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How did genocide affect Rwanda’s population?
To discover the dark history behind Rwanda’s genocide
To explain the affect the genocide had the population structure of Rwanda
To understand what is meant by forced migration
Key terms: Genocide, Hutu, Tutsi, forced migration
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Locating Rwanda Rwanda is located in central Africa. Population of 10.9 millionIt is bordered by the Congo to the west, Burundi to the south, Tanzania to the east and Uganda to the north. TASK: Draw a sketch map to locate
Rwanda. Include its capital city, the major rivers and the countries
it borders. Include a title, a north arrow.
Narrow apex shows small number of people over 65.
Short pyramid shows high death rate and short life expectancy
Wide base shows high birth rate
Rwanda Population Structure
Thin apex
Very wide base
Poor medical care and poverty has led to a
high death rate.
Lack of education, little access to
birth control and a farming-based society means that there is a
high birth rate.
TASK: Draw a rough outline of the
population pyramid. Annotate it. Include
points about birth rate, death rate and
life expectancy.
Rwanda: The 100 Days
Between April and June 1994, an estimated 800,000 Rwandans were killed in the space of 100 days. These 100 days would change the country and its population forever.
Rwanda’s Dark History
A genocide is a mass killing of a particular race or people group
Rwanda’s Dark History
Rwanda is a country made up of two ethnicities: the Hutus and the Tutsis.
Rwanda’s Dark History
The Tutsis ruled the country until 1962. Many Hutus complained they ruled unfairly and that the Tutsi leaders were prejudiced against the Hutus. Resentment built within many Hutu communities.
Rwanda’s Dark History
The Hutus took control in 1962. Over subsequent decades, the Tutsis were mistreated. Tension built between the groups.
Rwanda’s Dark History
The tension grew and grew. Fighting broke out in the streets of the capital Kigali. Both groups portrayed the other as the problem. Propaganda spread racial hatred and lies. Until in April 1994 all hell broke loose.
Rwanda’s Dark History
On 6th April 1994 the Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down in his plane. The Tutsis were blamed and the Hutus began their bloody genocide.
Rwanda’s Dark History
Within hours, Hutu gangs (called the Interhamwe) were dispatched all over the country to carry out a wave of slaughter. Tutsi children were particularly targeted to wipe out the future generation. The aim of the extremist Hutus was to completely exterminate the Tutsi race.
Rwanda’s Dark History
By mid May 1994, the Tutsis had started to fight back. Led by Paul Kagame, the Tutsi Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) began to challenge the Hutus. Months of fighting followed, while Tutsi communities were still being massacred by the Hutu Interhamwe.
Rwanda’s Dark History
As Europe and America looked on and did nothing, the RPF began to take back more and more of the country. 2 million Hutus flee into the Congo as the Tutsi RPF take control of Kigali.
Rwanda’s Dark History
On 18th July the RPF announces that the war is over. 800,000 Tutsis have died. Rwanda lies in tatters. Its people broken.
Rwanda Questions1. What do people say sparked the
genocide?2. Who was the leader of the Tutsi
rebels? What does he say about the start of the genocide?
3. What is the history between the Tutsis and the Hutus?
4. Why did the bodies of some Tutsis get thrown into rivers?
5. What did the Belgians do in 1916? Why could the Belgians be held accountable over the genocide?
6. Why was 1962 a significant date for Rwanda?
Effects on the population
What does this graph tells us about the effect of the genocide on the population of Rwanda?
Use numbers and figures from the graph in your answer.
A graph to show the total population of Rwanda from 1961 to 2003
Effects on the population
• 800,000 Tutsis murdered• 2 million Hutus flee into the Congo (called forced migration)
• A large number of orphaned children, both Tutsi and Hutu
• 100,000 Hutus put in prison
