Head and neck injury risks in heavy metal:

head bangers stuck between rock and a hard bass

Objective

Design

Participants

Results

Conclusion

ABSTRACT

To invest igate the r isks of mi ld t raumatic

bra in

in jury and neck in jury associated with

head banging, a

popular dance form accompanying heavy

meta l music .

Objective

Objective

Design

Participants

Results

Conclusion

ABSTRACT

Observat ional studies,

focus group, and

biomechanica l

analys is .

Design

Objective

Design

Participants

Results

Conclusion

ABSTRACT

Head bangers.

Main outcome measures Head In jury

Cr i ter ion and Neck In jury Cr i ter ion were

der ived for head banging sty les and both

popular heavy metal songs and easy

l i s tening music contro ls .

Participants

Objective

Design

Participants

Results

Conclusion

ABSTRACT

An average head banging song has a tempo

of

about 146 beats per minute, which is

predicted to cause mi ld head in jury when the

range of mot ion is greater than 75°. At

h igher tempos and greater ranges of mot ion

there is a r isk of neck in jury.

Results

Objective

Design

Participants

Results

Conclusion

ABSTRACT

To minimise the r isk of head and neck

in jury, head bangers should decrease

thei r range of head and neck mot ion,

head bang to s lower tempo songs by

replac ing heavy metal wi th adul t or iented

rock, only head

bang to every second beat , or use

personal protect ive equipment.

Conclusion

Thank You