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Human Resources Development introductionWhy HRD?Human resources, are the most valuable assets of any organization, with the machines, materials and even the money, nothing gets done without man-powerThe need for improved productivity has become universally accepted and that it depends on efficient and effective HRD It has further become necessary in view of advancement in modern world to invest in HRD. Thus the role played HRD can no longer be over-emphasized. Staff development are based on the premise that staff skills need to be improved for organizations to grow. What is HRDHuman Resource Development (HRD) is the framework for helping employees develop their personal and organizational skills, knowledge, and abilities. Human Resource Development includes such practices as employee training, employee career development, performance management and development, coaching, mentoring, succession planning, career development, employee identification, tuition assistance, and organization development.HRD aims at improving individual, group and organizational effectiveness through the integrated use of these practicesHRD definition cont..HRD develops the key competencies that enable individuals in organizations to perform current and future jobs through planned learning activities. Groups within organizations use HRD to initiate and manage change. HRD ensures a match between individual and organizational needs.HRD definition cont..The focus of all aspects of Human Resource Development is on developing the most superior workforce so that the organization and individual employees can accomplish their work goals in service to customers.Organizations have many opportunities for human resources development both within and outside of the workplace.Human Resource Development can be formal such as in classroom training, a college course, or an organizational planned change effort. Or, Human Resource Development can be informal as in employee coaching by a manager. Healthy organizations believe in Human Resource Development and cover all of these bases.

HRD FunctionsTraining and development (T&D)Organizational developmentSuccession planning and Career development

61/28/2014THRD-160-26Training and Development (T&D)Training improving the knowledge, skills and attitudes of employees for the short-term, particular to a specific job or task e.g.,Employee orientationSkills & technical trainingCoachingCounseling71/28/2014THRD-160-27Training and Development (T&D)Development preparing for future responsibilities, while increasing the capacity to perform at a current jobManagement trainingSupervisor development81/28/2014THRD-160-28Organizational DevelopmentThe process of improving an organizations effectiveness and members well-being through the application of behavioral science conceptsFocuses on both macro- and micro-levelsHRD plays the role of a change agent91/28/2014THRD-160-29Succession planning and Career DevelopmentOngoing process by which individuals progress through series of changes until they achieve their personal level of maximum achievement.Succession planningCareer planning and managementTalent management 101/28/2014THRD-160-210Some Critical HRD IssuesStrategic management and HRDThe supervisors role in HRDOrganizational structure of HRD111/28/2014THRD-160-211Strategic Management & HRDStrategic management aims to ensure organizational effectiveness for the foreseeable future e.g., maximizing profits in the next 3 to 5 yearsHRD aims to get managers and workers ready for new products, procedures, and materials121/28/2014THRD-160-212Supervisors Role in HRDImplements HRD programs and proceduresOn-the-job training (OJT)Coaching/mentoring/counselingCareer and employee developmentA front-line participant in HRD131/28/2014THRD-160-213Organizational Structure of HRD DepartmentsDepends on company size, industry and maturityNo single structure usedDepends in large part on how well the HRD manager becomes an institutional part of the company i.e., a revenue contributor, not just a revenue user141/28/2014THRD-160-214HR Manager RoleIntegrates HRD with organizational goals and strategiesPromotes HRD as a profit enhancerTailors HRD to corporate needs and budgetInstitutionalizes performance enhancement151/28/2014THRD-160-215Importance of training and development Optimum Utilization of Human Resources Training and Development helps in optimizing the utilization of human resource that further helps the employee to achieve the organizational goals as well as their individual goals.Development of Human Resources Training and Development helps to provide an opportunity and broad structure for the development of human resources technical and behavioral skills in an organization. It also helps the employees in attaining personal growth.Development of skills of employees Training and Development helps in increasing the job knowledge and skills of employees at each level. It helps to expand the horizons of human intellect and an overall personality of the employeesProductivity Training and Development helps in increasing the productivity of the employees that helps the organization further to achieve its long-term goal. Team spirit Training and Development helps in inculcating the sense of team work, team spirit, and inter-team collaborations. It helps in inculcating the zeal to learn within the employees. Organization Culture Training and Development helps to develop and improve the organizational health culture and effectiveness. It helps in creating the learning culture within the organization.

Organization Climate Training and Development helps building the positive perception and feeling about the organization. The employees get these feelings from leaders, subordinates, and peers. Quality Training and Development helps in improving upon the quality of work and work-life. Healthy work environment T & D helps in creating the healthy working environment. It helps to build good employee, relationship so that individual goals aligns with organizational goal.

Health and Safety Training and Development helps in improving the health and safety of the organization thus preventing obsolescence. Morale Training and Development helps in improving the morale of the work force. Image Training and Development helps in creating a better corporate image. Profitability Training and Development leads to improved profitability and more positive attitudes towards profit orientationTraining and Development aids in organizational development i.e. Organization gets more effective decision making and problem solving. It helps in understanding and carrying out organisational policiesTraining and Development helps in developing leadership skills, motivation, loyalty, better attitudes, and other aspects that successful workers and managers usually display.

HR role in HRD HRD jobs/roles HRD manager,Training manager or director, management development specialist chief learning officer, and individual career development advisorHRD Jobs/RolesExecutive/ManagerHR Strategic AdvisorHR Systems Designer/DeveloperOrganization Change AgentOrganization Design ConsultantLearning Program Specialist231/28/2014THRD-160-223HRD Jobs/Roles Instructor/FacilitatorIndividual Development and Career CounselorPerformance Consultant (Coach)Researcher241/28/2014THRD-160-224HR Strategic Advisor RoleConsults with corporate strategic thinkersHelps to articulate goals and strategiesDevelops HR plansDevelops strategic planning education and training programs251/28/2014THRD-160-225HR Systems Designer/DeveloperAssists HR manager in the design and development of HR systemsDesigns HR programsDevelops intervention strategiesPlans HR implementation actions261/28/2014THRD-160-226Organization Change AgentDevelops more efficient work teamsImproves quality managementImplements intervention strategiesDevelops change reports

271/28/2014THRD-160-227Organization Design ConsultantDesigns work systemsDevelops effective alternative work designsImplements changed systems281/28/2014THRD-160-228Learning Program SpecialistIdentifies needs of learnersDevelops and designs learning programsPrepares learning materials and learning aidsDevelops program objectives, lesson plans, and strategies291/28/2014THRD-160-229Instructor/FacilitatorPresents learning materialsLeads and facilitates structured learning experiencesSelects appropriate instructional methods and techniquesDelivers instruction301/28/2014THRD-160-230Individual Development and Career CounselorAssists individuals in career planningDevelops individual assessmentsFacilitates career workshopsProvides career guidance311/28/2014THRD-160-231Performance Consultant (Coach)Advises line management on appropriate interventions to improve individual and group performanceProvides intervention strategiesDevelops and provides coaching designsImplements coaching activities321/28/2014THRD-160-232ResearcherAssesses HRD practices and programsDetermines HRD program effectiveness Develops requirements for changing HRD programs to address current and future problems

331/28/2014THRD-160-233Challenges for HRDChanging workforce demographicsCompeting in global economyNeed for lifelong learningNeed for organizational learning341/28/2014THRD-160-234Competing in the Global EconomyNew technologiesNeed for more skilled and educated workersCultural sensitivity requiredTeam involvementProblem solvingBetter communications skills351/28/2014THRD-160-235Need for Lifelong LearningOrganizations changeTechnologies changeProducts changeProcesses changePEOPLE must change!!361/28/2014THRD-160-236Need for Organizational LearningOrganizations must be able to learn, adapt, and changePrinciples:Systems thinkingPersonal masteryMental modelsShared visionsTeam learning371/28/2014THRD-160-237SummaryHRD is too important to be left to amateursHRD should be a revenue producer, not a revenue userHRD should be a central part of companyYou need to be able to talk MONEY

381/28/2014THRD-160-238Training and DevelopmentTraining and development are processes that attempt to provide an employee with information, skills, and understanding of the organizations of the organisation and its goalsT & D is designed to help a person continue to make positive contribution in the form of good performance 39Training and Development cont..Training and Development a systematic development of knowledge, skills and attitudes required by employees to perform adequately on a given task or job. New entrants into organizations have various skills, though not all are relevant to organizational needs.Training and development are required for staff to enable them work towards taking the organization to its expected destination. It is against the backdrop of the relative importance of staff training and development in relation to organization effectiveness that this course is offeredDifferences between Training and DevelopmentTraining is defined as:Any attempt to improved employees performance on a currently held job or one related to itThis usually means changes in specific knowledge, skills, attitudes or behaviorIt is the methods used you give new or present employees the skills they need to perform their job. It may mean job orientation, showing employees how to use new equipment or showing a sales persons how to sell41Training (cont..)It is a systematic process of altering the behavior of employees in a direction that will achieve organizational goals. Training is related to present job skills and abilities 42DevelopmentDevelopment refers to:Learning opportunities designed to help employees growSuch opportunities to not have to be limited to improving employees performance on their current job

43Differences between training and devt TrainingDevelopment Training usually refers to some kind of organized (and finite it time) event -- a seminar, workshop

Development is a process

Training has a beginning and end. Participants are exposed to knowledge and skills associated with new concepts during the event.Employee development is a much bigger, inclusive "thing". For example, coaching and rotating of job responsibilities to learn about the jobs of their colleagues

Training Development Results of training is changes performance Results of development is to changes lives

When we train people, we focus on the jobWhen we develop people, we focus on the personWhen we train people, were adding value to specific things, such as what their job description is.

When we develop people, we add value to everything. They not only become better in their jobs, they become better in life.

Training Development Employee training is a necessity for any business that wants to remain competitive in todays marketplace.

But leaders who want to make a lasting difference also recognize that training by itself is not enough and development will do

Training people is helpful for a short time,. Developing people is helpful for a lifetimeTraining often focuses on the immediate period to help fit any current deficit in employees skills.

The focus on development is on the long term to help employees prepare for future work demand

Training and development process

Models of training Models of trainingTraining is a sub-system of the organization because the departments such as, marketing & sales, HR, production, finance, etc depends on training for its survival. Training is a transforming process that requires some input and in turn it produces output in the form of knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs)THE TRAINING SYSTEMA System is a combination of things or parts that must work together to perform a particular function. An organization is a system and training is a sub system of the organization.

The System Approach views training as a sub system of an organization. System Approach can be used to examine broad issues like objectives, functions, and aim. It establishes a logical relationship between the sequential stages in the process of training need analysis (TNA), formulating, delivering, and evaluatingModels of training The three model of training are:

1. System Model

2. Instructional System Development Model

3. Transitional modelSystem model The system model consists of five phases . The steps involved in System Model of training are as follows:

1. Analyze and identify the training needs i.e. to analyze the department, job, employees requirement, who needs training, what do they need to learn, estimating training cost, etc The next step is to develop a performance measure on the basis of which actual performance would be evaluated.

2. Design and provide training to meet identified needs. This step requires developing objectives of training, identifying

3. Develop- This phase requires listing the activities in the training program that will assist the participants to learn, selecting delivery method, examining the training material, validating information to be imparted to make sure it accomplishes all the goals & objectives.

4. Implementing is the hardest part of the system because one wrong step can lead to the failure of whole training program.

5. Evaluating each phase so as to make sure it has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. Making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practices.

Instructional system development modelInstructional System Development model or ISD training model was made to answer the training problems. Concerned with the training need on the job performance.In this model, training objectives are defined on the basis of job responsibilities and job description, and on the basis of the defined objectives individual progress is measured. This model also helps in determining and developing the favorable strategies, sequencing the content, and delivering media for the types of training objectives to be achievedStages in ISDThe Instructional System Development model comprises of five stages:

1. ANALYSIS This phase consist of training need assessment, job analysis, and target audience analysis.

2. PLANNING This phase consist of setting goal of the learning outcome, instructional objectives that measures behavior of a participant after the training, types of training material, media selection, methods of evaluating the trainee, trainer and the training program, strategies to impart knowledge i.e. selection of content, sequencing of content, etc3. DEVELOPMENT This phase translates design decisions into training material. It consists of developing course material for the trainer including handouts, workbooks, visual aids, demonstration props, etc, course material for the trainee including handouts of summary.

4. EXECUTION This phase focuses on logistical arrangements, such as arranging speakers, equipments, benches, podium, food facilities, cooling, lighting, parking, and other training accessories.

5. EVALUATION The purpose of this phase is to make sure that the training program has achieved its aim in terms of subsequent work performance. This phase consists of identifying strengths and weaknesses and making necessary amendments to any of the previous stage in order to remedy or improve failure practicesThe ISD model is a continuous process that lasts throughout the training programme. It also highlights that feedback is an important phase throughout the entire training program. In this model, the output of one phase is an input to the next phaseFive stages of ISD

Transistional modelTransitional model focuses on the organization as a whole. The outer loop describes the vision, mission and values of the organization on the basis of which training model i.e. inner loop is executed.

Vision focuses on the milestones that the organization would like to achieve after the defined point of time. A vision statement tells that where the organization sees itself few years down the line. A vision may include setting a role mode, or bringing some internal transformation, or may be promising to meet some other deadlines.

Mission explain the reason of organizational existence. It identifies the position in the community. The reason of developing a mission statement is to motivate, inspire, and inform the employees regarding the organization. The mission statement tells about the identity that how the organization would like to be viewed by the customers, employees, and all other stakeholders.

Values is the translation of vision and mission into communicable ideals. It reflects the deeply held values of the organization and is independent of current industry environment. For example, values may include social responsibility, excellent customer service, etc.The mission, vision, and values precede the objective in the inner loop. This model considers the organization as a whole. The objective is formulated keeping these three things in mind and then the training model is further implemented

Transitional model