Hybrid Cars By Sander Harth. What is a Hybrid Car? A hybrid car is any car that uses both electricity and fuel injection in order to run

Hybrid CarsHybrid Cars

By Sander HarthBy Sander Harth

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What is a Hybrid Car?What is a Hybrid Car?

A hybrid car is any car that uses both electricity and fuel injection in order to run.

A hybrid car is any car that uses both electricity and fuel injection in order to run.



Before we go straight into hybrid cars lets take a quick glance at

the contributing factors that make a hybrid, a hybrid!

Before we go straight into hybrid cars lets take a quick glance at

the contributing factors that make a hybrid, a hybrid!

Here is your regular gasoline powered car.

Here is your regular gasoline powered car.



Lets see how it’s engine works.

When you drive a gasoline powered car and press the accelerator, you are making gasoline flow from the fuel tank to the engine, which causes the transmission to turn, which makes the wheels turn and helps you move forward.

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car1.htm

Here is your regular electric car.Here is your regular electric car.



An electric car has batteries that provide electricity to an electric motor which turns the transmission, and

consequently the wheels.

Lets see how an electric car works!


A hybrid car is a compromise of both a gasoline and electric car. A hybrid car is a compromise of both a gasoline and electric car.

But to be a useful car, a car must

meet some minimum

requirements…

But to be a useful car, a car must

meet some minimum

requirements…

It must drive at least 300 miles before re-fueling.

It must be refueled quickly and easily.

It must keep up with the other traffic on the road.

It must drive at least 300 miles before re-fueling.

It must be refueled quickly and easily.

It must keep up with the other traffic on the road.

As you can probably imagine, a purely electric car cannot possible keep up with all of these requirements because they can usually only go 50-100 miles between charges and take a long long time

to recharge.

Parts to a Hybrid CarParts to a Hybrid Car

Gasoline Engine Fuel Tank Electric Motor Generator Batteries Transmission

Gasoline Engine Fuel Tank Electric Motor Generator Batteries Transmission

Gasoline EngineGasoline EngineThe hybrid car has an engine just like most other cars.

However the hybrid’s engine is smaller than a normal engine and uses advanced technologies to

reduce emissions and increase efficiency.

The hybrid car has an engine just like most other cars. However the hybrid’s engine is smaller than a

normal engine and uses advanced technologies to reduce emissions and increase efficiency.



Fuel TankFuel TankThe fuel tank in a hybrid is the energy storage device

for the gasoline engine. This is where the gas you put in your tank is kept.

The fuel tank in a hybrid is the energy storage device for the gasoline engine. This is where the gas you

put in your tank is kept.



Electric MotorElectric MotorThe electric motor is very sophisticated in hybrids.

Advanced electronics allow for it to act as a motor as well as a generator. It is able to draw energy from the batteries to accelerate the car, but it is also able to slow the car down

and return energy to the batteries (called regenerative braking, we will talk about this later).

The electric motor is very sophisticated in hybrids. Advanced electronics allow for it to act as a motor as well as

a generator. It is able to draw energy from the batteries to accelerate the car, but it is also able to slow the car down

and return energy to the batteries (called regenerative braking, we will talk about this later).



GeneratorGenerator

The generator is similar to the electric motor, but it acts only to produce electrical power.



BatteriesBatteriesThe batteries in a hybrid car are the energy storage device for the electric motor. The

electric motor from a hybrid can put energy into the batteries as well as draw energy from them.



TransmissionTransmissionThe transmission on a hybrid car performs the same basic functions as the transmission on a

conventional car. Some hybrids have very different types of transmissions though (Prius)

which we will talk about later.



Technology ONLY Found in HybridCars

Technology ONLY Found in HybridCars

Electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down.

The energy from the wheels turns the motor, functioning as a generator. This converts energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity. This electricity is then stored in a battery until it is needed by the electric motor.

Electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down.

The energy from the wheels turns the motor, functioning as a generator. This converts energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity. This electricity is then stored in a battery until it is needed by the electric motor.

Regenerative Braking

Technology ONLY Found in Hybrid Cars


Electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine in accelerating, passing or hill climbing.

This allows a smaler, more efficient engine to be used.

In some vehicles, the motore alone provides power for low speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient.

Electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine in accelerating, passing or hill climbing.

This allows a smaler, more efficient engine to be used.

In some vehicles, the motore alone provides power for low speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient.

Electric Motor Drive/Assist



Automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when the accelerator is pressed.

This prevents wasted energy from idling.

Automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when the accelerator is pressed.

This prevents wasted energy from idling.

Automatic Start/Shutoff

There are 2 main types of Hybrid Cars

There are 2 main types of Hybrid Cars

Parallel Hybrid

Series Hybrid

&

Parallel HybridParallel Hybrid

Parallel Hybrid 3-D View

• Fuel tank supplies gasoline to the engine and a set of batteries.

Both of these supply power to the electric motor.

• Both can turn the transmission at the same time.

• The transmission then turns the wheels.

• Fuel tank supplies gasoline to the engine and a set of batteries.

Both of these supply power to the electric motor.

• Both can turn the transmission at the same time.

• The transmission then turns the wheels.


Series HybridSeries Hybrid

Gasoline engine turns the generator. Generator either charges batteries or powers

an electric motor which powers the transmission.

The gasoline NEVER directly powers the vehicle.

Less common.

Gasoline engine turns the generator. Generator either charges batteries or powers

an electric motor which powers the transmission.

The gasoline NEVER directly powers the vehicle.

Less common.

Series Hybrid 3-D View


Advantages to Buying a Hybrid Car

Advantages to Buying a Hybrid Car

Better fuel economy (MPG). Less emission, particularly pollutants such as

carbon monoxide that are leading to global warming.

Sometimes emissions can be reduced up to 90% by driving a hybrid car.

Further range on a single tank of gas. Quieter

Better fuel economy (MPG). Less emission, particularly pollutants such as

carbon monoxide that are leading to global warming.

Sometimes emissions can be reduced up to 90% by driving a hybrid car.

Further range on a single tank of gas. Quieter

Disadvantages to Buying a Hybrid Car

Disadvantages to Buying a Hybrid Car

More expensive- Honda Civic begins at $15,000, Civic Hybrid begins at $22,600.

Long waiting line to get a hybrid. (sometimes up to 6 months for a Prius)

Sometimes they can be pretty ugly. Parts can be very expensive to repair. (between

$5,000 and $8,000 for a battery) Slower than gas-powered cars.

More expensive- Honda Civic begins at $15,000, Civic Hybrid begins at $22,600.

Long waiting line to get a hybrid. (sometimes up to 6 months for a Prius)

Sometimes they can be pretty ugly. Parts can be very expensive to repair. (between

$5,000 and $8,000 for a battery) Slower than gas-powered cars.

Different Hybrid Cars AvailableDifferent Hybrid Cars AvailableThere are many different types of hybrid cars out today. Almost every car manufacturer produces a hybrid. Here are 4 of the most popular hybrids compared.

Manufacturer Toyota Honda Ford Lexus

Model Prius Civic Escape RX 400h

Price $20,875+ $20,650+ $26,780+ $49,060+

MPG (city/hwy) 61/50 48/47 39/31 31/27

Edmunds Ratings and Links (10 highest)

9.3 9.3 8.9 9.4

Perfomance 76 hp @5000 rpm

93 hp @5700 rpm

133 hp @ 6000 rpm

268 hp @ 5600 rpm

Release Date 2000 2002 2004 2005

LX 600h LLX 600h L

Most expensive hybrid offered today, sticker price of $104,750.

5.0 Liter V8 438HP Performance that matches the BMW 760li

and Mercedes-Benz S600 (both have V12) Rated as a Super Ultra Low Emissions

Vehicle

Most expensive hybrid offered today, sticker price of $104,750.

5.0 Liter V8 438HP Performance that matches the BMW 760li

and Mercedes-Benz S600 (both have V12) Rated as a Super Ultra Low Emissions

Vehicle





Go Buy A Hybrid!Go Buy A Hybrid!

The End

BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY•“How Hybrid Cars Work.” 17 Nov 2008 <http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/hybridtech.shtml>.

•"Get the Facts, Problems & Disadvantages of Hybrid Cars." 17 Nov 2008 <http://www.hybrid-cars.org/featured/hybrid-car-disadvantage>.

•"All About Hybrid Cars: Comparison Chart." 17 Nov 2008 <http://www.allabouthybridcars.com/comparison-chart.htm>.

•Haber, Alexandria . "A Guide to Prevent Carbon Monoxide Poisoning." The Facts About Hybrid Car Emissions and Global Warming 17 Nov 2008 <http://www.carbon-monoxide-poisoning.com/article5-hybrid-car-emissions.html>.

•Nice, Layton, Karim, Julia. "How Hybrid Cars Work." 17 Nov 2008 <http://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car4.htm>.

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Hybrid Cars By Sander Harth. What is a Hybrid Car? A hybrid car is any car that uses both electricity and fuel injection in order to run