) RTT ↓
(Traffic Handling Priority) THP = 1 (high priority), 2, 3 (low priority)
Streaming
asymmetrical
(only DL is important)
GBR ↑ ~ (MAY VARY)
AV_BR
DEL ↓ ~
AV_DEL
Conversational
symmetrical
(Guaranteed Bitrate) GBR ↑ (HIGH & STEADY)
(Delay) DEL ↓ (LOW & STEADY)20 sBUFFER
Similiar to CS
MBR(max bitrate)
Not implemented in GERAN
V (OPTION)
V (OPTION) (BASIC)
VoIPoGPRS STREAMING
WWW, WAP, CHAT
E-MAIL, FTP
Quality of Service
QoS IMPLEMENTATION
STREAMING
GBR
BPDCH BR or GPDCH BR or EPDCH BRCS 1&2 CS 1-4 CS 1-4,
MCS 1-9
= # TS
BR WE CAN EXPECT FROM 1 TS
AV 50%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TSs FOR STREAMING
ONLY 1 STREAMING TBF PER PDCH
STREAMING
STREAMING
INTERACTIVE
# OF SAMPLES
BR8K
50%
2 TSs for 16 K
6K
95%
3 TSs/16 K
PRIORITY:
1. Signalling
2. Streaming media
3. Streaming Ericsson Instant Talk
4. Interactive
5. Background
INTERACTIVE
STREAMING INTER. THP 1 INTER. THP 2 INTER. THP 3 BACKGROUND
TS
SELECED BY LOT
Definition of Power Control Parameters
RLGSC: Definition of GAMMA
CELL=KISTA,
GAMMA = 0 – 62 [dB] only even
RAEPC: Definition of ALPHA
CELL=KISTA,
PROP = ALPHA – 0-10 2~0.2
Control Parameters
BSC SGSN
2
1
CELL CHANGE DOWNLINK
Cell change
Uplink resources
are allocated for
acknowledgement
New
packetsNot confirmed
Packets
9
Buffers for old cell
BCCH
4
3
5RACH
6
AGCH
7
LLC –TLLI ~ P-TMSI
7
LLC frame + Cell ID
(BVCI, not CGI)
FLUSH 8
Move data
to new buffers
10
[Hint] If MS moves to new BSC, data is deleted from the old buffers and higher layers protocols (TCP) performsretransmissions. Up to R11 subscriber is charged for this data. In R12 CDRs are modified and „minus”quantity may occur.
Definition of Cell Reselection Parameters
RLSBC: Definition of GAMMA
CELL=KISTA,
CRO = 0,1,2, … ,63 (corresponding to 0,2,4, … ,126 [dB])
PT = 0,1,2, … ,30 (corresponding to 20,40,60, … ,620 s)31 (temporary offset is ignored and the sign of
cell reselect offset is changed)TO = 0,1,, … ,6,7 (corresponding to 0,10, … ,60, infinite [dB])
Control Parameters
BSC SGSN
2
1
CELL CHANGE DOWNLINK
Cell change
Uplink resources
are allocated for
acknowledgement
New
packetsNot confirmed
Packets
9
Buffers for old cell
BCCH
4
3
5RACH
6
AGCH
7
LLC –TLLI ~ P-TMSI
7
LLC frame + Cell ID
(BVCI, not CGI)
FLUSH 8
Move data
to new buffers
10
[Hint] If MS moves to new BSC, data is deleted from the old buffers and higher layers protocols (TCP) performsretransmissions. Up to R11 subscriber is charged for this data. In R12 CDRs are modified and „minus”quantity may occur.
BSC SGSN
2
NETWORK ASSISTED CELL CHANGE
Uplink resources
are allocated for
acknowledgement
New
packetsNot confirmed
Packets
6RACH
7
AGCH
8
LLC –TLLI ~ P-TMSI
[Hint] In R.11 working only for INTRA BSC CELL CHANGEIn R.12 working also for INTER BSC CELL CHANGEIn R.06 working also for INTER SYSTEM CELL CHANGE
Cell change
notification
message
1
Network increases
throughput taking
resources from other
MSs to finish LLC
frame
3Cell Change Notification
(Don’t send any info)
Empty buffers
4
System info about the
new cell concluded with
<CELL CHANGE ORDER>
„you can go”
5
8
9
[Hint] Network controlled CC. System behaves similarly to CS HO. In R.06 available only for GSM-UMTS CC.Implemented by Alcatel.
Activation of Network Control Mode 2 in a cell
RLNMI: Activation of NCM2 in a cell
CELL=KISTA;
Changing of reporting period for NMC 2
RLNMC: Modification of NCM2 in a cell
CELL=KISTA;
0 - 0.48 seconds
1 - 0.96 seconds
2 - 1.92 seconds
CELL=KISTA; 3 - 3.84 seconds
4 - 7.68 seconds
5 - 15.36 seconds
6 - 30.72 seconds
7 - 61.44 seconds
Control Parameters
RAEPC command
GPRS Extended Dynamic Allocation activation (more UL TCHs)
PROP=GPRSEDAACT 0 not active1 active
GPRS Neutral UL/DL State Handling activation
PROP=GPRSNEUTRALACT 0 not active1 active
Dynamic Uplink (UL) and DL Resource Handling activation
PROP=DYNULDLACT 0 not active1 active
Control Parameters
requires
requires
Counter examples (per Cell)
� User sending data in Background Class
� Capable of EDGE
� Downloading the data
� Total LLC data volume of GMM/SM signaling transferred
� 100 kbit with 20 kbit/s + 200 kbit with 30 kbit/s
DLBGEGTHR = 100*20+200*30 = 2000 + 6000 = 8000 kbit2/s
DLBGEGDATA = 100 + 200 = 300 kbit
error in the previous slide
kbit/s 26,7kbit 300
/skbit 8000 Throughput WeightedIP
2
==
KPI: IP buffer discardsCounters (per Cell)
� IP Discards due to no available PDCH:s or no TFI
LDISTFI
� IP Discards due to Radio Contact Lost (T3195=5 sec.)
LDISRR
� IP Discards due to Other Reasons
LDISOTH
� IP Discards due to RAU (Routing Area Update)
FLUDISC
Counters (per Cell)
� ACCEGEXTIPLAT IP Latency measured for EGPRS capable and Extended UL MSs. Units: ms
EGEXTIPLAT – accumulator
� ACCEGNOEXTIPLAT IP Latency measured for EGPRS capable and not Extended UL capable MSs. Units: ms
EGNOEXTIPLAT – accumulator
� ACCGEXTIPLAT IP Latency measured for GPRS capable and Extended UL MSs. Units: ms
GEXTIPLAT – accumulator
� ACCGNOEXTIPLAT IP Latency measured for GPRS capable and not Extended UL capable MSs. Units: ms
GNOEXTIPLAT – accumulator
Counters (per Cell)
� INT8BRGPRSTBF Volume of RLC data successfully received by the MS in TBFs with a radio link bit rate in the 8 kbps (X < 9 ) interval for CS-1/2/3/4, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs.
INT10BRGPRSTBF (9 < X < 11)
INT12BRGPRSTBF (11 < X < 13)
INT14BRGPRSTBF (13 < X < 15)
INT16BRGPRSTBF (15 < X < 17)
INT18BRGPRSTBF (X > 17 )
Counters (per Cell)
� INT10BREGPRSTBF Volume of RLC data successfully received by the MS in TBFs with a radio link bit rate in the 10 kbps interval (X < 12.5) for EGPRS, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs.
INT15BREGPRSTBF (17,5 < X < 22,5)
INT20BREGPRSTBF (17,5 < X < 22,5)
INT25BREGPRSTBF (22,5 < X < 27,5)
INT30BREGPRSTBF (27,5 < X < 32,5)
INT35BREGPRSTBF (32,5 < X < 37,5)
INT40BREGPRSTBF (37,5 < X < 42,5)
INT45BREGPRSTBF (42,5 < X < 47,5)
INT50BREGPRSTBF (47,5 < X < 52,5)
INT55BREGPRSTBF (X > 52,5)
PCU Limitations
• Maximum number of RPP: 64 book, now 128.
• Maximum number of Cells: 512.• Maximum number of PDCHs: 4096.
RPP Limitations
• Maximum number of PDCHs: 150 software limitation (6 DSP*25 PDCHs)• Maximum number of PDCHs: 64 hardware limitation for CS3&4, EDGE (64 Devices)
DSP#1
DSP#2
DSP#3
DSP#4
DSP#5
DSP#6
DSP#7
DSP#8
Can work only towards Gb
0 1 2
32 33 34
29 30 31
61 62 63
GS
RTGPHDV-0&&-31
RTGPHDV-32&&-63
1 RTGPHDV = 4 Logical PDCHs for CS1&2
1 RTGPHDV = 1 Logical PDCHs for CS3&4 and EDGE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Packet Data Channels (PDCHs)RADIO
LPDCH~PDCH
64 kb/s