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Class 7: Yin and Yang Tonics

Fayi Wu

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Herbs

Fructus Corni (Shanzhuyu) MM: pp 855-858

Radix Dioscoreae (Shanyao) MM: pp 723-726

Cortex Moutan radicis (Mudanpi) MM: pp 126-128

Fructus Lycii (Gouqizi) MM: pp 759-761

Flos Chrysanthemi (Juhua) MM: pp 58-61 Rhizoma Anemarrhena (Zhimu) MM: pp 92-95

Cortex Phellodendri (Huangbai) MM: pp 138-141

Tuber Ophiopogonis (Mai men dong) MM: pp 822-825

Fructus Schizandrae (Wu wei zi) MM: pp 858-862

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Shan zhu yu (Fructus Corni) Categories:Herbs that stabilize and bind

Taste and Property:sour, slightly warm Meridian tropism: Liver and kidney

Actions:augments the liver and kidneys, secures the primal qi,prevents abandonment

Applications: For leakage of fluids due to weak essence with such symptoms

as urinary frequency, incontinence, spermatorrhea, andexcessive sweating.

For excessive sweating, especially in cases of devastated yangand collapsed qi, as in shock. Also used when sweating wasmistakenly induced as a treatment.

For liver and kidney deficiency

For deficiency patterns of excessive uterine bleeding andprolonged menstruation

Dosage:6~12g

Attention:contraindicated in cases with urinary pain anddifficulty, or where there is damp-heat

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Shan Yao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae)

Categories:Herbs that tonify qi

Taste and Property:Sweet and neutral Meridian tropism:Spleen, lung and kidney

Actions:supplement qi, nourish yin, tonify the spleen, the lungand the kidney

Applications: Deficiency of the spleen qi marked by poor appetite and diarrhea

Cough or asthma due to lung deficiency

Kidney deficiency marked by emission, frequent urination andleukorrhea: This herb can both tonify the kidney and astringe Emission due to kidney deficiency:

Frequent urination due to kidney deficiency:

Leukorrhea: Diabetes: Used at a large dosage (250g/day), to be taken as tea

Dosage:10-30g, or up to 60-250g

Attention:This herb can not be used for patients with abdominalfullness due to dampness or retention of food

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Mu dan pi (Cortex Moutan radicis) Categories:Herbs that cool the blood

Taste and Property:acrid, bitter and slightly cold

Meridian tropism: Heart, liver and kidney

Actions:clears heat, cools the blood, invigorates blood andremoves blood stasis

Applications: For heat entering the blood level during a warm-heat pathogen

disease with nosebleed, blood in sputum or vomit orsubcutaneous bleeding,

For yin deficiency patterns such as steaming bone disorder

For liver blood stasis patterns with amenorrhea, abdominalmasses, lumps, or bruises due to traumatic injury

For liver fire, used with zhi zi, i.e. jia wei xiao yao san

Used topically for firm, non draining sores or internally forintestinal abscess

Dosage:6~12g

Attention:inappropriate for cold in the blood, or women who arepregnant or have excessive menstrual bleeding

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Zhi Mu (Radix Anemarrhenae)

Categories:Herbs that clear heat Taste and Property: Bitter, sweet and cold

Meridian Tropism: Lung, stomach and kidney

Actions: Clear heat and purge fire, nourish yin and moisten dryness

Applications Excessive heat of the lung and stomach in epidemic febrile diseases,

Cough due to lung heat or yin deficiency marked by thick phlegm Exuberance of fire due to yin deficiency marked by bone heat, tidal fever,

night sweating and restlessness

Diabetes due to yin deficiency, often used together with Tian Hua Fen andWu Wei Zi

Dosage:6-12g.

Contraindication: Being cold and moist, this herb is not suggested forloose stool due to spleen deficiency.

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Gou Qi Zi (Fructus Lycii) Categories:Herbs that tonify Yin

Taste and Property:Sweet and neutral

Meridian Tropism:Liver, Kidney and Lung

Actions:Nourish liver and kidney, improve vision, and moisten the lung

Applications:

Deficiency of the liver blood and the kidney yin. This herb is avery good herb for this condition

Cough due to yin deficiency, used with Zhi Mu, Mai Dong and BeiMu

Dosage:5-15g

Attention:Not suggested for patient with accumulation of dampness inthe middle jiao or with phlegm, retained water or fire.

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Huang bai (Cortex Phellodendri ) Categories:Herbs that clear heat and dry dampness

Taste and Property:bitter and cold

Meridian tropism: kidney, bladder and large intestine

Actions:clear heat, dry dampness, directs fire down, resolves toxin,clear deficiency heat

Applications: For damp-heat in the lower jiao: thick, yellow vaginal discharge, foul smelling

diarrhea, or dysenteric disorder, also for damp-heat pouring downward: redswollen, and painful knees, leg or feet.

For empty fire: steaming bone disorder, night sweats, afternoon fevers andsweating, nocturnal emissions and spermatorrhea

For fire toxin-generated sores and damp lesions of the skin

Dosage:3~12g

Attention:inappropriate for cold from deficiency in the spleen andstomach

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Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis, Radix )

Categories:Herbs that tonify yin

Taste and Property:Sweet, slightly bitter and cold

Meridian Tropism:Heart, lung, and stomach

Actions:Moistens lungs and nourishs Yin, augments the stomach Yinand generates fluids, clears the heart and eliminates irritability

Applications:

dry cough or epistaxis due to lung yin deficiency, Er Dong Gao

Heat impairing yin or diabetes, Sha Shen, Sheng Di huang, Yu Zhu

Insomnia or irritability due to yin deficiency, Tian wang bu xin dan

Dosage:6-15g.

Attention:Deficiency cold of the spleen and stomach

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Wu wei zi (Fructus Schizandrae)

Categories:Herbs that stabilize and bind

Taste and Property:sour, sweet and warm Meridian tropism: heart, kidney and lung

Actions:contains leakage of lung qi, enriches the kidneys, constrainsessences, stop diarrhea, generates fluids and inhibits sweating, quiets the spirit

Applications: For chronic cough and wheezing due to lung deficiency or lung and kidney deficiency,

Gan Jiang, Xi Xin

For nocturnal emissions, spermatorrhea, vaginal discharge, and urinary frequency dueto kidney deficiency, Wu Wei Zi Gao

For excessive sweating, Sheng Mai San

For irritability, palpitations, dream-disturbed sleep and insomnia due to injury to yin andblood

Dosage:3~6g

Attention: contraindicated where an exterior disorder has not been cleared, or

there is heat from excess in the interior, or in the early stages of a cough or rash

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Formulas

Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, Qi Ju Di Huang Wan,

Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan, Ba Xian Chang Shou

Wan, Ming Mu Di Huang Wan FS: pp 263-

265 Zuo Gui Yin FS: pp 266-267

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Liu wei di huang wan (Six

ingredient pill with rehmannia)

Categories: Formulas that tonify yin

Ingredients: Shu di huang, Shan zhu yu,

Shan yao, Fu ling, Mu dan pi, Ze xie

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Actions and indications of the formula

Actions

Enrich the yin and nourish the kidneys.

Indications

Kidney yin deficiency in children characterized by an open

anterior fontanel, lack of spirit. Soreness and weakness inthe lower back, vertigo, tinnitus, diminished hearing, night

sweats, spontaneous and nocturnal emissions. hot palms

and soles, a chronic dry and sore throat, toothache, or

wasting and thirsting disorder. A red tongue with little

coating, a rapid and thin pulse.

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Analysis of Formula

Monarch: Shu di huang enrich the kidney yin and essence.

Deputy: Shan zhu yu, shan yao Shan zhu yu: nourish the liver and restrain the leakage of

essence.

Shan yao: stabilize the essence by tonifying the spleen Assistant: ze xie, mu dan pi, fu ling

Ze xie: clear and drain the overabundance of kidney fire, preventthe rich, cloying properties of the chief herb from congesting themechanisms of the kidneys.

Dan pi: clear and drain liver fire and is used here tocounterbalance the warm properties of Shan zhu yu.

Fu ling: a bland herb that leaches out dampness from the spleen.Paired with Shan yao to strengthen the transportive functions ofthe spleen. Prevent the formula from clogging up the digestiveprocess.

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Modern application and modifications

Modern application: Neurasthenia, pulmonary tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism,

chronic nephritis, urinary tract infection, hypertension, functional uterinebleeding, optic neuritis, optic nerve atrophy, and central retinitis

Modifications: Qi Ju Di Huang Wan: Add Gou qi zi and Ju hua. for dry or painful eyes,

diminished visual acuity, night blindness, photophobia Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan: Add Zhi mu and Huang bai. for yin deficiency with

vigorous fire, consumptive heat, or steaming bone disorders. Also for urinarydifficulty and lower back pain from damp-heat in the lower burner in patientswith underlying kidney yin deficiency.

Ba Xian Chang Shou Wan (Eight immortal pill for longevity): Add Mai mendong, Wu wei zi. For lung and kidney yin deficiency with cough with blood,

tidal fever, and night sweat. Ming mu di huang wan: add sheng di, chai hu, dang gui, wu wei zi. For

diminished vision due to liver and kidney deficiency.

Shen qi wan: add fu zi, rou gui

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Zuo Gui Yin (Restore the left

decoction)

Categories: Formulas that tonify yin


Shan yao, Fu ling, Gou qi zi, Zhi gan cao

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Actions

Enrich the yin and nourish the kidneys.

Indications

Soreness and weakness in the lower back, night sweats,spontaneous and nocturnal emissions. Dry mouth and

throat. A peeled, shiny tongue, a rapid and thin pulse

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Formula Comparisons

Formula Zuo gui yin Liu wei di huang wan

Ingredient Shu di huang, shan yao, shan zhu yu, fu ling

Gou qi zi, zhi gan cao Ze xie, dan pi

Actions Nourish the yin and enrich the kidney

Little heat Mild action of clearing heat

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Herbs

Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui zhi) MM: pp 8-11

Aconite (Fu zi) MM: pp 673-677

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Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi )

Categories: herbs that release exterior

Taste and Nature: Pungent, sweet and warm Channel tropism: Heart, lung and bladder

Actions: induces sweating, releases exterior, warm the channel, and unblockyang qi

Application: Treat exterior syndrome of deficiency type with symptoms of wind-cold type

Relieve pain by dispersing wind cold from the channels and collaterals, applicable to

pain or soreness in the shoulder and lumbar region Assist yang to promote flow of yang qi and remove obstruction from the collaterals,

applicable to phlegm syndrome, abdominal pain due to yang deficiency anddysmenorrhea due to accumulation of cold in the collaterals

Dosage: 3-9g for oral use

Contraindications: Pregnancy ,Menorrhagia, Deficiency heat syndrome.

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Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite) Categories: herbs that warm interior

Taste and Property: Pungent and hot

Meridian Tropism: Heart, kidney and spleen Actions: Rescue yang from collapse, Tonify fire and assist yang, Disperse cold

and relieve pain

Applications Collapse of yang: Marked by cold sweating, cold limbs, feeble and indistinct pulse

Fu Zi can assists the heart yang to promote flow of qi and blood in the vessels andtonify the kidney yang to supplement fire to rescue the depleting yang. Often used

together with Gan Jiang and Gan Cao, i.e. Si Ni Tang Yang deficiency patterns: Yang deficiency of the kidney, the spleen and the heart can

all be treated with this herb. Kidney Yang deficiency: Marked by aversion to cold, cold limbs, soreness and weakness of the

loins and knees, impotence and frequent urination.

Spleen yang deficiency with excess of cold marked by cold pain in the abdomen, and loosestool

Heart yang deficiency: Palpitation, shortness of breath, cardialgia due to CHD

Arthralgia: More suitable for exuberance of cold dampness marked by pain of thejoints of all over the body, often used together with Gui Zhi and Bai Zhu, i.e. Fu Zi GanCao Tang

Dosage:3-15g. It should be decocted first for 30-60m to reduce its toxicity

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Formulas

Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan FS: pp 275-278

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Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi

Pill from the Golden Cabinet)

Categories: formulas that tonify yang


Shan yao, Fu ling, Mu dan pi, Ze xie,Fu zi,Gui zhi

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Actions

Warm and tonify Kidney Yang .

Indications

Lower back pain, weakness of the lowerextremities, a cold sensation in the lower half of

the body, dyspnea, A pale swollen tongue with a

thin white and moist coating, empty pulse, Difficult

urination with edema or excessive urination withincontinence.

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Analysis of Formula

Liu wei di huang wan: tonify kidney yin

Fu zi: tonify the source of fire, dispel cold, eliminate dampness

Gui zhi: benefit the joints, warm the channels, and unblock the

vessels. Warm the bladder and promote urination byassisting in the transformation the organs qi.

Together they assist yang and enhance themetabolism of water.

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Modern application and modifications

Modifications

Replace Gui zhi with Rou gui in order to accentuate the

warming and tonification of the lower burner, which leads

the fire back to its source in kidneys. treating wheezing,

severe sweating, weakness and cold of the lowerextremities, and a deficient, rootless pulse.

Modern application:

Nephritis, chronic urethritis, diabetes mellitus,

hypothyroidism, neurasthenia, arthritis, chronic bronchialasthma.

Documents

HM1-424-Class-7