1 .

2.

3.

4.

F.

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’ Plantagenet Sommerset Fry, History of the World (London : The Doriing,

Kindersley I 9w), p. 10.

H I 101

P. 14.

P. 15.

HI 101 3

(&I : Ludwig F. Schaefer, Daniel P. Resnick, George L. Netterville III, The Shaping

of Western Civilization. Volume One (New York : Holt, Rinehart, 1970), p. 16.

3Edward Mcnall Burns, Western Civilizations (New York : W.W. Norton, 1963,) p. 5.

4 HI 101

6 HI 101

HI 101 7

8 HI 101

HI IO1

a1~6qwQwadinswi (9v&eianlua3)Y

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(&I : Edward Mcnall Burns, Western Civilizations)

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3. TiULmIObaW (Chancelade)(& : Edward Mcnall Burns,Western Civilizations)

HI IOI 1 3

1 4 HI 101

tll 101 15

(&I : Edward Mcnall Burns. Western Civilizations)

8 Shepard 6. Glough, The Rise and Fall of Civilization ( New York : Columbia

University Press, 1961), p. 26-30.

16, HI 101

’ I~a~rousse Hncyclopaedia of Ancient and Medieval History, P. 19-33.

lo Edward Hewitt, Ancient and Medieval History (New York : Selftaught Publications,

1962), p. l-3.

III 101 17

X3"63ttl

~,ooo,ooo B.C. % 5,000 B.C.

5,000 B.C. ds fl.fi. 500

Fl.Fl. 500 - RR. 1500

Fl.BI. 1500 - ¶TJ,gGu

fh&l

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50,000 - 1,000,000 &J1!&%

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a&J

50,000 - 100,000 i% 10,000

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18 HI 101

‘* Larousse Encylopaedia of Ancient and Medieval History, p. 16.

l3 Wallace F. Ferguson, A Survey of European Civilization, p. 3.

2 0 HI 101

1. Gmni-a-SU (Culture)

I4 Walter Wallbank, and the others, Civilization : Past and Present (Chicago :

Scott Foreman and Company, 1965), VT;1 4.

l5 E.B. Tylor, Primitive Culture (New York : Holt, 1889 ) p. 7.

HI IO1 2 1

1 6 Leslie White, The Science of Culture (New York : Grove Press. 1949).

p. 139-140.

22 HI 101

HI 101 23

24 HI 101

1 8William F. Ricketson and Jean C. Rcketson, O\ervira trf Western Civilization

(New York : University Press of America, 1984), p. 7.

1 9Plantagenet Somerset Fry, Answer Book of History (L.ondon : The Har?lyn

Publtshlng Group, 1972) p.16.

HI IOI 25

26 HI 101

*’ Edward Mcnall Burns, Western Civilizations, p. 20-24.

HI 101 27

28 HI 101

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HI 101 29

22 Anatole G. Mazour, Men and Nations. (New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich

1976), p. 52.

’ 30 HI 101

(1,750,ooo B.C. - 2,000 B.C. )

rIlzII*10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 2,000

HI IOI 31

32 HI 101

HI IO1 33

36 HI 101

3 8 HI 101

4 0

2 3 William F. Ricketson and Jean C. Ricketson Overview of Western Civilization, p. 5.

HI 101

41

42 HI 101

tii iOI

aaclu 1:1, 2:4, 3:2, 4:1, 5:2

43