How to CiteHow to CiteMichael Hull, Valerie T., Jennifer Wolfe, Jonathon Wasserstein

Why Cite?Why Cite?

The purpose of citing sources is to

• give credit to the author for any ideas or quotations that you use

• To enable your reader to locate the sources.

How to cite?How to cite?

• Step 1 - Decide what type of resource you are using• Book• Web Site• Magazine• Interview

• Step 2 – Look up the proper formatting for your source

• Step 3 - Write your citation• Use the proper punctuation• Remember, your source might not have all of the parts

required

Citation StylesCitation Styles

• APA• Psychology• Education• Other Social Sciences

• AMA• Medicine• Health• Biological Sciences

• Turabian• designed for college for use in all subjects

• Chicago• used with all subjects in the "real world" by books, magazines,

newspapers, and other non-scholarly publications.

Citation StylesCitation Styles

MLA◦Literature◦Arts◦Humanities

Modern Language Association Style◦most commonly used to write papers and cite

sources within the liberal arts and humanities

In-Text CitationsIn-Text Citations

Parenthetical Citation◦(Wordsworth 263)

No Known Author◦("Wordsworth Is a Loser" 100)

Multiple Citations◦If you cite more than one work by a particular

author, include a shortened title for the particular work from which you are quoting to distinguish it from the others.

Formatting QuotationsFormatting Quotations

Short Quotations◦ Enclose the quotation within double quotation marks◦ Provide the author and specific page citation in the text◦ Include a complete reference on the Works Cited page.

Long Quotations◦ place quotations in a free-standing block of text◦ Start the quotation on a new line indented one inch from

the left margin

Adding or Omitting Words In Quotations◦ If you add a word or words in a quotation, use brackets

“[]”◦ If you omit a word or words from a quotation, use the

ellipsis mark “…”

Footnotes and EndnotesFootnotes and Endnotes

Proper Use◦MLA discourages extensive use of explanatory

or digressive notes◦Endnotes or footnotes can be used to

evaluative bibliographic comments

Numbering Endnotes and Footnotes◦Footnotes in MLA format are indicated by

consecutively-numbered superscript Arabic numbers

Works Cited Page: Basic Works Cited Page: Basic FormatFormat

Basic Rules◦Separate page◦Label the page◦Double space◦Indent second lines◦List page numbers efficiently

QuizQuiz

1 – Why should we cite our sources?

A – It makes you look smart

B – To give credit to the author

C – Because KV White said so

QuizQuiz

1 – Why should we cite our sources?

A – It makes you look smart

B – To give credit to the author

C – Because KV White said so

QuizQuiz

2 –What is the citation style most used by college students?

A – APA

B – Chicago

C – MLA

QuizQuiz

2 –What is the citation style most used by college students?

A – APA

B – Chicago

C – MLA

QuizQuiz

3 – When omitting words from a quote, what should you use?

A – Brackets – []

B – Quotes – “”

C – An ellipsis - …

QuizQuiz

3 – When omitting words from a quote, what should you use?

A – Brackets – []

B – Quotes – “”

C – An ellipsis - …

QuizQuiz

4 – Your ‘Works Cited’ page should be at…

A – The beginning of your paper

B – The end of your paper

C – Wherever you feel like

QuizQuiz

4 – Your ‘Works Cited’ page should be at…

A – The beginning of your paper

B – The end of your paper

C – Wherever you feel like

Wiki PageWiki Page

Works CitedWorks Cited

"APA, MLA, Turabian, and Chicago Citation Styles." Long Island University. 01 Apr. 2009

<http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citation.htm>.

"Cite a Paper - MLA Documentation." Allan Hancock College - Start Here-Go Anywhere. 01 Apr. 2009

<http://www.hancockcollege.edu/Default.asp?Page=1045>.

"How to Cite Sources: APA Style." Nova Southeastern University | Academics for South Florida and the World. 01

Apr. 2009 <http://www.nova.edu/library/dils/lessons/apa/>.

"How To Cite Sources." Pima Community College. 01 Apr. 2009 <http://wc.pima.edu/~bfiero/cite.html>.

"MLA Formatting and Style Guide - The OWL at Purdue." Welcome to the Purdue University Online Writing Lab

(OWL). 01 Apr. 2009 <http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/557/01/>.

"MLA Formatting and Style Guide: Works Cited Page: Basic Format - The OWL at Purdue." Welcome to the

Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL). 01 Apr. 2009

<http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/557/06/>.