Upload
charleen-mccoy
View
220
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Hittin’ the Road… We’re Montgomery-
Bound!!!
4th Grade Field Trip to
The State Capital
AlabamaWritten by Julia S. Tutwiler
Composed by Edna Gockel GussenAlabama, Alabama, We will
aye be true to thee,From thy Southern shores where
groweth,By the sea thy orange tree.To thy Northern vale where
floweth,Deep blue the Tennessee,
Alabama, Alabama, we will aye be true to thee!
Let’s Sing Our State SongOnly the first verse!
“Rules for the Road”• Remember, you are representing O.E.S.
– WE are O.E.S. and WE ARE THE BEST!!!
• Clean up any and all trash you have. • Be respectful to ALL adults on our trip.• Be respectful and kind to EACH other.• Listen when the tour guide speaks.• NO sitting on armrests or seatbacks.• NOTHING can go in the toilets except toilet paper.• Please don’t spill drinks.• NO leaving food in the seats, overhead storage
bins, or on the floor.• Only twist top bottles are allowed on the bus.• NO cheery or grape drinks – for us… only waters
on the bus!
Objectives & Outcomes
1. Learn Montgomery’s story.2. Peak your interest in history.3. Create an awareness of our state
history.4. Create memories together!!!
VOCABULARY TO KNOW
• Pavers – bricks without holes.• Segregated – separated.• Unconstitutional – against the Constitution of the
U.S. which is the highest law in America.• Boycott – refuse• Capitol – the building that houses the state
government offices. • Capital – the city where the capitol building is
located.
Introduction
• On a piece of paper, answer these questions about your Personal History.
1. Your full name is?2. Your present address is?3. How many people are in your family?4. In what city and state were you born?5. What is your teacher’s last name?
Can You Name Them?
Montgomery has 2 national landmarks.
Can you name them? Pay close attention as we go
through Montgomery!!!
Part OneA Little History of
Montgomery• Became a city on December 3, 1819.• Remember we became a state that same
year on December 14th. • Located on the Alabama River.• Two settlements called East Alabama and
New Philadelphia joined to become Montgomery.
• Montgomery is named after a Revolutionary War hero Richard Montgomery (he died during the Revolutionary War).
General Richard Montgomery
• The major cash crop was cotton.• Soil was rich and fertile (good for growing
things).• Alabama River provided transportation.• First steamboat in Montgomery was The
Harriet. She shipped cotton from Montgomery to Mobile then it was sent to England, France, and
northern states.• Montgomery is still home to
one of the largest cotton brokers in the world – Loeb & Comp.
Part OneA Little History of
Montgomery
Cotton Slide
Steamboat
• Andrew Dexter – founded New Philadelphia before it joined with East Alabama.
• Dexter gave part of his land for the state capital.
• He raised goats on this property and that is why some people call the grounds of the capital “goat hill.”
Part OneA Little History of
Montgomery
• Montgomery became state capital in 1846.• Was moved from Tuscaloosa to
Montgomery.• Our state capital is sometimes referred to
as “the capital on wheels” because there were four sites prior to Montgomery.– St. Stephens (while we were a territory)– Huntsville– Cahaba– Tuscaloosa
Part OneA Little History of
Montgomery
Part OneA Little History of Montgomery
Alabama’s capital has
been called the “Capital on
Wheels” because it moved 4
different times.
The move from Tuscaloosa to Montgomery
took 13 wagons to carry the 25,704
pounds of records that were being stored in the
archives at the time.
Alabama’s state
capitol building
is one of our 2national
landmarks.
• City of Montgomery built the capitol building for $75,000.
• Designed by Stephen D. Button• Finished being built in November 1847• Destroyed by a fire on December 14, 1849
– our state’s 40th birthday!!!• Additions to the building have been added
over the years.• Interesting fact: During one renovation, it
was discovered that the front stairs were held up by over 250,000 nails and 2 steel rods!
Part OneA Little History of
Montgomery
• 1861 – Alabama representatives voted to secede the Union.
• Alabama became the Republic of Alabama for 3 days.
• Montgomery was where 6 other southern states met with Alabama to form the Confederate States of America.
• Montgomery was the first capital of the Confederacy.
• The house that Jefferson Davis and his family lived in is called The First White House of the Confederacy.
Part TwoCivil War in Montgomery
• Jefferson Davis – President of the Confederacy.
• There is a gold star on the capitol steps that marks where he took his oath of office.
• Only lived in Montgomery for 4 months before he moved the capital to Richmond, VA.
Part TwoCivil War in Montgomery
Jefferson Davis being sworn in
• April 11, 1861 – Civil War began• A telegram was sent from the second
floor of this building giving General Beauregard orders to fire on Fort Sumter in South Carolina.
Part TwoCivil War in Montgomery
• April 11 and 12th of 1865– Montgomery citizens burned 85,000
bales of cotton so that northern (federal) troops didn’t get them.
• If it hadn’t been for the wind changing direction and the black fire department, Montgomery would have burned to the ground.
Part TwoCivil War in Montgomery
• April 12, 1865 – city of Montgomery surrendered to General Wilson and was placed under Federal Law.
• This took place from the balcony of the Teague House 3 days after General Lee surrendered to Grant (April 9, 1865).
• This was also 2 days before President Lincoln would be shot by John Wilkes Booth (April 14, 1865).
Part TwoCivil War in Montgomery
• This was a hard time for the South because of changes economically (money), socially, and environmentally.
• The south had been defeated.• Freed slaves were establishing
schools, churches, businesses, and building homes.
Part ThreeReconstruction in
Montgomery
• Josiah Morris – Had a bank in
Montgomery. – He financed businesses,
railroads, and industry in Montgomery.
– Bought 4,150 acres of land and divided it into plots and called it Birmingham.
– First steel hi-rise was in Montgomery. It was the First National Bank of Montgomery’s main office.
Part ThreeReconstruction in
Montgomery
• Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church– First built in 1879 on land
purchased for $270 and called Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.
– Completed in 1887.– Is now a national
landmark.– Originally made of wood.– When street was paved in
concrete, red pavers were used to brick their building.
Part ThreeReconstruction in
Montgomery
1880s in Montgomery:1. Court Street Fountain built in 1885.2. Train Shed & Station opened May 6,
1898 (it is now Montgomery’s Visitor Center) by L & N Railroad
3. 1881 – Telephone came to Montgomery.4. 1886 – First city in nation to go from a mule-drawn streetcar system electric-powered streetcars.
Part ThreeReconstruction in
Montgomery
• 1910 – Wilbur and Orville Wright taught men to fly airplanes in Montgomery.
Part ThreeReconstruction in
Montgomery
Wright Brother’sCivilian Flying School
in Montgomery
Orville Wright flying over a cotton fieldin Montgomery.
• Montgomery has played a major role in our nation’s aviation.• 1910:
– First Flying School established by the Wright Brothers at Maxwell Air Force Base near Montgomery.
– World War I (WWI) – U.S. entered WWI in 1917, military bases came to Montgomery.
• 1. Camp Sheridan – a place for infantry training. (A famous writer, F. Scott Fitzgerald, was stationed here and would meet and marry Zelda Sayre.)
• 2. Ardmont – a shop for repairing airplanes.• 3. Craig Field (Selma) and Tuskegee (Tuskegee) Field –
both trained airmen. Tuskegee trained the first African American fighter pilots.
• 4. Maxwell Air Force Base – home of the Air Forces’ Air War College.
• 5. Gunter Annex – major training for non-commissioned officers. Also here is the “Blockhouse” which has to do with radar missile defense system over the southeastern portion of the U.S.
• 6. Ft. Rucker – 80 miles south of Montgomery. Is a major helicopter training base for the U.S.
Part FourMontgomery Since 1910
• It has been said that there are 3 main events in American History;– American Revolution– Civil War– Civil Rights Movement
• You can see where 2 of the 3 began in Montgomery: The Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement.
• Montgomery is also known as the “Birthplace of Civil Rights.”
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
Bus Bombing that occurred in Anniston, Alabama during a Freedom Ride
• Montgomery had laws similar to many other southern cities that segregated blacks and whites.– One law forced blacks to sit in the back of the bus and if a white person
got on the bus, they had to give up their seat for that white person.• Rosa Parks stood up against this law in December of 1955 by
refusing to give up her seat to a white person. • Rosa Parks was arrested and taken to jail.• Blacks in Montgomery decided they would boycott the city buses. • Bus Boycott lasted 381 days (more than one year!).
– When it was over, the U.S. Supreme Court said the law was unfair and unconstitutional.
– They said that the law had to be done away with in Montgomery and other places.– The Supreme Court said that laws that take way a person’s basic civil rights as an American because of the color of their skin were unconstitutional.
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
• Martin Luther King, Jr. – Preacher at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.– Became leader of Montgomery Bus Boycott.– Became leader of the national Civil Rights
Movement.– President of the Montgomery Improvement
Association.– Wife was Coretta Scott King
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
• Other Leaders of the Civil Rights Movement:– Rev. Ralph Abernathy – preacher in Montgomery.– Mrs. Johnnie Carr – good friend of Mrs. Parks and was
president of the Montgomery Improvement Association from 1968 – 2008.
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
• Civil Rights Memorial– Located in Montgomery on Washington Street.– Honors more than 40 civil rights movement people that
died from 1955 – 1968.
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
• Freedom Riders– Came to Montgomery in 1961 to help with the civil rights
events that took place. – Beat up by an angry group of people just behind the
federal courthouse at the Greyhound Bus Station.
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
• Edmond Pettis Bridge – Selma– Federal Judge Frank Johnson said that marchers
could march to Montgomery as part of the Selma to Montgomery March.
– Selma to Montgomery March protested voters’ rights in March 1965.
– Bloodiest event of the Civil Rights Movement – also known as “Bloody Sunday.”
Part FiveMontgomery & the Civil Rights
Movement
The Le Moyne Brothers• Brought the camilla and azellia to Alabama from
France. • Jean-Baptiste and Pierre• Pierre had largest role in settlement of early
Alabama.• Jean-Baptiste helped his big brother Pierre with
his efforts is rediscovering and claiming the mouth of the Mississippi River for France.
Pierre (aka Iberville) Jean-Baptiste
(aka Bienville)
Let’s Revisit Our Objectives & Outcomes
Give me a thumbs up if we…• Learn Montgomery’s story.• Peak your interest in history.• Create an awareness of our state
history.• Create memories together!!!
Let’s Revisit Our Objectives & Outcomes
How did we accomplish each of these?• Learn Montgomery’s story.• Peak your interest in history.• Create an awareness of our state
history.• Create memories together!!!