HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

CULTURAL POLITICAL ECONOMIC

POPULATION URBAN

CultureCulture

The total of knowledge, attitudes, The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and and behaviors shared by and

passed on by the numbers of a passed on by the numbers of a specific group.specific group.

Put what you think makes up culture in this circle.

Food

Shelter

Religion

Language

Family Interaction

Music

Art

Dance Education

Government

Innovation

An idea is created

EX: Hummer

Vehicle

Cultural ExchangeCultural Exchange

Diffusion

The idea is spread

EX: Military uses the HumV in the field

Acculturation

A culture adopts the idea

EX: The masses begin to drive the vehicle for recreational use

There are between 3000 and There are between 3000 and 6500 different languages 6500 different languages

spoken in the world today!!!spoken in the world today!!!1. Chinese – Mandarin1. Chinese – Mandarin 2. Spanish2. Spanish3. English3. English 4. Hindi 4. Hindi 5. Arabic5. Arabic6. Bengali6. Bengali7. Portuguese7. Portuguese8. Russian8. Russian9. Japanese9. Japanese 10. German10. German

Language TreeLanguage Tree

MonotheisticMonotheistic

1 God1 God

Christianity, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Judaism, and Islam are examples.are examples.

PolytheisticPolytheistic

Belief in many Belief in many Gods.Gods.

Hinduism and Hinduism and ancient Greek and ancient Greek and Egyptian religions Egyptian religions are examples.are examples.

Animistic or TraditionalAnimistic or Traditional

Often a belief in Often a belief in the divine forces of the divine forces of naturenature

Native Americans Native Americans and Paganism and Paganism

World ReligionsWorld Religions

Major World ReligionsMajor World Religions

1.1. ChristianityChristianity2.2. IslamIslam3.3. HinduismHinduism4.4. BuddhismBuddhism5.5. JudaismJudaism

QUICK CHECK!QUICK CHECK!

Hold a number using your hand:Hold a number using your hand:

Monotheism is the belief in how many Monotheism is the belief in how many gods?gods?

ONE!ONE! Polytheism is the belief in how many Polytheism is the belief in how many

gods?gods? MORE THAN ONE!MORE THAN ONE!

Population GeographyPopulation Geography

Study of the population Study of the population characteristics of different areas.characteristics of different areas.

Guess what the world population is?Guess what the world population is? 6.8 billion6.8 billion

United States? United States? 310 million310 million

Population TermsPopulation Terms BirthrateBirthrate – live births per 1000 of the – live births per 1000 of the

population.population. Fertility RateFertility Rate – Average number of – Average number of

children a woman has.children a woman has. Mortality RateMortality Rate – Number of deaths – Number of deaths

per 1000 people.per 1000 people. Infant Mortality RateInfant Mortality Rate – Number of – Number of

deaths among infants under age of deaths among infants under age of one per 1000 live births.one per 1000 live births.

World Mortality RateWorld Mortality Rate

Population PyramidsPopulation Pyramids

-A GRAPH THAT

SHOWS AGE & SEX

DISTRIBUTION OF A POPULATION.

Population PyramidPopulation Pyramid

-How can you tell the Congo’s population is growing?

-Why is there a bulge in the United States for ages 30-59?

QUICK CHECKQUICK CHECK ON THE SIDE OF YOUR NOTES- MATCH THE ON THE SIDE OF YOUR NOTES- MATCH THE

DESCRIPTION WITH THE APPROPRIATE LETTER:DESCRIPTION WITH THE APPROPRIATE LETTER:

_____1. Infant Mortality Rate_____1. Infant Mortality Rate

_____2. Fertility Rate_____2. Fertility Rate

_____3. Birthrate_____3. Birthrate

A. live births per 1000A. live births per 1000

B. avg. # of children a woman hasB. avg. # of children a woman has

C. number of deaths among infants C. number of deaths among infants under 1 yr. per 100 live birthsunder 1 yr. per 100 live births

POPULATION DISTRIBUTIONPOPULATION DISTRIBUTION

Population is NOT distributed evenlyPopulation is NOT distributed evenly 1. climate1. climate 2. food source2. food source 3. water source3. water source

Push-Pull Factors:Push-Pull Factors: Push- out of an area (centrifugal)Push- out of an area (centrifugal)

Environment conditions- drought, floodEnvironment conditions- drought, flood Political reasons- war, economyPolitical reasons- war, economy

Pull- into an area (centripetal)Pull- into an area (centripetal) Economy doing wellEconomy doing well Job opportunitiesJob opportunities

Population DensityPopulation Density Describes how heavily populated an Describes how heavily populated an

area is…area is… Divide the # of people by total amount Divide the # of people by total amount

of land they occupy:of land they occupy:

Misleading for a nation = some areas Misleading for a nation = some areas are more sparsely populated (Think USA are more sparsely populated (Think USA and the states)and the states)

Carrying capacityCarrying capacity = # of organisms a = # of organisms a piece of land can supportpiece of land can support

People area

DFW

San Antonio

Houston

QUICK CHECK!QUICK CHECK!

Discuss with a neighbor two things Discuss with a neighbor two things your learned about Population your learned about Population GeographyGeography (YOU WILL BE SHARING!)(YOU WILL BE SHARING!)

Urban GeographyUrban Geography

Study of how people use Study of how people use space in a city.space in a city.

Key termsKey terms The growth of cities is The growth of cities is urbanizationurbanization.. City City – Areas with large populations that – Areas with large populations that

are centers for business and culture.are centers for business and culture. SuburbsSuburbs – Political units touching the – Political units touching the

central city or another suburb.central city or another suburb. ExurbsExurbs – Smaller cities or towns with – Smaller cities or towns with

open land between them and the central open land between them and the central city.city.

Metropolitan AreaMetropolitan Area – When a city, suburbs, – When a city, suburbs, and exurbs link together economically.and exurbs link together economically.

MegalopolisMegalopolis – When multiple metro areas – When multiple metro areas overlap.overlap.

Urban AreasUrban Areas

QUICK CHECKQUICK CHECK

THUMBS UP (yes)– THUMBS DOWN (no)THUMBS UP (yes)– THUMBS DOWN (no)

We live in a suburb of Dallas Ft. WorthWe live in a suburb of Dallas Ft. Worth

The main reason cities locate where The main reason cities locate where they do is because of scenerythey do is because of scenery

State – Independent unit that occupies a territory. “Country”

EX: USA, Russia, France

Nation – Refers to a group of people with similar culture living within a territory.

EX: Americans, Russians, French

Nation State – When a nation and a state occupy the same territory.

EX: USA, Denmark, Mexico

Stateless Nation – When a nation has no territory.

EX: Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques

Growing in NumberGrowing in Number

In 1900 there were only 57 countries.In 1900 there were only 57 countries.

In 2000 there were 192 countries.In 2000 there were 192 countries.

Today there are 195 countries.Today there are 195 countries.

What is the largest state / What is the largest state / country?country?

Russia with an area over 17 million square Russia with an area over 17 million square km ! km !

That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..

What is the smallest state / What is the smallest state / country?country?

Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square km.km.

That is less than 140 acres!That is less than 140 acres!

It is also It is also landlockedlandlocked. That means it is . That means it is surrounded by land with no direct access to the surrounded by land with no direct access to the sea.sea.

There are 195 Nation States. And that number is growing!

DemocracyDemocracy

Citizens hold the Citizens hold the power either power either directly or through directly or through elected elected representation.representation.

MonarchyMonarchy

A ruling family A ruling family headed by a king headed by a king or queen holds or queen holds political power and political power and may or may not may or may not share power with share power with citizen bodies.citizen bodies.

DictatorshipDictatorship

An individual or An individual or group holds complete group holds complete political power.political power.

North Korea’s Kim Jong Il

Cuba’s Castro

Soviet Union’s Stalin

KEY TERMKEY TERM

Economy: Economy: Production and exchange of goods and Production and exchange of goods and services among a group of peopleservices among a group of people

operate at local, national and international leveloperate at local, national and international level

Economic SystemEconomic System: The way people produce and : The way people produce and exchange goods and services:exchange goods and services:1. Traditional1. Traditional2. Command2. Command3. Market3. Market4. Mixed4. Mixed

Traditional/Barter EconomyTraditional/Barter Economy

Goods and Goods and services are services are traded traded without using without using money.money.

Market/Demand/Capitalism/Market/Demand/Capitalism/Free Enterprise EconomyFree Enterprise Economy

Production of Production of goods and goods and services are services are determined determined by demand by demand from from consumers.consumers.

Command EconomyCommand Economy

Production of Production of goods and goods and services is services is determined by determined by the government. the government. Production does Production does not necessarily not necessarily reflect consumer reflect consumer demand.demand.

Economic ActivitiesEconomic Activitiesdescribe how describe how materialsmaterials are turned into goods or are turned into goods or

servicesservices are delivered to consumers are delivered to consumers

1. Primary1. Primary – Gather raw materials– Gather raw materials

2. Secondary2. Secondary – Manufacture products– Manufacture products

3. Tertiary3. Tertiary – Provide services– Provide services

4. Quarternary4. Quarternary –– Provide info& managementProvide info& management

Economic ActivitiesEconomic Activities

Primary

Farming, fishing, mining

Secondary

Factories, manufacturing

Tertiary

Teachers, doctors

Quaternary

Research, management

Economic Support SystemsEconomic Support Systems

InfrastructureInfrastructure is the basic support is the basic support system need to keep an economy system need to keep an economy going.going.

Think about GHS…what things MUST we Think about GHS…what things MUST we have in order for school to function have in order for school to function properly?properly? Power, communication systems, Power, communication systems,

transportation, water, sanitation, authority, transportation, water, sanitation, authority, food supplyfood supply