NON-FOOD OPTIONS at FARM LEVEL

Greenhouse Gas Accounting for Non-Food Options

(A web-based approach of LCA modelling)

Hannes Peter Schwaiger

JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH

23rd April 2008

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200822

Overview

Defined fuel chains

WP Objectives

Web based tool

Some examples / results

Methodology: LCA, GHG emissions

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200833

WP 32 Objectives

• To identify 3 bio-chains for which LCA models are created (e.g. pellets, biodiesel, wood chips form SR systems)

• Produce a computer model for the selected chains

• Conversion of the model into a web-based file (asp files)

• Post the model on the internet as an user friendly interface

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200844

According to

• ISO 14 040 „Life Cycle Assessment“

• Standard Methodology of IEA Bioenergy Task 38„Greenhouse Gas Balances of Biomass and Bioenergy systems“

• Recommendations of COST Action E9 „LCA of Forestry and Forest Products“

LCA-Methodology

oefpos02020

Biomass

Renewablebiotic

carbonstock

Bioenergy system Fossil energy system

Decreasingfossil

carbonstocks

Conversionin vehicles

By-products

Transportation Servicesfor persons and good

By-products

Carbonoxidation

Carbonfixation

Fossil fuel

StorageTransport

Slow increasing atmospheric carbon Strong increasing atmospheric carbon

Processing

Production ProcessingCultivation

Transport

Harvest

Auxiliary fossilenergy emissions

Auxiliary fossilenergy emissions

Energy flowCarbon flow*

Conversionin vehicles

Biofuel Fossil fuel

Auxiliaryfossil energy

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200855

Global Warming Potential, Functional Unit

Greenhouse effect: GHGs in CO2-equivalents (CO2, CH4, N2O, CF4)

Equivalent factors: CO2 1 CH4 23

N2O 296

All results refer to the functional unit of: g CO2 equivalents / km

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200866

Biodiesel and Fossil Diesel chains

Raw oil extraction

Transport

Refinery

Distribution

Vehicle

Reference System Diesel

Set asideArea

Soya-Production

Fertilizer prod.Fertilizer

Animal feed

Glycerin-Production

Heat from oil

Raw material

Energy

Rape seed production

Transport

Esterification

Pressing

Distribution

Vehicle

Transportation Service

Biodiesel

Rape cake

Glycerin

Raw oil extraction

Transport

Refinery

Distribution

Vehicle

Reference System Diesel

Raw oil extraction

Transport

Refinery

Distribution

Vehicle

Reference System Diesel

Set asideArea Set asideArea Set asideAreaArea

Soya-Production

Fertilizer prod.Fertilizer

Animal feed

Soya-Production

Fertilizer prod.Fertilizer

Animal feed

Glycerin-Production

Heat from oil

Raw material

Energy

Glycerin-Production

Heat from oil

Raw material

Energy

Rape seed production

Transport

Esterification

Pressing

Distribution

Vehicle

Transportation Service

Biodiesel

Rape seed production

Transport

Esterification

Pressing

Distribution

Vehicle

Transportation Service

Biodiesel

Rape cake

Glycerin

Rape cake

Glycerin

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200877

Definition of fuel chains in ENFA: Biodiesel

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200888

Definition of fuel chains in ENFA: Bioethanol

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 200899

Definition of fuel chains in ENFA: Biomass

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 20081010

Defined fuel chains in ENFABiodiesel• Austria: 23 chains• Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) 4 chains• Germany (Schwäbisch-Alb) 4 chains

Bioethanol• Austria: 21 chains• Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) 9 chains• Germany (Schwäbisch-Alb) 3 chains• Germany (Brandenburg) 3 chains• Germany (Bayern) 3 chains

Fischer Tropsch Diesel (solid Biomass)• Germany (Baden-Württemberg) 4 chains

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 20081111

ENFA – web-based approach

• All results are calculated using GEMIS and transferred to a database (MySQL) located on a server here at JR

• Database (MySQL) can be updated via web-interface• The “Model” shows the results of GEMIS runs, the user

defines the chains via drop-down lists in a “top down approach”

• Updating and extension with other datasets, fuels etc.is possible

• Possibility of changing input parameters in the “Model” to bring own data, but only for:Data which influence the results linearly and allow an easy recalculation

ENFA - European Non-Food Agriculture, Final Meeting, 23-24 April 20081212

Data and Information Flow

GEMISMySQL

online database

User

Country specificinput data

Country specificinput data

Web-based“Model“

Administrator (JR)

User based area

http://www.joanneum.at/IEF/ENFA/