Handson deployment of ITS, Electronic Toll CollectionKapsch TrafficCom | 12 ETC deployment, Technology GNSS/CN, Global Navigation Satellite System/Cellular Network Central System Central

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Handson deployment of ITS, Electronic Toll Collection

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Carl Olov Carlsson Product Manager

Kapsch TrafficCom AB | Product Management Box 1063 | SE551 10 Jönköping | Sweden

Tel. +46 (0) 36 290 1539 Mobil +46 (0) 708 383 555 Fax +46 (0) 36 290 1501

email [email protected] www.kapsch.se

Handson deployment of ITS, Electronic Toll Collection


ETC deployment, Some pieces of the puzzle

Legislation Standards Technology

Tag rollout

Security

Interopera bility

Vehicle Classification

Payment schemes


ETC deployment, Legislation

Legislation


ETC deployment, Legislation

Examples of legal issues

• Tax or Fee • New / Existing roads

• Enforcement • What offence

• Video allowed / restrictions

• Vehicle register

• Vehicle Driver or Owner

• Central/Backoffice system • Payment handling

• Account handling

• VAT


ETC deployment, Technology

Technology



DSRC, Dedicated Short Range Communication

• Tag in vehicle, Transceiver on roadside

• Secure identification of an ID in the tag or access to an onboard account

• Well proven

• Low cost tags

• Low operational cost

• Suitable both in conventional lanes and MLFF

• Standardised (CEN/ISO)



DSRC, Dedicated Short Range Communication



VIDEO based tolling

• Identification of a vehicle by its licence plate • Requires readable and authentic number plates

• Uses normally OCR (optical character recognition)

• Is often used as a complement to DSRC

• High operational costs

• Performance can be increased by • Reading both front and rear licence plate

• Using a list of possible licence plates

• Suitable both in conventional lanes and MLFF

•



VIDEO based tolling



GNSS/CN, Global Navigation Satellite System/Cellular Network

• OnboardUnit in vehicle that gets the vehicle position from GNSS (GPS/Galileo)

• Communication with central system is done by CN

• Mapmatching and charging can be done in OBU (thick client) or in central system (thin client)

• Higher cost for On Board Unit than for DSRC

• DSRC functionality is included in the OnBoard Unit to: • enable enforcement

• facilitate migration from a DSRC based system

• Standardisation ongoing (CEN/ISO)



GNSS/CN, Global Navigation Satellite System/Cellular Network

Central System Central System

Transaction Concentrator

DSRC

WAN WAN

DSRC Transactions

Map Matching Onboard Unit with GPS, GSM, DSRC Module

GPRS GPRS

GPS Location Points

GPS/GSM


ETC deployment, Standards

Standards



Why standards ?

• Minimises risk • Supplier

• Procurer

• Market impact • Increases competition

• Enlarging market

• Defines requirements • Enabling

• Profile



CEN ISO DSRC/EFC standards

• DSRC (CEN TC278 WG9) • EN12253, DSRC Layer 1 (*)

• EN12795, DSRC Layer 2 (*)

• EN12834, DSRC Layer 7 (*)

• EN13372, DSRC Profiles (*)

• EFC (CEN TC278 WG1) • EN ISO14906, EFC Application Interface for DSRC

• EN15509, EFC Interoperable Application Profile Brand new ! (*)

(*) Test standards available or under development

CEN GNSS standard (CEN TC278 WG1) • prCEN ISO/TS 17575 Application Interface Definition for CN/GNSS based EFC. (Under development)


ETC deployment, Security

Security



Security issues in an DSRC/EFC system

• Protection of user privacy

• Resist fraud attempts by users

• Resist fraud attempts by operators

• Protect integrity of application

• Protect investment of issuer

Security measures

Access protection

Access protection Dynamic authenticators

Dynamic authenticators Transaction counter

Static Authenticators Dynamic authenticators

Access protection

Secure key management incl. key storage in SAM (Secure Appl. Modules)



Security Key Management

• Creation of keys

• Distribution of keys • To tag production

• To DSRC roadsides

• To video cameras

• Storing of keys

• Process for new generation

• Trusted Third Party


ETC deployment, Interoperability

Inter operability



Definition

• One tag and one contract

Requirement

• Same technology

• Defined application and procedures • Data

• Transactions

• Security

• MoU in place

Stepwise introduction possible

• 1. One tag / Separate contracts

• 2. Clearing



CEN DSRC / EFC Interoperability specifications evolution

DSRC/EFC standards

GSS

A1 CESARE/ PISTA

CARDME EFC IAP standard


ETC deployment, Vehicle classification

Vehicle classification


ETC deployment, Vehicle classification

Conventional classification of vehicles

• No of axles

• Height

• Dual tyres

• Engine

• No of windows

• e t c

Recommended classification in an ETC system

• Reduce no of classes

• Use criteria that can be measured by automatic means


ETC deployment, Tag rollout

Tag rollout


ETC deployment, Tag rollout

Important factors for success

• Tag price to user

• Tag marketing and sales • Personal contact

• Vehicle connected business

• Supply and distribution • Personalisation and packing in factory

• Avoid vehicle related data in tag

• Easy accessible points of sales

• Piggyback on • Car dealers

• Petrol stations

• Other service providers


ETC deployment, Payment schemes

Payment schemes



Dedicated ETC payment scheme

• Prepayment • On board account

• Central account

• Postpayment

Third party payment schemes

• Credit cards • Prepayment

• Postpayment



Clearing models

• Direct from each operator to bank

• Direct between operators

• Through clearing operator


ETC deployment, Chile

0 2 km .

: Sistema Vespucio Sur

: Sistema Vespucio NorPoniente

: Sistema OrientePoniente

: Sistema NorteSur

SANTIAGO


MALMÖ

YSTAD KORSÖR NYBORG

LÜBECK

ETC deployment, Scandinavia

DENMARK SWEDEN

GERMANY


ETC deployment

Before ETC deployment


ETC deployment

After ETC deployment


Carl Olov Carlsson Product Manager

Kapsch TrafficCom AB | Product Management Box 1063 | SE551 10 Jönköping | Sweden

Tel. +46 (0) 36 290 1539 Mobil +46 (0) 708 383 555 Fax +46 (0) 36 290 1501

email [email protected] www.kapsch.se

Please Note: The content of this presentation is the intellectual property of Kapsch TrafficCom AB and all rights are reserved with respect to the copying, reproduction, alteration, utilization, disclosure or transfer of such content to third parties. The foregoing is strictly prohibited without the prior written authorization of Kapsch TrafficCom AB. Product and company names may be registered brand names or protected trademarks of third parties and are only used herein for the sake of clarification and to the advantage of the respective legal owner without the intention of infringing proprietary rights.

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Handson deployment of ITS, Electronic Toll CollectionKapsch TrafficCom | 12 ETC deployment, Technology GNSS/CN, Global Navigation Satellite System/Cellular Network Central System Central