Health Teaching Plan Complete

8/2/2019 Health Teaching Plan Complete

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HEALTH TEACHING PLANRevelo, Judy Jane S.Peoples Awareness on Diabetes

ASSESSMENTFINDINGSOn

HEALTHBEHAVIORS

LEARNINGNEEDSAnd

PROBLEMS

LEARNINGGOALS /OBJECTIVES

CONTENT TIMEALLOTMENT

STRATEGIES /TEACHINGMETHODS &

TOOLS

BEHAVIORCHANGE(EVALUATION)


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Out of the 19permanentgovernmentemployees of

CSCR09, wefound out thatthree (3) ofthem arediabetic, one (1)is high risk indiabetes, one(1) has elevatedblood sugarwhich meansthat she is alsohigh risk in

diabetes oralready have itbut still in adenial situation,whereas two (2)of theemployees havesignificantothers withdiabetes.Furthermore, six(6) of the

CSCR09employees havehigh cholesterollevels with oneamong the sixhas a familialhistory ofdiabetes, theseindividuals are

The clients wantto know:

What isdiabetes?

What are thesigns andsymptoms ofdiabetes?

At the end of 50minutes, theclient will beable to:

Describe thedefinition ofdiabetes.

Identify signsand symptomsof diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus isthe lack or insufficientamount of insulin in thebody. It can also be acase of insulinresistance, where thebody cannot properlyuse insulin, which isneeded by the cells toconvert the sugarintake into energy. In anormal person, it is

produced in thepancreas. Withoutinsulin, sugar cannotenter the cells; insteadthese accumulate inthe bloodstream,which, over a longperiod, can cause youto have a high sugarlevel.

Under normal

conditions, your cellsconvert blood sugarinto energy so you canperform everydaytasks. To achieve this,the pancreas producesa protein hormonecalled insulin that actsas a key so the blood

2 min

3 min

Lecture /Discussion

Lecture /Discussion

Described whatdiabetes is.

Identified thesigns &symptoms ofdiabetes.


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prone todiabetes whobelongs to highrisk group, if left

unnoticed oruntreated, theyare at high riskof diabetescomplications.The rest of theclients haverheumatic heartdisease, post-surgery breasttumor, a coupleof asthmatic

individuals andone claimed tobe healthy.

Greater numberof these clientsleads asedentarylifestyle withouthealth practiceswhile only fewdoes mild

exercises, usesfood / herbalsupplements,resort to dietand watertherapy, andonly one whoundergo annualexecutive check-

Who are at riskof diabetes?

What are thetypes ofdiabetes?

Describe theindividuals who

are at risk ofdiabetes.

Differentiate thetypes of

diabetes.

sugar molecules canenter the cell and beconverted into energy.

Signs & Symptoms

The most obvioussign of diabetes isexcessive urination.Among the symptomsare:

- frequenturination (evenat night)

- dry skin- itchy skin- slow healing of

cuts / wounds

- blurry eyesight- being always

very hungry- feeling tired &

weak- weight loss- skin infections- excessive thirst

Those who are atrisk of developingdiabetes are:

- children of diabetics- obese people- people withhypertension- people with highcholesterol

levels- people with sedentary

Lifestyle

2min

5 min

Lecture

Lecture / visualaids

Described theindividuals whoare at risk of

diabetes.

Differentiatedthe types ofdiabetes.


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up.

Thesegovernment

employees ofCSCR09between the agebrackets of 25y/o to 60 y/o arevery susceptibleto sedentarylifestyleillnesses &diseases likediabetes, in fact,a number of

them alreadyhas diabetes.

What are thecomplications of

diabetes? Restate thecomplications ofdiabetes.

Types of Diabetes:

Type-I Diabetes

( Insulin Dependent)This is commonlyinherited from eitherparents or closerelatives hence evenchildren can beafflicted. The pancreasstops producing insulin,so a type 1 diabeticneeds constantinjections of insulin.

In type-1 diabetes, thepancreas cannotproduce insulin; thus,the blood sugarmolecules cannot enterthe cell. This starve thecell (and the person)resulting to debilitatingand even fatalcomplications.

Type-2 Diabetes(Non-InsulinDependent)Either the pancreasproduces insufficientinsulin, or the insulin isrejected by the cells.Type-2 diabetes

3 min

Lecture /Discussion Restated the

complications ofdiabetes if leftuntreated anddid not strictlyadhered to thedietary regimen.


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What can you doto control yourblood sugar? List a wellness

program fordiabetics.

comprises almost 90%of all diabetes cases.In type-2 diabetes, thepancreas produces

insulin, but either theamount is not enoughor some of the insulinproduced cannotunlock the cellresulting in theaccumulation of bloodsugar molecules in theblood stream.

Complications ofDiabetes:

- eye disease(retinopathy)..a progressivecondition thatleads toblindness whenleft untreated

- heart disease& stroke ..highblood sugar andcholesterollevels and poor

circulation putthe diabetic at ahigh risk ofheart diseaseand stroke

- nerve damage(neuropathy)..one of the most

10 min

Visual aidsListed a wellnessprogram fordiabetics.


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commoncomplications ofdiabetes,neuropathy is acondition that

damages theperipheralnerves that runthroughout thebody

- footcomplications..diabetics areespeciallyvulnerable tofoot wounds,cuts and injuries

that can lead togangrene

Wellness Programfor Diabetics

Diet Therapy:

- Avoid simplesugars likecakes &chocolates.Instead have

complexcarbohydrateslike rice, pasta,cereals andfresh fruits.

- Do not skip ordelay meals. Itcausesfluctuations in


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Is there anyavailable dietary

blood sugarlevels.

- Eat more fiber-rich foods likevegetables.

- Cut down onsalt.- Avoid alcohol.

Dietaryguidelinesrecommend nomore than twodrinks for menand no morethan one drinkper day forwomen.

Exercise:- Regular

exercise is animportant partof diabetescontrol.

Daily exerciseimprovescardiovascular fitnesshelps insulin to workbetter and lower blood

sugarlowers bloodpressure andcholesterol levelsreduces body fat andcontrols body weightExercise at least 3times a weekfor atleast 30 minutes each

15 min

Discussion/Hand


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regimen fordiabetics? Prepare a list for

a diabeticdietary regimen.

session. Always carryquick sugar sourceslike candy or soft drinkto avoid hypoglycemia(low blood sugar)

during and afterexercise.

Control your weight:If you are overweightor obese, start weightreduction by diet andexercise. This improvesyour cardiovascularrisk profile.it lowers your bloodsugar

it improves your lipidprofileit improves yourblood pressure control

Quit Smoking:Smoking is harmful toyour health.

Maintain a normalblood pressure.Since having

hypertension puts aperson at high risk ofcardiovascular disease,especially if it isassociated withdiabetes, reliable BPmonitoring and controlis recommended. Seeyour doctor for advice

outsPrepared a listfor a diabeticdietary regimen.


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and management.

RememberIf you have the classicsymptoms of diabetes:

see your doctor forblood sugar testingstart dietingeat plenty ofvegetablesavoid sweets such ascakes and chocolatescut down on fattyfoodsexercise regularlyif you are obese, tryto lose some weight

avoid alcoholdrinking and stopsmokingif you arehypertensive, consultyour doctor for adviceand management

Diabetic Diet(calculated diet)The diabetic diet ishigh in fiber and low in

fat.

Some Tipsconsult a licensednutritionist-dietitian foryour specific nutrientneeds.ask for a calculateddiet plan.


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be guided withsuggestions based onthe Diabetes FoodPyramid Guide andOne-Serving Food

Exchange List, in caseyou dont have time tovisit a licensednutritionist-dietitian.plan, experiment,and present your dietplan to a licensednutritionist-dietitian forapproval.do not eat too muchor too little.avoid sugar and high-

sugar containing fooditems such as candies,sweets, soft drinks, richdesserts, chocolates,sweetened juices, icecreams, cakes.eat a heavybreakfast, moderatelunch and a lightsupper. This isrecommended unlessprescribed otherwise

by a doctor. Sometimessnacks are prescribeddepending onmedication or insulininjection.eat regularly.increase your fiberintake by including agenerous amount of


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leafy vegetables dailyin your diet.use legumes andwhole grains more thanprocessed meat

alternatives. They willhelp increase dietaryfiber and contain nocholesterol.limit fruits to 3exchanges per day.The fresher the better.Processing and refiningmake natural sugars infruits more readilyabsorbable which maylead to rapid rise in

blood sugar.drink a cup of low fatmilk a day.avoid coffee, tea,alcoholic beveragesincluding wine andliquor.drink 6 to 8 glassesof water a day betweenmeals.apply the low saltand low fat diets, and

low-cholesterol dietsuggestions. Diabetesmay lead tohypertension andhypercholesterolemiawhen uncontrolled.enjoy your meals.Your attitude counts alot in the management


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of your blood sugar.understand, followand be comfortablewith your diet plan.Your diet may have to

be guided by a plan forthe rest of your life.monitor and recordyour weight and bloodsugar.give good attentionto your diet, attitude,medication, andphysical activity(exercise). Control ofblood sugar is betterwhen these things are

well-balanced.Foods Allowed

Carbohydrate-richFoods:Unrefined cereals,whole grains(unpolished rice, wholewheat bread)CornRoot cropsBoiled saba

Noodles, pasta

Protein-rich FoodsFor Vegetarians:Preferably nuts,legumes, vegetarianproducts(gluten, tokwa,vegemeat, etc.)


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For Non-Vegetarians:Preferably fish withscales and fins

VegetablesAllLeafy and wateryvegetables maybeeaten as desired

FruitsAll, preferably freshand with skin(3 servings per day isideal)

Beverages1 cup (1 exchange) ofmilk a day

DessertsFresh fruits

Fat-rich FoodsVegetable oil used infood preparation only

Foods Not Allowed

Carbohydrate-richFoodsSweetened cerealsSweetened root cropsSweetened bakedproducts

Protein-rich Foods


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Is there anemergencyprocedure fordiabetes?

Prepare anemergency

procedure forpossible lowblood sugar andhigh blood sugaronset.

PorkFatty meatsAnimal skinInternal organs

VegetablesNone

FruitsCanned fruitsSweetened fruitsSweetened dried fruitsSweetened fruit juices

BeveragesSoft drinksSweetened and instant

juicesMilk shakes, chocolatedrinksCoffee, teaAlcoholic beverages

DessertsCakes, ice creams,icing, pudding, sweetpreserves, chocolates,candies, native ricecakes

3-day SAMPLE MENU

DAY 1Breakfast6:00 7:00

Banana

10 min

Discussion /Handouts Prepared an

emergency

procedurefor possible lowblood sugar andhigh blood sugaronset.


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VegemeatPotato-egg omeletWhole wheat breadwith margarineUnpolished rice

Soy coffee with low fatmilk(no sugar added)

Lunch11:45 12:15

Tokwa adoboSauted squash andstring beansUnpolished riceBoiled nuts

Supper6:00 6:30

GinataanUnpolished riceFresh pineapple


PapayaFried vegetarian tocinoBoiled camoteUnpolished riceWarm low fat milk(no sugar added)

Lunch11:45 12:15


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Hawaiian gluten steakBoiled camote topsUnpolished riceBaked or roasted nuts

Supper6:00 6:30

Sauted monggo beansUnpolished riceDiabetic gulamandelight


AppleTempura chunksPandesal with cheeseChamporado(no sugar added)Salabat

Lunch11:45 12:15

Vegetarian apritada

Boiled malunggayUnpolished riceSoymilk

Supper6:00 6:30

Chili beansUnpolished rice


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Fresh buko

First Aid forDiabetes

Everyone who hasdiabetes should wear amedical alert braceletor necklace or- at thevery least carry acard in their wallet sothat in an emergency,medical personnel willknow about yourdiabetes and can makesure you get proper

medical treatment.

Low Blood SugarThe most commonproblem with diabetesis that the blood sugarmay go too low. This isalso known ashypoglycemia and issometime referred toan insulin reaction. Low

blood sugar may becaused by any of thefollowing:

skipping or delayingmealnot eating enoughdiarrhea or vomitingdrinking too much


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alcoholtaking too muchinsulin or oralmedicationexercising too much

The symptoms oflow blood sugarinclude:

hunger, nausea,headachedizziness, shakiness,weaknessfaintness, chills,sweatinessconfusion or

irritabilityfast heart beatnumbness aroundthe lips or tonguemood swings

If you feel you havelow blood sugar, youshould take any oneof these fast-actingsugar sources:

half a cup of fruitjuice or non-dietcarbonated soda1 cup of skim milk4 6 hard candies3 teaspoons of tablesugarglucose tablets or gel


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It is a good idea tocarry a source of fast-acting sugar with you.It may take as long as10 15 minutes for

your blood glucoselevels to rise. Do not beimpatient. If you do notfeel better within 15 20 minutes, eatanother source ofsugar. If your bloodsugar is still low, callyour doctor or thenearest hospitalemergency room.

High Blood Sugar

High blood sugar isalso known ashyperglycemia. Itoccurs when yourdiabetes is not undercontrol and your bloodsugar levels rise toohigh. High blood sugarmay be caused by anyof the following:

eating too muchnot following yourmeal planillness or infectionnot exercising orexercising less thanusualforgetting to take


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your insulin or oralmedicationtaking some coughsyrups, antacids, andlaxatives containing

sugar

The symptoms ofhigh blood sugarinclude:

extreme thirstfrequent urinationblurred visionweakness ortirednessfast breathing

dizzinessupset stomach

Sometimes highblood sugar does nothave noticeablesymptoms. If youfeel you have highblood sugar, youshould:

contact your doctor

or the nearest hospitalemergency room.if you are driving,pull over to the side ofthe road.

WHEN TO CALL 911

If you find someone


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that you believe maybe having a diabeticcrisis, it is importantthat you not try to treatthem yourself. Sincehigh and low bloodsugar have some of thesame symptoms, it isdifficult for a lay personto know whattreatment isappropriate. The onlyway to be sure is to tryto convince the personwith diabetes to do aglucose monitoring andfind out if their sugar is

too high or too low.

Never try to force juiceor sugar on someone ifthey are very confused,or if they areunconscious. If you findanyone unconscious,call 911 or theemergency number foryour area and requestassistance. Be sure to

notify the dispatcherthat the person yourehelping is diabetic sothat the emergencymedial crew can beprepared.

How To Learn More


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You can learn moreabout diabetes byattending a diabeteseducation class nearyou. They arefrequently offered byhospitals and medicalcenters. Another optionis to check out first aidcourses offered by theRed Cross, YMCAs andYWCAs, or an adulteducation program atyour school area.

References:

Healing Wonders ofDietBy: Blecenda MirandaVarona, R.N.D.,M.P.H.Maria Elena TablanteGodoy, R.N.D.David Arsulo Varona

Health and HomeJournals

American DiabetesAssociation

www.operationdiabetes.com

Department of Health(DOH)
http://www.operationdiabetes.com/http://www.operationdiabetes.com/http://www.operationdiabetes.com/http://www.operationdiabetes.com/


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Health Teaching Plan Complete