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@k urj petbjcj gy jo LEME\I C e`m j tbkr sa ecc ertk ry m iske sks  jo tb k hrei` ( \EMH)  Be `` u F e ciaj  ] urf u e`m Bkc si`f i  Oi`ce`m  

Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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Page 1: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

7/29/2019 Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hannu-kalimo-neuropathology-of-cadasil-and-other-small-artery-diseases-of 1/55

@kurjpetbjcjgy jo LEME\IC

e`m j tbkr saecc ertkry m iskesks 

jo tbk hrei` (\EMH) Be``u Fec iaj ]urfu e`m Bkcsi`f i 

Oi`ce`m 

Page 2: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

7/29/2019 Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )

• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

_erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

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7/29/2019 Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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I` LEME\IC jvkr 8>> miookrk`t autetij`s bevk hkk` rkpjrtkm wjrcm-

wimk i` KGO rkpkets (5-<8 ) jo tbk kxtrelkccucer mjaei` jo 

@jtlb< (@<KLM). Ajst jotk` tbk autetij` rksucts i` e` u`kvk`

`uahkr jo lystki`ks (kitbkr gei` jr cjss jo e` u`kvk` `uahkr jo lystki`ks).

@jtlb< u`mkrgjks < lckevegks (\5-\<). @ILM k`tkrs `ulckus

e`m rkgucetks tre`slriptij`

      X      H      ^      D

      X      H      ^      D

BMEl

BMEl

LjX

LjX

AEAC5

BEl

Bks/Bky

      X      H      ^      D

      X      H      ^      D

BMEl

BMEl

LjX

LjX

AEAC5

BEl

Bks/Bky

\ig`eci`g lkcc 

Xklkivi`g lkcc (veslucer 

sajjtb aus-

lck lkcc  )

Page 4: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

7/29/2019 Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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B&K 

Ljccegk` I 

@jtlb < kxtrelkccu cer 

mjaei` (@<KLM, aeh 5K=) 

B&K  ^E\ 

e- sajjtb ausl ck 

elti` 

LEME\IC,lkrkhec wbitk 

aettkr 0 

Lj`trj c , lkrkhrec 

Wbitk aettkr 

Page 5: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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Lkrkhrec H cjjm Ocjw ^jsi trj` kaiss ij` tjajgrepby 

^etik`t A/<= (strjfks) Lj`trjc A/<5

]ujai`k` kt ec, \trjfk 8>>=6<;45>?<-?7 

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Ertkr ie c Lbe`gks i` LEME\IC i` Xkcet ij` tj ̂ etbjg k`ksis jo Mio ousk 

Aykc i` Cjs s jo Lkrkhrec Wbitk Aettkr 4 Kxeai`et ij` jo Lkrkhrec Akmuc cery 

Er tkriks hy Xklj` strult ij` jo \kr ie c \klt ij`s jo e` Eutj psy Lesk ..

Xkm zj`k4lj`ti`ujus cjss jo 

_\ALs

Xkm mjttkm 

zj`k4 mislj`ti`ujus

cjss jo _\ALsGrkk` zj`k4

i`tiaec oihrjus

tbilfk`i`g 

Hcuk zj`k4

emvk`titiec oihrjsis

… 

Jfkme kt ec. (\trjfk 8>>86<<48;?;-9) 

–   Ectbjugb i`tiaec 

oihrjsis jr byeci`jsis

wes prksk`t, cuai`ec 

jllcusij` wes slerlk.‑  

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Bistjgrea jo i`tkr`ec mieaktkr jo ertkrijcks

hktwkk` LEME\IC e`m lj`trjc grjup i` W A

>

5>

8>

<>

   ;    8   >    <   ;    ;   >    ?   ;    2   >    9   ;

I`tkr`ec m ieaktkr jo ertkrijcks i` aa

   ^  k  r  l  k  `   t   %

LEME\IC (̀ 1989)

lj`trjc (̀ 1852)B&K 

^E\ 

Aiej kt ec. Hrei` ^etbjc 8>>=65=4<;2-<?=. 

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I` LEME\IC jl-

lcusij` jo e pk`k-

treti`g lkrkhrec 

ertkry rksucts i` e

celu`er i`oerlt (3),

hkleusk pk`k-

treti`g ertkriks erktkrai`ec witbjut 

ljccetkrec ocjw 

orja tbk `kigb-

hjri`g ertkriks.

\tk`jsis  Jllcusij` 

e`m i`oerltkm t issu k  

3 Celu`er 

i`oerlt  

Ljrtkx 

Wbitkaettkr 

Ljrtilec vs. wbitk aettkr ertk-

riks erk aktehjcileccy miookrk`t 

Page 9: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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LEME\IC4 Auct ip ck saecc (celu`er) i`oerlts i` WA e`m 

hesec ge`g c ie, wbkrkes lkrkhrec ljrtkx is rkcet ivkcy s perkm 

0 3

3

Page 10: Hannu Kalimo - Neuropathology of CADASIL and other small artery diseases of the brain (SADB)

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LEME\IC mjks `jt prjtklt orja lcessil risf oeltjrs4

 E LEME\IC petik`t witb p.X5<<L autetij` bem ecsj skvkrk

akmiua-sizkm e`m saecc vksskc etbkrjslckrjsis i`lcumi`g 

ljapcktk jllcusij` jo e` i`sucer hre`lb jo aimmck lkrkhrec 

ertkry (    ) e`m e ljrtilec periktj-jllipitec i`oerlt ( ).

LEME\IC i`oerlts i` tbk wbitk aettkr ( 3  )

3

3

3

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LEME\IC WA4 ertkrijcks

(@<KLM)

LEME\IC WA4 lepiccery 

(@<KLM)

LEME\IC lkrkhrec ljrtkx4 saecc 

ertkrijcks e`m e lepiccery ( ) (@<KLM)

I` LEME\IC hrei` @jtlb< kxtrelkccucer 

mjaei` (@<KLM/GJA) elluaucetks

`jt j`cy j` WA ertkrijcks, hut ecsj j`WA lepicceriks (pkrilytks), es wkcc es

j` tbksk vksskcs i` lkrkhrec ljrtkx,

ectbjugb ljrtilec ertkrijcks erk `jt 

kqueccy tbilfk`km.

\i`lk ertkrijpetby i` LEME\IC is gk-

`kreciskm, elluaucetij` jo @<KLM

le` ecsj hk sbjw` hy iaau`jstei`-

i`g e mieg`jstil sfi` hijpsy, hut...

`krvk

* 1 ertkriks

*

* *

*

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Kckltrj` ailrjgrepb jo e saecc mkraec ertkry4 wimk`km suhk`mjtbkciec 

spelk (    ), irrkgucerity jo veslucer sajjtb auslck lkccs (_\ALs) e`m 

gre`ucer jsaijpbicil aetkriec (GJA, errjws). K 1 k`mjtbkciua

Cuak` 

_\AL 

_\AL 

_\AL 

_\AL 

_\AL 

*

**

* K 

*

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\pklioil tj LEME\IC is kckltrj` ailrjsljpil oi`mi`g jo gre`ucer jsaijpbicil aetkriec (GJA *  ) i` i`mk`tetij`s (`jtlbks) jo e`m ̀ kxt tj mkgk`kreti`g ves-lucer sajjtb auslck lkccs. GJA bes hkk` mkaj`stretkm i` ecc LEME\IC

lesks witb e @jtlb< autetij` rksucti`g i` e` u`kvk` `uahkr jo lystki`ks i`@jtlb< kxtrelkccucer mjaei`. (@ 1 `ulckus). ]iff e kt ec. Hrei` 8>>96 5<849<<-9<9 

5 a a >.= a a 

*

*

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Mkpjsitij` jo @jtlb< kxtre-

lkccucer mjaei` (@<KLM) le`

ecsj hk sbjw` witb iaau`j-

stei`i`g, hut KA mkaj`stre-

tij` jo GJA is ajrk rkciehck,ksp. et tbk hkgi``i`g jo tbk

miskesk witb j`cy saecc 

eaju`ts jo @<KLM/GJA .

\fi` hijpsy4 @<KLM

iaau`jstei`i`g

`krvk*

*

3

59-yker-jcm aeck LEME\IC petik`t,

k ckltrj` a ilrjslj py jo e mkraec er tkry 

3

@<KLM iaau`jstei`i`g 

*

@krvk

* 1 ertkriks

]iff e kt ec. Hrei` 8>>96 5<849<<-9<9 

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]iff e kt ec. Hrei` 8>>96 5<849<<-9<9 

LEME\IC e`m truk GJA  Kcesti` oregak`ts

Gre`ucer mkhris jo u`f`jw` jrigi`

_eriehck lkcc mkhris

_eriehck lkcc mkhris

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Aizu`j kt ec.

I`tkr Akm =74

8>?7-78, 8>>2 

\lbkim kt ec.

@kurjcjgy 

75477=-?, 8>>2 

Hress kt ec.

@KDA 8>>96

<?>45?;?-?; 

GJA bes hkk` mkaj`stretkm i` ecc LEME\IC lesks witb e @jtlb< autetij` rksucti`g i` e` u`kvk` `uahkr jo lystki`ks i` @<KLM. Bjw ehjut `j`-lys lesks…:

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]bk @J]LB < prjtki`

Miaitrijs _celbefis e`m \jpbie Fjssime

Hijakmilec Xkskerlb Oju`metij`, Elemkay jo Etbk`s

h-sbkkth-tur`

e-bkcix

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CJ\\ JO θ-

sbkkt

\]X[L][XK

 Erg

]rp

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Milbge`s kt ec. (\trjfk 8>>86<<4?7-75)4

 ┎ AHs oju`m i` ?9% jo 5? LEME\IC

 petik`ts e`m i` `j lj`trjc suhdklts

(p1 >.>>5)

 ┎  Essjl. witb egk (p1 >.>>8)

 ┎ Cjletkm i` ljrtilec-suhljrtilec rkgij`s (<2%), wbitk aettkr (8>%),

tbeceaus (5<%), hrei`stka (5=%)

 ┎ 28% cjletkm jutsimk erkes

eppkeri`g bypkri`tk`sk j` ]8w 

iaegks

Cks`if Jhkrstki` kt ec. (@kurjcjgy 

8>>56 ;74 5>??  “5>7>)4

 ┎ AHs oju`m i` <5% jo <8 syaptj-

aetil LEME\IC petik`ts.

 ┎  Essjl. witb egk (p3 >.>>2)

 ┎  Essjl. witb e`tipcetkckt usk (p3

>.>8;)

 ┎ Cjletkm i` tbeceaus (?5%), suhljr-

tilec WA (8?%), lkrkhkccua (?%)

]8* AXI

AXI4 Cks`if Jhkrstki` kt ec.

Ailrjhckkms i` LEME\IC  

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LEME\IC tergkts spklio ilec cy wbitk 

aettkr ertkr ijcks, wbkrkes g rky aettkr ertkrijcks erk hkttkr prk- 

skrvkm e`m tbk tbi``kr weccs jo 

grky aettkr ertkr ijcks erk ajrk 

prj`k tj ckef (0 a ilrjhckkms ). 

WA4 @<KLM 

Ljrt kx4 @<KLM 

Ljrtkx4 a ilrjh ckkm 

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 LEME\IC WA4 o ihr i`jg k` 

Ailrjh ckkm i` LEME\IC ljrtkx4 

o ihr i`jgk` 

Hrkefmjw ` jo HHH i` bypkr - 

tk`sij` 4 o ihr i`jgk`  

I` LEME\IC tbk HHH j o tbk 

tbilf k`km ertkr ij cks eppkers 

tj hk rkcet ivkcy i`telt4 kxtre- 

veset ij` jo pcesae prj tki`s 

is a i` iaec.

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Kpi ckpsy Lj`trj c  

Oihri`jgk` kxtrevesetkm muri`g hrkefmjw` jo HHH mioousks tj

L\O e`m orja it is tefk` up hy lkrkhkccer ^urfi`dk lkccs (^L). I`

LEME\IC ^Ls rkaei` `kgetivk.

LEME\IC _F   LEME\IC Af  

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

• _erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

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\ju re`mkr e`m Wëci`mkr j rigi` ec ert ilck ‑ Bkrkmitery auct i - i`oerlt mkak`- 

tie ‑ ( El te @kurjp etbj c <948=7-8;=65977). E. \aecc i`oerlts i`4 5. r igbt or j`tec 

wb itk aettkr , 8. r igbt lepsu ce i`tkr`e e`m <. ckot pec cimua + saecc celu`ks 

i` tbk hesec ge`gc ie. e e`m h4 Lyst il i`oerlts i` pj`s (twj pet ik`ts ).

5.

8.

E

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\wkmisb b krkmi tery au ct i - 

i`oerlt mkak`t ie ( \wk-bAIM  ) 

]bk oeaicy jo \jure`mkr 

e`m Wëci`mkr (Bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie. Elte

@kurjpetbjc <948=7-8;=65977  )

wes cj`g lj`simkrkm tbkoirst puhc. LEME\IC oeaicy.

\wk-bAIM ]8w AXI 

LEME\IC p.X5=5L 

(Cjw kt ec. Hrei` 5<>4 <;7  “<?76 8>>7) 

\wk-bAIM ]8w AXI 

\wk-bAIM ]8w AXI 

]8w AXI  

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Oketurk \wk-bAIM LEME\IC (\tkvk`s 

p.X5=5L) 

@j. eookltkm 9 =

Ake` egk et j`skt ( µ \M) <=.? µ <.= =2 µ <

J`skt re`gk 89 - <2 <9-;7 

Ake` egk et mketb ==.< µ =.< ?>  µ 7 

Muretij` (ykers) 55 µ 8.5 5=.? µ =.; 

@j. jo strjfk kpisjmks 0= 0? 

Cjw kt ec. Hrei` 8>>765<>, <;7  “<?7  

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LEME\IC, @<KLM \wk-bAIM, @<KLM 

@

]bk ehsk`lk @jtlb < 

KLM (L) e`m GJA (K) 

i` \wk-bAIM e`m tbkir 

prksk`lk i` LEME\IC

(M e`m O).

\wk-bAIM,

k ckltrj` ailrjsljpy K O

LEME\IC,

k cklt rj` ailrjsljpy @

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Miookrk`tiec mieg`jsis LEME\IC vs . \wk-bAIM 

• Aigrei`k kpisjmks hkojrk j`skt jo strjfks ljaaj` i`

LEME\IC, `jt rkljrmkm i` \wk-bAIM

• AXI4 Cksij`s i` tkapjrec cjhks e`m lepsuce kxtkr`e

ljaaj` i` LEME\IC, u`usuec i` \wk-bAIM• \fi` hijpsy4 GJA rkgucercy oju`m i` LEME\IC, `jt i` \wk-

bAIM

I` = akahkrs jo tbk \wkmisb oeaicy `j petbjgk`il autetij`s

wkrk oju`m i` tbk k`tirk 2>95 hp rkemi`g oreak jo @J]LB<`jr lcker kvimk`lk ojr @J]LB< gk`k ci`fegk.

I` \tkvk`s oeaicy p.X5=5L autetij` lj`oirakm LEME\IC mg.

Cjw kt ec. Hrei` 8>>76 5<>, <;7  “<?7  

Oigurks o rja Cjw kt ec Hrei` 8>>76 5<> <;7“<?7

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LEME\IC, B&K 

\wk-bAIM, e-\AE

\wk-bAIM, akmi` 

LEME\IC, e-\AE

\wk-bAIM, B&K 

LEME\IC, akmi` 

\lckrjt il i`m ilks i` 

\wk-bAIM vs .

LEME\IC4 

Orj`tec wb itk aettkr 4 

\wk-bAIM4 ake` >.<> 

% witb ≫ >.;> =.=% 

LEME\IC4 a ke` >.<9 

% witb ≫ >.;>  7.=%

Hesec ge`gc ie4 

\wk-bAIM4 ake` >.<< 

% witb ≫ >.;>  2.<%

LEME\IC4 a ke` >.<? 

% witb ≫ >.;>  59.9%

Lreggs kt ec. Hr ei` 

^etbj c 8>5<68<4;=7-;;7 

Oigurks o rja Cjw kt ec. Hrei` 8>>76 5<>, <;7  “<?7  

 

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

• _erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

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Bkrjvili  \ajjtb au slck elt i`  Ljc cegk` I 

B&K 

Bkrjvili B&K 

Oigs E-L orja Feciaj kt ec. Grkk`oikcm ½ s @kurjpetbjcjgy 2tb km. 8>>26 Oig. M ljurtksy jo Mr. B 

_i`tkrs6 Oig. K orja Eceouzjoo kt ec. Kxp Gkrj`tjc =7 (8>58) 28;-<<

E H  L 

M  O 

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\aecc vksskc miskesk 

E4 Gre`u cer lj rt ilec 

etrjpby 

H e`m L4 saec c i`oerlts 

E H 

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 Etbkrjslckrjsis i` saecc ertkriks is i` pri`lipck siaicer esi` cergkr vksskcs. I` hrei` ertkriks it lrkkps mjw` tj

saecckr hre`lbks e`m aey leusk stk`jsis jr jllcusij`.

Kahjci mktelbkm orja pcequks jo cergkr vksskcs le` cjmgk i`

saecc ertkriks e`m leusk jllcusij`.

 

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

• _erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

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\wkmisb (p.FA?7>-?75@C)

Jutkr ceykr 

I``kr ceykr Ocjrime (p.I75?_)

↞ Erltil (p.K?9<G), Mutlb (p.K?9<U),

Itecie` (p.K?9<F)

Ockaisb (p.E?98G) 

  ↕Ijwe (p.M?9=@)

_ 0 O (I`mie`e), _ 0 G jr 0 I(Cj`mj`)

e-sklrktesk

h-sklrktesk

g-sklrktesk

Itecie` rklkss (p.E?7<_) ↘ 

 ┎ Io tbk autetij` is i` Eh, eay-

cjim is autetkm jr aut+wt.

 ┎ Io tbk autetij` is i` ajcklu-

cks rkguceti`g Eh prjlkssi`g,

eaycjim is jo wicm typk (wt)

Jllipi tec ljr tkxLj`gj rkm ]bijo cevi`

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Eh5-=> 

Jllipi te c ljrtkx 

Eh5-=> 

Lj`gj rkm 

+ hirkor i`gk`l k  B&K 

Kckltrj` a ilrjslj py4 Eh eaycj im o ihr i cs 

(Erl t il EM muk tj p .K?9<G autet ij` i` E θ^^) 

]bijo cevi` 

Lkrkhrec eay- 

cj im e`gijpetby 

(LEE ) eooklts 

vksskcs jo ec c 

s izk i`lcum i`g 

sa ecc ertkr iks 

mjw ` tj lep i c- 

cer iks.

‑ mjuhck herrkci`g ‑  

(bkrk tbk kxtkr`ec mieaktkrs erk tbk seak

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LEME\IC LEEB&K  Lj`gj rkm 

LEME\IC

LEE

3

LEME\IC WA4 ertkr ij cks 

(@<KLM) 

LEME\IC

3

(bkrk tbk kxtkr`ec mieaktkrs erk tbk seak 

ILB jo cjher typ k 

Jllip i tec lj r tkx J i i cI` LEE E jotk`

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Jllip i tec lj rtkx,

Erlt il EM muk tj 

p.K?9<G autetij` 

i` E θ^^ 

Eh5-=> 

Jllip i te c lj rtkx 

i` spj rem il EM 

E .

Oig. E4 Feciaj kt ec. Elte @kurjpetb Ljaa 8>5< i` pri`t, Oigs H e`m L4 ]bec kt ec. @kurjhijc 

 Egi`g <> (8>>9) 59<?-=2 

I` LEE Eh jotk` 

elluaucetks 

ecsj i` lepi c ce- 

r iks, i` skvkrk 

lesks it leusks 

lepi c cery jll - 

cusij` e`m LHO 

misturhe`lks,

hut r erkcy jvkrt 

i` oerlts.

Lepi c cery LEEaey lj `t r ihu tk 

tj tbk mkgk`kre- 

t ij` jo ̀ kurj`s 

i` E czbkiakr ½ s 

miskesk hy ectkr- i`g/ iapeir i`g 

LHO.

\lckrjt il i`mkx (\I) 

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( )

5  “ (i`tkr`ec mieaktkr/kxtkr`ec m ieaktkr) 

i .k. tbk b igbkr tbk vecuk, tbk tb ilfkr is tb k wecc , e`m i` e` 

jh c i tkretkm ertkry 

\I 1 5  

\LCKXJ]IL I@MKR (\I) E@ECY\I\**

\I \]MK_ ]-]K\]

LEME\IC

WA (`1989) >,7< >,5= ^3>.>5LJX]KR (`18;>) >,;? >,5< ^1>.><

LJ@]XJC\

WA (`1852) >,=; >,5?

LJX]KR (`18;2) >,;< >,5?lwEM

WA (`18<8) >,=< >,5<

LJX]KR (`1=5?) >,=2 >,5<

**4 hcjjm vksskcs witb kxtkr`ec mieaktkr ckss tbe` <> aa erk kxlcumkm.

^\5M9 EM

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Wkcckr kt ec. Hrei` ^etbjcjgy 8>>26 524 8;< “8?? 

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LEXE\IC  

(lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• Oirst rkpjrtkm hy Aekme kt ec. i` tbrkk sihci`g petik`ts orja e

Depe`ksk oeaicy prkciai`ericy i` 59?; e`m i` grketkr mkteic 

597? witb \. Aekme es tbk oirst eutbjrs, bk`lk hkk` ecsj

lecckm Aekme sy`mrjak. Ehjut ;> lesks mieg`jskm, aei`cy i`

Depe`, hut ecsj i` Lbi`e e`m 5 Leulesie` petik`t i` \pei`.

• J`skt  muri`g petik`t’s twk`tiks tj kercy tbirtiks es e veslucj-

 petbil suhljrtilec k`lkpbecjpetby witbjut bypkrtk`sij`.

• @kurjcjgil syaptjas4 skvkrk psylbjajtjr mktkrijretij`

leuskm hy suhljrtilec k`lkpbecjpetby4 k.g. mysertbrie,myspbegie, kajtij`ec i`stehicity, e`m spestil geit.

• @j`-`kurjcjgil syaptjas erk k.g4 ecjpklie, vkrtkhrec misl 

bkr`ietij`, e`m spj`mycjsis mkojrae`s.

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Yeaeajtj kt ec. @kurjpetbjcjgy e`m Eppcikm 

@kurjhijcjgy <7, 9= “55<

LEXE\IC, ak`i`gkec ertkry LEXE\IC WA ertkry

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, g y

LEXE\IC, WA ertkry  Lj`trjc, ak`i`gkec ertkry 

LEME\IC, ak`i`g. ertkry  LEXE\IC, ak`i`g. ertkry 

LEXE\IC4 oihrjus i`tiaec 

 prjciokretij`, spcitti`g jo tbk

i`tkr`ec kcestil ceai`e, e`m 

jllesij`ec byeci`k mkgk-

`kretij`, hut rksucts j` cu-

ai`ec stk`jsis mislrkpe`t. 

\lckrjtil i`mkx4 (` 1 8)

Lj`trjcs4 >.576 >.82 

LEXE\IC WA4 >.8;6 >.<9

LEME\IC WA4 >.?5

Jimk kt ec. @kurjpetbjc, 8>>26 8245<8-5=8 

LEXE\IC, WA ertkry 

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Oirst Leulesie` (\pe`isb ) LEXE\IC petik`t 4 

]8- e`m ]5-wkigbtkm AXI lbe`g ks4  

Mioousk ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby i`vjcvi`g pkrivk`trilucer e`m mkkp WA,i`lcumi`g e`tkrijr tkapjrec cjhks e`m kxtkr`ec lepsucks.

• Auctipck celu`er i`oerlts mkkp WA e`m GA e`m hrei`stka (L e`m M).

• Auctipck ailrj-hckkms i` pj`s, hesec ge`gcie, e`m bkaispbkril suh-ljrtilec WA (K). 

]8w AXI  ]5w AXI  ]8*-GK AXI 

Ak`mijrjz kt ec. @kurjcjgy 8>586 7;4 8><<-<7 

 

B mit cc t m i o h i

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

• _erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

^EMAEC

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Mi`g kt ec D @kurjiaegi`g 8>5>6 8>45<=-5=> 

^EMAEC

^EMAEC, ljccegk` I_ ^EMAEC,

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^EMAEC, e-\AE

, g

^EMAEC, LM?2 a ilrjgie 

^EMAEC, ve` Giksj` -kcestile 

ve` Giksj`-kcestile 

^EMAEC

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^EMAEC

Begkc kt ec. Elte @kurjpetb 8>>=6 5>248<5-=> 

^EMAEC

^EMAEC, ljccegk` I_ 

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, g

^EMAEC , KA 

 

• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei`

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• Bkrkmitery sa ecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• LEME\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ertkrijpetby witbsuhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby  )

• \wk-bAIM (\wkmisb bkrkmitery aucti-i`oerlt mkak`tie)• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

• LEXE\IC (lkrkhrec eutjsjaec rklkssivk ertkrijpetby witb

suhljrtilec i`oerlts e`m ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby)

• ^EMAEC (pj`ti`k eutjsjaec mjai`e`t ailrje`gijpetby e`m 

ckufjk`lkpbecjpetby )• Xkt i`ec veslucjpetby w itb lkrkhrec ckufjmystrjp by (X_LC)

• LJC=E5 essjlietkm \EMH

• Oehry m iskesk 

• _erie 

• \pjremil saecc ertkry m iskesks j o hrei` 

• Ertkr ij cjsl ckrjs is  (–Hi`swe`gkr½s miskesk‑) 

• LEE (lkrkhrec eaycjim e`gijpetby)

Xkti`ec veslucjpetby witb lkrkhrec ckufj-

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p y

mystrjpby (X_LC), jo typk BKX@\

(bkrkmitery k`mjtbkcijpetby, rkti`jpetby,

`kpbrjpetby, witb strjfk-cifk kpisjmks),

is leuskm hy autetij`s i` ]XKR5 (tbrkk

 priak rkpeir kxj`ulckesk 5) LM?2 ojr ailrjgcie

@kurjoiceak`t 

Oigurks l jur tksy j o Mr. B _i`tkrs  B&K 

@jrmil LEME\IC rkskerlb grjup

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  @jrmil LEME\IC rkskerlb grjup  

Lci`ilec stumiks

 “ Aetti _iite`k` [ jo ], Ferjc I`st  “ \use``e Xji`k [ jo ] 

 “ Euci _krffj`ikai [ jo B  

^etbjcjgy 

 “ Be``u Feciaj [ jo B  “ Ciise Ayccyfe`ges [ jo B 

 “ Ui`g Aiej [ jo ] 

Gk`ktils

 “ Ai``e ^ÿybÿ`k` [ jo B 

 “ Aeide \iitj`k` (`kk Du``e)* [ jo ] 

 “ ^ktre ^ese`k`* [ jo ] 

^rjtkjails e`m ajcklucer hijcjgy 

 “ Aerl Heuae`` [ jo B 

 “ \eere ]iffe [ jo B 

 “ Aelikd Cecjwsfi [ jo B 

 “ [rhe` Ck`mebc e`m tkea Ferjc I`st 

Iaegi`g e`m ^K] stumiks

 “ Dube Xi``k [ jo ] 

 “\use``e Xji`k [ jo ] 

Jpbtbecajcjgy 

 “ ]krj Fivkcí [ jo B 

 “^euce \uaae`k` [ jo B 

[ jo B 1 [`iv jo Bkcsi`fi, Oi`ce`m [ jo ] 1 [`iv jo ]urfu, Oi`ce`m Ferjc I`st 1 Ferjci`sfe I`st, \wkmk`

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LEME\IC4 ]8w AXI w itb lj`- 

o cuk`t bypkri`tk`si t iks 

Djk`suu 

Bkcsi`fi 

^jri 

_eese 

X5<<L X528L 

↕ 

]urfu

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]urfu ljet jo eras