Slide 1

CAPE UNIT 2

bIOLOGYHealth and DiseasePresented by:

Mrs. Gibson-Miller

September 10, 20151What is Health?Health is defined as physical, mental, and social well-being- not merely the absence of disease.

2What is disease?Disease can be described literally as lack of ease, or a physiological disturbance that threatens well-being.

A named disease is a specific set of structural or functional abnormalities, as defined by characteristic signs and symptoms.3Types of diseasesDiseases can be classified into several categories:Communicable/pathogenic/infectiousDeficiencyHereditary (or genetic)SocialMentalPhysiologicalDegenerativeSelf-inflicted

4Types of diseasesDiseases overlap. All diseases fit under the broad umbrellas:Physical, Mental or Social (or a combination)

Some diseases are multifactorial (having a number of causes).

Eg. Lung Cancer can be categorized as:PhysicalSocialNon-InfectiousSelf-inflicted

5Communicable diseasesCommunicable or Pathogenic diseases are caused by pathogens which are mostlymicroscopic.

Pathogens include: bacteria,viruses,protozoa andfungi.

Pathogens thrive in various places such as: air,dust,surfaces,soil,etc.Chicken poxRing WormScabiesConjunctivits (Pink Eye)HIV

6Deficiency diseasesA deficiencydiseaseis caused by a deficiency of vital nutrients in the diet, especially a mineral or vitamin. Thediseasecould be as a result of an insufficient intake of nutrients, their digestion, their absorption or their utilization within the body.KwashiorkorScurvyRicketsOsteo-arthritis7Hereditary diseasesHereditary diseases orgenetic disordersare caused by an abnormality in a person's genome or genetic material.

It is adiseasethat is passed down through several generations within the same family and is transmitted from a parent to their child. Cleft palateSickle cell

8Physiological diseasesA physiologicaldiseaseis when the normal working of a person's body is being affected because the organs are malfunctioning or the structures of the cells have changed over time, causing illness.

DiabetesHypertensionHigh CholesterolCancerInfluenzaRheumatoid Arthritis

9Acute and Chronic DiseasesDiseases are also classified based on the duration of affecting the individual.

Chronic disease illness with slow onset that lasts for a long time.Eg. Chronic bronchitis

Acute disease illness with rapid onset that lasts for a short timeEg. Dengue fever

10homeworkCreate a table in your notebooks to show the different groups of diseases according to method of spread.

11Category:

Egs. Viral diseasesBacterial diseasesFungal diseasesProtozoic diseasesName of Disease

CauseMethod of Spread

Signs and Symptoms

Type of Vaccination

ReferencesBritannica.com (2013) Nutritional disease. Retrieved on October 10, 2013 from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/422916/nutritional-diseasePatton, K. T. & Thibodeau, G.A. (2012). The human body in health and diseases, (6th Ed). Montana: Elsevier. Princeton.edu (n.d.). Diseases. Retrieved on October 9, 2013 from http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Disease.htmlScience.Blurtit.com (n.d.) What Are Pathogenic, Deficiency,hereditary,and Physiological Diseases?Retreived from http://science.blurtit.com/1131732/what-are-pathogenic-deficiencyhereditaryand-physiological-diseases12