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DRAFT TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT

Development of Multi Cargo Portwith

Supporting Utilities & Infrastructure Facilities,

Hazira, District - Surat, Gujarat

Prepared for

M/s. Adani Hazira Port Private Limited

Hazira, District - Surat, Gujarat

Prepared by

Accredited EIA Consultant Organization

Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1011/011

Cholamandalam MS Risk Services LimitedPARRY House, 4

thFloor,

No:2, N.S.C Bose Road, Chennai - 600 001

CMSRSL/EED/ENV/11/103/04, February 2012

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Terrestrial EIA studies for Development of Multi-Cargo Port with Supporting Utilities and

Infrastructure Facilities, Hazira, District Surat, Gujarat M/s. Adani Hazira Port Private Ltd

CMSRSL/EED/ENV/11/103/04, February 2012 2

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 11

1.1 Background ............................................................................................................... 11

1.2 Location of project site .............................................................................................. 12

1.3 Justification of the project site ................................................................................... 15

1.4 Need for EIA Studies ................................................................................................. 15

1.5 Terms of Reference for Terrestrial EIA studies .......................................................... 16

1.6 EIA Study Methodology ............................................................................................ 16

1.7 Structure of the EIA report ........................................................................................ 17

2. Project Description .......................................................................................................... 19

2.1 General ...................................................................................................................... 19

2.2 Multi Cargo Port Development An Overview ......................................................... 20

2.2.1 Coal Berth .......................................................................................................... 222.2.2 Container Berths ................................................................................................. 22

2.2.3 Liquid Berth ....................................................................................................... 22

2.2.4 Liquid Cargo Storage and Handling .................................................................... 23

2.2.5 Multi Cargo Berth, Handling and Storage Facilities ............................................ 25

2.2.6 Multi Cargo Berth (Automobile) ......................................................................... 25

2.3 Associated Infrastructures Development .................................................................... 26

2.3.1 Fire Safety .......................................................................................................... 26

2.3.2 Bunkering ........................................................................................................... 27

2.3.3 Buildings ............................................................................................................ 27

2.3.4 Dust Suppression systems ................................................................................... 27

2.3.5 Power ................................................................................................................. 27

2.3.6 Water Demand .................................................................................................... 28

2.3.7 Drainage system ................................................................................................. 29

2.3.8 Effluent Treatment Plant ..................................................................................... 29

2.3.9 Sewage Treatment Plant ...................................................................................... 29

2.3.10 Rail Connectivity and HT Power Transmission line .......................................... 30

2.3.11 International Ship and Port Facility Security ..................................................... 30

3.0 Description of Baseline Environment ............................................................................ 33

3.1 Topography of the study area..................................................................................... 33

3.2 Land Environment ..................................................................................................... 35

3.3 Soil Quality of the study area ..................................................................................... 42

3.4 Water Environment ................................................................................................... 44

3.4.1 Ground Water Quality ......................................................................................... 44

3.4.2 Surface Water Quality ......................................................................................... 44

3.5 Regional Climatology and Meteorology .................................................................... 47

3.5.1 Sources of Information........................................................................................ 47

3.5.2 Observations ....................................................................................................... 49

3.5.3 On-Site Meteorology .......................................................................................... 49

3.6 Ambient Air Quality .................................................................................................. 53

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3.6.1 Selection of AAQ Monitoring Locations ............................................................. 53

3.6.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results and Discussions ................................ 56

3.7 Noise Environment .................................................................................................... 58

3.8 Biological Environment ............................................................................................. 60

3.8.1 Conditions during the survey period .................................................................... 60

3.8.2 Methodology ...................................................................................................... 62

3.8.3 Overview of the Survey Sites .............................................................................. 63

3.8.4 Flora of the Survey Area ..................................................................................... 65

3.8.5 Classification of the Vegetation .......................................................................... 68

3.8.6 People and Local Plant Biodiversity .................................................................... 69

3.8.7 Fauna of the Survey Area .................................................................................... 72

3.8.8 Protection Status of Higher Fauna ....................................................................... 78

3.8.9 Biodiversity Indices ............................................................................................ 79

3.8.10 Ecologically Important Sites ............................................................................. 79

3.8.11 Salient Findings of the Survey .......................................................................... 80

3.9 Existing Road and Traffic .......................................................................................... 80

3.10 Socio-Economic Environment ................................................................................. 82

3.10.1 Primary Survey ................................................................................................. 82

3.10.2 Secondary Socio economic details .................................................................... 89

4.0 Terrestrial Environmental Impact Assessment and Prediction ........................................ 92

4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 92

4.2 Rehabilitation and Resettlement Aspects ................................................................... 93

4.3 Environmental Impact Assessment - Construction Phase ........................................... 944.3.1 Dredged Soils and Construction Debris Assessment ............................................ 94

4.3.2 Construction Phase Air Quality Assessment ........................................................ 94

4.3.3 Noise Emission Assessment ................................................................................ 95

4.3.4 Wastewater Assessment ...................................................................................... 95

4.3.5 Solid/Hazardous Waste Assessment .................................................................... 96

4.3.6 Construction Phase Storm Water Runoff ............................................................. 96

4.3.7 Indirect Employment and Construction Workers Colony ..................................... 96

4.4 Environmental Impact Assessment - Operational Phase ............................................. 97

4.4.1 Air Quality Impacts ............................................................................................ 97

4.4.2 Prediction of Impacts due to Handling of Bulk-Material (Coal) ......................... 103

4.4.2.1 Source of Fugitive Coal Dust ..................................................................... 103

4.4.2.2 Fugitive Coal Dust Control Program .......................................................... 103

4.4.2.3 Fugitive Coal Dust Emission Modeling ...................................................... 104

4.4.3 Noise Emissions and Impacts ............................................................................ 110

4.4.4 Environmental Impacts on Water Resources and Wastewater Discharges .......... 115

4.4.5 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Generation and Disposal Method ................ 117

4.4.6 Ecological and Biological Environmental Impacts ............................................ 118

4.4.7 Sociological and Cultural Impacts ..................................................................... 119

4.4.8 Impact on Road Traffic ..................................................................................... 119

4.5 Summary of Predicted Environmental Impacts ........................................................ 120

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5.0 Terrestrial Environment Management Plan .................................................................. 122

5.1 Construction Phase Environment Management Plan ................................................ 122

5.2 Operational Phase Environment Management Plan .................................................. 124

5.2.1 Air Quality Management Plan ........................................................................... 124

5.2.2 Noise Control and Abatement Plan ................................................................... 125

5.2.3 Wastewater Management .................................................................................. 126

5.2.4 Storm Water Management Plan ......................................................................... 127

5.2.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management.......................................................... 127

5.2.6 Greenbelt and Plantation ................................................................................... 128

5.2.7 Community Development Plan ......................................................................... 131

5.2.8 Terrestrial Environmental Monitoring Program ................................................. 132

5.2.9 Institutional Arrangements for Environment Protection and Conservation ......... 135

6.0 Additional Studies ....................................................................................................... 137

6.1 Public Consultation ................................................................................................. 137

6.2 Marine intake and outfall studies ............................................................................. 137

6.3 Risk Analysis .......................................................................................................... 137

6.4 Ship Simulation Study ............................................................................................. 138

6.5 Oil Spill Risk Analysis and Contingency plan.......................................................... 138

6.6 CRZ Study .............................................................................................................. 138

7.0 Project Benefits ........................................................................................................... 139

8.0 Summary and Conclusions .......................................................................................... 140

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List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Project Location Map ........................................................................................ 13

Figure 2.1: Layout of Proposed Port 5 year Development ................................................. 21

Figure 2.2: Port Security System ......................................................................................... 32

Figure 3.1: Topography of the Study Area ........................................................................... 34

Figure 3.2: Satellite Imagery of the study area ..................................................................... 36

Figure 3.3: Land use Map (Level 1) with 10 Km Buffer Zone of Study Area ....................... 37

Figure 3.4: Level 1 Classification of Study Area in Percentage............................................ 38

Figure 3.5: Land use map (Level II) of 10km buffer zone of the study area ......................... 40

Figure 3.6: Level 2 Classification of the Study Area ............................................................ 41

Figure 3.7: Soil Sampling Locations .................................................................................... 43

Figure 3.8: Water Sampling Locations ................................................................................ 46

Figure 3.9: Temperature variation during the study period ................................................... 50Figure 3.10: Relative Humidity variation during the Study Period ....................................... 51

Figure 3.11: Wind Rose Diagram for the Study Period (April to June 2011) ........................ 52

Figure 3.12: Wind Rose Diagram for Study Period Day time ............................................ 52

Figure 3.13: Stability Rose for the Study Period (April to June) .......................................... 53

Figure 3.14: Ambient Air Quality Locations in Study area (10 km Radius) ......................... 55

Figure 3.15: Noise Monitoring Locations ............................................................................ 59

Figure 3.16: Floral Species .................................................................................................. 71

Figure 3.17: Photographs of Floral Species in Study Area ................................................... 72

Figure 3.18: Photographs of Faunal Species in Study Area .................................................. 74

Figure 4.1: Peak 24-Hours GLCs of SO2 Due to Ship Emissions ........................................ 99

Figure 4.2: Peak 24-Hours GLCs of SO2 Due to Ship Emissions ...................................... 100

Figure 4.3: Peak 24-Hours GLCs of NOx Due to Ship Emissions ...................................... 101

Figure 4.4: Peak 24-Hours GLCs of NOx Due to Ship Emissions ...................................... 102

Figure 4.5: Peak 24-Hours GLCs of PM10 Due to Coal Dust Emissions ........................... 106




Figure 4.9: Predicted Noise Levels (dBA) ......................................................................... 113

Figure 4.10: Predicted Noise Levels (dBA) ....................................................................... 114Figure 5.1: Green Zone Details of Proposed Hazira Port ................................................... 130

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List of Tables

Table 1.1: Environmental Settings of the Study Area........................................................... 14

Table 1.2: Details of Cargo & its capacity for Granted EC and Proposed for EC ................. 15Table 2.1 Land-Breakup Details of the overall Port Development Plan ................................ 19

Table 2.2: Liquid Cargo Tank Farm Development Plan ....................................................... 24

(Phase IB Immediate Development Year 2012-13/2017-18) .......................................... 24

Table 2.3: Liquid Cargo Tank Farm Development Plan ....................................................... 24

(Phase IB Future Development Year 2018/19 onwards).................................................... 24

Table 2.4: Traffic Projection for the Port (MMT) During 2017-18 (5 years) ........................ 25

Table 2.5: Water Consumption Details in the Port Area (MLD).......................................... 28

Table 3.1: Data procured for Land use / Land cover ............................................................ 35

Table 3.2: Level 1 Classification of the Study Area ............................................................. 38Table 3.3: Level 2 classification of the study area is detailed below..................................... 39

Table 3.4: Soil Sampling Locations ..................................................................................... 43

Table 3.5: Water Quality Monitoring Stations ..................................................................... 45

Table 3.6: Indian Meteorological Department Climatological Tables ................................ 48

Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ........................................................ 55

Table 3.8: Ambient Air Quality Results (98th percentile values) ......................................... 56

Table 3.9: Measured Noise Results...................................................................................... 60

Table 3.10: Surveyed Villages ............................................................................................. 82

Table 3.11: Village household and sample size .................................................................... 83

Table 3.12: Stratification of the members of households in terms of gender and age ............ 84

Table 3.13: Principal source of livelihood of the respondents .............................................. 85

Table 3.14: Literacy status of the respondents ..................................................................... 85

Table 3.15: Health Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 86

Table 3.16: Anganwadi in villages ...................................................................................... 87

Table 3.17: Infrastructure at village level ............................................................................ 88

Table 3.18: Population Details ............................................................................................ 89

Table 3.19: Vulnerable Community Population Details ....................................................... 90

Table 3.20: Village wise details of Occupational Pattern in the Study Area ......................... 90

Table 3.21: Health Infrastructure in the Study Area ............................................................. 91Table 4.1: Typical Hourly Meteorological Data of the Project Site (May 2011) ................... 98

Table 4.2: Typical Water Balance ..................................................................................... 116

Table 4.3: Solid and Hazardous Wastes Generated and their Management ........................ 118

Table 4.4: Summary of Predicted Environmental Impacts ................................................. 120

Table 5.1: Budgeted Expenditure for CSR and Community Development Activities ......... 132

Table 5.2: Environmental Monitoring Program during Operation Phase ............................ 133

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List of Annexure

Annexure 1: Application for Diversion of Forest Land

Annexure 2: Copies of Earlier Environmental, CRZ Clearances and its Compliance report

Annexure 3: Soil Quality and Dredged Soil Analysis Report

Annexure 4: Water Quality Analysis Report

Annexure 5: Ambient Air Quality Report

Annexure 6: Noise Level Monitoring Report

List of Appendices

Appendix 1: Report on Marine intake and outfall Studies

Appendix 2: Risk Assessment Report

Appendix 3: Ship Maneuvering Study Report

Appendix 4: Oil Spill Contingency Plan

Appendix 5: CRZ Study Report

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Abbreviations

AHPPL Adani Hazira Port Private Limited

AAQ Ambient Air Quality

AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

NH3 Ammonia

As Arsenic

BDL Below Detectable Limit

C6H6 Benzene

BaP Benzo-pyrene particulate

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand

CO2 Carbon dioxide

CO Carbon monoxide

CEC Cation Exchange Capacity

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

CMSRSL Cholamandalam MS Risk Services Limited

CD Coastal Depth

CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone

CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

dB Decibel

DFC Dedicated Freight Corridor

DMIC Delhi - Mumbai Industrial Corridor

DOC De-oiled Cake

DG Diesel Generator

ETP Effluent Treatment Plant

EC Environmental Clearance

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP Environment Management Plan

Leq Equivalent Continuous Sound Pressure Level

EAC Expert Appraisal Committee

FRM Fertilizer Raw material

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GLC Ground Level Concentration

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GDFE Gujarat Department of Forest and Environment

GMB Gujarat Maritime Board

GSEG Gujarat State Energy Generation Limited

GPCB Gujarat State Pollution Control Board

HPPL Hazira Port Private Limited

HFO Heavy Fuel Oil

Ha Hectares

HTL High Tide Line

HH Household

IS India Standard Specifications

IMD Indian Meteorological Department

IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite

ISCST Industrial Source Short-term Air Quality Model

ICD Inland Container Depot

ISPS International Ship and Port Facility Security

KVA Kilo Volt-Ampere

km Kilometer

kmph Kilometers per hour

KW Kilowatt

kWh Kilowatt hour

KRIBHCO Krishak Bharati Cooperative Limited

L&T Larsen and Toubro

Pb Lead

LISS Linear Imaging Self Scanning

LNG Liquefied Natural gas

LTL Low Tide Line

MT Metric tonnes

MLD Million Liters per Day

MMTPA Million Metric Tonnes per Annum

MTEU Million tonnes per Annum Equivalent

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests

MPSEZL Mundra Port and Special Economic Zone Private LimitedNAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

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NH National Highway

NRSA National Remote Sensing Agency

NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation

Ni Nickel

OM Office Memorandum

ONGC Oil and Natural Gas Corporation

OISD Oil Industry Safety Directorate

O&M Operation and Maintenance

NOX Oxides of Nitrogen

O3 Ozone

PM Particulate Matter

PHC Primary Health Centre

QCI Quality Council of India

RF Reserved Forest

R&R Resettlement and Rehabilitation

RO-RO Roll-on/Roll-off

SC Scheduled Castes

ST Scheduled Tribes

STP Sewage Treatment Plant

SAR Sodium Absorption Ratio

SO2 Sulphur dioxide

SOI Survey of India

TIFF Tagged Image File Format

TOR Terms of Reference

TDS Total Dissolved Solids

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

WTP Water Treatment Plant

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1. Introduction

1.1 Background

M/s. Adani Hazira Port Private Limited (AHPPL) has been promoted by Mundra Port and

Special Economic Zone Limited (MPSEZL) as a separate company for Development,

Construction, Operation, Maintenance of Multi-Cargo Port and related infrastructure at

Hazira Port. The port was conceived as part of a concession agreement signed between

Hazira Port Private Limited (HPPL, promoted by SHELL Company) and Gujarat Maritime

Board (GMB). The development of Hazira Port was originally planned by SHELL Company

as Phase 1A and 1B.

Coastal Regulation Zone Clearance (CRZ) and Environmental Clearance was issued by

Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of India MoEF vide letter No. J-

16011/11/2003-IA-III on 26th June 2003 followed by amendments made to previous

Environmental Clearance dated 19th

February, 2007 for Phase 1A and Phase 1B. HPPL made

an application to MoEF dated 11th February 2011 for transfer of CRZ and Environmental

Clearance to AHPPL.

Phase 1A was already been developed for handling LNG cargo by HPPL. While developing

approved Phase 1B, AHPPL is seeking EC for minor alteration in basin, liquid cargo

handling with storage facilities, other dry and general cargo, Ro-Ro terminal for automobile

handling, deepening of channel and supporting infrastructure facilities with additional arterial

road network connecting to NH-6 and internal road, rail connectivity to all terminals and HT

Power Transmission line.

As per 15 year Master Plan of AHPPL, Adani Hazira Port shall have 12 multipurpose berths

which consist of Container berth (4 Nos), Coal berth (2 Nos), other dry bulk cargo berth (2

Nos), Liquid berth (3 Nos) and Automobile berth (1 Ro-Ro berth). Phase 1B which is part of

first 5 year development plan includes 7 berth such as Container berth (2 Nos), Coal berth (1

No), Liquid berth (1 No), Multipurpose berth (3 No). The other development includes

deepening and maintenance of channel, basin and jetty sites with (-) 15 m CD draft, back-up

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facilities like container yard, rail sidings, rail and truck loading facilities, sea water intake and

marine outfall facilities.

The project proponent has submitted an application to MoEF along with draft Terms of

Reference (TOR) for approval during February 2011. Based on the 98th Expert Appraisal

Committee meeting held on 3rd to 4th March, 2011, MoEF has issued Terms of Reference

(TOR) for the proposed project dated 7th

April, 2011. AHPPL appointed Cholamandalam MS

Risk Services Limited (CMSRSL), a QCI Accredited EIA consulting organization for

undertaking Terrestrial EIA studies for Development of Multi Cargo Port with Supporting

Utilities & Infrastructure Facilities, Hazira, District-Surat, Gujarat. CMSRSL has undertaken

the Terrestrial EIA Studies due to changes in Port Development Plan, capacity enhancement

of infrastructure facilities at the AHPPL and studied impact related to terrestrial component

(excluding marine components) and prepared the Terrestrial EIA report as per approved TOR

issued by MoEF to seek prior Environmental Clearance for the proposed Port Development

Project.

1.2 Location of project site

AHPPL is situated in the west coast of India and located at a distance of 25km from the

Surat City in the State of Gujarat and at 130 nautical miles north of Mumbai. Surat Railway

Station is major rail network junction located at a distance of 25 km and NH-6 connected to

AHPPL (connecting Visarwadi, Gujarat and Deori, Chhattisgarh). Hazira village is the

nearest habitation located at a distance of 2.0 km towards North direction from the port area.

The nearest airport, Surat Airport is located at a distance of 40 km by road and 13 km by

aerial distance from the port.

The project site is located in Hazira area and surrounded by Tapti River in the East and the

Arabian Sea in the West. The area is characterized by marshy lands and water bodies like,

Estuaries and Rivers and planted Forest Land located adjacent towards Eastern side of the

project area. Total project has approximately 853.27 hectares out of which green belt area

covers 81.27 hectares. The project proponent has submitted applications to the Deputy

Conservator of Forests, Vyara Forest Division, District-Surat for diversion of forest land of

about 376.64 Ha for the project. The copies of the relevant communications are enclosed as

Annexure-1.

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Project location map is shown in Figure 1.1and Environmental setting of the study area is

given in Table 1.1.

Figure 1.1: Project Location Map

Gujarat State

Gujarat State Map

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Table 1.1: Environmental Settings of the Study Area

S. No. Particulars Details

1 Latitude 21

o

0358 to 21

o

07 44 N2 Longitude 72o35 00 to 72o3900 E

3 Elevation above MSL 7 m

4 Climatic conditions(Annual as per IMD-Surat)

Annual Mean Max Temp: 37.20C

(Summer)

Annual Mean Min Temp: 17.10C (Winter)

Annual Total Rainfall: 1288.8 mm

Predominant Wind Direction : SW, NE

5 Site specific climatological

data (Pre-monsoon season

2011)

Maximum Temperature: 39 0C

Minimum Temperature: 19 0C

Predominant wind direction: SW, WSW and

W6 Nearest Highway NH-6, < 1km, E

7 Nearest Railway station Surat R.S , 25 km, NE

8 Nearest Air Port Surat,13 km (Aerial), NE

9 Reserve Forest Dumas RF, 7.6 km, E

Hazira Mangroves Forest 7 km, NE

10 Ecologically sensitive zones Mindhola Estuary, 8 km, SE

Tapti Estuary, 2.7 km, E

Suvali Beach, 8 km NNW

Dumas Beach, 7 km, EVillages of Rajgiri and Suwali having richer

Biodiversity (about 9 km, N)

11 Archaeological monuments Nil in 15 km Radius

12 Water bodies Arabian sea

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1.3 Justification of the project site

The port is being developed based on the traffic forecast prepared by AHPPL up to 2026-27.

The volume of cargo handling is expected to touch 31.15 MMTPA during 2017-18 and will

reach the ultimate capacity of 84.10 MMTPA during 2026-27. The types of cargos to be

handled are Coal, Fertilizer & FRM, Liquid, Steel, De-oiled Cake, Automobile, Containers.

The port once operational will contribute significantly to the national economy due to the

Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) and Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) that are

expected to handle huge volume of traffic at Western Ports of India. In addition, to this,

Gujarat GDP also has shown robust growth contributing the overall development of the state

making the site as an advantage location. The details of the inventory are proposed to be

handled that are presented in the following Table 1.2.

Table 1.2: Details of Cargo & its capacity for Granted EC and Proposed for EC

S. No. Type of Cargo

Proposed Capacity

expected to Handle

during 2017-18

(MMTPA)

Proposed capacity

to handled, 2026

(MMTPA)

1 Containers 14.4 36.0

2 Coal 10.4 36

3 Steel 1.0 1.3

4 Other Dry Bulk 3.3 5.4

5 Automobiles 0.1 0.4

6 Liquid Bulk 1.95 5.0

Total 31.15 84.1

1.4 Need for EIA Studies

As per EIA Notification 14th

September, 2006, development of Ports, Harbours, breakwaters,

dredging exceeding greater than or equal to 5 Million Tons per Annum (MTPA) of cargo

handling capacity need to obtain prior Environmental Clearance before development. As

discussed in the previous sections, the multi-cargo port has obtained EC during 2003 and the

contents of EC amended in 2007 including increase in number of berths for development of

11 berthing facility. Now the proposal is seeking environmental clearance for minor

alteration in basin, liquid cargo handling along with storage facilities, other dry and general

cargo, Ro-Ro terminal for automobile handling, the dredging up to -15.0m CD, supporting

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infrastructure facilities along with additional arterial road network connecting to NH6 and

internal road, rail connectivity to all terminals.

1.5 Terms of Reference for Terrestrial EIA studies

MoEF issued TOR for the proposed project dated 7thApril 2011 based on 98thEAC meeting

held on 3rd

to 4th March 2011. The approved TOR for conducting Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) studies to obtain Environmental Clearance for the Development of Multi-

Cargo Port with supporting utilities and infrastructure facilities is listed below. Compliance

against Terms of Reference issued by MoEF vide letter No. F.No.11-150/2010. IA-III dated

7thApril 2011 for preparation of EIA report. The details of earlier environmental clearances

existing AHHPL facilities and its compliance reports are enclosed as Annexure-2.

1.6 EIA Study Methodology

Detailed review of the feasibility report, Environmental Clearance Letter issued by MoEF

during 2003, 2007 for the proposed project have been carried out. 10 km radius of study area

was marked using latitudes and longitudes of the project site. For all major environmental

components, primary data was generated and compared with available historical/published

information for assessment of various environmental components to develop Environmental

Management Plan.

Land use pattern was mapped within 10 km radius from the proposed AHPPL site using GIS

II remote sensing maps followed by ground truth verification. Baseline monitoring program

was undertaken during pre-monsoon 2011 to establish the background air quality, ground

water and marine water quality, soil quality, noise levels in the study area. Site specific

meteorological data was collected during study period from the permanent weather station

installed at AHPPL site. Ecology and biodiversity studies were carried out for terrestrial part

of the study area. Field Survey was undertaken to develop socio-economic profile of the

study area and was compared with published census data to develop socio-economic profile

of the study area. A detailed review on the possible environmental discharges such as liquid

and solid wastes was undertaken. Impact Assessment of various environmental components

have been carried out using standard EIA tools and techniques with appropriate input of

primary and secondary baseline data to determine the significance of the impact. Various

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activities that are envisaged during construction and operation phase of the proposed project

were evaluated for its significance. Based on the impact, suitable environmental management

plan was developed to mitigate the pollution. Risk assessment study, oil spill contingency

plan, emergency response plan are also prepared for the proposed project.

1.7 Structure of the EIA report

This environmental impact assessment study report is organized into eight sections and all

relevant aspects as per MoEF guidelines and EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent

amendments thereon has been addressed in this report.

Section 1 details about the Introduction, project back-ground, justification of project site,

approved TOR, EIA methodology adopted for conduction of EIA studies

Section 2presents project description of Multi-cargo port along with utilities and supporting

infrastructure facilities.

Section 3describes about the existing baseline environmental conditions of the study area of

10km radius from the project site. Various Environmental Components such as air quality,

water quality, noise levels, micrometeorological information, ecological and biological

aspects and socioeconomic details have been presented. This information has been used for

predicting the cumulative positive and negative environmental impact arises during the

construction and operational phases of the proposed activities.

Section 4of the report discusses about the residual environment impact during operation of

the facility. Environmental Impact Assessment was made using modeling techniques,

mathematical model taking in to account of baseline parameters. Potential environmental

impacts have been assessed to establish the need for any additional risk mitigation measures

if required. Based on the findings of the study, site specific environmental management plan

have been developed.

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2. Project Description

2.1 General

M/s. AHPPL proposed to develop the port in two phases under Phase 1B such as first 5 year

(2012-2017) and future development. First 5 year development includes construction of berth

such as Container berth (2 Nos), Coal berth (1 No), Liquid Berth (1 No), Multipurpose berth

(3 No). The other associated development includes deepening and maintenance of channel,

basin and jetty sites with (-) 15 m CD draft, back-up facilities like container yard, rail sidings,

rail and truck loading facilities, sea water intake and marine outfall of effluent combined withdesalination plant rejects disposal and shifting of NIKO effluent pipeline and identification

of disposal site. The land break-up details of the overall Port Development Plan is shown in

Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Land-Breakup Details of the overall Port Development Plan

S. No. Area Description Total Area in Hectares

1 Container Freight Station Area 90.82

2 Coal Stack yard Area 112.44

3 Warehouse Area/CFS Area 68.49

4 Automobile PDI Area 32.61

5 Steel Yard Area 13.00

6 Liquid/Bulk Cargo Storage Area 51.26

7 Container Back-up Area 61.87

8 Dry Cargo Godowns Area 14.53

9 Road Area 94.25

10 Railway Area 81.82

11 Port Workers Amenity Center Area 20.51

12 Steel and Project Cargo Assembling Area 13.00

13 Truck Parking Area 33.42

14 Green Belt 81.27

15 Land for Future Development for SHELL 20.00

16 Probable Reclamation Area towards South Side 84.00

Total 873.27

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2.2 Multi Cargo Port Development An Overview

Multi Cargo Port at Hazira comprising of 7 berths with utilities and supporting infrastructures

such as roads, rail connectivity, power, water supply, communication network, fire fighting

system, liquid and solid waste collection and treatment, drainage system are proposed.

Figure 2.1 shows Layout Plan for proposed Port Development for first 5 year period.The

proposed Adani Hazira Port limits are given below.

Reference Points Latitude Longitude

A1 21o07 42 N 72

o36 42 E

A2a 21

o

07 42 N 72

o

35 54 EA2b 21o06 42 N 72o35 00 E

A3 21o04 24 N 72

o35 00 E

A4 21o04 00 N 72o37 00 E

A5 21o04 35 N 72o37 35 E

A6 21o03 58 N 72

o38 20 E

A7 21o04 52 N 72o39 00 E

A8 21o05 26 N 72

o39 00 E

B 21o05 05 N 72

o38 19 E

C 21

o

05 10 N 72

o

38 20 ED 21o05 27 N 72o38 14 E

E 21o05 36 N 72

o38 03 E

F 21o05 59 N 72o37 53 E

G 21o06 02 N 72

o37 51 E

H 21o06 07 N 72

o37 51 E

I 21o06 17 N 72o37 43 E

J 21o06 17 N 72o37 43 E

K 21o06 27 N 72

o37 41 E

L 21o06 27 N 72o37 41 E

M 21o06 32 N 72o37 40 E

N 21o06 39 N 72

o37 42 E

O 21o06 42 N 72o37 42 E

P 21o06 47 N 72

o37 39 E

Q 21o06 54 N 72

o37 37 E

R 21o06 58 N 72o37 35 E

S 21o07 03 N 72o37 45 E

T 21o07 09 N 72

o37 54 E

U 21o07 44 N 72o37 53 E

Source: Gujarat Government Gazette, Vol. LI, 19thMarch 2010/PHALGUNA 28/1931

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CMSRSL/EED/ENV/11/103 /04, February 2012 21

Figure 2.1: Layout of Proposed Port 5 year Development

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2.2.1 Coal Berth

It is proposed to have one dedicated coal berth of capacity 10.4 MMTPA by the end of year

2017-2018. Predominantly, imported coal would be handled using Grab Unloaders. The

unloaded coal would then be transferred to stack yard using conveyor systems. The coal will

be stored and recovered in the stack yard using stacker and reclaimer equipment for loading

into rail wagon and truck for onward transportation to the end user. To mitigate fire hazards,

the terminal is proposed to have dedicated fire fighting facilities and dust suppression

systems for controlling fugitive dust emissions. In addition to this, safety and security

systems with adequate environment protection measures have also been proposed.

2.2.2 Container Berths

Container berth is expected to handle 3.00 million TEU by the end of the year 2017-18 and

the number of berths proposed is 2. The berth is proposed to have container yard, container

rail yard, Separate yard for Hazardous and Damaged Containers, Reefer Yard, Container

Handling Equipments, Enclosure Fencing. The major equipments are proposed in the berth

are Rail Mounted Quay (Gantry) Cranes to handle container vessels, Rubber Tyred Gantry

Cranes for Container Yard Operations, Rail Mounted Gantry Cranes for container rail

operations. Each berth will be connected with rail yard for handling ICD traffic and consists

of four lines each.

2.2.3 Liquid Berth

One Liquid Terminal is proposed to handle the liquid volume of 1.95 million Tons during

2017-18. The berth will be connected with terminal through multi-tier pipe rack with

adequate loading and unloading arrangements. To meet any eventualities, fire fighting

systems as per statutory norms shall be provided. In the initial phases of port operations,

liquid cargo is proposed to be handled in multipurpose berths having provision of pipeline

manifold Cargo would be unloaded through pipeline manifold and transferred to dedicated

tank farm through pipelines. Imports from ships are usually handled through ships pumps

while for export from tank farm to ships, dedicated export pumps would be installed in pump

house inside liquid tank farm. Tanker loading and unloading facilities are planned insideliquid tank farm.

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2.2.4 Liquid Cargo Storage and Handling

Suitable liquid cargo storage (tank farm) will be developed at about 3 km away from berths

within the port premises. The Tank farm implementation is planned phase-wise andimplementation of phases as under: 1. Phase 1B immediate development will be taken up

during 2012-13/2017-18 and 2. Phase IB future development will be taken up from 2018-

19 onwards.

The Total Tank farm Storage Facility at the end of the Final Phase would be close to 0.8

million KL capacity for Chemicals, petrochemicals, POL, Base Oil, Non-Classified Oils and

Edible Oils.

All the Multipurpose Berths have provision for Ship loading/unloading facilities with

requisite pipeline manifold. Depending on market conditions, an exclusive liquid berth would

also be built as per Master Plan. However multipurpose berths would continue to service

liquid cargo vessels in case of bunching of vessels. In initial phase of operations, dock lines

are planned from multipurpose berths to liquid tank farm. The dock lines in the berths would

not create hindrance to operations of multipurpose cargoes on these berths.. Initially 5 dock

lines are planned to be laid and would be suitably increased to meet market demands. Out of

5 dock lines, one is 10 SS-316 and remaining 4 pipelines are 12 CS lines. More lines would

be added in multipurpose berths in the future with interconnectivity to proposed tank farms

and future tank farms. Tank farms have provision for vapour recovery system for some of the

chemical products.

The pipelines from multipurpose berths to tank farm are planned in the pipeline corridor

dedicated for Chemicals/Petrochemicals/POL/EO including provision for future lines to

future tank farm. Configurations of the storage capacity tanks proposed for liquid storageterminal is Table 2.2 and Table 2.3.

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Table 2.2: Liquid Cargo Tank Farm Development Plan

(Phase IB Immediate Development Year 2012-13/2017-18)

Note: Few of the tanks would have floating roof arrangements.

Table 2.3: Liquid Cargo Tank Farm Development Plan

(Phase IB Future Development Year 2018/19 onwards)

Phase IB

(2012-13 /

2017-18)

Type of Cargo EnclosureNo. & Capacity

Configurations of Storage Tanks

Chemical

(Acetone, Acrylonitrile,Benzene, Ethanol,Ethylene, Methanol, MotorSpirit/ Naptha, N Hexane,Diesel / Kerosene, Styrene,Toluene, Xylene, Aniline,

Ethylene Acetate, MethylIsobutyl Ketone, Acetic

Acid) /Petrochemicals / Base Oils/ POL Products / Edible Oil

/ Non-Classified Oils

1-29,500 KL

2-38,000 KL

3-27,000 KL

4A-28,800 KL

4B-43,200 KL

4C-27,000 KL

No. Of

Tanks

Capacity

(KL)

Total

(KL)

9 500 4,500

14 1,000 14,000

10 1,500 15,000

17 2,000 34,000

18 3,000 54,000

10 7,200 72,000

Total 193,500 KL

Phase IB

2018-19

onwards

Type of Cargo Enclosure

No. & Capacity

Configurations of Storage Tanks

Chemical(Acetone, Acrylonitrile,

Benzene, Ethanol,Ethylene, Methanol,Motor Spirit/ Naptha, NHexane, Diesel /

Kerosene, Styrene,Toluene, Xylene,

Aniline, EthyleneAcetate, Methyl IsobutylKetone, Acetic Acid) /Petrochemicals / BaseOils / POL Products /

Edible Oil / Non-Classified Oils

5-15,500 KL6-24,500 KL

7-16,500 KL8-40,000KL9-40,000KL10-29500KL

11-42,000KL12-27,000KL

13-60,000KL14-60,000KL15-20,500KL16-23,500KL17-23,500KL

18-48,000KL19-48,000KL

No. Of

Tanks

Capacity

(KL)

Total (KL)

10 500 5,000

32 1,000 32,000

26 1,500 39,000

26 2,000 52,000

36 3,000 108,000

40 5,000 200,000

6 16,000 96,000

Total 532,000 KL

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2.3 Associated Infrastructures Development

Associated infrastructure facilities proposed to be developed are internal rails, roads and

access roads connecting all terminals from the hinter land as part of development plan.

Utilities such as electric power, water supply, communication network, area lightning, fire

fighting system, desalination plant, effluent treatment plant, sewage treatment plant, solid

waste management system, site drainage system, public address system are proposed. Each of

the facility is briefly described in the following sections.

2.3.1 Fire Safety

A closed fire hydrant system has been proposed for the berths and stockyard. Fire hydrants

networks will be established in all operational areas and will be easily accessible with flexible

hose connection. The system will be designed to maintain appropriate pressure at the hydrant

outlets. Electric pumps will be supplemented with Diesel Pumps to meet any emergencies.With respect to utility area, closed loop fire hydrant systems using non-saline service water is

proposed as fire water. Foam or Carbon-dioxide type portable fire extinguishers will be

provided in the staff amenities located near the berth area as well as in other buildings.

A separate closed loop fire hydrant system will be provided in the utility area to mitigate the

fire risks for the buildings. Non-saline service water will be used as fire water. Firewater for

this system will be pumped from the underground storage fresh water tank. The capacity of

tanks will meet the six hours of fire water demand along with back up connection which

allows sea water to be pumped in to the system in case of extended hours of firewater supply

requirement.

Two interconnected Fire Hydrant ring mains shall be provided for protection of Berths, Jetty

& Coal Terminal. The water pressure in the ring mains will be maintained as per International

Standard. Two underground water tanks are proposed with interconnection arrangements so

that one tank will be in use and other tank can be kept as standby. The system will be

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maintained under pressure with the help of a jockey pump. There will be electrically driven

fire water pumps and one diesel driven fire water pump of equal capacities.

Multiple fire tenders with CO2/Foam/Water Fire Fighting Systems should be stationed near

the berths and near the storage areas. The fire station should also house water tankers and

emergency van with personal protective equipments, self contained breathing apparatus, fire

suits etc.

2.3.2 Bunkering

Bunkering facilities are envisaged and storage will be done in the liquid tank farm area.

Potable water from fresh water tank would be used to recharge the vessels.

2.3.3 Buildings

It is proposed to construct office and operational building, Electric Sub-Station, Workshop,

Gate Complex, Customs and Documentation Buildings as part of the development plan.

2.3.4 Dust Suppression systems

Dust suppression sprinklers will be provided in coal stackyard. The sprinklers will be

designed in such a way that water is sprinkled over the coal stockpile. Dust suppression

system will be provided at stock piles and the head ends of conveyors at transfer points to

control the dust generated during operations. Water spray operations will be operated with

sensor based spray guns.

2.3.5 Power

The estimated power requirement for the Proposed Adani Hazira Port Development and its

supporting utilities will be about 10 MW. 66 kV Grid power supply has been proposed to be

drawn from the State Electricity Board power supply. No captive power plant will be

installed to meet the energy requirements for port operations. It is proposed to construct main

receiving substation in the port area as part of the port development plan. It is proposed to

install standby DG Set of capacity 1500 KVA (3 No) to meet any emergency situations.

Diesel with 0.5% S content will be used in DG sets. The emission from DG set will be

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2.3.7 Drainage system

Adequate drainage facilities have been proposed in the terminals, berths and stack yard and

storage area to collect the surface water due to precipitation. All the internal roads will be

provided with 2% slope and 1% slope for pavements to provide adequate drainage. To

remove sediments, interceptors will be designed at appropriate locations before letting out in

to the sea.

2.3.8 Effluent Treatment Plant

It is proposed to construct ETP of capacity of 2.5 MLD through modular plants to meet the

future requirements. ETP consists of primary and secondary treatment facilities. Raw effluent

from various sources (washings) will be collected in a collection tank and treated in oil and

grease removal trap. The effluent free from oil is then treated in primary clarifier. The sludge

generated from the primary clarifier is then sent to sludge dewatering facility. The effluent

from the clarifier is subjected to biological treatment process and the treated effluent is

further treated in pressure sand filter and activated carbon filter and stored in collection tank.

The treated water will be reused in the fire fighting systems and dust suppressions systems asa substitute to the fresh water consumption.

2.3.9 Sewage Treatment Plant

A sewage treatment plant (STP) of ultimate capacity 2.0 MLD (2000 m3/day) will be

developed in modular phases to treat the sewage generated from the port area depending on

the future requirements. A suitable STP will be developed to treat about 100 m3/day of

sewage generated from the port operations during the initial phases of the project. The

treatment process consists of primary and secondary treatment units. Sewage will be initially

treated in Grit Chamber followed by Screen Chamber. The sewage free from grit is subjected

to biological treatment process using activated sludge process including secondary clarifier.

The treated effluent from biological process is stored in intermediate tank where disinfection

shall be carried out. The disinfected water is filtered in dual media filter and stored in treated

sewage collection tank where it will be recycled for landscaping and green belt development

of the port premises.

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2.3.10 Rail Connectivity and HT Power Transmission line

During the initial stages of port development, it is proposed to develop single broad gauge

line from Port Gate to Kawas cabin which will be further connected to existing KRIBHCO

Railway line covering a length of 20.80 km and one crossing station is proposed in this

alignment.

To meet the power requirement during operational phase of the existing and ongoing port

development projects, Adani Hazira Port proposed to establish 66 KV D/C, D/S Transmission

line with panther conductor from Village Mora substation to Adani Hazira Port. Standby DG

sets would also be installed to meet the power requirements during emergency situations.

2.3.11 International Ship and Port Facility Security

Security at Port facility would be provided as per the International Ship and Port Facility

Security (ISPS) guidelines. The initial Port Facility Security Assessment (PFSA) of the

Hazira (Surat) Port was carried out on 11.05.2004. Additional PFSA was carried out on

09.06.2008 and 11.02.2009, which was approved by the Directorate General of Shipping.

Further additions to the port facility infrastructure because of the development of AHPPL.

called for an Additional Port Facility Security Assessment.

The scope of this Additional Port Facility Security Assessment of Hazira (Surat) Port is to

incorporate the multi-cargo terminal, being developed adjacent to the LNG terminal, in the

existing port facility security plan.

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Measures Determined by ISPS Assessment

The following measures were determined to secure the Port Facility infrastructure:-

a) Access Control: Card generation system is in place. All employees and contractors are

issued with access control cards. The bio metric data and details of all persons

entering the port is captured before issuing the pass

b) Fencing and Gate Complex: Fencing the Port Facility is in progress. While some part

is already fenced and remaining area will shortly be fenced. Accesses to the port

facility will be only thru the gates. The fences are 8 ft high and with 3 ft concertina

wire.

c) Surveillance System: The land side surveillance will be carried out by foot patrolling,

patrolling by vehicles, post at strategic locations and CCTV. Sea side surveillance will

be carried out by AIS, Radar, watch and patrol crafts.

d) Procedural Systems: The port has developed standard operating procedures for

security related procedure for the entire port. Process has been established for access

control, security duties and response during emergency. Further a more focused plan

on Ship Shore interface- Port Facility Security Plan is in the process of formation.

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Figure 2.2: Port Security System

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3.0 Description of Baseline Environment

This section discusses about the baseline environment settings of the study area of 10 Kmradius. The study area has been classified as Core and Buffer zone. Core Zone extends from

the project site between 0 to 5 km and buffer zone between 5 to 10 km. Primary data were

collected for environmental components such as Land use/Land cover, Air and Meteorology,

Water (Surface and Ground water), Noise, Biological (Flora and Fauna),. Secondary data was

collected for Socio-Economic aspects for the study area.

3.1 Topography of the study area

Predominantly the topography is deltaic coastal plain and hot humid agro-ecological region.

Tapti Estuary and Hazira Peninsula forms part of the study region. Hazira peninsula consists

of four islands of Hazira, Junagam, Suwali and Mora, which are surrounded by extensive

mud flats. The area is drained by perennial River Tapti. The coastline is highly indented and

sandy. Inland development of sandy-ridges parallel to the coast, points to past high sea level.

Geo-morphologically, the area comprises of alluvium soil and mud flats. The earth of mouth

of Tapti is broad and riddled with numerous tidal channels. South of this river, the coast is

more or less straight up to village Umbergaon with a narrow sandy-ridge all along. The

intertidal zone is made up of basaltic platform with a thin veneer of mud.

Towards the inland side, a Reserved/Protected forest is located adjacent to the project site

dominated by 5 year old plantations of Prosopis juliflora and few palms (Borassus

flabellifer). Villages such as Mora and Suwali are located in the northern direction of the

project site. The topography of study area is placed below in Figure 3.1.

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Figure 3.1: Topography of the Study Area

Source: Toposheet No. NF 43-9, series U502, printed by Army Map Service, Corps of

Engineers

Project Site

N

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3.2 Land Environment

Land use/Land cover studies have been undertaken to assess and manage areas of critical

concern for environmental control. The term Land Use relates to the human activity or

economic function associated with a specific piece of Land, while the term Land Cover

relates to the type of feature present on the surface of the earth (Lillesand and Kiefer, 2000).

Remote sensing data have widened the applications in the areas like forest cover, vegetation

type mapping, and their changes in regional scale.

The physical boundary of Hazira is defined by waterfront on three sides. On the Southern

side, flows the river Tapti, on the western part is the Arabian Sea and on the Northern part is

the Tena Creek. On the Eastern part it is linked with Surat city.

The Land use/Land cover pattern of the study area has been undertaken using Remote

Sensing Technique. Land use classification of the study area of 10 km radius of buffer zone

was carried out using IRS-P6 satellite image, procured from National Remote Sensing

Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad. Raw data procured for Land use/Land cover study is given in

Table 3.1. Figure 3.2shows the satellite imagery of the study area and Figure 3.3shows thelevel 1 classification of the satellite interpretation map of the study area.

Table 3.1: Data procured for Land use / Land cover

Particulars Type Format

Toposheet No. NF 439 Hard Copy TIFF

IRS LISS IVA,

31st January, 2010202-070 TIFF

Source: National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad

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Figure 3.2: Satellite Imagery of the study area

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Figure 3.3: Land use Map (Level 1) with 10 Km Buffer Zone of Study Area

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Table 3.2: Level 1 Classification of the Study Area

S. No.Land use

(Level 1)

Area

(Hectares)

Percentage

(%)

1 Sea 19413.6 61.772 Sandy Area 2157.9 6.87

3 Vegetation 1685.1 5.36

4 River 2475.8 7.88

5Inland water

bodies304.6 0.96

6 Built-up Area 2576.3 8.20

7 Scrub Area 2815.2 8.96

Total 31428.5 100%


Figure 3.4: Level 1 Classification of Study Area in Percentage

Level I Classification:

Table 3.2 shows the level 1 classification of the study area and Figure 3.4 shows the

graphical representation of the Table 3.2. From the table it can be inferred that the project

area is dominated by water bodies. The Sutherland Channel which is coming from Gulf of

Cambay divides into two rivers, such as Mindhola and Tapti. Tapti River is flowing towards

Surat city where as Mindhola river is flowing towards Waregam East.

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61.77 % of the study area is marine environment; fresh water occupies around 8.84 % of the

study area; Built-up area covers 8.2% (2576.3 Ha)of the total study area. Land with scrub is

8.96 % (2815.2 Ha) of the total area and is concentrated in undivided patches in the study

area. Land with vegetation is 5.36 % (1685.1 Ha) and sandy area is 6.87 % (2157.9 Ha)

which forms part of shoreline area.

Level 2 Classification:

Figure 3.5 shows level 2 classification of satellite imagery interpretation land use map.

Table 3.3and Figure 3.6shows the percentage of area covered under various classification

systems.

Table 3.3: Level 2 classification of the study area is detailed below

S. No.Land use

(Level 2)

Area

(Hectares)

Percentage

(%)

Built-up Land

1

Settlements/

Industry/Institutional Area

1660 5.3%

Forest

2 Forest/Plantation 1914 6%

Agricultural land

3 Double crop/ Irrigated Area 25 0.08%

4 Crop Land 1610 5.2%

Waste Land

5 Land with Scrub 373 1.2%

6 Land without Scrub 1490 4.74%

7 Rocky/ Stony/ Barren Area 106 0.33%

8 Marshy/ Swampy Area 4432 14.1%

9 Salt Pans 14 0.04%

Water Body

10 Sea/River/Reservoir/ Tank 19804 63%

Total 31428 100%


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Figure 3.6: Level 2 Classification of the Study Area

Apart from the water bodies, approximately 5.28% (1635 Ha) of the study area is agricultural

land out of which 25 Hais double crop land and 1610 Hais single crop land. Built-up land in

the study area is around 5.3% (1660 Ha).

Forests/Plantation covers an area of 6% (1914 Ha)of the study area.

Wasteland is subdivided into five sub classifications such as land with scrub, land without

scrub, Rocky/Stony/Barren area, Marshy/Swampy are and Salt Pans. Land with scrub covers

1.2% (373 Ha)of the total study area and land without scrub covers 4.74% (1490Ha)of the

total study area. Whereas the Marshy/Swampy area is 14.1% (4432Ha) which is the second

highest type of land use classification. Only 0.04% (14 Ha) of study area is used as Salt Pans.

From the analysis, it has been concluded that the out of 100% of study area, 63% constitutes

marine area and balance 37% constitutes terrestrial area including the Tapti Estuary,

Marshy/Swampy area and forest plantation.

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3.3 Soil Quality of the study area

Soil samples were collected from 4 locations within the study area at 30 cm depth and

analyzed for its physico-chemical characteristics. The test results were compared with

standard soil interpretation guide for agricultural soils. The soil sampling locations are shown

in Table 3.4and Figure 3.7.The soil sample was collected from 30 cm depth with the help

of stainless steel soil sampling probe.

The soil sampling test results are given in Annexure 3. The sampling result shows that the

soil in the study area is clayey. pH of the soil is in the range of 7.71 to 9.02 which indicates

that the soil is moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline. This clearly indicates that the soil

cannot hold vegetation. The moisture content varies from 1.48 to 7.29%. The organic carbon

content ranges from 0.016 to 1.9%. Chloride ranges from 1680 to 2600 mg/kg. Total nitrogen

ranges from 1.36 to 5.38 mg/kg which is very less for survival of vegetation. Total

phosphorus ranges from 0.119 to 0.744 mg/kg which is also very less to support nutrition.

Potassium ranges from 0.018 to 0.066 meq/100gm soil which is also less for vegetation.

Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) ranges from 8.75 to 16.12 which indicates that plants have

difficulty in absorbing water from this soil. Water holding capacity of soil ranges from 43 to

60%. Electrical conductivity ranges from 418 to 1190 mhos/cm which is harmful for

germination of crops. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) ranges from 3.43 to 5.6 meq/100 gm

which indicates that the absorpitivity as well as productivity of the soil would be very low.

Hence, majority of the soil quality in the study area does not support agriculture except in

some areas.

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Figure 3.7: Soil Sampling Locations

Table 3.4: Soil Sampling Locations

S. No. Location Distance, Km Direction from Site Location code

1 Hazira 2 N S1

2 Sultanabad 8.5 E S2

3 Mora 10 N S3

4 Junagam

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3.4 Water Environment

The baseline water quality in the study area was analyzed for ground and surface water

samples. The grab samples were collected from all the sampling locations and analyzed for

relevant physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters. Collection and analysis of the

samples were carried out as per established standards methods and procedures, prescribed by

CPCB, relevant IS code and standard method for examination of water.

The sampling locations were selected based on reconnaissance survey with the considerations

of

Presence of water resource

Relevance of water resource

Access to water resource

Coverage of entire study area (representative), and

Land use

3.4.1 Ground Water Quality

Groundwater was monitored at 4 locations within the study area. The water quality

monitoring locations are shown in Table 3.5. The pH of the Groundwater samples was found

to vary between 6.78 to 7.92. Total Dissolved Solids were high varying between 542 to 1944

mg/L. COD and BOD were found to be very less. Chlorides & Sulphates were also found

high varying between 123 to 485 mg/L and 31.98 to 111.99 mg/L. The analysis report shows

that the total dissolved solids, hardness and magnesium exceed the permissible limits as per

drinking water standard IS 10500 at Junagam and all other parameters are below permissible

limits. Hence, water is potable at all locations except at Junagam. The water quality analysis

report is attached in Annexure 4.

3.4.2 Surface Water Quality

The surface water samples were analyzed at one location as shown in Table 3.5and Figure

3.8(at Mora Village) and it was found that the pH varied between 6.877.92. Total Dissolved

Solids were in the range of 604 to 801 mg/L. Chlorides are found in the range of 85-121

mg/L. Sulphates were in the range of 25.6 to 41 mg/L. The analysis report reveals that all the

parameters are below the desirable limits as per IS 10500 except total dissolved solids,

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hardness and magnesium which are below permissible limits. The MPN for surface water

range from 9.6/100 mL to 12.72/100 mL which indicates that the water is potable after

disinfection. The water quality analysis report is attached in Annexure 4.

Table 3.5: Water Quality Monitoring Stations

S. No. Location Location Code Remarks

1 Hazira GW1 Bore well

2 Sultanabad GW2 Bore well

3 Mora GW3 Bore well

4 Mora SW1 Surface water

5 Junagam GW4 Bore well

GW: Ground Water; SW: Surface Water

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Figure 3.8: Water Sampling Locations

N

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3.5 Regional Climatology and Meteorology

The study area falls under Semi Arid zone according to Koppens classification of climatic

zones. It experiences mild dry winters, hot and dry summers and humid monsoon with most

of the precipitation occurring in monsoon. The rains can cause severe floods. The study area

is moderated strongly by Arabian Sea. The year may broadly be divided into four seasons:

Summer: March to May

Monsoon: June to September

Post monsoon: October to November

Winter: December to February

The nearest meteorological station around the project site set up by Indian Meteorological

Department is Surat at a distance of 25 Km.

3.5.1 Sources of Information

Secondary meteorological data was collected from the nearest IMD station located at Surat.

Climatological data has been collected from Climatological tables published by IMD - Pune

and analyzed to interpret the historical meteorological conditions prevailing in the study area.

Indian Meteorological Department IMD Surat

Indian Meteorological Department has been monitoring surface observations, atmospheric

pressure, temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction twice a day viz.,

at 0830 and 1730 hrs. The data for the above-specified parameters has been collected for ten

years and processed. The study area experiences a climatic change from sub-humid towards

north to humid towards south. Data on cloud cover is compiled from the climatological tables

of the IMD station at Surat.

Table 3.6 shows an extract of climatic conditions at for IMD Surat Observatory for the

period (1951-1980) as reported by Indian Meteorological Department, Pune.

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Table 3.6: Indian Meteorological Department Climatological Tables

30 YEARS DATA: 1951 1980 STATION: SURAT

Month

Temperatures (0C )

Humidity

(%)

Rainfall (mm) Mean

Wind

Speed

Kmph

Mean ExtremesMonthly

Total

No. of

Rainy

Days

Heaviest fall

in 24 Hrs

Date and

yearHighest Lowest Highest Lowest

Jan 35.5 10.3 38.3 4.4 65,39 0.0 0.0 43.7 06,1920 6.9

Feb 38.1 11.5 41.7 5.6 62,33 0.4 0.0 38.1 10,1898 7.1

Mar 41.0 15.7 44.0 8.9 64,32 1.5 0.2 13.0 26,1967 7.5

Apr 42.4 20.3 45.6 15.0 66,38 0.3 0.0 97.8 19,1947 8.3

May 41.9 23.5 45.6 19.4 68,55 7.3 0.3 51.6 26,1974 11.9

Jun 37.4 23.4 45.6 20.2 79,70 249.3 8.0 260.1 27,1922 13.5

Jul 34.4 23.3 38.9 19.9 88,79 417.7 15.4 459.2 02,1941 12.6

Aug 33.2 23.2 37.2 21.1 89,79 299.4 13.2 324.6 13,1964 11.0

Sep 36.4 22.5 41.1 20.6 86,70 190.7 7.6 389.4 23,1945 7.9

Oct 38.7 19.4 41.1 14.4 72,49 27.2 1.2 257.1 25,1894 6.2

Nov 37.7 15.5 39.4 10.6 61,43 13.0 0.8 148.3 05,1946 6.6

Dec 35.9 12.1 38.9 6.7 65,43 2.6 0.1 42.2 20,1933 7.2

Average /

Annual

Total

43.3 9.7 45.6 4.4 72,53 1209.4 46.8 459.2 8.9

Source: IMD Publications, Pune

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Figure 3.11: Wind Rose Diagram for the Study Period (April to June 2011)

Figure 3.12: Wind Rose Diagram for Study Period Day time

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Figure 3.13: Stability Rose for the Study Period (April to June)

3.6 Ambient Air Quality

As per CPCB guidelines for setting up monitoring stations for ambient air quality study, five

locations were identified in the study area and one meteorological station were established.

The period of monitoring selected during pre-monsoon season 2011 (April to June). The

parameters monitored were Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), Lead (Pb),

Benzo - Pyrene Particulate (BaP), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni), Carbon Monoxide (CO),

Benzene (C6H6), Ammonia (NH3), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) and

Ozone (O3).

3.6.1 Selection of AAQ Monitoring Locations

The baseline status of the air quality in the study area has been assessed through a scientifically

designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The AAQ monitoring stations was identified

depending upon their importance, prevailing meteorological conditions, topography and

nearby industrial activities releasing pollutants in the atmosphere. Wind direction / speed

were recorded to demarcate possible zones of maximum concentrations of air pollutants.

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Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at five locations from April to

June 2011 with due consideration to the above mentioned points. The details of environmental

setting around each monitoring station and their distances with reference to the proposed

project site is given in Table 3.7. The AAQM locations are shown in Figure 3.14. 98 percentile

values of the ambient air quality monitoring result is presented inTable 3.8. The ambient air

quality monitoring report is attached as Annexure 5.

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Figure 3.14: Ambient Air Quality Locations in Study area (10 km Radius)

Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Location

Code

Location

Distance w.r.t Center

of Proposed project

site (km)

Direction w.r.tCenter of

Proposedproject site

Environmental

Setting

A1 Near Proposed SiteOffice

1 km - IndustrialProject Site

A2 Near Main Gate

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Table 3.8: Ambient Air Quality Results (98th

percentile values)

Parameter Unit

Near

Proposed

Site

(Outside

Shell

Complex)

Near

Main GateHazira Sultanabad Mora

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

PM10 g/m3 96.68 95.42 132.16 81.63 120.72

PM2.5 g/m3 53.72 53.50 78.55 43.37 71.12

SO2 g/m3 15.51 20.27 34.06 18.22 35.13

NOX g/m3 46.34 45.26 48.41 43.10 45.43Ozone g/m

3 14.80 16.95 22.39 16.33 21.96

Lead g/m3 0.94 0.95 0.75 0.75 0.77

CO mg/m3 BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL* BDL*

Ammonia g/m3 BDL* BDL* 18.35 BDL* BDL*

Benzene g/m3 3.40 4.

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