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Methods Enriching Power and Energy Development (MEPED) 2014

Automation and Accident Reporting Using ARM Processor

in Bikes

Ms. V Jeyalakshmi Devi1, Krishna V S2, Sam Sanders S3, Santhosh Kumar S4 Faculty1, UG Scholar 2,3,4 Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai-119.

ABSTRACT

Every time when a person starts riding a bike it is

advised to check for

quantity of fuel available,

turn off the indicators/head lights if not necessary

and primarily wear a helmet for safety. In order

to enhance the safety and comfort while riding

two wheelers, it is necessary to monitor the bike’s

status automatically and use the stored energy

effectively and efficiently. Normally much

technical advancement are designed for four

wheelers whereas the two wheelers which are also

the major mode of transport is not given the same

importance. So this paper aims to put forth a safe

and energy efficient system that can be installed in

bikes. The safety system includes Anti-crash

warning system which helps to intimate when an

accident occurs to a predefined contact with the

help of the GPS and GSM. It also includes an

LDR for automatic switching ON/OFF of the

headlights and a fuel lever sensor for numeric

indication of the fuel level. By this it is ensured

that any accident is reported within a specific time

and rescue action can be implemented right away.

I. INTRODUCTION

Bikes have become the most used form of

transport now-a-days. The Indian two-wheeler (2W)

industry has shown a strong volume growth over the

last two-years, having grown by 25% in 2010-11 and

27% in 2012-13 to reach 13.3 million units. This

strong double-digit growth has been driven by

multiple factors. In the rate at which the usage of

bikes increased the accidents that occur to the riders

has also increased in the last few decades. In case ifan accident occurs then the primary need is to give

first aid to the victim and get them to a hospital

immediately if necessary. This is feasible in a place

with frequent human intervention on the contrary if

there are only scarce human movement in the place

then death becomes inevitable in case of major

accidents. In order to resolve this we hereby propose

a automation model that when implemented can

report to a pre-specified contact in case of an major

accident, along with this the system under

consideration also aims at introducing a new way fuel

level display for the riders convenience and

automatic switch ON/OFF of headlights of a bike.

This is done using Embedded Technology,

which is now in its prime and the wealth of

Knowledge available is mind-blowing. Embedded

System is a combination of hardware and software.

Embedded technology plays a major role in

integrating the various functions associated with it.

This needs to tie up the various sources of the

Department in a closed loop system.

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Fig 1 Circuit Diagram

II. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

In the circuit connections shown in figure 1,

8 pins from the port 1 are interfaced to the LCD

which forms the user interface section in the output.

There are three parameters that are to be monitored,

firstly the LDR which monitors the intensity of

ambient light, delivers the measured value to pin 11.

Based on the value received from the LDR the ARM

controls automatic switching ON/OFF of the

headlight which is connected to pin 38 by comparing

it with the threshold value already provided in it.

Secondly a fuel level sensor connected to pin 13 of

the ARM continuously senses the fuel available in

the tank and displays it as a numeric value using the

LCD. Lastly a vibration sensor which acts as a

medium to detect shock waves produced during

accidents feeds its value to pin 15 where the

processor recognizes whether it is a major accident

and in turn fetches the respective location using a

GPS modem connected to pin 34, the location that is

being fetched is transmitted to a predefined contact

with the help of a GSM modem with its receiving and

transmitting ends connected to pins 19 and 21respectively.

III. SIMULATED RESULTS AND

DISCUSSION

The following circuits discussed below from fig

2 to 7 shows the various simulated outputs of the

project under discussion. With these the clear picture

of the function of the project can be obtained.

Fig 2 shows the LDR picking up low intensity of

the ambient light after which the headlights areturned on automatically. Fig 3 shows the display of

fuel level being monitored on a regular basis.

Fig3, Fig 4, Fig 5, Fig 6 all belong to sensing

vibration shocks that gets produced when an accident

occurs. The former two show us the vibration sensor

picking up the input and GSM initializing to send a

message. The latter two is the GSM sending message

and it getting delivered at the receiver end in a

mobile phone.

Fig.2 LDR output

Fig.3 Fuel level output

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Methods Enriching Power and E

Fig.4 Vibration Sensing

Fig.5 message sending output

Fig.6 Message sent output

ergy Development (MEPED) 2014

output

Fig.7 Received GPS l

Fig 7 is the receiver e

contains the GPS co ordinates o

the accident is occurring. This

used to look up for the na

coordinates.

Fig 8 Block Dia

Advanced RISC Machine (

processor in fig 8 is the main

circuit which controls all the op

place. The ARM used here (LP

self sustained system. It consis

static RAM, 128kb on chip flas

64 pins(shown in fig 9) of whic

I/O pins, 4 are for 10 bit A

interface including two UARTs,

The processor is fed with two po

operating CPU, ranging from

other is I/O power supply, rangi

ARM there is embedded trac

enables non-intrusive high speed

the instruction execution. Apart f

two inbuilt 32 bit timers, a PW

clock and a watchdog timer.

ocation

d of the module it

f the location where

PS location can be

e of the received

ram

RM): The ARM

component of the

ration that is taking

2129) is very much

ts of 16kb on chip

program memory,

46 are assigned for

C, multiple serial

ast I2C and 2 SPI’s.

wer supplies one for

1.65-1.95V and the

g from 3.0-3.6V. In

e macrocell which

real time tracing of

rom these it also has

M unit, a real time

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Methods Enriching Power and E

Fig.9 ARM processor

Sensors:

Vibration Sensor: Vibration sensor

10(a) is a type of transducer which is

the shock waves that occurs during a

converts it into an electrical sig

transferred to the controller for further

has a very high linearity, a sensitive a

of chip and a 22KHz frequency structu

Fuel level Sensor: The Fuel level se

fig. 10(b) is used to measure the leve

inside the tank. Depending upon the

voltage output of the sensor changes.

very stable and even a change of

accurately measured and also it fits int

of pipe diameter.

Light Dependent Resistor: LDR sho

senses the intensity of light and gives

value in terms of resistance. It is of l

ergy Development (MEPED) 2014

shown in fig.

used to detect

accident and

al which is

processing. It

is in the plane

e.

sor shown in

l of the liquid

fuel level the

Readings are

1mm can be

o a wide range

n in fig. 10(c)

out equivalent

ow cost, has a

very wide spectral response and

range.

Global Positioning System(

Positioning System can be used t

a person, place or a place anywh

This system shown in fig 11 fetc

the various satellites revolvingfigure out the distance between

information to deduce the locati

based on a simple mathemati

trilateration. It corresponds to the

latitude and longitude co-ordinat

Fig 10. Vibration sensor, Fuel leDependent Resis

Fig 11 GPS Mo

Global System for Mobil

(GSM): A GSM modem is a

works with a GSM wireless n

modem behaves like a dial-up

difference between the two is th

sends and receives data throug

line while a wireless modem sen

through radio waves. The workin

based on commands, the comma

AT (which means ATtention) an

character.

V. CONCLUSION

ambient temperature

PS): The Global

find the location of

re around the globe.

es information from

around the earth,each, and use this

n. This operation is

al principle called

location in terms of

s.

el sensor and Lighttor

em

Communication

ireless modem that

etwork. A wireless

modem. The main

at a dial-up modem

a fixed telephone

ds and receives data

g of GSM modem is

ds always start with

finish with a

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In this competitive world, all the

automobiles have been modernized and advanced

using automation. This automation has played an

important role in improvising the comfort and safety

of the automobiles. This paper aims at achieving

more safety while driving by implementing the

immediate reporting of accidents that occurs, ensures

the optimum usage of battery and provides an

accurate measurement of fuel level. The processor

ARM7 LPC2921 is the modernized integrated chip

that has brought automation into picture. The

proposed model of ARM processor has several

distinct advantages over the existing technology.

Beyond what has been proposed, this system can beadvanced to facilitate real time monitoring of

vehicles exact location, provide voice aid to the user

with the information about various routes for a

destination and periodically update about the various

parameters such as maximum distance that can be

travelled with the remaining fuel, temperature of the

engine and appropriate functioning of various parts

thus ensuring a safe journey.

REFERENCE

[1]. Wen Ouyang, Chang-Wu Yu, Kun-Ming Yu,

Ko-Jui Lin, Huai-Tse Chang*, Keng-Yu Cheng

“Safe Path Planning Strategy for Bike Net”

2013 IEEE

[2]. Chih-Ching Hsiao, Hsin-Tsung Ho, Pan-Chia

Cheng “A Safety System for Intelligent E-Bike

with Fuzzy Approach” June 2011 IEEE.

[3]. www.microchip.com

[4]. www.arminterfacing.com

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