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Historical Parallel Timeline Month DayYear EventEvent II2399997989 B.C.E Suavjrvi () is a lake and impact crater in the Republic of Karelia, Russia about 50 km north of the town

of Medvezhyegorsk. The approximately 3 km wide Suavjrvi lake is located in the centre of the crater.

It's the oldest known impact crater on Earth. Not much of the crater has survived, although some shock features likelarge blocks composed of impact breccia have been found. Dated to about 2.4 billion years old; around theArcheanProterozoic boundary.

2022997989 B.C.E Vredefort crater is the largest verified impact crater on Earth. It is located in the Free State Province of South Africaand named after the town of Vredefort, which is situated near its centre. Paleoproterozoic era. *2,023 4 millionyears old.

The asteroid that hit Vredefort is estimated to be one of the largest ever to strike Earth, approximately 510 km

(3.16.2 mi) in diameter. The crater has a diameter of roughly 250300 km (160190 mi), larger than the Sudbury

Basin & the Chicxulub Crater.

1999997989 B.C.E Yarrabubba Crater refers to an impact structure (or astrobleme); the eroded remnant of a former impact crater,situated in the northern Yilgarn Craton between the towns of Sandstone and Meekatharra, central Western Australia.

The diameter of the original crater is uncertain, but has been estimated to be in the range 3070 km (1943 mi).

1848997989 B.C.E The Sudbury Basin, also known as Sudbury Structure or the Sudbury Nickel Irruptive, is a major geologic structurein Ontario, Canada. It is the second-largest known impact crater or astrobleme on Earth, as well as one of the oldest.

The full extent of the Sudbury Basin is 62 km (39 mi) long, 30 km (19 mi) wide and 15 km (9.3 mi) deep; formed asan impact from a bolide approximately 1015 km (6.29.3 mi) in diameter that occurred 1.849 billion years ago.

1799997989 B.C.E Keurusselk Impact Structure; an ancient impact crater remnant, which was discovered in 2003 by amateurgeologists. Sparse gravity data shows a negative anomaly (an area of lower gravity) in the area of the impact structure.

Weak traces based on digital elevation data suggest possible ring structures from 10 km (6.2 mi) to as wide as about30 km (19 mi) in diameter. This would make Keurusselk the largest impact structure in Finland surpassing theLappajrvi crater.

1659997989 B.C.E Amelia Creek Crater is an impact structure (or astrobleme), the eroded remnant of a former impact crater, located in

the Davenport Range, Northern Territory, Australia.

The central shatter cone locality is surrounded by a 20 by 12 kilometres (12 by 7.5 mi) area of anomalousdeformation, this deformed zone gives the best estimate for the original size of the crater.

1629997989 B.C.E Shoemaker Crater (formerly known as Teague Ring) is an impact structure, situated in arid central Western Australia,about 100 km (62 mi) north-northeast of Wiluna.

The feature has a central circular region of uplifted Archaean Granite (Teague Granite) about 12 km (7.5 mi) indiameter- surrounded by a disturbance at about 30 km (19 mi) diameter, which is a minimum estimate of the size ofthe original crater.

645997989 B.C.E Strangways is a large impact structure, the eroded remnant of a former impact crater, situated in the NorthernTerritory, Australia. Estimates of the original rim diameter vary between different researchers in the range 2440 km

(1525 mi);

the Earth Impact Database prefers a diameter of 25 km (16 mi). The age of the impact event has been determined at646 42 Ma (Neoproterozoic) based on radiometric dating of impact melt rocks.

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599997989 B.C.E Beaverhead is an impact structure in central Idaho and western Montana in the United States. Estimated at 60kilometers (37 mi) in diameter, it is one of the largest impact craters on Earth. Estimated to be about 600 millionyears (early Neoproterozoic).The structure is named after the area in southwest Montana where evidence of an impact was first discovered in1990. Other than the original shatter cones found on the perimeter, there is little visible evidence of the structure.

579997989 B.C.E Acraman Crater is a deeply eroded impact crater in the Gawler Ranges of South Australia. Its location is marked byLake Acraman, a circular ephemeral playa lake about 20 km in diameter.

Some authors estimate an original diameter of up to 8590 km, while other suggest a smaller size, perhaps only

3540 km, closer to that of the depression in which Lake Acraman is centred.

499997989 B.C.E Presqu'le is a meteorite crater in the territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) of Jamsie in theNord-du-Qubec region of Quebec, Canada, located about 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the city of Chapais.

It is 24 kilometres (15 mi) in diameter and is estimated to be less than 500 million years old (Cambrian period orearlier). The crater is exposed at the surface.

449997989 B.C.E The Slate Islands (Ontario) original crater rim is estimated at about 32 km (20 mi) in diameter, but this and most ofthe crater has subsequently eroded away, leaving the islands which are interpreted as a central uplift.

The age of the impact event is estimated to be about 450 million years (Ordovician). Another source estimates theage at 800-500 million years (late Proterozoic to early Paleozoic).

376997989 B.C.E Siljan, in Dalarna in central Sweden, is Sweden's sixth largest lake. Siljansringen (Siljan Ring), a circular geologicalformation which was formed 377 million years ago in the Devonian by a major meteorite impact.

The original crater, now mostly eroded, is estimated to have been about 52 km (32 mi) in diameter and is the largestknown impact crater in Europe (excluding Russia).

363997989 B.C.E Woodleigh Crater is a large meteorite impact crater (astrobleme) in Western Australia, centered on WoodleighStation east of Shark Bay. The crater is not exposed at the surface and therefore its size is uncertain.

The original discovery team believe it may be up to 120 km (75 mi) in diameter, but others argue it may be muchsmaller, with one study suggesting a diameter closer to 60 km (37 mi).

341997989 B.C.E The Charlevoix Crater is a large eroded meteorite impact crater in the Charlevoix region of Quebec, Canada. Onlypart of the crater is exposed at the surface, the rest being covered by the Saint Lawrence River.

The original crater is estimated to have been 54 kilometres (34 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be 342 15 million years (Mississippian). The projectile was probably a stony asteroid, at least 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) indiameter.

319997989 B.C.E Serpent Mound Crater, also known as the Serpent Mound Disturbance, is an eroded meteorite impact crater in Ohio,United States. The original rim diameter is estimated at 8 km (5 miles)

It is classified as a complex crater because it features a central uplift, a transition zone, and a ring graben (a ring-shaped trough in the outer part of the crater).

289997989 B.C.E Lac l'Eau Claire Crater. The lakes fill circular depressions that are interpreted as paired impact craters(astroblemes). The eastern and western craters are 26 km (16 mi) and 36 km (22 mi) in diameter, respectively.

Both craters have the same age, 290 20 million years (Permian), and it is believed that they formed simultaneously.The impactors may have been gravitationally bound as a binary asteroid.



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244397989 B.C.E The Araguainha Crater or Araguainha Dome is an impact crater on the border of Mato Grosso and Gois states,Brazil, between the villages of Araguainha and Ponte Branca.

With a diameter of 40 kilometres (25 mi), it is the second largest known impact crater in South America, andpossibly the oldest one. The crater was formed 244.40 3.25 million years ago in the Triassic period, when theregion was probably a shallow sea.

219997989 B.C.E Saint Martin is an impact crater in Manitoba, Canada. It is 40 km (25 mi) in diameter and its age is estimated at 220 32 million years (Triassic). The crater is not exposed at the surface.

215497989 B.C.E The Manicouagan Crater is one of the oldest known impact craters and is located primarily in Manicouagan RegionalCounty Municipality in the Cte-Nord region of Qubec, Canada.

Thought to have been caused by the impact of a 5 km (3 mi) diameter asteroid about 215.5 million years ago. Thecrater is a multiple-ring structure about 100 km (60 mi), with its 70 km (40 mi) diameter inner ring its mostprominent feature.

213997989 B.C.E Rochechouart is an impact crater in France. The crater diameter is still under study but expected to be about 21 km(13 mi) and its current age estimate is given as 214 8 million years, placing it in the Upper Triassic period.

The Rochechouart impact crater was the first crater the nature of which was proven by the determination of theimpact effects on the rocks, without any circular topographic features being visible.

199997989 B.C.E Guarda Crater is a possible impact crater located in Guarda District in Portugal. It is estimated to be 200 millionyears old, and measures 35 kilometres (22 mi) in diameter. The crater has suffered a lot of hydric erosion.

168997989 B.C.E Obolon' Crater is a 20 km (12 mi) diameter buried meteorite impact crater situated about 200 km (120 mi) southeastof Kiev in Ukraine (Poltava Oblast).

The site has been drilled, which revealed the presence of shocked minerals and impact melt rock; the high chlorinecontent of the latter suggesting that the area was covered by shallow sea at the time of impact.

166997989 B.C.E Puchezh-Katunki is a meteor crater in the Chkalovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in Volga Federal District,Russia. It is 80 km (50 mi) in diameter and is estimated to be 167 3 million years old, placing it in the MiddleJurassic.

The central dome, ring depression, and ring terrace of the 80 km (50 mi) wide impact structure are nearly completelyburied under Neogene and Quaternary sediments, with the only exposed impactites found on the banks of the VolgaRiver.

144997989 B.C.E The Morokweng Crater (or Morokweng impact structure) is an impact crater buried beneath the Kalahari Desert nearthe town of Morokweng in the Northwest Province of South Africa, close to the border with Botswana.

The crater, formed by an asteroid 5 to 10 km (3.1 to 6.2 mi) in diameter, is at least about 160 km (99 mi) in diameterand the age is estimated to be 145.0 0.8 million years, placing it on the JurassicCretaceous boundary.

142497989 B.C.E Gosses Bluff (Gosse's Bluff) is thought to be an impact crater. It is located in the southern Northern Territory, nearthe centre of Australia, about 175 km (109 mi) west of Alice Springs.

The original crater rim has been estimated at about 22 km (14 mi) in diameter, but this has been eroded away. The 5km (3.1 mi) diameter, 180 m (590 ft) high crater-like feature is interpreted as the eroded relic of the crater's centraluplift.



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141997989 B.C.E Mjlnir is a meteorite crater on the floor of Barents Sea off the coast of Norway. It is 40 km (25 mi) in diameter andthe age is estimated to be 142.0 2.6 million years (Lower Cretaceous). The bolide was an estimated 2 km (1.2 mi)wide.Mjlnir is the name of Thor's mythological hammer. Giving the crater this name was presumably an allusion to thepower of the weapon, which is often described as breaking and smashing rocks.

127997989 B.C.E Tookoonooka is a large meteorite impact crater (astrobleme) situated in southwestern Queensland, Australia. It liesdeeply buried within Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of the Eromanga Basin and is not visible at the surface.

Estimates of the crater diameter range from 55 km (34 mi) to 66 km (41 mi). Tookoonooka is associated with severalsmall oil fields. Seismic data reveal a similar nearby structure of the same age referred to as Talundilly.

114997989 B.C.E Carswell is an impact crater in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is 39 km in diameter and the age is estimated to be 115 10 million years (Lower Cretaceous). The crater is exposed at the surface.

90997989 B.C.E Steen River is an impact structure in Alberta, Canada. It is 25 km (16 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be91 7 million years (Lower Cretaceous).

The crater is not exposed at the surface. The crater was partially eroded prior to burial, and lies under 200 m (660 ft)of sediments.

73797989 B.C.E The Manson Impact Crater is near the site of Manson, Iowa where an asteroid or comet nucleus struck the Earthduring the Cretaceous Period, 74 Ma (million years ago). Crater is 20 to 90 m (66 to 300 ft) below the surface; 38 km(24 mi) in diameter.

It was one of the largest impacts by an object from outer space to have happened in North America and waspreviously thought to have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs until isotopic ages proved that it was too old.

73297989 B.C.E Lappajrvi is a lake in Finland, in the municipalities of Lappajrvi, Alajrvi and Vimpeli. It is formed in a 23 km (14mi) wide meteorite crater. The age of the crater is estimated to be 73.3 million years old (5.3 m)-the upperCretaceous period.

The lake is part of htvnjoki (Swedish: Esse ) basin together with Lake Evijrvi that is located downstream of it.

70297989 B.C.E Kara is a meteor crater in the Yugorsky Peninsula, Nenetsia, Russia. It is 65 km in diameter and the age is estimatedto be 70.3 2.2 million years old (Upper Cretaceous).

Impactite outcrops located on the Baydarata Gulf shore north-east of the crater imply that the original size of thecrater, now greatly eroded, was 120 km in diameter.

65167989 B.C.E Boltysh Crater is an impact crater in the Kirovohrad Oblast province of Ukraine. Boltysh Crater is located in centralUkraine, in the basin of the Tiasmyn River, a tributary of the Dnieper River.

The crater is 24 kilometres (15 mi) in diameter and its age of 65.17 0.64 million years, based on argon datingtechniques, is within error of that of Chicxulub Crater in Mexico, and the KT boundary.

64997989 B.C.E Chicxulub Crater is an ancient impact crater buried underneath the Yucatn Peninsula in Mexico. It is more than 180km (110 mi) in diameter, making the feature one of the largest confirmed impact structures on Earth.

The age of the rocks shows that this impact structure dates from the end of the Cretaceous Period, roughly 65 millionyears ago, implicated in causing the extinction of the dinosaurs as suggested by the KT boundary.



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50497989 B.C.E Montagnais is a meteorite crater located on the continental shelf south of Nova Scotia, Canada.

It measures 45 km in diameter, and its age is estimated to be 50.50 0.76 million years (Eocene). The crater is underthe sea and buried beneath marine sediments.

48997989 B.C.E Kamensk is an impact crater in Russia. It is 25 km (16 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be 49.0 0.2million years old (Eocene). The crater is not exposed at the surface. It may have formed at the same time as thesmaller nearby crater Gusev.

39997989 B.C.E Logancha is a meteorite crater in Siberia, Russia. It is 20 km (12 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be 40million years old (most likely Eocene). The crater is not exposed at the surface.

38997989 B.C.E Haughton Impact Crater is located on Devon Island, Nunavut in far northern Canada. It is about 23 km (14 mi) indiameter and formed about 39 million years ago (late Eocene).

The impacting object is estimated to have been approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) in diameter. Devon Island itself iscomposed of Paleozoic shale and siltstone overlying gneissic bedrock.

36397989 B.C.E Mistastin Crater is a meteorite crater in Labrador, Canada which contains the roughly circular Mistastin Lake. Thelake's arcuate central island is interpreted to be the central uplift of the complex crater structure.

The lake is approximately 16 km (9.9 mi) in diameter, while the estimated diameter of the original crater is 28 km(17 mi). The age of the crater is estimated to be 36.4 4 million years (Eocene).

35697989 B.C.E The Popigai crater in Siberia, Russia is tied with Manicouagan Crater as the fourth largest verified impact crater onEarth. Identified as either an 8 km (5.0 mi) diameter chondrite asteroid, or a 5 km (3.1 mi) diameter stony asteroid.

A large bolide impact created the 100 kilometres (62 mi) diameter crater 35.7 0.2 million years ago during the lateEocene (Priabonian stage).

34997989 B.C.E The Chesapeake Bay impact crater was formed by a bolide that impacted the eastern shore of North America about35 million years ago, in the late Eocene epoch. The entire circular crater is about 85 km (53 mi) in diameter and 1.3km (0.81 mi) deep.

It is one of the best-preserved "wet-target" or marine impact craters, and the largest known impact crater in the U.S..

14297989 B.C.E The Nrdlinger Ries is a large circular depression in western Bavaria, Germany, located north of the Danube in thedistrict of Donau-Ries. The city of Nrdlingen is located about 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) southwest of the centre of thedepression.

The word "Ries" is not a German word; it is believed that the term is derived from Raetia, since the tribe of Raetianslived in the area in pre-Roman times. The addition is actually redundant, as there is no other place called Ries.

4997989 B.C.E Karakul lake lies within a circular depression interpreted as a meteorite impact crater with a rim diameter of 52 km(32 mi). The impact event is estimated to have occurred about 25 million years ago, or less than 5 million years ago.

The Karakul impact structure remained unidentified until it was discovered through studies of imagery taken fromspace.



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4397989 B.C.E Ardi (ARA-VP-6/500) is the designation of the fossilized skeletal remains of a female Ardipithecus Ramidus, anearly human-like species 4.4 million years old. The word Ardi means "ground floor" and the word ramid means"root" in the Afar language.It is the most complete early hominid specimen, with most of the skull, teeth, pelvis, hands and feet. Ardi, a morecomplete set of remains than the Australopithecus Lucy, cannot be a common ancestor of Chimpanzees and humans.

3747989 B.C.E Laetoli, Tanzania Australopithecus Afarensis FootprintA line of hominid fossil footprints, discovered in 1976 by Mary Leakey, is preserved in powdery volcanic ash froman eruption of the 20 km distant Sadiman Volcano.Most scholars classify them as Australopithecus afarensis, but some stress the greater similarity to Homo and preferto speak of Homo sp. indet.

3197989 B.C.E "Lucy" is the common name of AL 288-1, several hundred pieces of bone representing about 40% of the skeleton ofan individual Australopithecus afarensis. The specimen was discovered in 1974 at Hadar in the Awash Valley ofEthiopia's Afar Depression.In 1994, a new hominid, Ardi, was found, pushing back the earliest known hominid date to 4.4 million years ago,although details of this discovery were not published until October 2009. Lucy is estimated to have lived 3.2 millionyears ago.

2500000 B.C.E The Oldowan is significant for being the earliest stone tool industry in prehistory, being used from 2.6 million yearsago up until 1.7 million years ago, when it was followed by the more sophisticated Acheulean industry.

Oldowan tools were therefore the earliest tools in human history, and mark the beginning of the archaeologicalrecord. The term "Oldowan" is taken from the site of Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania.

1797989 B.C.E Early human migrations began when Homo Erectus first migrated out of Africa over the Levantine corridor and Hornof Africa to Eurasia about 1.8 million years ago, a migration probably sparked by the development of language.*

Modern humans, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa up to 200,000 years ago and reached the Near East around125,000 years ago.***Fischer, Steven Roger (2004). "A History of Language".

342989 B.C.E The oldest human footprints ever found are 345,000 years old, give or take 6,000. Known as the "devils' trails", theyhave been preserved in volcanic ash atop the Roccamonfina volcano in Italy.

Stphane Scaillet and colleagues at the Laboratory of Climatic and Environmental Sciences, France, have used argondating techniques to verify the prints' age. The new findings also confirm that the owners of the footprints were

Homo Heidelbergensis.

170000 B.C.E Homo Sapiens, or Intelligent Man (modern man), 'evolves' from Homo Erectus in Africa, or possibly from HomoHeidelbergensis or a similar intermediate species;

Homo Sapiens only hominid to engage in abstract thinking and symbolic behavior (mythology, art, writing, science,coinage, etc.).*per the mainstream

128000 B.C.E The early inhabitants of Crete settled as early as 128,000 BC, during the Middle Paleolithic age. However, it was notuntil 5,000 BC that the first signs of advanced agriculture appeared.

The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete and flourished fromapproximately the 27th century B.C. to the 15th century B.C..

114989 B.C.E The footprints of Eve is the popular name for a set of fossilized footprints discovered on the shore of LangebaanLagoon, South Africa in 1995. They are thought to be those of a female human and have been dated to approximately117,000 years ago.This makes them the oldest known footprints of an anatomically-modern human. The date also means that theindividual who left these footprints in this soil, if female, is a candidate for the title of Eve.



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47989 B.C.E "Meteor Crater" Formerly known as the Canyon Diablo Crater, fragments of the meteorite are officially called theCanyon Diablo Meteorite; Scientists refer to the crater as Barringer Crater. Located approximately 43 miles east ofFlagstaff, near Winslow inin the northern Arizona desert of the United States. About 1,740 m (5,709 ft) above sea level. It is about 1,200 m(4,000 ft) in diameter, some 170 m deep (570 ft), and is surrounded by a rim that rises 45 m (150 ft) above thesurrounding plains.

38989 B.C.E "X-Woman" The Denisova hominin (/dnisv/) is the remains (a finger bone and tooth) of a member of the genusHomo that may belong to a previously unknown species based on an analysis of their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

The mtDNA of the Denisova hominin is distinct from the mtDNAs of Neanderthals and modern humans. In 2011 atoe bone was discovered which may belong to a Neanderthal-Denisovan hybrid.

25000 B.C.E 25,000-12,000 B.C.E.: Homo Sapiens Sapiens arrive in the New World. The specifics of Paleo-Indians migration toand throughout the American Continent, including the exact dates and routes traveled, are subject to ongoingresearch and discussion.Most scholars agree that Homo Sapiens Sapiens did not evolve independently in the New World; no remains of otherhominid species have been found & related primate species do not occur- they must have come to the New Worldfrom somewhere else.

17989 B.C.E About 20,000 years ago, five human hunters sprinted across the soft clay on the edge of a wetland in what is nowNew South Wales, Australia.

Others also wandered across the muddy landscape, including a family of five, a small child, and a one-legged manwho hopped without a crutch. *700 fossil footprints, 400 of them grouped in a set of 23 tracks.

13489 B.C.E The oldest projectile points found in North America were long thought to date from about 13,000 years ago, duringthe Paleo-Indian period, however recent evidence suggests that North American projectile points may date to as oldas 15,500 years.

Some of the more famous Paleo-Indian types include Clovis, Folsom and Dalton points.

12900 B.C.E The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis or Clovis comet hypothesis was the hypothesized large air burst or earthimpact of an object or objects from outer space that initiated the Younger Dryas cold period about 12,900.

The theory attempts to explain the extinction of most of the large animals in North America and the demise of theNorth American stone age Clovis culture about at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.

12000 B.C.E 12,000-3,600 B.C.E.: Continuing melting ice from retreating glaciers of last ice age, which officially ended 10,000,causes a huge amount of water from Mediterranean Sea to spill over Bosporos into the Black Sea, flooding the BlackSea coastal areas.

This is what likely led to the Great Flood story in Assyro-Babylonian tradition. (First actual flood)

10000 B.C.E 10,000-5,700 B.C.E.: atalhyk, Turkey; Is the largest and best preserved Neolithic site found to date. atalhykis located overlooking wheat fields in the Konya Plain, southeast of the present-day city of Konya (ancient Iconium)in Turkey.

The site was first excavated by James Mellaart in 1958. He later led a team which excavated there for four seasonsbetween 1961 and 1965. These excavations revealed this section of Anatolia as a centre of advanced culture in theNeolithic period.

9564 B.C.E Destruction of Atlantis, according to Theosophic tradition.



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9500 B.C.E 'Gbekli Tepe' is a hilltop sanctuary erected on the highest point of an elongated mountain ridge some 9.3 minortheast of the town of anlurfa (formerly Urfa/Edessa) in southeastern Turkey. Supposedly erected by hunter-

gatherers in the 9th millennium.Together with Neval ori, it has revolutionized understanding of the Eurasian Neolithic. This site is almost 12,000

years old, and pre-dates any civilizations found on earth by several thousand years. *Deliberately buried in sand, forreasons unknown.

9500 B.C.E 'Neval ori' was an early Neolithic settlement on the middle Euphrates, in the province of anlurfa (Urfa), easternTurkey. The site is famous for having revealed some of the world's most ancient known temples and monumentalsculpture.The settlement was located about 490 m above sea level, in the foothills of the Taurus mountains, on both banks ofthe Kantara stream, a tributary of the Euphrates.

9000 B.C.E 'Baalbek' dates back about 9,000 years, with almost continual settlement of the tell under the Temple of Jupiter,which was probably a temple since the pre-Hellenistic era.

After Alexander the Great conquered the Near East in 334 B.C.E., the existing settlement was named Heliopolis() from helios, Greek for sun, and polis, Greek for city. Romans had built a temple complex in Baalbekconsisting of three temples.

9000 B.C.E Early dates for Damascus. Commonly known in Syria as al-Sham, and as the City of Jasmine, is the capital and thesecond largest city of Syria after Aleppo. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in theworld,

Damascus is a major cultural and religious center of the Levant. It is believed that there are more than 2,000 mosquesin Damascus, the most well-known being the Umayyad Mosque. Christians represent 10% of the population while85% are Sunni Muslims.

9000 B.C.E Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is believed to be thelowest & oldest continuously inhabited city in the world.

Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of more than 20 successive settlements in Jericho, the first of which datesback 11,000 years, almost to the very beginning of the Holocene epoch of Earth's prehistory.

8338 B.C.E Approximate date for the "Bosnian Pyramids", claimed to be being excavated in Bosnia near the town of Visoko,northwest of Sarajevo. The idea that it constitutes an ancient artificial edifice was publicised by Bosnian author andmetalworkerSemir Osmanagi. He claims they were constructed by ancient Illyrian inhabitants of the Balkans as early as 12,000B.C.. The 213-metre (699 ft) Visoica hill, upon which the Old town of Visoki was once sited, is roughly pyramid-

shaped.

7500 B.C.E 'Jaffa' is famous for its association with the biblical story of the prophet Jonah. Incorporated with Tel Aviv creatingthe city of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.

Mentioned in an Ancient Egyptian letter from 1440 B.C.E., glorifying its conquest by Pharaoh Thutmose III, whosegeneral, Djehuty hid armed Egyptian warriors in large baskets and sent the baskets as a present to the Canaanite city'sgovernor.

6960 B.C.E 6,960+/-640 BCE; Explosive volcanic eruption of Hasan Dagi in Turkey.

6,600 BCE; Neolithic atalhyk provides the oldest known map of both a Cityand a Volcanic Eruption.

6230 B.C.E Earliest date for Byblos, the Greek name of the Phoenician city Gebal. According to fragments attributed to the semi-legendary pre-Trojan war Phoenician historian Sanchuniathon, it was built by Cronus as the first city in Phoenicia.

Today, Byblos is a modern city that still retains its historical past. It remains as one of Lebanon's major tourist sitesdue to its rich history and scenic mountains overlooking the Mediterranean.



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6000 B.C.E The earliest written records go back about 5,000 years in the Near East, in Mesopotamia, and the Nile Valley.Elsewhere, written history begins much later: in Greece, about 3,500 years ago; in China, about 2,000 years ago;

and in many other parts of the world, after the 15th century C.E. with the arrival of Western explorers andmissionaries. Oral histories have an even shorter compass, extending back only a few generations or centuries at themost.

5400 B.C.E 'City of Eridu'; An ancient Sumerian city in what is now Tell Abu Shahrain, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq. Eridu wasconsidered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia, and is one of the oldest cities in the world. Originally, the homefounded by Enki (Ea).Sumerians, a non-Semitic people in southern Mesopotamia, invent the wheel, nails, writing and using clay tablets tokeep records of commodities; Sumerians considered by many to be the world's first civilization.

5000 B.C.E The Kingdom of Aksum had its own written language called Ge'ez, and also developed a distinctive architectureexemplified by giant obelisks, the oldest of which (though much smaller) date from 50002000 BC.

4200 B.C.E Uskmouth, South Wales Footprints.Following storms in the autumn of 1986, a track of human footprints was discovered eroding out of the clays in theintertidal zone in front of Uskmouth Power Station.

The footprints were found to contain peat deposits, allowing them to be carbon dated to 4200 B.C.. This made themthe oldest known human footprints in Britain.

4100 B.C.E The cone head or elongated skulls found in Maltese temple-tombs are similar to those found in Peru and studied byDr. Von Tschudi. Not only is this race very different than homo-sapiens (humans) but they appeared in the Americas,Africa, the Middle East.

We also find cone heads dolicho-head peoples in ancient Sumer/Akkad (Iraq). Six kilometers east of Mosul, innorthern Iraq, is the ancient site of Tell Arpachiyah. *Dolichocephaloids

4004 B.C.E

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Creation - Christian; *James Ussher. In the r'shth 'El hym br' the heaven and the earth. Then 'El hym said, "LetUs 'sh man in Our image, according to Our likeness; and let them rule"

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Enki mixes clay for Nintu to create mankind. She uses a god and clay, then gives it spirit. The Anunnaki OK'd it. We-ila, who had personality, was killed and his flesh and blood was used by Nintu to mix as clay.

4000 B.C.E 4,000-2,000 B.C.E.: 'People and Animals', a detail of rock-shelter painting in Cogul, Lleida, Spain, are painted. It isnow at Museo Arqueolgico, Barcelona.

4000 B.C.E City of Uruk (Biblical Erech): In myth and literature Uruk was famous as the capital city of Gilgamesh, hero of theEpic of Gilgamesh. It is also believed Uruk is the Biblical (Genesis 10:10) Erech, the second city founded by Nimrodin Shinar.

3874 B.C.E Cain Kills Able. Cain filled with lustful rage, leads Abel into the wilderness of dark soil. After having Abel lead infront, he starts beating Abel with his staff, then takes a large stone and crushes his skull, spilling his brains.

After the Ya/Cain exchange...'where is your brother?' Cain marked with trembling and shaking. Abel was 15 1/2 &Cain 17 1/2. Cain takes Luluwa in marriage, they move to the place of dark soil where he had killed Abel and theirchildren filled the land.



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3800 B.C.E In Genesis, Sidon is the son of Canaan the grandson of Noah. Its name coincides with the modern Arabic word forfishery. In the years before Jesus, Sidon had many conquerors: Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks, andfinally Romans.Herod the Great visited Sidon. The city was eventually conquered by the Arabs and then by the Ottoman Turks. OnDecember 4th, 1110 Sidon was sacked in the First Crusade by King Baldwin of Jerusalem and King Sigurd ofNorway.

3760 B.C.E

4

Creation - Hebrew

29

3600 B.C.E Construction of the Ta' arat and Kordin III temples on Malta. Construction of the gantija megalithic templecomplex on the Island of Gozo, Malta: the world's oldest extant free-standing structures, and the world's oldestreligious structures.3,600-3,200 B.C.: Construction of the first temple within the Mnajdra solar temple complex on Malta, containing"furniture" such as stone benches and tables, that set it apart from other European megalith constructions.

3544 B.C.E Birth of Jared to Mahalaleel and Dinah. Mahalaleel lived sixty-five years, and fathered Jared.

Mahalaleel leads family till he becomes sick @ 870. He calls Jared and warns him of the coming transgression andthe impending flood Yahweh confirms @ 450. Jared is tested @ 485, led to people of Cain, prays and is delivered.

3500 B.C.E From the Early Bronze Age (3,500 B.C. to 2,600 B.C.), the Minoan civilization on Crete showed a promise ofgreatness. Around 1,700 B.C. there was a large disturbance in Crete, probably an earthquake, or possibly an invasionfrom Anatolia.

There was another natural catastrophe around 1,600 B.C., possibly an eruption of the Thera volcano. Even thisdisaster didn't discourage the Minoans: the palaces were again rebuilt and were made even greater than before.

3500 B.C.E The Sumerian King List names eight antediluvian kings who reigned for tens of thousands of years, but it is notknown if these names have any historical basis. The royal tombs of Ur contain the graves of Meskalamdug andAkalamdug, among others,

which probably date to this period. The first known writing, a small limestone tablet, comes from Kish and is dated to3,500. At Uruk several hundred clay tablets have been found, most dating to 3,200-3,100.

3382 B.C.E Jared marries Baraka. Birth of Enoch. "Chnwk walked with 'Elhym three hundred years after he had become thefather of Methuselah, and he had other sons and daughters. So all the day's of Enoch were three hundred and sixty-five years.Chnwk walked with 'Elhym; and he was not, for 'Elhym took him."*The Book of Enoch.**Enochian Bloodline

3300 B.C.E 3,300-2,900 B.C.E.: Construction of the Newgrange solar observatory/passage tomb in Ireland.

Approximate early dating for Stonehenge. Many claim that Skara Brae is much older however.

3300 B.C.E Born in 3,300 B.C., around 3,255 tzi the Iceman dies near the present-day border between Austria and Italy, only tobe discovered in 1991 buried in a glacier of the tztal Alps. His cause of death is believed to be homicide.

He wore a cloak made of woven grass and had a coat, a belt, a pair of leggings, a loincloth and shoes as well as acopper axe with a yew handle, a flint-bladed knife with an ash handle and a quiver of 14 arrows with viburnum anddogwood shafts.



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3251 B.C.E 3,251-3,237 B.C.Flood Date given in 'The Book of Giant's' by: W.B. Henning

3228 B.C.E

7

"Krishna Janmashtami" Birth of Krishna; the 8th & Complete Avatar of Vishnu. He 'departed' on 3,102.

19

3180 B.C.E 3,180-2,500 B.C. *Wiki-DateSkara Brae is a large stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland,Orkney, Scotland. It consists of ten clustered houses.Older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids, it has been called the "Scottish Pompeii" because of its excellentpreservation. [Hawkes 1986, p. 262] A number of enigmatic Carved Stone Balls have been found at the site andsome are on display in the museum

3114 B.C.E

8

Creation - Maya

11

3100 B.C.E Narmer was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period. He is thought to be the successor to theProtodynastic pharaohs Scorpion (or Selk) and/or Ka, and he is considered by some to be the unifier of Egypt andfounder of the First Dynasty.

The identity of Narmer is the subject of ongoing debate. Menes is also credited with the unification of Egypt, as thefirst pharaoh. According to the legend, Menes unifies Upper and Lower Egypt, and a new capital is erected atMemphis.

3074 B.C.E Cain's house falls on him and kills him. - Lamech the blind; son of Cain and father of Atun is tending his sheep whenCain approaches.

Lamech fears he is an intruder and shoots him with a bow that hits him in the side, and then shoots him between theeyes with his sling. Cain falls and dies and Lamech kills Atun in the confusion.

3074 B.C.E Death of Adam at 930 years old. - So all the days that the 'dm lived were nine hundred and thirty years, and hedied.

Death of Adam @ 930; 15th of Barmudeh after the reckoning of an epact of the sun, on the 9th hour on a Friday.Before his death, Adam tells his sons to keep separate from the children of Cain.

3074 B.C.E Enoch is sent to warn Azazel of the watchers impending doom. Nephilim cursed with an unquenchable thirst andhunger, forced to roam the earth eternally. Fallen promised 'no peace' and forced to watch the destruction of theirchildren.

When the 4 archangels come to destroy the fallen, the fallen take human form and try to hid among the humans. Thearchangels separate the demons and lead them to thirty-two distant towns at Aryan Wezan, near Mt. Sumeru.

3017 B.C.E Enlil becomes enraged with the IGIGI. "All we Anunnaki decided together on a rule. Anu and Adad guarded theupper regions, I guarded the lower earth. But wherever Enki goes, he loosens the yoke and establishes freedom. Letus bind prince Enkiby an oath."

"Why will you bind me with an oath? Am I to lay my hands on my own peoples? The flood that you are commandingme, who is it? I do not know. Am I to give birth to a flood? That is the task of Enlil. " The gods commanded totaldestruction.



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3017 B.C.E Enoch builds two great pillars: one of marble, engraved with an historical direction in respect to a subterranean nine-arched vault/temple which he had built by the inspiration of the Most High; (possibly in Mt. Calvary);

and one of brass, inscribed with the principles of the liberal arts, and especially of masonry. The flood washed awaythe marble pillar. Josephus Mentions Two Ancient Pillars-1.3.70

3017 B.C.E The Fallen; 200 in all, led by Semjz descended upon Mt. Hermon in the days of Jared. Twenty of them made anoath to take wives of the daughters of men. These Fallen start to teach mankind the secrets of heaven;

charms, enchantments, magic's, sorceries, cutting of roots, astrology, constellations, signs of the earth, moon, sun andstars; and both metal working and war. These relationships gave birth to the Nephilim.

3000 B.C.E Sumerian temple of Janna at Eridu erected.

First clear evidence of a permanent settlement at Jerusalem. (Early Bronze Age 30002800 B.C.E.) According to the

Bible, before King David's conquest of Jerusalem in approximately 1,003 B.C.E. the city was home to the Jebusites,and called 'Jebus'.

2948 B.C.E Lamech marries Batenosh. Birth of Noah.

Lamech lived one hundred and eighty-two years, and fathered Nach. Nachwas blameless in his time; Nachwalked with 'Elhym.

2900 B.C.E Aegean civilization is a general term for the Bronze Age civilizations of Greece around the Aegean Sea. There are infact three distinct but communicating and interacting geographic regions covered by this term: Crete, the Cycladesand the Greek mainland.

Crete is associated with the Minoan civilization from the Early Bronze Age. The Cyclades converge with themainland during the Early Helladic ("Minyan") period and with Crete in the Middle Minoan period.

2750 B.C.E Historical date for the Life of Gilgamesh. This dating works with the D.S.S. mention of his name but conflicthowever with the general theme of the story as well as other relevant historical data.

2700 B.C.E Semitic tribes occupy Assyria in the northern part of the plain of Shinar and Akkad. Phoenicians settle on Syriancoast, with centers at Tyre and Sidon. Creation of the Kingdom of Elam.

Germination of the Bristlecone pine tree "Methuselah" about 2,700 B.C.E., the oldest known tree still living now.

2600 B.C.E Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Mohenjo-daro was built around 2600 BC and abandoned around 1,800 BC. At itsheight, Mohenjo-daro was the most developed and advanced city in South Asia, displaying remarkably developedengineering and urban planning for its time.

Harappa was rediscovered in the 1920s after excavations at Mohenjo-daro (which means "mound of the dead") inSindh near Sukkur, and Harappa, in west Punjab south of Lahore. *23,500 residents.

2575 B.C.E The age of the pyramids reached its zenith at Giza in 2575-2150 B.C.. As of 2008, some 135 pyramids have beendiscovered in Egypt. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest in Egypt and one of the largest in the world.

The base is over 52,600 square meters in area. While pyramids are associated with Egypt, the nation of Sudan has220 extant pyramids, the most numerous in the world. The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of theAncient World.



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2500 B.C.E 2,500 B.C.E.-2,200 B.C.E.: Incised panel "Frying pan", from Syros, Cyclades is made. Two figures of women, fromthe Cyclades, are made. They are now at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens.

Dynasty of Lagash in Sumer. Golden age of Ur in Mesopotamia. (2474 BC2398 BC) Sumerian poetry, lamenting

the death of Tammuz, the shepherd god. Sumerian cuneiform writing reduces pictographs still in use to about 550.

2500 B.C.E Excavation and development of the Hypogeum of al-Saflieni at Paola, Malta, a subterranean temple complexsubsequently used as a necropolis.

2492 B.C.E The Armenian patriarch Haik defeats the Babylonian king Bel.

2452 B.C.E Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, a group of legendary rulers in Ancient China.

2371 B.C.E Sargon the Great (Sharru-kin, 2371-2316) rose from obscure origins to become cupbearer to Ur-zababa, king of Kish.Rebelling, he built the city of Agade or Akkad (whose site has not been located) and proclaimed himself king.

Sargon installed his daughter Enheduanna as high priestess at Ur. Enheduanna's hymns to Inanna have survived,making her history's first known author. Around 2190, Akkad fell to the Gutians.

2349 B.C.E 'Noah'* sees that the "earth had tilted/sunk and its destruction was near". Afflicted and Shaken. Noah builds the arkas commanded, and enters Flood, Noah's sacrifice. Covenant of Noah. Inauguration of Feast of Weeks (Pentecost).2nd, Biblical Flood.

*In those days 'Zi-ud-sura' is king; a flood will sweep over the...in all the...a decision that the seed of mankind is tobe destroyed had been made. Zi-ud-sura prostrated himself before An and Enlil; they granted him life like a god; in

the land Dilmun.

2348 B.C.E In the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, the ark rested on the mountains of Ararat. After leavingthe ark, Nach first builds an altar and makes an offering, then begins farming and plants a vineyard.

After the waters had abated; Atra-Khasis offers up a sacrifice to the gods. They smelled the smell and gathered likeflies over the offering. The warrior Enlil saw the vessel and was filled with anger at the IGIGI:

2345 B.C.E Sixth Dynasty of Egypt, reign of Teti.

2247 B.C.E Building of the Tower of Babel. Human Race dispersed from the land of Shinar. "Come, let us make bricks and burnthem thoroughly.""Come, let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower whose top will reach into heaven,-- Enkishall change their speech

It is the name of that celebrated tower attempted to be built on the plains of Shinar, 1775 A.M., about one hundredand forty years after the Deluge--Josephus 1.5.120 Makes reference to the Tower of Babel Dispersion. *(America)



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2247 B.C.E Life of Gilgamesh per The Sumerian King List; He was the 5th Ruler in the 1st Dynasty of Uruk. Enmerkar buildsUruk, and it is Gilgamesh who is attributed to building its walls. Enmerkar; the son of Mesh-ki-ang-gasher, the kingof Unug,who built Unug (Uruk) reigned 420 years. Gilgamesh; whose father was a phantom (?), the lord of Kulaba reigned126 years. He was contemporary with Aga of Kish.

2138 B.C.E Babylon: A solar eclipse on May 9th and a lunar eclipse on May 24th occurred and are believed to be the doubleeclipse that took place 23 years after the ascension of king Shulgi of Babylon by those holding to the long chronology.

2126 B.C.E The Lord imposed a levy on his city. The herald made the horn signal sound in all the lands: "Unug, arise! Open upthe Euphrates! Kulaba, arise! Divert the waters of the Euphrates!" Unug's levy was a flood, Kulaba's levy was aclouded sky.Utu looked at its shells with admiration. Then as soon as the water in the bed of the Euphrates had receded, his tombwas built there from stone. (1.8.1.3) [Gilgamesh Tomb]

2030 B.C.E Islamic scholars have generally assumed that the Kaaba was constructed by Abraham in around 2030 B.C. However,academic scholars find little evidence to support the claim of Islamic tradition that the Kaaba was built by Abraham.

Dr. Siavash Avesta in his book 'From Mitra to Mohammad' claims that the Kaaba was built by Darius the Greataround the 5th century B.C. as a Zorastrian fire temple and was called Beyt Zohal before being repaired by Abraham.

2000 B.C.E 2,000 B.C.E.-1,900 B.C.E.: 'Kamares Ware Jug', from Phaistos, Crete, is made. Old Palace period. It is now at theHeraklion Archaeological Museum, Iraklion, Crete.

2,000 B.C.E.-1,600 B.C.E.: Erlitou period (Xia Dynasty) in China. 2,000 B.C.E.-250 A.D.: Mayan Civilization Pre-Classic Period;250-900 A.D.: Mayan Civilization Classic Period. Height of the Empire.

2000 B.C.E Tichit (Ancient Ghana) settlements began. Seima-Turbino Phenomenon originating in the Altai Mountains leads torapid and massive migrations westward across the Urals into north-eastern Europe and eastward into China andSouth-east Asia.

1996 B.C.E Terah marries Edna. Birth of Abraham.

The founder of the Hebrew nation and Judaism. Grand-Father of: Judaism, Islam, and Christianity.

1922 B.C.E God called Abraham out of Ur, of the Chaldeans, to go into the land that He would show him. Gen. 15:7; Jos 24:2,3;Ne 9:7; & Ac 7:2-4. Ur was located in Mesopotamia according to Stephen the first martyr and Abarbenel.

*Ussher

1910 B.C.E Birth of Ishmael to Abraham and Hagar.

Father of Islam.



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1900 B.C.E Epic of Gilgamesh Tablet Written-Earliest known work of literature. Scholars believe that it originated as a series ofSumerian legends and poems about the protagonist of the story, Gilgamesh king of Uruk, which were fashioned intoa longer Akkadian epic.The most complete version existing today is preserved on 12 clay tablets from the library collection of 7th-centuryAssyrian king Ashurbanipal. The Epic of Gilgamesh was discovered by Hormuzd Rassam in 1853 and is widelyknown today.

1900 B.C.E Hittites Old Kingdom in Anatolia.

1896 B.C.E Birth of Isaac to Abraham and Sarah.

Father of Judaism.*Per Ussher

1867 B.C.E Babylon was an Akkadian city-state (founded by an Amorite dynasty) of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of whichare found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad.

Babylon, along with Assyria to the north, was one of the two Akkadian nations that evolved after the collapse of theAkkadian Empire, although it was rarely ruled by native Akkadians.

1800 B.C.E Civilization in Canaan. App. Date of Atra-Khasis, Enuma Elish, and Eridu Genesis.

1,800 B.C.E.-1,600 B.C.E.: Horse and sun chariot, from Trundholm Sun Chariot, Zealand, Denmark, was made. It isnow at the National Museum, Copenhagen.

1800 B.C.E The historic Nineveh is mentioned about 1,800 B.C.E. as a centre of worship of Ishtar, whose cult was responsiblefor the city's early importance. Nineveh became one of Mitanni's vassals for nearly a century until

the Assyrian king Ashur-uballit I reclaimed it in 1,365 B.C.E. while overthrowing the Mittani Empire. The goddessIshtar's statue was sent to Pharaoh Amenhotep III of Egypt in the 14th century by orders of the king of Mitanni.

1792 B.C.E Hammurapi the Great (1792-1750) took Uruk and Isin soon after his accession to the throne. For over 20 years, heconcentrated on building and irrigation projects, organized a centralized administration, and issued the famous "LawCode of Hammurapi".

1700 B.C.E 1,700 B.C.E.-1,300 B.C.E.: Palace complex in Knossos, Crete, was built. Woman or Goddess with snakes, from thepalace complex, Second Palace period, Knossos, Crete, is made. Pendant of gold bees or wasps, from Chryssolakkosnear Mallia, Crete, is made.

They are now at Heraklion Archaeological Museum, Iraklion, Crete.

1650 B.C.E 1,650 B.C.E.-1,450 B.C.E.: Harvester Vase, from Hagia Triada, Crete, is made. Second Palace period. It is now atHeraklion Archaeological Museum, Iraklion, Crete.

1,627-1,600 B.C.E.: The "Minoan Eruption of Thera", also referred to as the Thera eruption or Santorini eruption,was one of the largest volcanic events on Earth in recorded history. It devastated Thera (Santorini) and the Minoansettlement at Akrotiri.



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1650 B.C.E Atra-Khasis Babylonian Version.

1600 B.C.E 1,600 B.C.E.-1,360 B.C.E.: Egyptian domination over Canaan and Syria.

1600 B.C.E Mycenaean Greece (1,600 B.C.1,100 B.C.) is a cultural period of Bronze Age Greece taking its name from thearchaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis, in the Peloponnese of southern Greece.

Athens, Pylos, Thebes, and Tiryns are also important Mycenaean sites. The last phase of the Bronze Age in AncientGreece, it is the historical setting of much ancient Greek literature and myth, including the epics of Homer.

1571 B.C.E Birth of Moses.

1520 B.C.E Egypt conquers Nubia, beginning of Egyptian domination of Nubia.

1491 B.C.E God appeared to Moses in a burning bush that was not consumed with fire, while he was keeping his father-in-lawJethro's sheep in the mountain of Horeb.

*per Ussher

1491 B.C.E The Exodus from Egypt per Ussher.Cff. Egyptian expulsion of the HyksosBy the Fifteenth dynasty, they ruled lower Egypt, and at the end of the Seventeenth dynasty, they were expelled.

The Hyksos first appeared in Egypt during the Eleventh dynasty, began their climb to power in the Thirteenthdynasty, and came out of the second intermediate period in control of Avaris and the Delta.

1400 B.C.E 'Walls of Jericho'-1930-36 John Garstang, at the suggestion of William F. Albright, the doyen of Palestinianarchaeology at the time, discovered the remains of a network of collapsed walls which he dated to the time hebelieved the Israelites

were on their conquest, that had apparently fallen in a dramatic fashion as opposed to being ruined by abandonmentor decay from natural forces. Garstang's work thus reversed the conclusions of the earlier diggings.

1300 B.C.E No original manuscripts are known to exist...only copies of copies and via the many translations, many errors haveinvariably crept in. Written some 3300 years ago (1300 B.C.-100 A.D.), the Bible continues to be, by far, the mostpopular of books.*per the Mainstream



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1300 B.C.E Trojan Horse/War 1300-950 B.C.E. (1,184 B.C.E. Traditional Date)

1292 B.C.E 1292-1225 B.C.E.The Construction of Pithom, Store City of Ramses II.and there are neither men to make bricks nor straw.

*per The Center for Online Judaic Studieshttp://cojs.org/

1274 B.C.E The Battle of Kadesh in Syria between the Egyptians and Hittites.

1269 B.C.E Ramses II, pharaoh of ancient Egypt, and Hattusilis III, king of the Hittites, sign the earliest known peace treaty.

1208 B.C.E Merneptah Stele-also known as the Israel Stele or Victory Stele of Merneptah-is an inscription by the AncientEgyptian king Merneptah (reign:1213 to 1203 B.C.), which appears on the reverse side of a granite stele erected bythe king Amenhotep III.

"Canaan is captive with all woe. Ashkelon is conquered, Gezer seized, Yanoam made nonexistent; Israel is wasted,bare of seed."*It was discovered by Flinders Petrie in 1896 at Thebes.

1200 B.C.E 'Beginnings' of Judaism.

200 A.D.- Rabbi Judah haNasi (Judah the Prince) wrote the Mishna.500 A.D.- Ravina I&II and Rav Ashi compile Babylonian Talmud.

1200 B.C.E The Greek Dark Age or Ages (1,200 B.C.750 B.C.) are terms which have regularly been used to refer to the periodof Greek history from the presumed Dorian invasion and end of the Mycenaean Palatial civilization around 1,200B.C., to the first signs of the

Greek city-states in the 9th century B.C.. The archaeological evidence shows a widespread collapse of Bronze Agecivilization in the eastern Mediterranean world at the outset of the period.

1011 B.C.E 1011-931 B.C.E {Reign: 971-931}Shelomoh ben David 'King Solomon'Third king of the United Monarchy, and the final king before the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern

The Hebrew Bible credits Solomon as the builder of the First Temple in Jerusalem, and in the Qur'an, he is a Prophet,known as Sulaiman. Solomon had seven hundred wives and three hundred concubines. The only wife that ismentioned by name is Naamah.

1000 B.C.E Hiram Abif is born about this time. The exact date is unknown.



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1000 B.C.E Mound Builders in Illinois.

930 B.C.E On Solomon's death, the ten northern tribes split off to form the Kingdom of Israel. Under the leadership of the Houseof David and Solomon, Jerusalem remained the capital of the Kingdom of Judah.

896 B.C.E Elijah, in company with Elisha , approaches the Jordan. He rolls up his mantle and strikes the water (2 Kings 2:8). hewater immediately divides and Elijah and Elisha cross on dry land.

Suddenly, a chariot of fire and horses of fire appear and Elijah is lifted up to heaven in a whirlwind. As Elijah islifted up, his mantle falls to the ground and Elisha picks it up.

753 B.C.E

4

Founding of Rome per "The Roman Ab Urbe Condita" - Latin for 'From The Founding Of The City (Rome)'

21

750 B.C.E The Archaic period in Greece (800 B.C.480 B.C.) was a period of ancient Greek history that followed the GreekDark Ages. The termini of the Archaic period are defined as the "structural revolution", meaning a sudden upsurge ofpopulation &

material goods that occurred 750 B.C., and the "intellectual revolution" of classical Greece. The end of archaism isconventionally marked by Xerxes' invasion of Greece in 480 B.C..

722 B.C.E When the Assyrians conquered the Kingdom of Israel in 722 B.C.E., Jerusalem was strengthened by a great influx ofrefugees from the northern kingdom.

669 B.C.E The library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (669-626 BC) contain the first glassmaking "manual". Britisharchaeologists, headed by Austen Henry Layard, found about 20,000 clay tablets beginning in 1849.

The tablets were shipped to the British Museum, where they lay for close to 50 years before Assyriologists were ableto decipher them.

631 B.C.E End of the Assyrian Empire.

623 B.C.E Siddhrtha Gautama Buddha (623 or 563-543 or 483 (aged 80))*501?

Founder of Buddhism.



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621 B.C.E Draco's code of law is introduced.

600 B.C.E Cyrus II of Persia (600 B.C. or 576 B.C.530 B.C.), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, also known as Cyrus theElder, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilizedstates of the ancient Near East.The Achaemenid Empire (Old Persian Haxmanishiya) (550330 B.C.E.), known as the first Persian Empire was the

successor state of the Median Empire.

600 B.C.E Iron making around Great Lakes region.

Rise of Paracas culture (Peru).

600 B.C.E Silver Scroll Amulets from Ketef Hinnom.In Numbers 6:2227, the priests are instructed to bless the people of Israel with a three-part blessing known as the

Priestly Blessing (or Priestly Benediction).

The words of this blessing appear on two small, silver amulets discovered in the Hinnom Valley south of JerusalemsOld City. In 1979, Israeli archaeologist Gabriel Barkay discovered the silver amulets in a burial chamber.

588 B.C.E Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon and the beginning of the Babylonian Captivity per Ussher.

587 B.C.E King Solomon's Temple is destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon.

586 B.C.E Babylonians conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and laid waste to Solomon's Temple. In 538, after 50 years ofBabylonian captivity, Persian King Cyrus the Great invited the Jews to return to Judah to rebuild the Temple.

Construction of the Second Temple was completed in 516, during the reign of Darius the Great, 70 years after thedestruction of the First Temple.

582 B.C.E Pythagoras is born.

551 B.C.E9

Confucius or 'Kng Qi' (551-479 B.C. (Aged 71-72))28

Founder of Confucianism.



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550 B.C.E Ahura Mazda first appeared in the Achaemenid period (550330 B.C.E.) under Darius I's Behistun Inscription. UntilArtaxerxes II (405-04 to 359-58 B.C.E.), Ahura Mazda was worshiped and invoked alone.

With Artaxerxes II, Ahura Mazda was invoked in a triad, with Mithra and Apam Napat. Avestan name for a divinityof the Old Iranian religion who was proclaimed the uncreated God by Zoroaster, the founder of Zoroastrianism.

505 B.C.E "The Republic" was founded in 505 [509], according to tradition, when the last king, Tarquinius Superbus, wasexpelled by a revolt of native Roman aristocrats led by L. Junius Brutus.

The dominant tradition states that the Republic was led from the beginning by two annual, eponymous officialscalled consuls, but some scholars think that until 363 [367] they were known as praetors (the latter then became thesecond tier of officials).

500 B.C.E Burial Mounds in Illinois.

500 B.C.E The Greek Classical period (500-323 B.C.) is characterised by a style which was considered by later observers to beexemplary (i.e. 'classical')for instance the Parthenon. Politically, the Classical Period was dominated by Athens and

the Delian League during the 5th century, displaced by Spartan hegemony during the early 4th century, before powershifted to Thebes and the Boeotian League and finally to the League of Corinth led by Macedon.

469 B.C.E 469-399 B.C.: Socrates, Plato's Mentor.

445 B.C.E King Artaxerxes I of Persia issued a decree allowing the city and the walls to be rebuilt. Jerusalem resumed its role ascapital of Judah and center of Jewish worship.

430 B.C.E The Plague of Athens was a devastating epidemic which hit the city-state of Athens in ancient Greece during thesecond year of the Peloponnesian War (430 BC), when an Athenian victory still seemed within reach.

It is believed to have entered Athens through Piraeus, the city's port and sole source of food and supplies. The plaguereturned twice more, in 429 BC and in the winter of 427/6 BC.

427 B.C.E 427-347 B.C.: Plato, Aristotle's Teacher.

400 B.C.E Axum or Aksum is a city in northern Ethiopia which was the original capital of the eponymous kingdom of Axum.The kingdom was also arbitrarily identified as Abyssinia, Ethiopia, and India in medieval writings.

The Ethiopian Orthodox Church claims that the Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion in Aksum houses the Biblical Arkof the Covenant in which lie the Tablets of Law upon which the Ten Commandments are inscribed.



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384 B.C.E 384-322 B.C.: Aristotle, Student of Plato, Teacher of Alexander the Great.

Aristotle was the philosopher of logic; taught zoology.

356 B.C.E

7

Birth of Alexander the Great. Reign 336-323 B.C.E.

20

329 B.C.E Alexander the Great records two silver shields, spitting fire around the rims in the sky that dived repeatedly at hisarmy as they were attempting a river crossing.

The action so panicked his elephants, horses, and men they had to abandon the river crossing until the following day.

323 B.C.E The Hellenistic period (323-146 B.C.) is when Greek culture and power expanded into the near and middle east. Thisperiod begins with the death of Alexander and ends with the Roman conquest.

320 B.C.E The Chinese astronomer Wu Xian publishes a list of 1464 stars in 284 constellations. Shortly after this, the firstcelestial globe is cast by Qian Luozhi.

300 B.C.E The Age of Euclid - the Greek mathematician and geometrician who founded a school at Alexandria.

290 B.C.E Emperor Diocletian executes the stonemasons Claudius, Castorius, Sempornians, Nicostratus, and Simplicius (anapprentice) for refusing to carve a statue to the pagan god Aesculapius.

Several years later he also executes the operative stonemasons Severus, Severianus, Carpophorus, and Victorius forrefusing to pay homage to the same pagan god. These four become the "Four Crowned Martyrs" - patron Saints of theOperative Craft.

283 B.C.E Pharaoh, Ptolomy II Soter, founded the Museum or Royal Library of Alexandria in 283 BC. The Museum was ashrine of the Muses modeled after the Lyceum of Aristotle in Athens.

280 B.C.E Septuagint Written by 72 Jews in Alexandria, Egypt.



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221 B.C.E Following the advice of minister Li Si, Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the burning of all philosophy books andhistory books from states other than Qin.

This was followed by the live burial of a large number of intellectuals who did not comply with the state dogma.Several other large book burnings also occurred in Chinese history.

214 B.C.E The Siege of Syracuse by the Roman Republic took place in 214-212 BC, at the end of which the Magna GraeciaHellenistic city of Syracuse, located on the east coast of Sicily, fell.

During the siege, the city was protected by weapons developed by Archimedes the great inventor and polymath.

200 B.C.E The Ajanta Caves , Maharashtra, India are 29 rock-cut cave monuments which date from the 2nd century. The cavesinclude paintings and sculptures considered to be masterpieces of both Buddhist religious art (which depict theJataka tales)as well as frescos which are reminiscent of the Sigiriya paintings in Sri Lanka. The first sanctuaries were built duringthe Satavahana dynasty in the canyons of the Waghora River.

168 B.C.E The Seleucid monarch Antiochus IV ordered Jewish 'Books of the Law' found in Jerusalem to be 'rent in pieces' andburned - part of the series of persecutions which precipitated the revolt of the Maccabees.

152 B.C.E With the successful Maccabean revolt of Mattathias the High Priest and his five sons, against Antiochus Epiphanesin 168 B.C.E., establish the Hasmonean Kingdom with Jerusalem again as its capital.

In 63 B.C.E., Pompey the Great intervened in a Hasmonean struggle for the throne and captured Jerusalem,incorporating Judea into the Roman Republic.

150 B.C.E 150 B.C.-70 A.D.: Dead Sea Scrolls Written.

63 B.C.E Pompey the Great intervened in a Hasmonean struggle for the throne and captured Jerusalem, incorporating Judeainto the Roman Republic. As Rome became stronger it installed Herod as a Jewish client king.

Herod the Great, as he was known, devoted himself to developing and beautifying the city. He built walls, towers andpalaces, and expanded the Temple Mount, buttressing the courtyard with blocks of stone weighing up to 100 tons.

17 B.C.E Virgil died and in his will ordered that his masterpiece, the Aeneid, be burned, as it was a draft and not a finalversion. However, his friends disobeyed him and released the epic poem after editing it themselves.

5 B.C.E Jesus of Nazareth (5 B.C.-30 A.D.); Pontius Pilate allowed his crucifixion by the avid request of orthodox Jews.

He rose 3 days later. Founder of the Christian Faith.



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6 C.E. Shortly after Herod's death, Judea came under direct Roman rule as the Iudaea Province, although Herod'sdescendants through Agrippa II remained client kings of neighbouring territories until 96 C.E..

Roman rule over Jerusalem and the region began to be challenged with the First JewishRoman War, which resulted

in the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 C.E..

25 C.E. Senator Aulus Cremutius Cordus was forced to commit suicide and his History was burned by the aediles, under theorder of the senate. Praise of Brutus and Cassius, who had assassinated Julius Caesar, was considered an offenceunder the lex majestatisA copy of the book was saved by Cordus' daughter Marcia, and it was published again under Caligula. However, onlya few fragments survived to the present.

32 C.E. St. Peter (32-67)1st Pope

67 C.E. St. Linus (67-76)2nd Pope

70 C.E. Roman rule over Jerusalem and the region began to be challenged with the First JewishRoman War, which resultedin the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 C.E..

Jerusalem once again served as the capital of Judea during the three-year rebellion known as the Bar Kokhba revolt,beginning in 132 C.E.. The Romans succeeded in suppressing the revolt in 135 C.E..

70 C.E.

5

Josephus, from "Jewish War" Book CXI, "On the 21st of May a demonic phantom of incredible size...for beforesunset there appeared in the air over the whole country chariots and armed troops coursing through the clouds andsurrounding the cities."21

76 C.E. St. Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88)3rd Pope

88 C.E. St. Clement I (88-97)4th Pope

97 C.E. St. Evaristus (97-105)5th Pope



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105 C.E. St. Alexander I (105-115)6th Pope

115 C.E. St. Sixtus I (115-125)7th Pope

Also called Xystus I

122 C.E. Hadrian's Wall ("Aelian Wall") was a defensive fortification in Roman Britain. The wall was the most heavilyfortified border in the Empire. Hadrian's Wall was 80 Roman miles (73 statute miles or 120 km) long & 1620 ft

high.It was the first of two fortifications built across Great Britain, the second being the Antonine Wall, lesser known ofthe two because its physical remains are less evident today.

125 C.E. St. Telesphorus (125-136)8th Pope

136 C.E. St. Hyginus (136-140)9th Pope

140 C.E. St. Pius I (140-155)10th Pope

142 C.E. Saltpeter was first recorded to be known to the Chinese, there is strong evidence of the use of saltpeter and sulfur invarious largely medicinal combinations. A Chinese alchemical text dated 492 noted saltpetre burnt with a purpleflame.

The first mention of a mixture resembling gunpowder appeared in Taishang Guaizu Danjing Mijue by Qing Xuzi (c.808); it describes mixing six parts sulfur to six parts saltpeter to one part birthwort herb (which would providecarbon).

142 C.E. The Antonine Wall is a stone and turf fortification built by the Romans across what is now the Central Belt ofScotland, between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde. The barrier was the second of two "great walls" createdby the Romans in Caledonia.

It spanned approximately 39 miles (63 km) and was about ten feet (3 m) high and fifteen feet (5 m) wide. Its ruins areless evident than the better known Hadrian's Wall to the south.

155 C.E. St. Anicetus (155-166)11th Pope



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166 C.E. St. Soter (166-175)12th Pope

175 C.E. St. Eleutherius (175-189)13th Pope

189 C.E. St. Victor I (189-199)14th Pope

199 C.E. St. Zephyrinus (199-217)15th Pope

200 C.E. Rabbi Judah haNasi (Judah the Prince) wrote the Mishna.

217 C.E. Hippolytus (?), III century1st AntiPope

A false claimant of the Holy See in opposition to a pontiff canonically elected. Hergenrther enumerates thirty.

217 C.E. St. Callistus I (217-22)16th Pope

Callistus and the following three popes were opposed by St. Hippolytus, AntiPope (217-236)

222 C.E. St. Urban I (222-30)17th Pope

230 C.E. St. Pontain (230-35)18th Pope



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235 C.E. St. Anterus (235-36)19th Pope

236 C.E. St. Fabian (236-50)20th Pope

251 C.E. Novatian, 2512nd AntiPope

251 C.E. St. Cornelius (251-53)21st Pope

Opposed by Novatian, AntiPope (251)

253 C.E. St. Lucius I (253-54)22nd Pope

254 C.E. St. Stephen I (254-257)23rd Pope

257 C.E. St. Sixtus II (257-258)24th Pope

260 C.E. St. Dionysius (260-268)25th Pope

269 C.E. St. Felix I (269-274)26th Pope



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275 C.E. St. Eutychian (275-283)27th Pope

283 C.E. St. Caius (283-296)28th Pope

Also called Gaius

296 C.E. St. Marcellinus (296-304)29th Pope

301 C.E. 301-400 A.D. - Codex Sinaiticus (Christian)

Codex Sinaiticus is generally dated to the fourth century, and sometimes more precisely to the middle of that century.This is based on study of the handwriting, known as paleographical analysis.

303 C.E. Christian books are ordered burned by a decree of emperor Diocletian, calling for an increased persecution ofChristians. In religious paintings, Saint Vincent is often depicted holding a book whose preservation he preferred tohis own life.

At that time, the governor of Valencia offered the deacon who whould become known as Saint Vincent of Saragossato have his life spared in exchange for his consigning Scripture to the fire. Vincent refused and let himself beexecuted instead.

308 C.E. St. Marcellus I (308-309)30th Pope

309 C.E. St. Eusebius (309 or 310)31st Pope

311 C.E. St. Miltiades (311-14)32nd Pope

312 C.E. Constantine and his army all beheld in the heavens a luminous cross...He claimed to have been shown a cross on theSun as a sign from Christ that he would triumph over Maxentius.



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314 C.E. St. Sylvester I (314-35)33rd Pope

325 C.E. 325-350 A.D. - Codex Vaticanus. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library where it has beenstored since the 15th century.

It is written on 759 leaves of vellum in uncial letters, and has been dated paleographical to the 4th century.

325 C.E. The books of Arius and his followers, after the first Council of Nicaea, were burned for heresy. Arius was exiled andpresumably assassinated following this, and Arian books continued to be regularly burned into the 330's.

336 C.E. St. Marcus (336)34th Pope

337 C.E. St. Julius I (337-52)35th Pope

350 C.E. Discovery of America - Phoenicians

352 C.E. Liberius (352-66)36th Pope

Opposed by Felix II, AntiPope (355-365)

355 C.E. Felix II, 355-3653rd AntiPope

364 C.E. Council of Laodicea.

Creation of Modern Bible.



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364 C.E. The Christian Emperor Jovian ordered the entire Library of Antioch to be burnt. It had been heavily stocked by theaid of his non-Christian predecessor, Emperor Julian.

365 C.E.

7

8.5+ Crete Quake. An undersea earthquake that occurred at about sunrise in the Eastern Mediterranean, with anassumed epicentre near Crete. In Crete, nearly all towns were destroyed.21

The Crete earthquake was followed by a tsunami which devastated the southern and eastern coasts of theMediterranean, particularly Libya, Alexandria and the Nile Delta, killing thousands and hurling ships 3 km (1.9 mi)inland.

366 C.E. St. Damasus I (366-83)37th Pope

Opposed by Ursicinus, AntiPope (366-367)

366 C.E. Ursicinus, 366-3674th AntiPope

367 C.E. Elaine Pagels claims that, Athanasius ordered monks in the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria in his role asbishop of Alexandria to destroy all "unacceptable writings" in Egypt, the list of writings to be saved constituting theNew Testament.

380 C.E.

2

Emperor Theodosius declared Catholic Christianity the state religion of Rome.

27

Since that time, the Roman Catholic Church has been the confessors, hearers of death-bed confessions, and receiversof countless untold fortunes through both donations and 'other' procurement.

384 C.E. St. Siricius (384-99)38th Pope

385 C.E. The theologian Priscillian of vila became the first Christian to be executed by fellow-Christians as a heretic. Some(though not all) of his writings were condemned as heretical and burned.

For many centuries they were considered irreversibly lost, but surviving copies were discovered in the 19th century.

392 C.E. The library of the Serapeum in Alexandria was trashed, burned and looted, at the decree of Theophilus of Alexandria,who was ordered so by Theodosius I. Around the same time, Hypatia was murdered. One of the largest destructionsof books occurred at theLibrary of Alexandria, traditionally held to be in 640; however, the precise years are unknown as are whether the fireswere intentional or accidental.



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399 C.E. St. Anastasius I (399-401)39th Pope

400 C.E. Egypt: Panodorus, an Egyptian monk wrote: "From the creation of Adam, indeed down to Enoch and to the generalCosmic Year 1,282, the number of days was known in neither month nor year but the Egregori ('watchers' or 'angels')descended to Earthin the general Cosmicm Year 1,000, held converse with men and taught them that the orbits of the two luminariesbeing marked by the 12 signs of the Zodiac are composed of 360 parts."

401 C.E. St. Innocent I (401-17)40th Pope

417 C.E. St. Zosimus (417-18)41st Pope

418 C.E. Eulalius, 418-4195th AntiPope

418 C.E. St. Boniface I (418-22)42nd Pope

Opposed by Eulalius, AntiPope (418-419)

422 C.E. St. Celestine I (422-32)43rd Pope

432 C.E. St. Sixtus III (432-40)44th Pope

440 C.E. St. Leo I (the Great) (440-61)45th Pope



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461 C.E. St. Hilarius (461-68)46th Pope

468 C.E. St. Simplicius (468-83)47th Pope

483 C.E. St. Felix III (II) (483-92)48th Pope

492 C.E. St. Gelasius I (492-96)49th Pope

496 C.E. Anastasius II (496-98)50th Pope

498 C.E. Laurentius, 498-5016th AntiPope

498 C.E. St. Symmachus (498-514)51st Pope

Opposed by Laurentius, AntiPope (498-501)

500 C.E. Ravina I&II and Rav Ashi compile Babylonian Talmud.

514 C.E. St. Hormisdas (514-23)52nd Pope



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523 C.E. St. John I (523-26)53rd Pope

525 C.E. Devised in 525 A.D., the use of B.C.-A.D. did not become widely used until 800 A.D.. The Anno Domini datingsystem was devised in 525 by Dionysius Exiguus, who used it to compute the date of the Christian Easter festival.

He did not use it to date any historical event.

526 C.E. St. Felix IV (III) (526-30)54th Pope

530 C.E. Boniface II (530-32)55th Pope

Opposed by Dioscorus, AntiPope (530)

533 C.E. John II (533-35)56th Pope

535 C.E. St. Agapetus I (535-36)57th Pope

Also called Agapitus I

536 C.E. St. Silverius (536-37)58th Pope

537 C.E. Vigilius (537-55)59th Pope

541 C.E. The Plague of Justinian was a pandemic that afflicted the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire), including itscapital Constantinople, in 541542 AD.

It was one of the greatest plagues in history. The most commonly accepted cause of the pandemic is bubonic plague



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556 C.E. Pelagius I (556-61)60th Pope

561 C.E. John III (561-74)61st Pope

565 C.E. The first recorded Loch Ness Monster sighting was by St Columba in 565 AD. Originally an Irish monk, St Columbahad travelled to Scotland to preach Christianity when he was called upon to save swimmers in the River Ness from aterrible creature.He commanded the beast to return whence it had come and for many, many years no more was seen or heard of it. Infact St Columba is reputed to have seen the monster a second time, this time in the shape of a water "kelpie",although not much is reported.

570 C.E. Mohammed was born in Mecca, Arabia about 570 A.D. into a respectable tribe. (ca. 570/571 June 8, 632) Muslimsdo not view Muhammad as the creator of Islam, but instead regard him as the last messenger of God, through whichthe Qur'an was revealed.

Muslims view Muhammad as the restorer of the original, uncorrupted monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses,Jesus, and other prophets. He had his first vision in 610 and conquered Mecca in 692.

575 C.E. Benedict I (575-79)62nd Pope

579 C.E. Pelagius II (579-90)63rd Pope

590 C.E. St. Gregory I (the Great) (590-604)64th Pope

604 C.E. Sabinian (604-606)65th Pope

607 C.E. Boniface III (607)66th Pope



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608 C.E. St. Boniface IV (608-15)67th Pope

615 C.E. St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) (615-18)68th Pope

619 C.E. Boniface V (619-25)69th Pope

625 C.E. Honorius I (625-38)70th Pope

640 C.E. John IV (640-42)72nd Pope

640 C.E. Severinus (640)71st Pope

642 C.E. Theodore I (642-49)73rd Pope

649 C.E. St. Martin I (649-55)74th Pope

650 C.E. Uthman ibn 'Affan, the third Caliph of Islam after Muhammad, who is credited with overseeing the collection of theverses of the Qur'an, ordered the destruction of any other remaining text containing alternate verses.

Sometime between 650-56, a committee appointed by Uthman is believed to have produced a singular version inseven copies, and Uthman is said to have "sent to every Muslim province one copy and ordered any other Qur'anicmaterials be burnt".



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655 C.E. St. Eugene I (655-57)75th Pope

657 C.E. St. Vitalian (657-72)76th Pope

672 C.E. Adeodatus (II) (672-76)77th Pope

676 C.E. Donus (676-78)78th Pope

678 C.E. St. Agatho (678-81)79th Pope

682 C.E. St. Leo II (682-83)80th Pope

684 C.E. St. Benedict II (684-85)81st Pope

685 C.E. John V (685-86)82nd Pope

686 C.E. Conon (686-87)83rd Pope



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687 C.E. St. Sergius I (687-701)84th Pope

Opposed by Theodore and Paschal, AntiPopes (687)

691 C.E. The Dome of the Rock is a shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. The structure has beenrefurbished many times since its initial completion at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik.

The site's significance stems from religious traditions regarding the rock, known as the Foundation Stone, at its heart.Built to house the Muslims from cold and heat; intended to serve as a shrine and not as a mosque for public

worship".

701 C.E. John VI (701-05)85th Pope

705 C.E. John VII (705-07)86th Pope

708 C.E. Constantine (708-15)88th Pope

708 C.E. Sisinnius (708)87th Pope

715 C.E. St. Gregory II (715-31)89th Pope

731 C.E. St. Gregory III (731-41)90th Pope

741 C.E. St. Zachary (741-52)91st Pope



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752 C.E. Stephen II (752)92nd Pope

Because he died before being consecrated, many authoritative lists omit him.

752 C.E. Stephen III (752-57)93rd Pope

757 C.E. St. Paul I (757-67)94th Pope

767 C.E. Constantine II, 7677th AntiPope

767 C.E. Stephen IV (767-72)95th Pope

Opposed by Constantine II (767) and Philip (768), AntiPopes (767)

768 C.E. Philip, VIII century8th AntiPope

772 C.E. Adrian I (772-95)96th Pope

775 C.E. Theodora's ventures to America

Archaeo-petrography. Cross of Loraine.

793 C.E. Viking raid on monastary at Lindisfarne in the English kingdom of Northumbria.



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795 C.E. St. Leo III (795-816)97th Pope

800 C.E. Ohthere from Hlogaland travels to Bjarmaland and tells of a city by a river and the White Sea with many buildings;this was likely Arkhangelsk. According to Snorri Sturluson there was a Viking raid on this area in 1027, led by ToreHund.Ohthere of Hlogaland was a Viking adventurer from Hlogaland who travelled to England in 890, where Alfred theGreat, king of Wessex, had his tales written down.

816 C.E. Stephen V (816-17)98th Pope

817 C.E. St. Paschal I (817-24)99th Pope

824 C.E. Eugene II (824-27)100th Pope

827 C.E. Gregory IV (827-44)102nd Pope

827 C.E. Valentine (827)101st Pope

836 C.E. Twenty-five ship loads of Vikings attack the English Kingdom of Wessex.

844 C.E. Sergius II (844-47)103rd Pope

Opposed by John, AntiPope (855)



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845 C.E. 100 Viking ships sail up the Seine River to Paris.

847 C.E. St. Leo IV (847-55)104th Pope

855 C.E. Anastasius, 8559th AntiPope

855 C.E. Benedict III (855-58)105th Pope

Opposed by Anastasius, AntiPope (855)

858 C.E. St. Nicholas I (the Great) (858-67)106th Pope

860 C.E. Settlement of Iceland begins.

867 C.E. Adrian II (867-72)107th Pope

872 C.E. John VIII (872-82)108th Pope

882 C.E. Marinus I (882-84)109th Pope



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884 C.E. St. Adrian III (884-85)110th Pope

885 C.E. Stephen VI (885-91)11th Pope

891 C.E. Formosus (891-96)112th Pope

895 C.E. John XV (985-96)138th Pope

896 C.E. Boniface VI (896)113th Pope

896 C.E. Romanus (897)115th Pope

896 C.E. Stephen VII (896-97)114th pope

897 C.E. Theodore II (897)116th Pope

898 C.E. John IX (898-900)117th Pope



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900 C.E. Benedict IV (900-03)118th Pope

903 C.E. Leo V (903)119th Pope

Opposed by Christopher, AntiPope (903-904)

904 C.E. Sergius III (904-11)120th Pope

911 C.E. Anastasius III (911-13)121st Pope

913 C.E. Lando (913-14)122nd Pope

914 C.E. John X (914-28)123rd Pope

926 C.E. Prince Edwin, son of King Athelstan, calls and presides over a meeting of Masons at York.

928 C.E. Leo VI (928)124th Pope

929 C.E. Stephen VIII (929-31)125th Pope



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930 C.E. Aleppo Codex (Hebrew)

930 C.E. Icelanders establish a national assembly, the Althing.

931 C.E. John XI (931-35)126th Pope

936 C.E. Leo VII (936-39)127th Pope

939 C.E. Stephen IX (939-42)128th Pope

941 C.E. 941, 944 A.D. - Rus raids on Constantinople.

942 C.E. Marinus II (942-46)129th Pope

946 C.E. Agapetus II (946-55)130th Pope

955 C.E. John XII (955-63)131st Pope



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956 C.E. Leo VIII, 956-96310th AntiPope

963 C.E. Leo VIII (963-64)132nd Pope

964 C.E. Benedict V (964)133rd Pope

965 C.E. John XIII (965-72)134th Pope

973 C.E. Benedict VI (973-74)135th Pope

974 C.E. Benedict VII (974-83)136th Pope

Benedict and John XIV were opposed by Boniface VII, AntiPope (974; 984-985)

974 C.E. Boniface VII, 97411th AntiPope

983 C.E. John XIV (983-84)137th Pope

986 C.E. Erik the Red leads the settlement of Greenland.



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996 C.E. Gregory V (996-99)139th Pope

Opposed by John XVI, AntiPope (997-998)

997 C.E. John XVI, X century12th AntiPope

999 C.E. Sylvester II (999-1003)140th Pope

1001 C.E. 'Discovery' of America - Leif Ericson (970-1020), son of Erik the Red* He founded two Norse colonies in Greenland& is regarded as the first European to land in North America nearly 500 years before Christopher Columbus.-"L'Anseaux Meadows in Vinland"

*Erik Thorvaldsen (950-1003) Remembered in medieval Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first Nordicsettlement in Greenland. The Icelandic tradition indicates that he was born in the Jren district of Rogaland, Norway.

1003 C.E. John XVII (1003)141st Pope

1003 C.E. John XVIII (1003-09)142nd Pope

1009 C.E. Sergius IV (1009-12)143rd Pope

1012 C.E. Benedict VIII (1012-24)144th Pope

Opposed by Gregory, AntiPope (1012)

1012 C.E. Gregory, 101213th AntiPope


8/8/2019 Hist

Documents

Historical Parallel Timeline 2