CHAPTER 1

.4 Addilldul h.dh n:zrds

.4 Rea.tion wirh otha..ram

.5 Rdrim wfth odEr mabiaL

.? vapolr p6uE ad boiliry p.int

HAZARDSANDPROPERTIES OFCHEMICALS

rhi: thqk, snrs rt ttuoctdidt to thtt'trnltrt: unt rt. /i.d r. tuxts, rtu

t$knkd tuth ttu /a,{ttis .fn ltiflrtk. n r10id tFhrads

chemi.d biken,re Fqun€d b h spod r wide iange olditre4ni G.s(s, and manyian kcE a ru d€si8n€d ro .afy a rarge nunb.r of e8ESrred plaluds simu landiusly TtedP.6don ol .hemi.rl ruke6 ,lifl€rs fsm riy orher bulk liquid hansponaton openiio.s, inthai .n a siigle rcya8e a la$e nunbcr ol .a$B si$ dilrdent prdFrhc' .hrracredsiics d'linhcrcn( hi,rds ma], be.aried MoR)v.r, rn poi *vpral psdu.6 may beh:ndledsinurr,n !$ly ai on€ b€nh, iypi.auy indudins differenr orEritions su.h as di{hd3a andlNdiry:swe||'5bnkdeanin3Evenlhc]69phkti.abd.hen(J.omplcr to opemrP ihan oil ranlds

TnBpoitario. or bulk chemi.rs by *a not only rcqtrie spRialN shipr 3nd oquipn.d, buirs sF{iarisr ftew tainiry, borh rhsrdi.:r and pr.dical, in order for rh@ inolved r,

evarious.heni6lsandb€awanolih.porcniial haTar'lsculi y impoianr aspd or th! !equn@!i $ rhc

pFvisi.n of a dah shar, or .a4o inromad.n fom, sMns d€raits sp€br hdld on b.i.d whm$ er thri sub$me is .artild by rhe sh,p (*e s€dion 2.2).

Ihe rollowiry not6 aiPonly int€.dy *a h bulr. Mdtudebird hfomrion on ih. ndn

hdalds and popedie\ s ill be fomd in relevani .hapr€6 and rppendi.es, whee B!id:n.e $al$ givmon thc pre.aurionsrobebldn.

vap.ur Sivcn oft by a n:nm$reli,tojd ei bu.i when isnihd pruvided it is nixen wirh.e*af p!.p.dtuns or

'n, or more acurarelv wjrh rhe oxySen in :n Bu

rm nu.h fap.lr shprcd ro ihe ,n, so dur rhe v.pouru'l.air mixrurm ri.h, ii sill nor bum Thc limiiinS ptupddioB, dipr@d,s a pe(fltasc bv volumcofn:mnable yrp.ur in ar, are Lnown as rhe tos€r fiambte tinit (LFL) and thd upp.rnmable linft tuFL), and ft zone in berwm 5 rh€ oamabl. Rnac Go Dcfinirions forturther d.iaib). conbudion ota vapourand airni*uF resurb ina very.onsidsabreexPrnsion .f gie! whnh, n onshi.i.d m in encl@d spa.e, a Gie pftsurt iapidly t rhe

In :ddnid, , naihrble liquid nu( iklr b. ar or ih.ve a remperarure hEh enouEh ror it ror4vp oft $,rri.ie.r vaporr r.r ietudon ro Gcur 'rn$ bmpeorur is known a3 rhc tah poini.sone caqms Nolvc namm$lc vapour ar anbieni hmp€r,ire, oihda .nry d highe!ren peraru&s or s hen heated s: fe handrns prF.i ures d cpend upon rh€ da mmabitft/cnda.hisriG of each podud. Nonronburibr€ .argN ,e thce whi.h do not evoNe

As nenrioned, rhe fre iisr pFeied bv a daIl1fubrd .a*o dlplids upon rhc oxysli oneniol th. ihosphere abovc it. 3y tilling ih. ullrg. spacc in a .argo hnk ( irh an in.d gas such a!

nit()8en o! the output oI an o,l hrd ind gas gm€raror, dp oxy8d .mrent.an be redu.ed ba rever at whi.h ih€ aimosphere rin .o r.n3e suppon ombu*ion ol tahmable vapour

Thi5i!knowni5irertin3ai'nkButitnimPoianlloPnPmb€rnEtmmay rFsne flammable again if a; b adnihud, fo! mnanc dui.8 rcurinp masrriry or .nlenrinsrh. mixiur ro nosphen o, durinS 3as fRing *ith,n GF chaptrr 6 for suidin.e.norgobnkarhospheret

en.ugh.xygen i w,I iorsuppodhte.irhcrinerhd nud ilways rollol $ 1pdedra

asbeirywihouthaza.d, how€veLas w horrAn)r p€Mn €nrerinS a iank shi.h h,. b.oib! sby inb cndoFd spaes (R chaphr ])

Torir iertu dt $he as poFnous Toxi.ity is ihc $ililv ol a subfttup, whd rliied, ins.$!n,or atEoftcl by rhe skin, ro.a!e d2mg€ ro riving 6ssue, inpalmenr ot ihe .srat ned.tssr,:r.n, fv.rc il[ss or, in ar€m .3g, dsrh Th. :n.uns or etp.suR r.guini ro pnnu..rh* Rult! vary widely wth ihe nitun of ihc subnane and rhe dunri.n of eiF.lurc ro ir

^or poj$nins NUB when a ra4e d.se n Reived by eip$ure io hiSh onmrdions of a

sh.n drntioni i e i sinsle bnef aposure Chronic p*oni$ d.un Lhiongh eipNuc to lowconQnraiions over a lm8 pedod or he i.e. r+o r1 o! prokDsed exposures To\i.4- isobjNii!.ly6aludedonrhebasisolhndosgcsuiddr.onbonetiondirions,andc\pr.s{das thehold Ifrn v:lues ('rlvt A fullerplanationisgiv.n in AppendirA.

Prevcnhon of erpcurc k achievpd rhroqh a onbin:tion of .aqo .oniainneni, whichpale s roric funes o! riquid fom onianimhng th. worrphe, d ihe use of peanlpmi€dn e €quipmenr (PPr). 1he r,tri is dsbed f chaptu e

Asph r ia is uncon$iousnes .ausd by lack of .ry 8en, and fr6 i s su ffmarion Any vapourmry .aus asphyxiarion, whcrhcr roxic or nor, sinpry by exdudinS oxrc€n in aii DanSerarcasindrde.a4obnks,voidsp:A,ndcargopunp(oms Bur rhearnosphereof aconpadnpnr nay also be o\E€n defi.ienr rhtuugh natu!,r .ausesi such a5 d(onpcirion orputrefachon of organic .a$o {s Appmdix C), or ru$inA of sr€l in void spaG s!.h rs.otferdahs, ioFp€ak and atierFear bnks PGrlhom ro be o6$ed before enrerina rhepspa.6 aF d€.rib€d in chaprer L

Cenain rapouB .ar los ol coN en ous synem. Inaddirim,

'n'estheii. vapou4 n3y oi nay nor bc rxic

r.3A Additiaml haltt hrads

addilimr hearih hrards my b. pneied by non€rgo fraen,k us€d on bo'rd dunnscalgo hmdling. Onc hrard is rhai of fGibii€ lrcm liquid nih8ln {oihdphee onhol in c,rso ranrs Fun dvne o dealins wiih trGrbih is onhined in th.MFAG (ae DPnnitiont. An.dEr h.quipmmt urd whilc hmdliry h€ar.i .arge.

4

A chemical my mact in a number ol wals, wirh irslr, wid' war.r, wilh an, w h oih.rchefiic.lsdhthdhermaen'I.

'nre nGt .olmm rofr o{ ftf,Racrion is polyturisrion. polynensdon g€neraly rsulb in6e onveGion or Sas or riquids inro visw liquids or $lids rt may b., std, n.ruralp4es which only deg.ades rhe prodld ridrur p$rs dy $tery hazards t. $e ship o. rhecpw, or it may b. a 6pid, .xorhemic rea.iion €volving ta.8e amounb of h€r and 8aes. Heaip(duced b), ihe pnes .an a@lerate ii. Su.h a padim is .alled a iundr polyn€rietionrhat pos a rriou danAer to bdh rhe ship :nd ib pnsm€l Produ.rs rhar are sr*pnbte roporymerisarid arc nomaly raEp.ned wnh added inhibiroF ro prvmr rhe ond of drercacbm. s€ APP€ndi c nrr debirs

An innibned .ary. .d h.ae should b€ provided b rhe ship beloF a car3o is c iii€d AncxrmP|cis5howninApp€nd'N'Theadionbbeia*min.a9o'apod.rrine wh,lerhe.a$oisonbuid sho d be d,vfl.d by rh€ stupk emer8enq, onhnEen.y

a way rh* could p@ a da.8er io borh rh€ shrp and ibpeentul Toric 3a= may b€ €volv€d. Tne no* nori&able ex.nples are ihe ist:n:es,su.h .a$E aie .an,ed undc. dry and ired .mditi.n olhs (argc redow wry ihar p.s no sarer' ha?rd, bur rhc n rion my p|d!.e sn' anounb of.he6nals th* can dam4. .quipmeft or irnk nrcnrE, or cm .aR o\$d dephhn

cenain .henic,l .argds nodry €rh€s dd aldehydesi nay read with ox$o in an or in rhpchemi. ro forn trrable ortgen .ompoun& (pebxid6) whi.h, ir altowed b buitd up, outdouse an explosion. su.h c Ses canb. €ihd inriibftd by an {nd{

| 4 4 R&ti I dtL dhn .rrya6

sone carsms Ead d&gerousry wirh @ anorhfl. such .ar8m shotrtd be srowed 'way

rrmea.h oth€r {nd in adiacnr hk) and Faenkd l6m niring by urns *parare lmding,disMqjnS and vd6ng .ysems wh{ phnnnS rh€.a4. dowa8q thrNanis€d omparibilly 8aid. 60 ensu€ thar caryc sbw.n adjacdr ro 6.n othei are

r15 Re|irn.tth attu tut-nts

f rhe ..r3o syiems nu* b€ conPabe ..rded, .nd crF nu* b€ iak6 b ensu& t],ar no inomFrible m.t nab rp u*d orinrrcdued duriry maintrndce (€.9. by rh€ mabial led ror epbcing gaskeb). somenaredars nay d8g* a *rt r€'rtd within the prcducr rn odEr .as, 16arols wir be non-haadols ro ship d d.w, but .an inpair rhe colm.rcial qu y oI ihecargo or rnde' it unHble.

Aodr anhydrides and al*:lb aE monf, rhe mi cl)md y cad€d oncive srbsbnc'rh€y .an rapidly dAr6y hlnan ti$E rnd crus irrprrable danase. ]ney .an ale orodenomar ship constudion mabirb, ad @de a sfert h,ad 6m a ship. A.ids in p,di.urarrBd with m6t n&b, evolvins hldrcgEn Aas which is hi8hly ilamabadd€s rhis, and crc should b€ iaro b ensoE rhar urouitabl. nabiah aE noi inctuded tntlP ca$o stsren. se€ Appendix B

P€Mnnel rrely b b€ exped b rhe pfdlcrs rhould w6r suibbt. ptlsat Foktile

Mo$,ninal and ve8dabL oils unddgo dlsnpcifun ov.' hhe, a nabrl prres knos n rspur€fadi.n (3oiry off), tnar Sensahs obnoxious and roxic vapoun and depletes rhe oiySsin thc hnk. Tanks thar havc .mtained su.h prcducb musi b€ captully vmtilai€d and iheshGphd. tstd pnor b ranl nhy (s Chaptlr 3)

It mwr not bc a$umcd ih:t all vipouF prc'iuccd by car3€ 1i$1. to puhefrdion sill in frdbe due b putera.don, sd. iay not b. obvi.!s, cnhe! throgh smell or appcrlane of the.a8o. caftff monoxid€ (co), for i6ran.e, is oloudes ,nd odotrrress and can b€ piodledwhfl .vcctableo.inimil oili3ovcfteahd

Ca$o tank.n a demical tanler are nomally d6igned to Gn/ .a$c of a high.r sFrilicsraviy $m m oil imk€r. son€tima ihe d6*n (ren3o' even diffe6 b€e€n tanls m the

Ar any sjvm r.nFratorc Noy riquid 8!erb, prssurcll€d rhevapourplsure Tne lquldwill hoil whs i$ v:pour pasur€ .quak the ertftl ahGpheric pdsu&

Mo{ liquids harc a d.6ned lRzins o. $ldih.aiion point, sonetin.\ dc*nbod as dEmcliins poinr S.he podod, su.h as lubri.aiing oil additives, v€gerabp.lyols d. do noi have a d€lh€d poini, bu t a frFzins o. melhng rrnsr For such .algtE,virosity is urd as a m6ufmmt of the produd's liquidity or hmdlrn3thc tm Arr p.id n u*d jn$sd. crl8G wirh a n{zing po'nt highcr rhan rhe anbrnrrdp€ntuft or $€ ship's tadiry arer will n(i rd & heatd i. oder lo Mah li'toid.

ftc stuctuE rid eqripmeni dr a ship nomally impo* a linitarion on rh€ ..mase ot heaeddryes Ex.€edin8 this liniraiion ould damase the enk .@bng or i6 eddF. [xc€siv€h.ai will aho cFate themal stuer, ,nd rho risr ot trr.kina will in.reae. (Noie tharmolerae hdt in(easa s@l *rcngrt ir is cxpdsion lo(6 that rr the innedirk lhiungrador.) cantion should be exer.ie'l whcn .rorjng high hsar Prodlds bRaue .a8o innon-insulat d pip6 and vens hiy r'rez and .l% the sydens. Heting aransmenb husr

Tre inJolmilon re8ardin3 hr s63n\ may b. r.md on L\e.l,sifnrm m@r_v! ed666dol rhe sNp, ud the lBkr n6r b€ lmilid w h Dy €tidim lld my be impl*] m loadn8hervy.arsas EspEially impotur s tne Gk of slac* lddins a bnk be.aE rhis.in lead ioslGhiry toIa nd may .aue dmge b Lhe isk shtu or i6 €qoipI]Md€igr .ap{ity m6r b€ stictly obs€ded: *.€lrIE ii is daryenc Noe lhar ihe aaot sp€iJi.siaviry and i6 laFour prcu( frust be orcdeEd nr8dhq

rn a do*n carso bnLr riqlid wrlLboirwho ihc vap.ur prcsu4 is cquar b rhcc{cn,llapour pc$ua plus rhc p(sur sertins or rhe pr*ure/vacuun (P/v) yalvc. 111c

'ank and

ve synpms arc dcsEncd io wiihstmd thc prcsun, plus ih. hydmstaric prc$urc or ih.caao. carsc thai cxcd rh. nonal ,hdsphcn. p4*ur ,t 37 rc 00dF) should not b€l6ded inro : bnk thai n nd spe.ially d$ign€d foi rhai diy. wne a P/v valve st poinr 6b€ va €d, rhe orNt string should b. condrm.n. Vot linc ayncms nui be ch{k.d forcondoperrhonatr.tI|,rintcfuals,assh.b!,|dafi,gecan63ilyeor bl*kiee du b rRzing or.a€. rapoft, polyms build tp, atnosphdic d6t d i.iry inadveEe wearher mndirions Flanc $Rns ar. at$ susc€ptiblc to blmhgc, which .an ciu*

Th€ hien.r ihc vapour prc$urc the noR vaFous will b. Eleasd, a raor P.renar Pddr!. .quiPnent.

b. oprlrbd in a.ordec sirh d6ign et ty pr(ruriom, ror eE(ple, pHsu€ iroideh6rin3 .oirr in rank nut b€ tepi hiShd rhr ih€ c.rso prsn, and any intrftpror bnksbdden hearing dm li.6 and rhe .$im @m muet br chEked rcaularty ro dete.r a.y.o aminatim. For edain cry€, h6nng.oils mBr b€ blanted ofr in acordam with rDc

uni$uLred crso pip6 urd lo hieh heai Fodutr p.s a flrther stuty nurd, as rh€y mayau* Pvere b!ft if buched.

Liqui& will expand a knp.r,be nss, d .mract when r.mperabE fans. sdncidr sp,en6i be anowed in tn. hr b a@mmodar€ any obic exp$ion dp€Gd duiry thevoyag€ A rtd tumula i:

rininsndo (% tuD)=1000 Rr) swhere R = efncimt ot expansion pa r (6on carso dara sher)

T = dpe-hd ndihun hp€ne 'ie

in ,€ (duriry voyag€)s = sreg mrgh, $ually 2% of tdl capacity.

var lire sysbs nost be.hek€d at regular intervah Their d6ign capaci9 h bas€d onvapour 0e onlyr srrudral danas€ may KUh ir lenr sysims b.rme lux or ago liqniddre ro thmal expamion.

vapour dos y n elPl*d 4rahve ro the dsiiy of :n, a5 heavie or lighrer M6r .hdialc,rgo v.pou6 aE lpavier ti,n aii. cadion mun fi@tore b. eEci!.d duriry @gooFradons, as vapour .on.mbatims art urely b (hr ar d(k tNel or in tows pac ot ca€o

S.lrbility is eipEsed in dit€mr waysi either as a sinple y5 or m, s dBhL or as,F€ffirage, bft arways in El.rion ro sarer. solubirity is trop€rarure dep€ndei. A .argo withlN $lubility will lorm a l,yei above or b€low r wrer hyer dep6di+ on ib 5F.i6c graliry.M61m$lubh cnenicais m liShb rh:n warn md will ndr on rop bor sm€ dhss, suchas chrorimred $lHrs, ,re heayier ud wi sinr b eE bonoh. chmi..ls rhat de heilierdw wdei a cn* a stuty rtk ii puntr(lns wh{ rhe overlyine wab is dbturb€d, andin d.ip trys Evd in caryo hnks fi€y my br bapp€d uder war{ in pnmp welts, and pG€ ada4s evm arkr dr ranl ah6pheE is 6hd and iarnd safe ro. dh].

cdain cr3as ap knom as sbtic ac.mulabts, .n'l h€€me elRhosbli.ally charsed whahandled. Tr1.y can a.tumul.b mo$h dwg€ b releas a spnrk dur ould i8nik a ,lanmabletai* ab6pheF. Tne prsltions n(ffiry to pFv€nr iSn ion r.n dft*.r.r cfiarsing are.drained in chipkr 5,.nd a dsriprion or ltF phenmdon p is given in Appsdii D

]1le vi@rily ol a 6rg0 dctcdins how eay ft is b php, and rh€ rm(Mt oI cidu. rhatwir b€ left rfi€r udsding. vi@eity is craEd b knp€nft and, in 35eral, a subsiane willb€cm€ la yi{oE at hBn r rnpsrtu€, bur rcte that .edin carse (such as luboiliddirivF) shos i(bs€d vissity whm heared IMo shdards define high and lsviKs y surEh.6, and r€qnne €€o bnk! thar h.v€ cmbined sub3k6 wiih a highvissiry b b€ pFwahed ad $e wiminas di$haaed to 3hore repfid lacilities.

CHAPTER2

En.tae.cy Tsinadf wr6 Gir wiH)

.r Mcam or a(rK (3ang*ays o.:commodation bdde6)

4 Pd6ds smokiry or inbii@bd

[IteL oI ott.r shipr rd B.rt]tI Tugs,nd other cclt alongside2 clher bnreE ai adia.frt berrhs3 Chmical brkr oFations ar smeral .argo b€dnr

oPdin3' rn D<khoa6 ma suP.Erfr.r!6

2.1o En3in. rnd Boiler Rdn.1 Cmbustim equiPmnt.2 Blowing b.irei tub6.3 Ca.go vapour

2,u stip/shon Inruhriry.nd E.nfiinsI hsulatin8.2 Ship/shorbondiry.abls

.2 Ass€ssdrof hdwo.L3 r'tparatims tor hot worr.,1 Che.rs by offer Bponsible for sreiy dlring hot wo.*.5 Adid on rompletion o, hot work

2.13 Un of Toorr for Snift Mrinr.'[..

1r4 Puipbonsrnd En.losed spr.es.l ca$opumprcoms

2.rB Firc rignung rn'l rir. Prdedion Equipn.d

220 Tanr cLrnins.nd c.s.'.eing

2.21 Con n un icaii.n Eqr ipm..rI ship'sradiot.nsmnsion.quipmcnr

GENERALPRECAUTIONS

mis.trpf.t d4ls with g.mt pdartitu rhid' slsrld b, d\s@d 6n o ch.niul t.n*a, jtt tlcttiFalth. dl8@ h.ing @ni.d. A.\miuL bn*z h6 tuny pddtht daryn, ttut th. n .1fu Mstmlligit tt n rcwied in th. dkndu tnin@oJdtu tuhb^ aad the sI,1! p@.du4 th,t rnEbda 6t4blkh.d. Aaiitimt l$tti6 kt tp4lic u'SRs oE da| tuith in dhzt .h'pk6

C,re and .ftntim shourd b€ givd b srdy pleuti@ ai alt tilm, toih in pon and at h.Tne c6ept o, siery 6Br shouid b€ ino.p.rahd inro ih. shipt op€hrilmt rnd a€ohrdliry manurs. Prid linledse ot a po$ible poblen usuny arbwe it b b€ .voidedthegh pRautisary planni.g or by *p ddelopMt ot &fe wor*bg pr{iie. poc andkmimls may sF.it ine ned loi additionil and difleFnt F@udotu. Ir is the mskr,s€pGibili9 b s dEl l&al .esulatim a€ undedod .nd obs€ded.

TlE lMO Cod6 requft tr.t .ei. inloltrrion m!6r be availade on bdd the ship t i e..hpaiidrai.a'ao md prior b rddinS. nE inlomarion st[dd iftrud€:. A tun d€ipnon ol rhe phy6i.at and ddial proFni6, ifttnding mdivity, t]€ltsry

. Coop.rihlity with dhE mteridls.

. Adim 60 b. iak€n in dE evmt ot sDilL d leal(6.

. counl€mesllE aSaisr.eid

. Fir fighrinS pc€dffi md tu exriryubhinS nedi..

. rftdue 60' drf,o trffif.r. br i ieff& 3a5 tRmS n,l barbsbB

'rre od i€chni.al lrme ot rlp .arao shoutd be.vril.bl€, ad only dg€ ror which rheship is apprv€d shouid b€ rdd€d. For lnos carg@ reqund !o b€ shbitis€d or innibn€d, rhe@rga slDult be Etus€d il m inhibit rd .argo difrare (a App.ndi! N) i5 nor spplied.

Ir b rh" upper. Rp@ib,rN @ prcv e rhe naHrry irbruu4 rtnch mr) b"given inbc bm or , ..r3o into'mtd ror n d,b rher lor aJ1 olEo tddina +.uld rclotrrlrue b€foe rhe dder b *tisned lhat the

'l€(€sry infolmrio 60r $fe h,ndling of dr

..rEo is available b rhe p.M@l invol!€d.

chenical ermimls aF otten lo.ated in ridal .Eas or riwE, wifi orhF 3hip6 p.$ins ar clordisbre, thc tuldng pnp€r mmring r signin@ stdyisu.t)leceqll@oradFdd bnrer ffeii3 ards r idry or bE!.ina away f@m . bdth.dld te dissrl*,

l l

esp<ially dutug a ca*. hansfer invohmg nulhple dilfeEn! .tunicals Cold and

Mdiry requirumdh and anangmdb ar $ua[y deknined by the ldarion and ih€layoui ol rhe rernjnr, supplemared by advi.e fmm rh. pirot.

Md;es shmld b€ eSurarry cheked and bnded b ereure dur rhey Fnain €fiecriv€ Th€mshr mould ensw $ai dnrinS cryo oF.rariN, s!fficienr pcrsniel are available for

251 MdE aJ at&t lgt"tMlt ot a.tuank'1rtLn 1odd.6)

PeMmel should onry R rhe dsiSnai€d neans or a..s b€eM ship ,nd sh.e, or beeen

wnm I ship is bedh€d, ar anchor or aronSside anotner ship, dE ms or,cs srould b.d@ b thc living a..mmodrhon, plaed .myeniently for supedsioa md iI pGsible awayIrom thu .a4o nanitold a6 CangwaF d other neans of affi should b€ Foperly s(uEdand pldided sirh r pfkive safety nd. sunabb lifevina eqlipmhr s!.h ,s, rir.buoyshould b€ availnbl€ n€ar d€ rc.6 point.

Tnc ship should previdc rowinS{if wi€, pady tor innediare ue widrur adj$b6t, ii.ae rhe ship neds r. he n.ved in d! .v.nr of 6rc or orher eneraency. h moi pod,emrBefty eing oll wia are firdarory lhd at a bedh

wna shtuld b€ pcitioned r.e ,nd ,fi d rhe o#shore side of rhe shjp. Tney shdld b€ inSood ondftion, or ad€quak nm3rh, and poperry *dtod ro the biB su.h thar tuLl rowinsloads .an be appli€d. Tle ey6 should bc mainrained ar or abour rhe waierrim h a Faid.nrhar dgs .an easily r6.h su(6.6t sl,ck b allow ihc tu8s b row eftRrively shdld b€

irlead, bur prs en&d {tun tunnin3 our by a mpc yam or

ly in e ror ngging enurgen.y r@ins{lf wiE, and ih.ananaencnr m.y vary rrcm port io poi A reminar $hich r€qona a prnidlai 6ddrd b b.used shourd advie rhe shlp &.ordhgry

DunnE darknG the means of aGs and the summdina aaas shdld b€ adegutely

PeMro who have no l%itirEk b6i.es on bGid, or who do nor possa L\e nEkr'spemision ro b€ theE, should b€ r€tuFd accs A a& list 3hould be provid€d to theteniml *urily Fr$mel who in a8@t wi$ the msrei stDddjerty d bedh b p6ple who an denmbde le8ftinak buins wim me mip.

1.r 4 Pd% smtjnr at intxietd

P.Mm€l on wakh on a .h.mi.al canis nu* sua rhat no one who ,s snoring apF@chsor b6rde $e sl p. smorjng an b.ard nsr only b ke pla.e ih dsi8nared snoking areas. nre.onpany p.liry on dru3s and alcohol nun be sbicrly enlorced.

t2

r€lmnmr ndie sho,rrd b€ di?l,yd in onspiaous plac m board, indiorinS $hepsmokins md w or mked l]8nb aF pnhibirld, and lhec venritario is n(6erv pnd b mf,v.

(harn!:lar.reminal,achmicilhnkershoulddisprayienponrynori..!atpoinsoric.* ro rhe ship, in EnSrish and orhs ,pprcpriak laJuuEA, b fdi.are rhe f. .sin8

NO NAKED LIGHTSNO SMOKING

NOUNAUTHORI5EDPERSONs

ingh:ndred prsen(a healrh hazird, fuihcr notic inapFropnak languascs should bc prominpntly displayed sbtinS:

WARNINGHAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

Lmal naiional or pod realrarions mav ftqune ddiidrr notics, 'nd

su.h requirenenb

27 | russ qrd dhft nol1 alaryir

.gside and ihe dlnti.n or ften shy shouid br kepr rd :m inimun. SubiEt a l$ to pod authodiy mguli fions, only a urhori$d .ra n hav ing ih€pemssion of rh. esp.n{hre .tfie!, 3nd whfc appricrbrdhc i.minal rcprcanbrirc, shouidbe permlr€d ro.one aldSside or remin alonSside a .hemi.al hk€r khile ii is en3a8.d incar8o opcratioE. Il M unauihorilrd dafr .oncs alongsid. or operai€ in .n aipa whi.h may.rede a danSer, I sh.uld be rtp.ded b the P.fr aurhofuy ind, J n(!asry, crrso b.nsferoperarim shourd .easP.

'lt'e dponsible of6.ei sholld iturtud penmcl nanning 'ny

.ralt,longnde rhai dE en€stery F8uralioN th.t apply on rhe.vcnt ot a bra.h of the Eaulations oltratioro should b€ sropped, and should nor be Bhrtedun6|thesnuad.nhasbenmdesale

2.7.2 ahr htk ^

ot adtomt t tth.

Evm wha no.ar3o operaiions are bein8 undenaken while ar a teminal, d.ns.reusconotations ol .aryo lapour mry be en.ounbred ,f c,rso or b:ll,$ h,ndhg, intd& bnlrlernin8 .i g,s l@i$ op.rrtioB aft b€in8 .ondKred by anothq hnk€r ai an adia.enr beihln so.h.i(umdd€ apprcpriah p

2 7 3 Ch.nindt talkt rpnatirn\ tt gddtt ttla b.ihs

Whse .hemi.al ranks op€ntions ned b be ondfthd at a€neral ca'Ao benhs it is unlikelydEr p€Mnnel an su.h bedhs sin b. lamiliar wiih ih. tull rmAc ol snfeiy rcqui4ncnb

1l

r€laiiq ro p$jble u@ ot igniti6, d rfiit ams or o$er equipmr wil onply widr theFquiEtlmh lor rhe dA*n ,nd isbllahon or €ld-tiical equipmdt in hnardds afti.

Tr'€ msd my ihaefore hive ro isirt o. peauhm3 additional b tnop -r

our in thisduphr. such pRaurim .ould indud€ ahi.ied vehicolar d.e$, cmdablc b.did,add iml fi€ fiShting equipmmt and otul of blt€ of Bniion, bgenpr wiin resti.iionsan ihe mv€.mr or Soods and op€iano. of orgo h.ndlins €,ruipnml

MGt dmi.al vaPl* aF hervia ihm ai. $ Gllo vapoux FleaFd duin8 lmdin& ga fteingor Kidmbr spilrs my lrlltmrae b red,@3 6 dEl6Fci.[y in .odihm wlh 1ftle d mwind. sbra wind my (Mr€ ltr pl€@ m fie l€ side ol d6*nol6 or.rtE shd6, anlrhrby a@ vrFur b b. died h rhrt didio. P{]l:lrlml s\dld b€ aied b ei!\s pcsibillty

DurhS ele.ri.ar sroms h rhe inmediai. viciniry or the ehip, a operarioB thar my €volveoamble vapours should b€ sropp€d, inclnding tank danin& gas fcing and ballasrins.

During eld wdrhei pFautioB should be hko b prcvor equipnor and syeems tnmfipzinS. AMrid sho,rd be ervm b p'Ehad. varv€ ,nd sntur sysbns, fire 1ine5 andhydrmk, shrm dnven equipnmri ca+o harinS syshmsi pftslrelvfitted, heating rdrngelMb should b€ used. Any wahr that his ollRi€d in a sysem shouldb€ drain€d ofr cmli$ warft sys&ms shadd b€ dosed k,rh ed,re.4 or draincd

water in a fiE main or 3pray sysen should b€ cn.ulared ontinuously, where p.siblcqHiar admrion mEr be paid ro €n€rsen.y showea md eyew,sh sbn@ b ensurd dE

Regul.hont requiE rhd window6 and Ponhols in ihe supeNhdue wirhin r .edai.disbn@ ol the o€o,ea nut tut op€n, ,nd that op€nines aE pGitiond ro ninini* theposibility or vapour arry. Th€ dsign t€ature must nor be modiried in any way.

AII do6 (eiepr whd b.;B 6!d fd acs, pdthol6 and othd op€ninss should b€ keptclosed during car8o opemtions Accomod.iion dmB ihar have ro b€ kepr Fmanmdyclos€d whd in ood shdld b€ na.le.i. but thev sh@ld not b. lad

NoRshrial nshmical vsrihtion of inbml compaimnb slbuld h€ sropp€d, .nd airdnditimiry unib ope.ared on clo&d cycle or sbpp€d jfihde c any pssibility ot roxic dnamnable vapdr b€in3 draM inro the aNnmodadm.

1.10.r coibllk" ?qtipml

B.ild tub€s, lPbr6, enud nEiloL:ls md onbstim equipmr should b€ minhined ingood onditio as a ptr.ution agairor lumel fi6 and sp.rk. In th€ F5pa'*5 aF emitled frcm the ntrel @r8p op€btios involving Sambl€ p8ltr should b€sbpp€d m4 d e4 m€ colle slrul'l b€ alkrqi b psmt sparks f.lling dro de .a4o area

14

Pumcl upbl.s dd bojrer rrb€s shourd not be blown in pon Ar pa they shdutd on ty bebl(*n ii .ond,tions when st win be blown .lerr dr thc bnl dd*.

Ir is inp.ndr dEi nanhabr. d roric .a8o vapour dms ..r ener the

conrins.n.y plms should b€ pftparud n, rhe posibit y of in addenr or an ener8d.y rh,r.ould 8i!e ie b a sitoatm sh.F roxn or tlanmable vrpouc aE lik€ly ro pnrd rhen.chinpry spac cdde66.n shourd b€ siyen ro rhe posibte effd rhar such vapour cnfym,y h,vc on peEom€l or rhe opcia&,n of equrpnenr. Any n@sary prev€nriv€ ,c6onssh.U|dbebken,5u.ha5iso|atingihesme'd6i4:eFy5andop€ninm{hini., ventilation synds or nrin nachinery oi ela.larion of the sru.6

In .rdei b Prolide prcHDn .grinst sbtic ddrn:l dk.h,rge (rrcins) durins .arso hospnnrl should hav€ pEurtd ihar h.* *nnF and meral

'd! ft filcd w h r icul{iry 0ang. or a sinsre rensth of non<ond

ereri.al dik.nrinu it besen the sh ip and shor Al I heial dn ihe €asa d sid. ot rheinsularingseiionsholrdbeeledi.aIyconhnuous ro rhe ship, and allnebton rhe t.ndwa.dide should bc cl€bic ly.onrjnuoN hr rh.jetry eanhins syd€n.

The insur.iina flan8e or ihe si.8le lhSrh of non{onductiry hcp mustor eiaiple, an exp.s.d metrl llarye on rhe seaward sid€ or rhe insularing flanEc or hNle$rh sh.lld not iake.odad with thc jcrty dndurc diRrly .r ihough ho{ hrndlinsequipncni. n crpl.n*ion or ihe pi..ers B g,v!$ m Appmdix D Ll2

Itsho d be n.ted rhar swi(hin8 otf a carhodi. pmhdion synem r mt a suh$iturc to rhcin$alarionof ininsurarinSflanSeora le$rh.rno..ondu.hnsh@.

7.1r.2 shrLhort b.ndtnt btts

A shiP/shde hidns (ablc E not eft{riv€ as a qfety devi& and nay be danserow Aship/shorc bondiq tabre lh.urd rheRfore noi be uscd.

Allho!!h lhe Dotentidld.nqes ol usinq. rh'D/rhore bondine(able.rc wid;ly re.;snis.d, .flen-tion i.drowin to tfre ldcrth.t bom; n.lioE .rc widely re.o8nis.d, .ttention i.drdwn to the fdcrth.t bomc n.lion.l

and lo(al recul . t ionr m.v\ t i l l requirc. bondinscable to b.(onre(ted, l {abond inS ..b-1. i3 i nsisreJ upon, it should fiEt be-viru.lly i n\pFt d ro \.?,bondinr..bl. i3 insisred uron, it should fiEtbeviru.llv in\DFt d ro \.?,drb6r io$ible, rh.r ir n m_p(hrni(allvand eledn(atlv s;una Th€(onneclion ooint for the ..ble shouldl€ well.le.r ol G. manirold if,.There sholfd alwaw be a 3witch on th€ i€ttv in s€ries with th€ bon.linccable.nd ofa typdsuil.ble for us. in nizarto8 aieas.Il is inoonanr -alwav3 to enrure that thc iwitch ib in the oDen Dobilion befocionn(tinsordib(dnneftnB lh. ..ble. Only h hen the(,61€ i;prcperly sc(urcd.nd in-smd (ontactwi th theshipshould theewi l (h be( lGed. Ih€ (ableshould be; l td(hed beloethee€ohoses.reconnected.nd remov.donly. f rerrhehGB h.ve b.m dis.onn..t d.

15

lu is anri.ipahd thar @n.6 and op.rabB of cheni.al bnrec si isu€ cl€ar guidame rohoi so.k on bcid while rhe ship is in s,ie. The

t llow$s 6 mhndd b assisr safeiy by indicaring p.inopal areas rhat sho

Hoi w.rk m6is any wo* requinnS rhe ue ot eldic arc or gas wctdins €quipmenr, .uriinabumer equipnent or othel foms oI naked 0ane .s well as sFrr Sftraring rNls lr ovesau such work, rs.rdles oI wheF il n cadied our d boad , ship, includinS op€n dRk,ma.hinery Ntu .nd the eryine mn.

Rl9rn work oubide rhe main aSine rom which nF6s arca hor wor* should onry b.unddrars when it is renhal tor ihe efety or inmdiare opdadon o{ rhe ship, dd whs noaltcmarire rcpat prmduF n p6ibl.

Hot wo& ouiiide rh€ ensme rom (and in rhe engine non whd ,Mi.rd with tuel orrubricdion sysbm) nu* b€ pbhibied unril rh€ pqui'?mnb or mrid,t tegElarid and.dEr appli.able resulations have ben md, $tuty snsidsatim iakm ihoi s.rk pem n has b€en issued Tnis may involv€ the msrei owno/sontador, reniml Fpr*nbrve and pon rurhoriiv as appopnak

Hor work i. pofr ar i chenical kminil is nornally plohibil€d lf such work b€.omeses-nhd ror satery oi u4ent op€iatioml ne.ds, then pod md remimt ftBuhinins hun beofrplied with Full liais.n sho urd bp enabbhed $ ith pod and trmini I au rho i6 b€lor€a.yaork$dand.

2121 ^si$tttt

ol hrt !o*

Th. miner is aponsibl€ for deidhg wheiher the hd wort is junified, and wherher it .an be.onduced efcly. Hot wor* in rF6 oubide ine engine room should nor br shdcd unril aprftedu& has beei diruss€d and agr.d, .nd ih. masrpr has inrorm€d rhe ship! own.s oroPc or of derails oI $e worr inbnded

B€r.re hd wDrk is sbded a sfety nfrting under ihe chahmanship or the tu3r.r nu* b.hcrd, ri shich the pranned worr and $e s&iy p4.iuhms rp .arcIur$ di€wed. Thenedng shord be atbnded ai lesr by an thoe wh. s ill hrve rep.nrbiliiies in .omNrionwnh rhc k.rk An ,8i€d s'ndm plan for ihe worl an,l rhe rulared $tutv pre.adims shouldbc m c. rh. pran nusr d€any and onambiSuduiry dc'sn'h oe oftiar (ho is apansibler.! thc supcryrsion of the worl! md amther oIfr€ who i! respon5ibre for sfety pRaurioEand .onmuni.ario.s b€tum all padi6 inrolvcd.

A flos chri b .sd is shown oppcik

All pcMnnd involvdd in rhe prcparations rnd h dE h.r work oFration nun b€ bri€ted andinskuded 6 th.jr osn rclc They mui .le ly udeBhd whi.h offcs n repdsible rorwork srpedhi.n :nd whi.h ror sfery pre.aurions. A wridm hor l ort p€rmir shoutd b€isu.d ror €a.h inrpnded i,sr. The p€mii should speiri rhe duiaron of vatidity, whichsh.uld noi crc&d r worling day An *ample or a hd wdk pemil n Biven in App.ndir P.

2tzt rrryrmhon\ h' hd '@tkside a .onpahsr untit t has ben cl€aned and

rcniilar.d T.sb of rhc aimcph.r in rhc companmeni shou ld in di.ats 2l % oi ySen dnhnrby ldluhe, rlann:ble lap.ur a6 l.v as pcrble bur nor mop rhan r% LFL, and ihar rhp.ompadmenr ir rip flon ioxn 8es x n imp.dant 60 onfinur vlrrirdtion durins hoi solk

.n ihe opd der unt$ rhc ur is fre fr.m nammabtevapou and an .onpadnenh (indadin8 d{k bnrs) sihin a sp4ified ldius ,rdnd theworkng ar. hare ban {ashcd md fKd 01 lhmnabL v{our md/or jncnrd conpany oiMiidn:lrceuhinJtumaygiveguidan.ednth$dntan@lfnosuidan.cisarailablc,thcnrhc

t6

Hot workTtb flsch.n a$um€s ih€ Mrk@pabllliyotrlEthiP, and that it

ir .oneid€red .$.nri.l for FleV.antur b. d€f€.Ed until the ndr

or th. h6.dirt€ oper.lionalplann.d vnit to. Epri. yad.

t7

Nr slu4e, .argo inpr€Anad s.are, edinenr or other mdsirl lrely b Biw orr namnabL mbxic rapour, BpRially wha herd, should be moved lon m aFa ot at lsr 10 metuaound all hot woik. All combustibl€ naterial ruch as iculation rhould eiihfl bc Ehoved orpbMed fllnher

Adiae.t omparbEE should either b. cldred dd g$ d ro hd wor* shdad, n fredor d3o vapou, b nor mE ran 1% LFr, &d reF imd€d, r onpltrly rilled siih wai.rNo noi woik slbuld b€ uded.}.n i. a conp.tut b.neith . d<k ianl h re.

liodd6cdrl1!nnm..dFcmt conp.tumb thar aE nd 3.s IR.

An adFed fEr oir bunks hk my b€ .mideftd satu il e sina a ofbGrible gaeindicaror Eive a reaaing ol not mop dun 1% LFL in ihe ullage spae of the bunkr bn& andno heat brtufer thougn 0E bulklEd of the bunler tan* will be .au*d by rh€ hor wdt. No

All tipelic inEtumeting {irh er3o spa.es should be nwhed, drained, ven!€,l andi$lar€d Ibn the cmpaeeft d d{r ara whs€ hor worr will iake plae

Hot work on pip.litus and !alv6 sheld dly be pemittrd when the ih needin8 Epair hasb.€n dtrrhed fron rF s'sbn by old worr, and dE iemaininS systen branLd orf TlE ibto be worlad m should b€ dmed md Eas te€d ro a sran.tard rhar n sle tor hoi wor(resfdle ot rlHher or hot it is rhov€d liom ihe haardous citto ara.

All other op€ntios utilkinA rhe .algo or brlla* sys€n should b€ sropped betore hor wor* isund€tuken, aid throughour the duhtid of the hoi work. lf hot wor* k iniempkd for .nyreason tor an €xrended p€rjod, hot n prdatioG hivebe€n rRhEked fld r new hd wor* p€rmfi h.s ben issued

2.12.4 ctptk by alffr t6potibk ft sl?tr,1tnry ]tt Mk

Imhdiar€ly bttoE hor work is sraned, the of6c. ftspoNible for sfety pHaurim should$ a .onbudible gd

indicabr mow not more rh.n 1% LFL, rnd, if rhe work is iBide .n enclosed sDre, rhat theory8en sntdr is 2r% by volum€.

Adequab6Etghtin8equipmentm$rb€l.id dtand re y for inmdiak ue. Fie wahhproeduB n$t b€ 6bblbhed for th€ a€a ot hot wo!* .nd in adFMr, nd-ineftd epa€wh€rc rh€ tffifer of tuat may c€re a haad. EffRtive m€ans ol mnhining and*tinauimina weldins sp.rlc and nolh sl.s nwt be etablisk.

TtewartaE nuibead€qmrelyandconrinuoBlyvenrilaed Flamn

Tr\e {requ6./ wjlh whic}' tF ah6p ished. AbGptuGshould b€ pred ar psular i.eFals and rfh dh bMk in wdk pdiods Chel3 should b.mde fd tlamnable vap@d d liqlids, i.'jc Ee 6 inet Brs tim nm Aas kR spa€

r letdina rpparrhs and othd equiplmt to b. $ed 6hould b€ carctully tnrped b€foE ach(casion of w ro m3ure that il is in gpod codit'@ and, shde reqon€d, ctuly 6rihed.Speial aitention musr b€ p,id ro €leic rft equipmnt b cw dEtl. Eldricar supply onRtion6 .E m.de n\ . 3r5 trr 3p@.. Exbtiry3upplywfingi5ad€quiebdrryL\eeb.eidcurFntden' €dwi$our

oven@ding and on*quenr he.rla3.. Fluible eledric..bls laid a@ the dek have h6d iGulation.. Tn€ cable tuut b th€ work siie is oE sf6i pcible o.iy pasin3 der Aas rre or inened

18

)1r\ Arnr lt rtrHi ,.1rnt ,a,k

I he work arei should be kutud,,nd iLlspNialcquipnctrr uf'i shoull b.remo\rd.lresbps .wnd or opcraiof should b. hntrned of the onptt hon ot rn ho

ArrhorghSri brininsmd rh. u*o orn.lnr y (Dsjdcrcd1.. . , ,p. , , . T.For o i . . .p,1 r{L J. ,

hc hoi work pcrnrir h{,irihte (5fr AFFmdir p)

Thc worr :tui rhourd noi ht subj(r ro vrpolr ietd:* .r i conenrarinb!s!btemar.rial.Thcap.' 5houtd bc sas trcc, ind iers

ottd 8t!ei readDgotnor moP thamun norbdaL.nFide* emrnal Thep mu{be..drso,bunkcrinF, biltiding, r'nr.rein nsorsi\ frein8 oF€mons f prcsnss

The hoppcr rid h6e nozzle of a gnr bh{in8 ma.hf. rh.uLd be etedricaxy .anh.d ri rhe

There is a iiskofperfoGfionoipip.tinG when!tubli*inxor.hipFins,and gfrr.itu musbe raken olcrpr.rnninltsd.h work caryoind nrpn gispip.tiic!shoutd noib.btisr|d.f

rr. ihip n s,s tR

Adequih rin righrinAeqojpndrshould be liid our d tu.]!1v n' 'mmediar.u{.

l]]eeothrnd (rrssuch ischippinrg hrmfrcF inLi witcF nT n.?l prepari f:ndmanne.a..c mav be permded wirhouii hoi work pern'n ftqr u{. ntr(k arc.sand firri,rSsnordin.ede ., rhoutd o(rb.n[i\-irovrpou.rro,$orrconentaiion or..nbunrble Irpour Th. r.: shorld be gis rre indcle.rof.ombr{ibbfr4€rnLTheremunb!n..ar8o,bunkdnns,ballashns,rank.leanhSoi8is fRinsopcniions in pb8As

woik o. !:i3. piPcLincs and ,nen 3

caiSopumploms, d!. 6 rh.n k.irion,d6i3nandopcraftnr,.dnsrituto. pair.utr hi/rrdand therlorc n&ssibr. spc.i.l ptr

a R , Grr. h.\ ;Flnsys&ms.onrorlcd fomoubidc. B{aGe dr the porentiir

tor ihe prescnc. or c 3ovapouF,ru.h fa&s $durd belshLrr\t forb"Ide dn rennS

'nd .pe!,!ns ihe .\lu ipmcni inside only alrhorisld p

Ldkitr df h,ii liquds and ffipli of dic vapouE shouH arHys b. susp&rl b<ru* org.pumpmN mhin a l,+. nunb.r of flrn$5, urve 8hnds, pmps md ouplinSs. B..au*pumFmm ar mlo$d spiG, rh€ omnrari.n or bti. :nd nammbre vapou$ in rhcirah.sphea frrght rie b driseour lcv!.ls rn ihe evsr of tump ar pip.tine tst ig., dtupumpmm armosphee n6i be i6t€d n n:nn,bre.nd roK Qpousapprcpriar. to.a€G|Rrdy handl.d, md r6c pmpron shfr,rd onry b€ dtunrr if riund $tu rf liFv b(tonlr

19

s+nrrl b.nre r stu.tmdph.n is sbblislRl, tull pdnJ pntrtive gqoipmdt mlst be s.n.

CJ€ohqu,dsrrom ninor l€ks should nor bo aLlos cd bac.umul.hin punprem bils$ l{i.nulieln pli.., rhem k th. pcsibilly or lnsuspeied vapouBrom rdm.r.arB(*b.ingnleap'l ahen ihc su iccofIhcbiLxcsatcrisdisturbd.rnpiii.ularthisoulddcurwhcni

nd hervd rhan wrtr h,s lrin !ndc.rhcb,lg.w,rcrAdditionrly, whenpumpinBoui r..umuladl li+idsthercis. rkr.ra..iddtally miiiryanin.omparibl€ chmicrl with other .hcmi.ik akeady in i slop hnl<.

s1)ne.alaB aru n raLldwed r. be.ade'l in tanks *n.ed by mnventi.nalbebwnRk

Thos..nddd3Pra5inth..rqloa4ithJt,(notnonJ||yentcrcddthe5hip,such asb:lla{ tanrs, orr.rdamt du.r r!{h, pipg tunnlk drc., may n)nbinflammble or roxic vapouB or b. oxygcn dcri.icni. Tlrcy musr noi b. otered sirhoui i p.miirnd mly $tu^d il prdps vdhl,hon or:dcqu:t dp:.iy isprovidd Proper pdslurF io!enhring iu.h spa.es hlsr be Atablished and adh.rcd 6 le chapter I for derailed

At rll rin.s during 'li$haryc

lo ingandballaiinsoFmhon'ilongsid.abcithorarananchor:ae, the ship should bc {rdy ro! dcpirtoro * shod nohc in thc cvcnt oi anefrcrycnry Inc ship! b.ildn, nain d8ines, d!€dng machinery, mdnng eqlipmeni mdoiherequipnenr.s*nrjilnr manmuvringshould b. kcptin i ondihon ihir willpcmit th.ship ro mov. awry tom thr bcdh o dan@ wnh tminrl

R€prisrndoth.rw.rrwhi.hn:y imh.bili* rheshipsh.uld norb€ uwnhuut prnr, wrihd agrltr.nr with ttu temjml Ir ray ako bs .e.ery b obiainp€mision lrcn rh. l(d poi iurhority bclor ciryinE .ut 3u.h wor*.

navigation, as d6dbed in the ICS sidse Predures Guid€,any naugrtmal r66dotrs (rouhin3, fp.ding r€qrircmanc €i..)

It is the Esponsibililv dr $e mashr and (hoe in chrqe of baNfer operatims jnlohing .a*.or bunk€B b know ihe applicable polluhon paention Egulatnrt and r. sfte rhat theyaE nor viohd. Excrj€s €hould be h.ld 6 kain pecomel in aftodan.e with rh. applicablepolluhon .onri4lncy plr. se chapkr 3 lor €nersen.t epon*s and r€porhng

Ther is ituEasinS mn.em rbour an disha$es frcm ships inh the dvnonment chapter 4*ives d€bil€d advic. on cxistiry md anb.p'hd .onkoh.

"\odd.l"dy. be I ePr'r 3!'d wo'Lirg order te'hd Fgll"'h andue ar all tim€ (R chaphr 3 ed apFndix H).

20

Helimprer op.ralioN in cdndjon sith ch€mical rad6 are nor r.uri.e opc.ariont bur insR pons ft has bRome aiablished Fa.hc b embn* and di*nbark rh€ pilot byhelnoper, in paricular on lar3er h*e6 and i. bad ,6rher Hetiopreb€ permih€d .ver rhe.aEo bnk d(k unl6 all o$er oFrations have bM suspended and n11car8o rank openings.ld.d. w]le.eve heli.opbr seoices aF us€d rhe sardy m@su6rdnnod.{ m the ICS Cuide ro HekoDhr/ShiD Ootrarons should br ta*en inro accoui.

27a 1 Awt.n4 | rdditirntl hra,ls

Tink cleanina 3nd gas k€in3 are oF,6ons ih* ap tE,tuddy cani€d oor .n a ch.mi.albnkc! Trc nunebu dit€r€nr chdical piodlcis inrclved, ofien bxi. or mnGive or bod!my e!p.s ihe shipt p€mmel to addiiiond haads ol .ajga hllG or liquid, ,s wcll asiniury fnm worrjnS wifi dE exha equipmcnt s.€ ch.prer 7 lor deibd Srid:nce.

Cew taining is of rh€ hidrsr inpodana b arros und€Btandiq or $e hazards involved inihe operarioN, and in€ ned b bAponsibility b mure rhar rhe Fls']jml inv.rrd forrdw .oRr predups and nakeprop.f !e ot p€enal pmkive eguipmmt

2n7 u*rJk k.hantnsrydb

Tanr d€anin3 a3€na os€d on a .hehic,r tinkcr m./ b€ bxi., orcjvwhen heahd they my 3ive ol' nrftaihS fm$ Pek nnel handlins cteaninS aSmh shouldsear nesry pe6@l prdEhve equipnsl

2.21.1 Sh'P\ adk btnsnk ln.quqddl

Du63 dEdiun .nd hBh lr€querq radio rmhisic signiftd ederf n ladnbd, whici can.mte a da4s or iMdive spar*ins by induiry m elKbicar pohiial inTlp E ol nedium d N3h f,Equm.y min ndio lr@mi$id equipmt shutd dwf@ bepFhjbibd jn pod and dui.a ship ro ship ci3o l'mfa IJ is n@ry ro oFdr. rhe shiy's6dio in pon rotr mainteturc the agEmmt of dr hmiml and Fn aulhnftie shouid b€ nghr.

it or res, su.h d are !*d rd VHF/,rJHF radic oretellite equipddt, ar nor ocideEd a haz.d Th€ Epositioniry of srelliie aerials,however, may i.volve rhe ruming or nonipp@vd ddve roio6 wnhin a shft hararddszde and .dsulhrid b€sd rh€ imker md riF r€rninl is adli$bl€l.minaljsoperaled,

P€Mnal equipnar sucn as nobile r€lsphonB and radio page6, il swikhed d, Gn b€adivar.d cd€ly ,nd a harard can be g6erar€,1 by the alding or ..lling nRhanisn .n,1, in$e.d or nobile blephonB, by rh€ natuGr esp(re ro ansss rhe .all. rn view or rhewid8pffid R of such equipment, appnpn.h n€asu€ should h€ rakh b pdor ib Rwitnin the ca€o rrea visitoc aholld b€ infomed thar slch n€m shdld dly b€ rwieh€d on

S@ll battery powerd t e.al iteos eld as walche and hdnng a,& are tut significanliention $'llB whm odly ed. Howwa, ptrble domdc 6di6, eletd'iccalohbB, hpe Imde6..meffi md other m.'appsv€d b.rhry pow?red equipmmtsholld not b€ u*d in 0E ca€o area or wh@er oahndble vapolr tuy b€ en.o6rered.wnd in p.d, lrar reaurari'x nay prohibn m€ us of my podable ere.hicar €quipm{i.

21

CHAPTER 3

32 Aftndphm iI Ended sPrc

3J r.q{hn.nbr Enty

3.5 Enrryinbconbni.rkdc.qoT rr

3,6 Enky Aft.r contrmrtio. or. S.L Atn@phe

.2 Entry inio.a€. enks

.3 Frry inro adRd r?n6 sparab frm t}E cir3o EFre.

3, worl ln Endd.d Sprq

3J Rdu. INn Crr3o Trr. rn.r Orher Eturo!.d Sp.ar

ENTRYINTOENCLOSED SPACES

rh6 rhirtd sik srilatn an pdtdut6 i,l.uat ot flrmt"F d*y ita M olrhvd .pn ttut *rnt in tatnrt d,rty R al thaniot ktk E tntry aJ p!\htr1 htlt .o,so tank is r tu,ntn pn tilduflry tdlnrp.atiots,Md atdtto i"*rttio's 3tn*ott! mkt.p.e'rl rllownd fu this ThtIt ntuant irilatu is th*.tr4 inknn d b srpp,n .rmyv patic! or ,inng Mtl iwntiontphdra, anr uo,ttu rn? ,t tadnn olpmdMs.

!!hen it is iniodeJ rhar peDonn€t should aiei .r !o.k in an enclospdi.h, daily us, 3r.ar .arc should b. riken to creare and nafbin saL

.bc.r , r varr Lr , .nF. i r q. Nfron enrerinS $'(n spae5 rnhour preper supeflisim d

'lhcrence io aSRd pr@duEs tn

arn.$ every.ae thc rrialiry $ould hrvc ben aroi'led itrh€sinplesuid.nccin rhk *dion

The 6pjd reru..l p€enn€l who hrvc ollapsed i. d en.t@d spa.eprr is a hrna. isdi.n ro so ro rhe aid of a oldsue m diflicuuies, blr rar rm nrny additionaldc*hs have diuftd from mpukive or ill-pFpard llee afrcmpb. Tne huds andpraurions a$eiaic,l wirh entedng d $ orkins in odo*d sp:G are ourlin d in rhis .hapi€r

rhc no,nar ory8en reler in frcsh air b 2r% by volrne (trur 6N Appendn j 7.?).Un$nbninatrd iir w h a di8hny bwe!.!ysm .onc€nrarim .an be braih.d tor someminurA before rhe elfrs b{om€ apparmr. rf the oxrrsen supptv ro rhe biam is dcptcrd,vichns will rpr djzzv and have heidarhcs before tosing.driousn6' rhis is parti.ul:nyd:igrrcB h€.au{ rhey may nor R%nno that they are in daryer or b€ Gpabls of findinE rhe1? y ou r of rhe spa.d They iherelore b<one a ns k b themsch€ and othes. There is , dang.rof pomaneni brai. damagc :frer only lour minurs in a very oiys$-delicienr spa.a. Asucesnur rsu€ dcpcmis uPon ih

when ,n enclGd sp&. h hn .lNd and unvflrjl.red tor anv le.gih of tine, the inremalarnosphere hrv h(one unsf. roor b{au * ir .ontai6 onbn inrn b, or borh The ox ySen .onhnt .an bo ad uQd n*ura y byrhe Pr@$ ol ruiin8 or orho oxidisin& *hrh ,b$6s oxruen Inf $e a;, .r by thepresrt ot ined ga! Conhmin{ion cm .ome

'rdm $urc6 su.h is iore' De.omposition dr

animar md v€aerable oirs ,nd fa$, a pn.$ *.own as puiftra.tion (n Soins oft, .anlenously depler. rh. oxySo .onienr and evoke k,i. sas, marj.8 poper kndbrion or the

H!$Ncr, r pGiblc ihar an oxySen dericidcy n due io rhe an i. rhp spac being nnedapour car3o vapdur or ine( sas shoutd alrny3 bc

iniicip.ed in crSo ta.b, :nd r.aklge inro imnr d.kx.d +'.e *paraed from .arso

E

h nk by , single gas tiSht bullh€ad .hould be suspeed Sihila y, car8o v.pour or ined Ba sshould b€ saspRkd in my spa.e mtainin8 dt3o hfdling.r ined 8as equipffir

It is therefore vftl that nob.dy {e. enbn an d.l@d spa.e qithour btaihins appantosahGpheft ir stu and win idain so As , 34ral tulq

e.dosd spaes should nor be en€Fd ui 6s il is abs.lur€ly nssary

suii,bre notiGs sholrd be proniM{y displayed b wam and infom p€dmes ol enkriry enclNd spa.6. rn$rucrions should dedly explain fie pRaurim ro b€hken when enerins hn*s or other enclosed spac, and lishn8 any 6hi.hons plrcd upmine pernih€d worr. compry pd

orr one +ips, ther n no dor or hath reshi.iinA pass$ frem a pumprmm inh a du.td rd .an be rtaaided as beinS vmtir.red by the

pumFmn dtacror rrs N€ve hel6s, drry ot peMmel jdo rhe dud kpl shorld besubjd to a drid satety procdure invohins p or notitication to a Eponsibl€ peMn.

The enhy pemit shourd .onrain a clar indi.aiion as ro ib naxinuf period or validi6_7(whi.h mouH noi a.e'i a norml worki$ day), and $e maximm rimp $€ spa.e cm be l€lrunaflended (l hi.h should not er.Ed fou r hou 6) It n cniica I io ensu re tha t while I€r$nnel,re rthi : spre ihe lev€l! o, oiy8e. ed any mntamina.b af tnqlendy .n{ked, a.d arewihin srp limib. It iheE is my doubr, suihble bFad\ina appanru and peNoml prorRtive.quipm.nt should be qorn, indudins a lireline it pEchcable

I}le €pomjble olti€r should .onlirm rh*. Thc spa.e has ben thorcu8Ny ventilat€d by nabrrl or n<h'niol heans ro ehove :ny

toii. or tumrble 3,q, and b ensurc an ad€quate lev€l ol ox%en rhrcuShour rhe sF.c.. An pec(md enrednS ih€ spa.e are pnp€rly rained in enclosed sprc. mtry pncdurcs,

and ar faniliar wiih safery and enerEen.y prardure; they should be awrre or thdship's pr@drn toi isring an en.led sp.e enty p€mir

. A rli.ble synen of omnunrrhon hrs ben esbblished and is lndssbrn bo$ by rh@entmngihespa.emdbytnecpwmemb€rdandingbydrhc.nt .c.

. The appop,iare ofli.€r oI fi€ waich on rhe bridse or m rhc.Jryo.oensin. mm is awar ol the ercl@d spa.e enhy op.n6ons.

. Ree eqlipmd (indudinA lil€lins and hamss) in,l bbthing apP,ratus aft readilyavailablc, md reuritation €quiPheni is PrePartd.

Th€ ftsru ntr€drs should cl€arlv st out hos b nis the alam andANs ro rh. spaa .onen€d, deployndr .l ae^ e eqaipne.i a.d .omnunicarionbcMen rhe emet3my pady rnd ommand .cntc should alo be anary€d

Prior to allowi$ peGonnel h entrr an en.loFd spac, an trtq, Fmii should be i$u.d Aneianpl. or rn tftLsed spa.e Entry Penit is provid€d in Appendix Q.rhai ii should be st.ed by rhp nasbr or a aponsible otfier expre$ly

'lel$ar€d by hin.

ln the event of em.rcenfl, under no .irmstdccs should.n atl.ndins.rew mdber enter i[€ s6d.e beior. helo hre fiived rnd lh. eiru.tiori

has b.en evaluated, io eNurc the 3af€ty of thoe..rryina our rcsae

26

B.n c ihc spice is eniered should b. rho$u3hly ! !$ h r.rd Th. rimerh.rough vdhlrdon dcpods upon ih€ sia or rhe spare, the .rp&ry ol rhe sFrT u$d, rhc

idq ol thc vmtilaiion sys€n

oftd rh. !Dr.c hrs bM vnrilared, rhe ainGpherc sh.uld b€ ch(*d as followsl

Thc oxyEen onienr shourd be s,mpled wnh a su,bble and Fljable dekro. 21% oxySanG rqu&d lor cnfty ltc prin.iple ol reas,ring the oivsen l*el in an endo-d spac,dd inrearcbtbn of the fisure obiained, mu$ b€ rhorouS y mdecro

be3th,bl.butdonottherelvessudainlirp.Tlieeror,.onfrminsiharrheoryEcntcvslin a larmparhdr is 2rl, ensuRs ihar rherc n no maior .onponent or the ahGph.fu rhrrn n or an. Nev€nhers, d\is may n i ei.lud 3 bace vdm6 or roxi. vapouB.

ff a nammable .a4o v:pour marr be prRnt, a .ombu*ible gas indnausd. A conrenr as low as practi.,blq bur nevcr noE than 1% LFL, is Fquiftd for enby.

ll a roiic gas hav be pr*nr, rhe ond roxi. E$ der{ror should be u*d t .hek th,rihc l.vel is b€low rhe saf€ op€rabdn,l erpo$ru timii, dependinS on rhe naiuF .l rh€Prevtuus conrmk of ihe sPa.P.

r m mrur5 beror hsb emdearhe Bls a4 ohprdd. sanpling ih€ arnosphere mav requift rhe use of bredhinS app arusA nunbei .r safrpres froh diffemr t(itions nay have ro be iaren bespac ..n bc iudS€d sare Readiqs shotrd be bkcn ar {veal tev€tsSuspetd vapou6 which h.ve a relarive vapour deniilv srsrer rhan rhat ol air will bc loundat thp b.rbm ol any spae, and iho* ihat hav. a relarive vapoul dasity lss rha. rh* .r ,nwill bc round ar rhp iop of a spa.e. vapou! ,ill 3ho end io rcmain where rh€ yenritathE

:nnprinS and measurm€nr should be dme by pdGonnel hained in use oI rhe equjpnar,a.d sufficienrly Lnowl€dseable to udenhd the 6!xs obbined It 5 vtul ihar rhe .ondindllndh are u*\i. A ohbu*ible sas indic.ior will nor measurc an ox$d defi.ienry, norin,ricih rhe pr*n.e of bi. aas.r th. prM.d of nanmablc v{our in in€n sas Anah6phd€ eshns .quipmmt uPd should b? oI an approved type. lr nu* be .orredlymintained, pFparcd 60r us in ,(ordanc wiih ihc manutactuFr's Buidan.e, and regubrly.hc.rr6hd againn nandard samples.

Even arbr a sPle has b&n tude sas lie and ioud to conrain a Epipnkcb oI gas shourd arways b€ suspebd. carg. rsiduet hay bc nrpp€n in tan* oarinss orf r.sidurl sale cmerahm ot r:pour shorrd atuays b. .onsidd.d p.5sble evfl aher be

sn moviNaromd rodiffcmnr pas ofa iank or.omparh.ni, or despndjnS ro fi€ l*€i pad afier worr in the upps part, should cnainalsfr b rhe e$ible tuid for tuihe

Unl* ,ll .(sry $req p@auriorc..n be forrowed, spae mouu oniy be enhrd bypeMmel searing breaL\in3 apparabs, appropnft p.odon .s'ini expGur ioaamablc, toxi. or oii6ive caBo vapouB and, ir pra.tj.able a lituline.

h.heni.altanre6,op€rationalenkyint.a4obnk!nryb€requiredbefoEtheahosphere

'srem should eisr ro ensurt erety rhm!8houi any

opsahon whd enty of r cotaminatcd calgo tank, or one suspeded ol tpins conhminar€d,

27

Th. suidana m ttns srion b i.6d€d tor ax sitoaliN whe€ it n inrmded ro enhr a sFaerhai is n.r in d:iry ue by p€Fnnel on a ship. d is usuauy keFi .lced. As such, ir deyrib6puedu€ dd wiu ensor€ peMal saLiy in every .ase.

3.62 Eah! inta ftgr tont$

On .hmial tnk€B entry oI p€rml inro .a4. bnlle 6 a doe .mmoon .il bnksi chenical tan*e. oF€raror insh'crions ofrm mare sp(iar rrro$anG for rhiswho desribinS puedurB for mry inb .,rgo bnrs Tlp inhrim ioiprEhrcly rcurine aeni io dhrad everyond's :frdron, bur equ.lly ro ensure rhaiadeqrate .heks ae onkFnho$ly nade an,l rerord€d. lt n Ashbal thd prftTdua pnainsufficid y nringor ro 4fte rhe efeiy.t F.Mnncl, bur rn.or e dhruprire thd busyptMnnct who are frniliar wirh rhe work b€nmc inclined ro dsregird rhem. openbs mayihseroie find ir deedidr b isue addiiional in{ruciions rhar a.hieve rR.3lrd ro ca$o ianl arry doriry .a4o dpe.ahons, bui iEisr on a non padnullr pnedureat othe, hn.s and tor uusual 4r4 inro orher .nck\ed soa.s u is a ko cspn rial rhat theshiPt sfcry nanasemmr systrn is nbun moush ro mre €flm rh

A system lh.uld be in place ro indicate which .ar8o hnrs ae sale r.i dby by mai*hg (oria$ing) of appmpriare bnr( dq h,rhes Thc frarkinS should be uMmbiF.us, ,ndprRiups should be su.h rhar absde or rh€ na* wrr fo6rd mbr

Reshi.ti$ rhe isue or enry p€fris, iu.h th .ll cal3o hnrs whi.h ae sa& ro enb areshown on one entry perni, nay be romd ro sifrpriti rhe paltr adninchdion, avoido*rl,ppin8 permib and rhe pcsibiliry of contusion as b whi.h pemi rpplis b whi.h rdk.If su.h a syiem k us.d rherc nusr be ngoous contml ro ereuF .an€

f an mmed bnksaE.ordlyr6t nso that an eftdiv€ steNion ol a pcdod ol vdidity dc not {ldr by d.riuh. n wil beparti.urady inpodni ih,t it is supptmdrrl by nakina or rank lids wnh notiG indicarins

Irop€.tion or cargo bnks 'ftei

dcaning .nd belor€ lGdiry .fl rc+ire an independenrsureyor ro mrer rhe hk An rerevani tank enrry po.rduH mui b€ o6pn€d (a s€dim

) 6.t tittu iito adNd 'pa,^ 'tpd'ok fan th,.r'30 vhd

otr cheoj.al tankss, oh] inb enclNd spa.6 s€pa6b rrm dE or3o s)3rm should beon as on all oth€r ship 9?6, and lamilanry wiih piadi.e

in .argo rdks should nd b€ anow€d ro induce any s@ or cohd.ocyreondddcd rhai a Fmit to entsr is always ari.hd b a siryre compatuLPftparations tor ency should br Fdrively aftnded ro. md pFp6iboning or rcyueappararus n€ar fie hrry poinr is Rommaded

No .oItdd'n, ballan bn*, peak bnli Iurl or lubric.rins oil tar , l€hnoi .ontinuoBry oF€n ro a pumpmn, void spac4 a@ tunL o. any other od@d spac€.hould be mteed unles all rh€ pRautios liskd in sRtion 33 aE sti.dy ob&ied.

Th€ principar dan8ft in su.h spa.6 is fiir Nting has d€plebd th. oryg6 onrflr ot lheahGpls€ to rh€ poini wheP ir cald suppod lire. Howatr, ii is ab. pBible rd cargovapour or inert gas to leak inb such spaG and rhe ahcpneE shdld rheFfon b€ clEkedtor boln oxy8o cmrent and dlao vapdi b€ioF drry. The IBC C.de ftquiB , .ap.bility bvmtilab rll such spaes wh@ .a4! or or3o vapou my all:mcb.

2a

wnih perblml aie imde rhc spic, v.nrilarion sholtd be onrinued and rhe dmosph€renonnor€d ar FaL,rar inred:rs rr peMnnet beain to fel dizzy or 6w€I thcr, should 1.av. rhesPa@ ,i on@ Frequflr ahGph€re kb sh.uld bc ndc, appropriare ro rhe w.tr ii hand orroany.ha.SeinmndihoG rn p,rb.uta, r.ns shottd be hide betore cach triity Fsunptionof su* T6b should be $ aionged rhd rcadinss rcprcenraiive of the .ondiiion ot ihe cnrin

rtbrnom pnciia in some rade5 for rEronncl ro b€ sr inio a.,rg. rank bcins dr nedor,iin:l ind ve8eiablc oils or fab, in oider i. swep 6e fin raes rowards rhe pump$dion. lanjrialitv ]rh the pEdl.e shour,i .or .b{t& rhe porenhal d.ngeB oI ca$os.r.rard rap.uB oi an oiySen def,crenrahospherc.ueofa perstutrtrm shouldbe

Even ar(er a ca4o rankhasbd.reaned, rhcrc wi almysb€ a possibilrnainins, which.ouLd bei soureottrnhernihnableorroxn gas sp..i,t sr nu$

tine or e,tuipndr in: bnk F open.tl rp,rnd idd ionalhs6 should bp fad. rf liquid or vaF.ur esapci rhe bnr should b. eva.uicd and norrinered unti I rhe .ntnc i hosphere hrs :8iin b(n found ro be safe when rsov, nsdud8e, e,le .r \.Jimcni lrom an en.tospd sPlce pernjdi. sis r5h should be undenare!ind conrlruous leniirarion shourd be miinriincd rhrou€holr rhe *nod thc space is m.upi€d.

lll,enevej .ar8. puhps, pip.tin€ or valy€s arc r. be openeti, ihev shoutd ti6i be cteaned and8as rred Many .hemica I ianreG hare indjviduatoryopumpsand plpelfcsd.dic,hd ioea.h .{3o rank. How€ver, ships wi$ fii€d .arso rin.s rhii are comnonshourd bke tu{he! p(rauhos io i$laF rhe bnk where the work s bcinc done. To avoidimdyenent operatidn, !rke5 on al prtelincs sc^ in8 rhe spa.e should be {ared

Hd n orr in an tuLEd spa.cshould orly be.ari.d outwhenallappliciblc rcEutarionsrndsafery rqoiremenb haye beei met and a hor $ork pcmii hrs bpn issued (* s.!6on 2 r ?)

lu is inp€'arive ihai regur,r dnrk and exerci*s ro pmdnc rc$up fbn e.do!.d sp'c re.anied our and ihar alr nemb€u of a a.!e ream kn.s whd is €rp{red ot rhem.

wh€n penomer aru in ned of rkue frcm an enclad sp c, rhe finrihe alarm. R.rue and €u$irarion eqripndr sh.urd alrady hav€ ben prcpaFd Alhonsnsped s otten vt l r thc mts6t ol svi$ lil€, ftsn€ op.ratims shdld nor be anempr€drtil the nRAsary ,$isbne hrs b€n obtained Thcrc rrc mny esmpl6 or lives havd8b.cn roi rhbwh hasry, irr'prcpared rt{ue arbhpb

whdevs n n lspeted thar an unsali atnosphere has bm . oniriburory lacror ro rniccidenr, braming lppaRtu d, wherc pm.ii.,bre, lifelines shNrd be u$d by persnsddnng th€ spa.e A.odc of si$ak should b€ asF€d in advan.e.

n e ofricft in cha4e or ih€ psue shourd remain olhde rhd sp,e, uhde he .an exems the

29

CHAPTER4

Envisihbl r.rpdibil y

.r hh.rilml Egul.tim

.2 Mai. Eqliffill ot M-ARITOL A|]lE tr

.3 Main r€qui@ie or rh.IMO Cod6

.a Fb.€dlE mr ^'mselrEb

(P&A) M, rlf6e-hehip.5 EnvimlMbl.tp* of diknr$6 inb the *a

.3 3.ll.r wah rrEahmt

31

CONTROL OFOPERATIONAL DISCHARGESFROM A CHEMICAL TANKER

mis &tpizt ptadi.. kckg,otdinlamtnn n intmliiond tgt iars loe nx d6.h,t26lrcndtirs r"to ttu uDinnmt, dnd points rut th. impatun al thg rtllt kns b rtntut knbl1pndtiots. tn addition to eryo h'ndtk(, tht ttnpttt t+6 td oymianat pmahttowdkt6pttoJktI.ka,tn!ondttuh'ndt 3 rJ strps Md brtbn, tu tanpty uith MARPoL

This Sdde k prinanly on dhed with rhe sfcry ot ih€ ship rd ih .rew, $Ie handlins ofcar3o and s c operarion jn pod and hnh:rs Howcver, rhe Smwina inF.nanre ofsvtamenbl .a!. demands rhai dre .ress or chdidl bike6 have a .lear undsiandins orlhe p.ndim reSolations Many addtional tasb undcrtaren during .a4o hind lhg $ achmiQr rankcr .R diciared by a ned b porei ag,insr any chmce ot di$hl4€ or.a4. inroine sa. Th* ddnidn.l 6k nust be p€rlorn€d sai.ly, and an ddecbding ol ihenpurpN is a .Rnsry pa ol .hemical ranl€r opcnrions today.

4.2.1 ,trknetnndftguktiafs

Tre rd.ma6onal cmv.rhon for ihe pFvenrron of Marjtu po ution from shiF 1973, asmodiried by rhd Polo.or of 1973, known :s MARrroL 73/73, k $e piin.ipal fteotario.oeriry prcrdion of rhp madne envionmdr MARToL Annex r overe puedus for.onrororoila.doiujkcsub*ane,su.hrs.argoortuet,andapptibba shipsinludins

rr coneins exitrsivc regurarions aboui ih€ rcdin&criaSe and dirh&3e oI noxious liquid cai8c, as well ,r rhc hearmeni of ca$o residuenmaininS on b@rd, wrshins dI empty rads ud rtu riml d(p6t of rhe .onbninared

MARPOL Am€i n affEs all shjps crdyi$ noxios li+id 6t3es in burk Arr peMnndwilh rsFonsjbility nx or3. operhoN on .henical tan*c6 should be awarc of rhe basi.

p oru thar di{hai3* inb rhd *a never exc-d ihe

wo IMo codes appli.able b chehical iankers:

code for thd cdnsdldion :nd Equipmmt ot ships c.rti$ Da$cmus chcmicak inBulk (rhc DcH code) This was riar addpbd by rMo in reTr ri v.runriry guideherptuviding rdvne tu rhe ind$tu and io auihoriries. under rhe sub*qne.t provisions of

c consrDcred b€'or€ r lu! re36 and ensased ininicrmtioml trd. mu{ .omply *iin ihis cod€

lntemtional c.de tu rhe cd6hdion rnd Equlpmflr ol ships cdryi$ DaJuercusch€niols h Bul* (ihe rBc code) This was 3doped by rMo in 1933. und€r drp$vr\rtu of solAs chapre, vrr and MARPoL Anner r a[ .hemnar tank.K.oreru.hd m oi athr l ,!rI r$6 mud onpry wnh rhr provBos of rhN code

Bdrh c.des have b*n :hdtleil €(rat rincs sn.c $cn adoprion, inro darp with ben pra.tie in ihe induskv The IBC Cod. rsd.6ra$s

l3

Ior sle hmdli.g of ..€8, rd should h€ av.iLbl€ m bMd lor ELl€m paddless oI L\ea3€ ofthe rhip. Tr'e reldant Code oiCode applying io a p. itul*ship nu*becrdi€d d

'Ihe IMO Codes ar€ intended to prod!.e a unitom s€t of reEllaliN, alloring a shjp to b€

erti1i..e is a.€pr€d by tI€ natiffi b which d€ ;hip my t.de d e .surarc oI rhe shipkcrcttutional sfety, in a simiLr way b $e intemanonal (.+h€ of Safety EquiPIMr,sa6..1, comtuim, red LnE and orher .edi6.ak isrcd io sisnit onpliace wfth rMoshdeds. As witn olher cdific.s, tne Coda requiE Friodic FtrEp€crim oI rhe shipd!ring ib litdime to maintain validity.

The inplemmhrian ot rh€* inkmrional qul.tios is ttuoqn the approv.l by mriduladnini*ranoft of a Pred!6 and Aiiangdenb (P&A) M.nual, indiyidu.lly d*elopcd fo.

422 Mrik retntuE of ^URPOL

AnU II

MARPOL Atrex II Gqdis subsbms pciry a thpar of hrm b L\e{nh chdniols posing lhe g€rBt lhreat having dE m6r ev*.dtuls pla.ed upon rh€irshipmnt and *vere linibrim m tneir .tis.haB€ inb ihe sa. A primipal way or mdingdE n€€d b linit dish.rres ro ttu sa L b pdw rhe eidue dur remi.s wilnh a raik afierud@dn8 ha3 ben ohpld€d Every cheniel .anie. b prcvided with punping and pipingadmgdenb spRially desiSn€d ro sure rhat ech bnk desigmted foi the .ad.8e or.onblled subshc cm h€ emptid b wll rhai ihe qurtfit oI caqo Fmaniry alkHardsc l6s dun th€ dininum qmtit speified in MARPOL. For @.h ta.t an inihal as$mdtof ii'e aidue qurnty ha 6 b€ mdq .aned a stripping tai. Irre rsnlc ol inis kt arere.onl€d, md n wa rs $€ basis for the pcedus de{ribed. only whm ihe psidue isshown to be ls than the qu iry plgnH by MARPOL Anrer Il may the bn* b€appoved ior fie cariage ot a cmtull€d subsh..

MARPOL rhd * r€quiret:nb for d;podl of ihoF rsidK, usually firtugh dilution andR or shorc reprion ra.ilitia. n rren spRifiA rhe re.onrs ihar mud b€ k€pr of.a4o workm bdrd Fi.aut ir nal6 pmision for iBp€tions by nurhodties to .m6m thai ihe ship has

4.2.3 Ltatn t@nemett af ttp l],rc cad*

The IMO Cod6 addres i]'e srely or aeryon€ involved and pnMion or rhe {vimnmmt byecuring $ar tp ship will remain anet afbr .n asuned cxbt of danrEq therbyninimisins poenia l pollution and t}le un dtrolled rler€ ot .argo rhship enl Tr'ey st ddail€d FqniFmenh for spftid. aspfth of the ship: n.kn.b of.octrrion; rhe sep.rarion of ctxq a.omnodahm and nachidy 5pe6; egegrbd ordiftercni 9Fs of .a$G, .ontok and inshnenbtid tor cargo h,ndling eqaipnat.mtulof .ddinons wihin .rl3o spa.6 and vdhng rnm rhem, pipiry dd punping ardSflenbielRti.al iNhnrtidsr liF 6shtin8 and exrinsuishing 3ystror rd pcs@l prd66ve

'Ile IMo cod6 d\en list catxG, denhfyFg iho haa.ds @h p@nt, during cariage by sa.Carsc which aE r*Bscd a! Pestiry a stuty or pallurion haanr bwadani pr.telion a€ equiftd to b€ carried i. dstnad ship typ€s pnidins rheappropdah degre o, prordion Thr€ 3hip ty?6 are Pre*ibed, silh 6\e mct hazrdousarsm rreivins rhe nost p.or6lio inmSh ndher nquil€mnb .ppted b individual

4z.t Pmdms ond AturyMts IPAA) Maant t, e.n sh!

MARPoL Almx II Hlie ihar ea.h chdi.al birs be ordided wia.his€ conpli.n.. with the rgllatioru and to b€ able b delffibah th.t snPlian.e hasben ol'dered rmn t]le earliAt d6isr shse. Tne fom.t or o'e P&a MMU,r md iGmenb n6r be as sFci6.d in MARPOL A@x II APFndix D and b€ aPPror€d by th. nag.dninjshhm or the ship. Ihe P&A Manul is omehd wfth th. tuij

34

.spRa of cr.minS of .a4. hl!, a.d rhe disharye ot caao rBidus rhat may or may noi b.mix.d vnh a {Ah4 n€di6 rn€ ft!}5 of L\e sripprns Br ar Ror,led in it.

shjps orfieE sho,rd fanili,ria drenelve rhorcusnly wilh rhe p&A Mall iitm b op€rarimal prRduFs witn espe.t io ergo handlins, hnk deanin& stophmdling, 6id@ diehaBe, ballashng .nd d€balla*i$. Tne mashr is obrt€d to ensure iharthe ship dc nd dish.4€ inlo the s any caqo sidu6, or nntu6sr6 u.h di$hea6 ap made in tur omplian.e with the op€ntiml prRduH cmrainedin the P&A ManuaL and rhat the equipmar rcquiFd by oE M,nual rd such disharse is

T]1e P&A Mrnual, bserhfl with the carso re.ont bmk and cdih.ar of Frhss, wiu b€ch{red by ihe shipt own tl,g,dninidbarion dby pon $ak onbotorfis in ordei roonhm tuI omplire wfth rh€ reqrnments of MARPoL Annex u.

1.2.5 Enniffimttt asp{tt af dirhd136 inti th. sa

Evd ah€i oEful uloading, 6nal disp.sal ol residu6 6ay dly be.rmed our in .(ordmcewifi appmved pr@dr&s dd anansm56. rr is nessry toi ranr5 rhat haye snrainedsore speified car3H b hzve a fi6r iiie rt the unlcdina p.n, called a prewash, and rheininal w6hi$s di$haraed io shon Reprion fa.jrni€ ($uany rh€ .al:o reivea. PE-washds a mininum required rFel of dituhon ot ca€o rsidue foi envronnenbt prohhon. It hasm diRi dsare b peparinS a bnk for j6 nsr Q$o Thc comnercial jusiifi.aiim ld anytu.rhe. tanl cleanin3 i3 nor addas€d by aurhornia, arrhough hindrilg and disposl o,washirys mud .mtin@ 60 rare ,edunt ot MARpoL

wh€n a rank is washed wiih . washinS nediuh oin€r tnr w,te! which would ielf Equip.onror if .afiied as a .argo, di*hirgc or ddpc.l ot ihe *ripphSs win b. govn€d by rheprovisioc or MARToL apFlyinS enhs b the washiry nedium or to $e oriainar a€qwhiclwe.:re rh€ moR ever

Di{ha$€ inb lne s of ca4o Gidu$ rnd tank ctaninS poduch is shicily .dtuned rt is4omfrended thar any dirha.3e should b. as lar tu6 l,nd 4 pfchobre Any aisharse ofeftrn€nr conbinins .mtoned substancs (aept in r d€rsen.y sibarion) is sobjEt b amrximm omenration o, the sub.ran.e i. the 3hip,s wa*e or the dilurion of subsran.es pdorb dirhrr8o dd nun ta*€ a(ounr of dE ronowin8:

. rne sp€€d 01 dp sl,ip dfhs rhe di*ha+.

. Ilen'nmumd6d-fromii.rcdarl,rddurin8oMhi,ge

. Itemininumdepinorwai.rduingdi*harye

. Tne nRd ro cany dt dE dishar3€ b€low rh€ sabr tine

sone ams or ihe s a& d6ignabd as eFial rp.s in which eva moF stinear disnar3e

Dshar3€ averb.ard in pod h ,lways pi.hibited by larl, mtional or Fgioml srandards in re sully supplem.bry b MARPor, radEr in n in o.ni.t snh n.

It is now ko3njsed t]'d alnci ny disharSe frm a +ip inb ihe sunoundins €nviDnnenrneeds bbecdtully ocideed in advm Nd only ae ddical @rgo 6idu6, ury wardfiom na.hirtry mm bilg6 md ov.lbdrd disposl ol garbage skicrly pAulared, but fmel

bd identihed at @uinns.dtul.

cmhl ot cJzme Depl€tina subshe (oD6), su.h a hal%uadr hydrGb.n sas, was6bblish€d inhrhon.lly in the art 19903. L 19z lMo adopred Am.x vI b M-{RmL

35

addrsina sllipy eni$im th,r m mid€red ro be hamtul !o tE atn6ph*, or which .andle 6 Lnd d inh th. s.

Iunn€l uissilx of difient ond6 in agim nd inci@r,rE exhrlrE a€ gen.6lly not3u*eptiue b d.ily .djahdt by a 6hip'3 @, bur will b€ dep6'lmr upon np Bnde ot tuelu€d md rE .ardftim ,rf rhe o3i6 Hsder, rh€ .@ will b€ invobd in (utul of ..raovapl)G by m bsrd tchiiqs, sch a vrpour Ebm !o rhore while loadh8, redu.tngde dikha€€ o, hd 8ar dd .voiding ffiry *.poBrion oI liquid ca4o i.b rheaho!?here while clefin3 bnk. while rhe i€8lLrift .E nd yd Gmz) i. Ioreinhrurimall, *r€y *ill t€me inp.dft me Dri6ed by enouSh olnri6 b giE them

Tne ini6t ot bana* wai.r ']1@e66t

ii nr nini6i* dE haiBler oI lki.e oqrism Imh

'n 8e%laphkar region ro norher Trle dis.n rge ol ballaJr water tu now tnom b beGpmible fd rhe induction o, alim sp€.ies inro eNfiiv€ cstal wahror b,rl,3l water mffi3€@t ie d a!?et or qub.titu pedu€ nrhs L\m haditimlpollurim cdbls. n,lo ii srjry ro 6l]')Dg€ 6hblishn6t or a sinele reAime {dldrlde,i. rh€ mftr of orhd Cdhrim, $ dut rhe prenr vrrious .pquiEn{b b€me

36 curDt ( .HFMIc^Lsr

CHAPTER5

I Ship md shor..r3! omRtioE2 Ca€o pmP'@3 Isol.rion ol €rgo rank ana piping synem! CarSo bnl vmting5 sbli. elcri.it p@utions

54 Li.Ld B.sd Sftip.nd SIDE.1 E\dRae of .r4o intmatio.

.3 ship/shore S.fety Ch{*]bt

.4 Co'muidrioc ddng .a.so operarioB

5.5 Cd.nr Cy.r. of C.Igo OFEtions

s.5 lt p.nri6 tor c.rao op.r:iid3.1 Ship cher. ptior b aEival.2 Shjp .hRk afier artivar blt prior b .arao op€ranore.3 loint ship md shore riais.n, md chRrs prioi ro eig. oFratioB

5,r PePrrinaac 30 Trr. ArnolPheft

.2 Rsiving nitugd fiofr shor€

.3 Prepaialim ror @iving .itugen 6on shoa

.2 Us or .onp'sed gas

.4 Cr.arha shoe Pip€rine

.s Cte.riryc.$o hlx66 Conpldion ol lo.ding

5J Di&ome.ion of GrAo Hi.n

s10 clr3o cd Drri4 tn. voy4.

.2 Adding nit%m b mainhin overptKtrE3 S@pin3 or.aryo cidu6.4 conpldim or disd',4€

37

5.12 BrlltrinA r.t D.brlldtint

5,r3 Tdl Claning.nd G.r Fr.tng

5,14 Ship b Stup Tturf.r

{ NaviSahdal wami4e

6 PFtut r pPp.nri(x m €ach ship.7 C.€o kaGler op€€Hon33 cmphim or.a4. tui.r

38

PRECAUTIONS DURINGCARGO OPERATIONS

rht .haptu Mtlk6 th'nnK.fsl,typtuautkns tab. hka b&rt,n dutits rht,tt t:J.a\oop(dtIs thd M nonntt! uorflt.red on .\.nnd dnbs. d?r1ds ulm th! pmutia"s intin chpttt 2, in.lnant sartv tdtid o'1 *1ks rrd 6'lb! t, and an \hip tt' ship ta6l.E

Th€ rollowins pmedus sho d be onsidered is Bmeml glidan e mty rtere ap la$evarjariw in rhe desgn of .a4o mniainmdr

'nd drso handlinS sy{ehsi and spejhc

innrucrions should always b€ pr.prpd tor i.dusjon i. ihe ship,s .aqo handlinS mmal.T]jesc f*ruchoro should b€ caietully stodrd and b{.om€ lamili:r b ai..ar3o h:ndrins ot€rarions

A.hemtrrlc ierl.a4o dnbiifsr and handling slr{ems } ill hrve bm.rpfu]lvdci8r.d,nd E.l. ha\rbm.o' { r ?d rda rair ;pen .on b .rpt. $ h F.requircm.nb of rhe rMo cod6 and ih€ soLAS and MARpoL conyeh:nsPon'ndhmdles'elythe!fthi.alsthallhcshiPis.ediIiedb.,Fqdftd level ol $fer) in cargo op.nrions .an ..ly bc a.hiev€d ff an pans d $e .:ryosy$cns and equjpmeni are hr,nbin€d in 8od worrinS order smilarly, rhe peFonnethvorved in crqo operaiioN nun be funy .warc ol rhcir duries a.d b€ tho(u8hlrr named inrhe orftr 6rso handlin8 pucdurcs and os or the equ,pm{L

Traii8 in cmclgency puedures is pafri.ulany impoi.nt (*p chaprer 3)

It n ihe esptuibility of rhe mster io nsur rh* ihe ol6.c6 and cres are popedv and

ua' |h ' 'a. !Fl ' " ' '1" +.o i . | ' ' : '$ . h ' ;

'rh€ na{er ir rtspon5ibre for thersponsibl. ofti.ei 3ppoinbd byFoges!, ,nd bc shsfied rhai an

In p.d, d'e nastF should ensuF ihar there is pope! lbi$n betuen rhcon dE ship and hn.ounk.pad ai ihe 3hor innanaiion (R shipahoe Srfeiv ch(ur$ rnAppendix L) Thoe peMnnd should erablish ihe prcsrame lor aI .aryo operario.r andihe p(redurs b bc adop tal in ihe event ot an ensg6._v Derails oI enam6, iiil6 .r pdsi6o5, klerhone numbcE cic. shorld be pi.hang€d b.roe .irs{)oFra tjons bcgin Any spe. ial s fery €qu n.md b of ihc shore innanaiion shoutd be bnughi

R6poroibil y for efety is shared by everyone $nened, and all musr binh€rdr dangss r thc carnasc of chemicals by sa.

salclv ol rhe shiP durinS :[.irso ohh should be Fe*nt ahmvei .rrg. oFEhons ar ine'tuipn€nr in use or iikelrr ro bc uyd is in gNd wolkin8

l9

t ) 1 shiP'tu1\ho{ a3a tmn tih.

The .omRtjon ar rhe manirord of hres or mftl calgo ams for caqo hddling is ine prinary.ar8o com{hon betuem ship md srrre, and * h 6*ndar rhd borh padies bk pmper carep@panng for th. smdion Flmg€ faes, gasreh and sls us€d at this point 3hould bc dc.ntrd in Sooi coiditi.n. Mminun sbndads for hos ire taid down inhos should be in good condition rd irera[ed with g,skeb whlch are suir.bl€ lor rhe.hehic, I prdd ud rd b. handled A bolr shoLnd be 6ftd in A ery holq and righrened oflRtlybd evary Nuh and borrs ehourd be of the .olKr sia and mihriat, and .ranaaed boxsshould not b. uard. rmprcvisd aiiag€l]ub !sin3 Glanps or sinilar d$ie must .or bean.wed ror ninsc connNbons. cre should b€ hrd ro p6ted manirolds Irch lKhanical

Redu.ec ,n,l spelpN6 should b€ mde ol suiiabls mat€dal ompdible wfth rhe .aryo, andonFly w h Fhhnt indlsrry standards wnmfler it is ini€nd€d ro usporpirc made of a mar€rial o$€r ihan shL d,er $e shdurd be asred by the ship mdhinar who rdg 4duce6 or spmlpie.es ap u*d rhe resltriry length mu* be pbltnysupporkd ro aroid eienine eicsive .antirever foKe

Eve.y nrrurold md sfiould have a pmovable bbnr( flange, m:de or 5eel or other apprcvedmradal B.fo& iemoving a br,nk nanse a .h(k should bc mdc io enpip€lin. b.tuM the lasr valv€ and sibly under prsurp.Prou6.ns nu* b€ takm b prev€nt any spilhae.

Pemmmr means for rh. r€rorion ol any dEhr baragd ,i +ip and shprovided lr bar.gc d$clops tom a deck pipeline, valve hose or nerd\rough rhd .onne.lion should be sropp€d and the sihrtion hahd as an eneqen.y until the

as a Seneral ture, hmimr hlH wir be r*d ror the .omdion betum ship d shorcDuriry .omdion, and wh€n .onRred, ,r€xible hoas shorrd be susp.nd.d by sunrbb.+iphent b e.sur thrt thcy :re noi subiRred to ex.6sive bendinS or liable 60 br dushedb.km rh€ ship md rhe Fhy. As the bnker lies or fals as a 6uh ol ridc or carEoopcniions, th. hoe shinss should b€ adjuded 5 as io avoid mdue sh,in .n the hFsthdslv$, the.dGlons or thc ship's nanifold, ud b 4up dur r

intorm.iion ft App€ndir X

lf msral G€. ads Gomerines refered ro ,s hard amt are usd, rhe in$allarion.n.ngencnb si h r ra*m acmuni of rid, mn3e, the fRboad of dr latg$r and snane*trnke4 ror which (ftc b.nh w$ d6im€d. minimum md mxinun disaF $i back fiom rh€ dRk edSq limied .hange ii honrcntar pGirion due b drFoff mdra$in3, .nd m inum and ninimun sp{ing who openiin8 with dTxese Lhns shduld be thooughly unddGiood by opcr.rors, and alams lor ex.e$ive rdgeand drifi rqularly ci€d. rf range or dnfi alams ar€ artivar.d while in sn ie

'[ .arso

trnsfer opcraiions should bc {oppcd md mmcdial m€asuB iaken. M{hani.al loadin8 anssh.Dld h. supp.ded in !u.h a $ry rh rher do not pur ex.c$ivc foKc on rh. manilord

o:r tankes cquiFped $ith a cal8o pmprmn, ihb is a porcnUally hazadous cndorat spacT]je punpndn pN:uibn! *i dur in sedbn 2 r4 +ourd be obsetudd beroa rnd duDng all.a4. hmdling openiions invoh ing dF punpmn. Ponp alaIm a.d hips, le\d alaim €r..should b. tc{cd rcguli.ly, .nd in any cas befoft omn ncinE caqo h.ndlin8 oFrations, toensue rh3t therr

're tun ii.nfg ..n€dy Tne rAulb ol su.h tes6 shduld ht rsnded

Bulkhcad31mdsamund,lriveshatbbesen (hepumtrmn,nd,n idFcnr machineryspae+.Uldbgrhkkedandad]ushdollUbi.ated:sndcel9lybentEhr *al. Duri$ all .ar8o operdions, indudin8 loadin8, ihe punpmn should be insp{redri rcsular inteN:k io .hcck for s*m ol lcakrscs trcm slan&, drJm plu8s rd dGm lalrcs,e5p6;lly th.* rnbd b 613. punpi lrrhepunpsrru in u*, pufrp g

bdrrtrd shilds should b€ ch<*ed for overheathg. In ih€ ssi of l6k se d ovaheahns Fpmp sh.lrd be dopped. No aftnpt shoutd b? md€ 60 adjusr pump glands an nn*hsshafiswhiled\€pmprins .e.NorcpaiGrhout,lb€mded;k6o;cargopumps,tiej,dreahd rh4 \. \atrturrlsFrmisl"i|ed. purF.F mirB

Pulnplrln bibe shmld b€ diain€d ot any tiqlid that has hared nm gtands, pip€liB orvaive, such liquid is sually traNfentd inb a slop b.k ,or onraminared liquias Nor mly crhis 3q.d pradie for cldnlilrs ed rdudio ol vap.uF within rhe space but ii ki ,rcid dEp6sibiliSr or il]l]dp'dbh crs€ bg1hing iMd"cdfldy nned. lt iiould b€ pNibte, whendmgsi(ro r kmi.al ro hNbi .dbninakd liqlids diedy b shof @phd h.itih6

5.3.3 ltuktiot.ll m?o hnks Md piptrs svskms

wnm a sinSle pakl of.ar3o is cdied ih sveRl ranlc cded b/ . onmo piF€tinc syskm,.ontainnst wiihin 6ch bnk depends upon rhe hAhh* or rh. inrct valve. Dup b rheprasurc dittemrirl on eiiher side dun$ seqrdrial baains inb .r disdalge tiom suchranls, rhe iighhEs of a sinSl€ varle +outd nor b. rclied upon io prcvenr $e enry or $.ap!ol .aryo. it k .dvhable to achiev€ tuo v:lve FpaErion beeR. .mpl.hd tanrs a.d pumppresr€ in rh€ pip€tne. ReBltar.h(ks should be made on conptered birs b msr rhd rheLv€l ol cargo d6 mr chanse.

More rhdoush $Sre3arion may be ne€sry when diffcrmt paft€k of 6190 are .amed inhrs sved by commm syieN. rn parhrutar when .aftyins ro\ic .arNA, n n IEgu''mor rhi calao pipina and pmps, ,5 well as iank vsring sy'cms, aie sparar€dnoh ftE .onbinhg orher pocucb, r. pRvenr

'ny t6k.se caNinS r.ric onbmimtion ot

nonroxi. pr0du6 and subPqu€nr elp.iu4 ol p€Mmel utuwaft of rhc .onbnimtion5h.Fwi l - rcmmo1p d( ncr{er, t i lehrvFrhe.Tr i ion ?ounrd hhpn.r . r }m31-rGr8F\bt r fdfsNobl:r . ld1Fe,, ,p\r . .hplarA;$iF.bt ;odin 1*M;n ; ,b)Fn ovilaa.pdrpiqrdnd d,in' bbnr frns!! nrcnacrnuBh ro$ih{d1d -e plRJperFd.d.TheerSl '@Bonrt Dleorr lShr.rops.wihrp.o\ . .n, , d,d.n3in . lrhe s6op€ dG nd hold tiehr, ensurB thar a |ear can b. spor(d ilm€diahty.

TIE ftquiPnst is nei on nany chemi.al hnketu by hayins s€para& prnps, prp€lines ddvenb $ rhat qEsatid is achieved by dBisn.

whm blmks or a rcmovablo spol piRe hav. ben usd, ahmrion shtuld br prid b eroringe systen whcn rhe e\ra epabrion s no toSer ne€ded

v4r inqof. :3JE1r3du 3. . r3o rBr a. ' !d 'XoF.rFd npp-r , ia(o dan! c wdh rpordbre ,nh.totuL ilri.nat. Nd rd hmindt T3L

' rn\ r anl vlnl

systes ouues are lrahd at a ele disbn e frcn lll areas wher p!*onnet who aF ndinvolv€d in.,€o eork m.y b. pl*nt, ro sur rh bn. vapo!6 ar€ ditud b a sfe leveloI.on@rarim b.roE ri€y can ra.h sxh m aea. Tl'e ste di3rm.6 sBified de*nd drl.pweatr of rhe b{t b,rrd. rn:'ru*\ rhepnr. ph-dF

' h"d n rr; tvo( ei6 h

have rP€n hd by the ship,s d6is..

Tn€ caqo i.nk ventiry s':ren shmrd be *! tor rlE type o, openrio. ro bc p€rfomed carso\ Jpour di5placd rior hntqduruu todingorb:u,3M3rhoutd b"\nr{ b,.ud\ rhe:BElbd \.nrhgly:tsr ro:tupher A. epr whm Ftom or $e \ rpou- b eoF i! Fqu'edTne orgo or balldt lGdin8 Er€ shmld nd ex.ed a ne ot vap.lr no- within ihe capr.ig

In ine os ot sh,F fithd w h a knrhg slstm whi.h is common ro se6r tan6 r 'sinpotut b ffob€r tna! vapouB (or liquid in the evdr of overlil0 Dy pN L\rdSh rhe

wnling sFh tm6 me tani< inlo anorlr.r, and rh€Fby crs mbnitutim of caqo or ran!

A equiEd kvel of nahrmre sd irEperim wil be l1€.€gry ro osa th€ clea in6 oth€ hnn3 lyst m, .nd in prdicui,r of dE P/v y.lws, h*h v€Io.fiy vappvenr rh€ possge ot tran€ inb aao b.li. Padidl,r anennon elbuld b€ Bivm b thePcsibility ol flam s€s b€@min8 bleked by din, ,€ha waier, or vapour mndeMtion

iron.cnrn chcmi il.nFoF

lhcrB..0l . ] !qu[sdt j ' r ]n]bePa {,. tre$u,.

The L.+rua .hrLd b. .f.rn1,n.d Ia

\ennriv{qr: lM)!trN.hn s r$mnrod i nilnum Ltn[tra*u

fr.srurd rr i! ihus(iLnrrI iDfofrminilcnmr qhr th! l\tu l din

L,qudsl(uldn,{L.F$nf l l t l rosrre,(h. \ i f !o ' rdrnIn.r , rL]u,r ! r* \ rnrrheL. ' r !n,irit. (r th. noLn LiFlur utu

,rhid, rl,p pr$L r rn:ir thchnr.in.i* h|',lh l.otr.li,rgshorLd Lt susFn.lcd onhrth.

Prcsurc L rcLfi{J, in!ltheFie*r

cdncdNn ot h.\a nn.n(kn trr\'.,rour t.n$rf. tr, i,.mir.Ld aarAcst i |cr t r t r$$trJbrd*!dr jef lninseorln,\rnp'\\+rurrcrurnDrnnnd Jhrnql {il ltr Lnb: LndelP(udinsidd honil

Fintrns d $.n.ll '.8 h i dr'!]ard s.11" Ge fi!tr'.5l)

rquret 1 vap.urnanlold presenral on llan96, oreniaronand labelins

53.s stotu.bdtxitt r&thons

r'hc prinrt !!n.cm .bour nft.ledri.ir-v is thc|r\qbilit-vofsenemti.San inrcnrrctPrrkai(hin.,limmibhinn.rPhd-.. In{nns i bnk.rnPre\entrheefntn.tor: llrdmiln. Sis

APpendn D snes aJ\rgrtritrlh.

.12

liquid rhrouBh a he or pip€Iire, and b$ulsc widlin a bnr. In nmd d'ffih€ thecharge gdehbd is releas€d iNhheusry b €arh (the ship,s srude) beru* the liquidmndud it, and d$i8n fcrtures of cr€o iank intenals will avoid ib buil,l up. rhe pioblen issEner on v.ry rarge hnre$ equipped vith tirse individrat tanrs ftn n is on the snullersire of .hehrc.l canieB wirh €xraile subdiisio and ndriple .arAo rankr

Prcbhm rlm n.rc el<ricirl ac ho* tik ly ro arie wlPn luding orsfts *nown s naiicaddulard' othn higNy relined pdoltuh pxdu.b. ApFndir D3.,I explains rh* for moisbri. monur,6oc the prc*n€ ol warer pIenb an in.6s€d oppotuniiy for naricsmerarion. Ii is rherfo€ impoftnL guft apai fron .a€o qlalirt &qsue that lines whi.h hiv€ bpn flush€d wth wncr have bpn rhorcuehtv drained and thar rheho'bno dF iani pd^ b?roP.unns h ,rd a {d'.

"R umutnoi,;do

Ar the inifial staae ol ihe lcding op6a6n, rt $unrir the boft.h rdgiudinats md tanr .tionpipelim shourd not e,ced a rined vetdiy of Ithe following leding mres:

2mtm r15.ubi.ner6pe.hourr50 mn 65 .ubic netPs per hourlmlm30fubnnebesPerhou

Ther€rtb, lcdiry m.), b€ in.reas€d ro a mrihun pirEline spRd or 7 m/s. E periencei.di.ahs ihat haz,rd.us pohnhats in r6F..r .f sbri. ele(n.fty do noi mcur if rhe veleiiy hbelow 7 trVs However, wh.rc sell dmuntri.d .xp€ride den.nsrar* ihd hishcrvdftirF hav€ b€cn sl€ry u*d, an appn pirbty hisner rnil rh.n 7 nvs n,y be ehptoyed

Il is a Sords jlle or bnle' oFahms ll€r a vai!? shtutd @d b€ shur asainn i liquid no*,.P'surc su$€s .a b€ (rur€d whs rhe nN in a liqui.t is {opp€d ro qrnlN ftc porfrialhazr'& of pffiuE sug6 (shdk ptsF, tmm as wab hrmmer or liquid hilmd) cuuingfrom rapid opsad.n or vr|v6 should b€ dphais€d b au F.Mnet e$aged in calao hBfeIhe hazard is 3m6r when €€o is b€ing bdslcr.d ds lo3 dsbne

'nd r high vcrrity rr

a varve n shur b gukuy uder d,e .mdibN ltF decrcmrion of rhe ta€€.olm.l liqrid i,r$e rine sb up 3h6r wav.! vhich .an r.rvel up md down dr tiie .ausins errRmely high sulgc

l.erble to t:iluF in the .inunnamA.

A fun dedprion of the pr$urt surse phenonenon is Siven in App€ndix c.

'lhe followina pKautions should b. rard b.votd p@E turseiurins .arEo rmsre.

. shutdown prNedljgsho d b€ in prac, wirh rhe inienr rhri pumps are sbpFd'nduF@an rrlE Gdcd rLrt €r.€pt in an emdB6!.], unplann€d 3hutdowns shouldb. avoid€d. spRial carc is ne€ded wnh .uromaric hiSh level shurdownd@ du€ ro rN or pow€r, d as, Frri of an enernal evenr un{tai.n to rhe ship.

. During lcdin& whm no, $ drvftd lrm one tai* ro miner, rhab.ur ro Reiv€ ca,to should b€ hnry .p.ned bdoE the ratves on rhe iank bcing holar.d,c lhul wh€n ludnS i3 onplered, rhe dow sronld b€ sropped by rhe ienhar usingshd€ valves ro prdent deGft$ing the crrso hc€.

Dfing dish:lgq pump di{harye yalves should b€ shui oi tne pump stopped beroemnirold lalves re cl64d d valv6 in rh. shore ri*line or hnk iam are shur down

impodanr rhri the lGding fire is rimiEdae .oveEd, lddiry sped oI $e liquid in rhetuF per s.tnd (nvo, whictr .or€Ponds ro

43

541 Fnha's.lrl a'so i{onntian

op.rahons on..min8 calgo hmdti$, ral ( cl€aniry md pF-wash, ballasrinS and bunkeinSruqliE a. erchange .I inlohation bek€n the ship and icminn befop rh€ ship ariiv€ orarkr arival. Ea.h ship or.ohpany shourd have pr@dur6 fdr infomarion io b€ ex.hanf,edbctu€n ship and kminnl befoF a ca$o operarion .mmmc Th€ f.inowing i5 : Fssibrech{klilt of iems ftat.ould b€ on.jdeed ff inclusion in such an iniormation *chm8p:

I themaiimun doushtofrheshjp and maximum tishitrcbmrd.

2 Carso spNif{ ioG, b include (he poper bulk shippiry mm5, rhe nomin:hd quanr ie5b b. t nsrerred, e,p<ted Emp€hture durins hnne, flishpoint (wheF appli.abl€), spRilic8ravfty, rhe MARrcL porutjon .ar€lory if appkabr4 ind anv vnosity and etidii,ins

' ^ \dr4hr.ra! lpnpTmt)

d orAf l -drd o s,h. i lB.Fb hdndrrd

,1 Whd€ rhe +ip has p,d cars6 whi.h wiu rmain on bdrd, rhc .r$o nane, votume andbnk distibution olea.h.a€o.

6 I'oposcd dispdihm of rcnimbd caqo ud pF €rcd order oI lddina tr dikha4e.

7 D.iails or o€o tanr pmpararion rorbnkdcrnins(if any),nabof rhecarso

3 Nunb.! rnd rizr of hos or.rms b be u*d, mrnilold omerjoro r€qun€d for €a.htions on rh. holdenr of hws o.:m3

e Marihun pudping rrhs and narimun plsurc avrilable ar rh€ ship/shore.a4odnneti.., and any ahidions due ro inheant prop€rhes ot the carso.

'0 C,,amun -dh, n qv!€T ro'.dFlonnol. in.lldins 15"rFn.lfor"m"Ben., nop.

1l R6Hchm Flaring to elRh6r.hc prcp€rriB or a Fodud, and pRaftio6 ro prevei $egdsahon o, haza.ddus sbn elehnjty .ha.3es.

luding, itrhding prcviors €rgo .ahed, oeihod ofruks and 1i.5, md warer diF in d€o bnLs (sh€r€

12 Ine up or auromati. emqgd.y shurdown valv6, and lhen dcing p€riod.

13 Tanr vmtiry ie+iremenrs rd detaih .r a.y r€quied lapiur r.bm ric.

14 Tanr dvaonnnt l .dhl cquicndre, e 3 d.ying rnd in€rt gat .nd quality of id

15 whdh6 rot sahples or no@l5npl6 a€ b be 6*m, rnd any suspf,sion.f erg.op.rati6 *hile smples aF b€ing tralys.d.

16 Temiml or pod €8lbnotu on pewashine ot.a4o bnk,LnSode the b€rth, anddda s ot rRplim teilitiA railabl€ b lRive slops (if appliable).

17 Mandat.ry prew6h ftqun€l@b, o€o na66 and qodhty or wrshings roi dis.na4€b rdpiim tailids, md

'ttndly, qurfty and dispGftim or dops (iI appli€bl€)

13 r^herhe,r lonSsdehnrdean 13brqu+d'nddi 'dbptswalh

44

19. Barhs$n3 n d€balsrhg equiM{b oI the snp: il deba asrin& tne dirpcfiio4.mp6ilid and qumritus of balasr on bdrd rogerhd wifi rine requn€d fd diehleq ifbaradin& rhe appoiioaE hne ot omnen.emmt rd rhe durarim of ballasriq inro balla$oi cargo tank thd win inpnge uAr

20. Proposed brnker handl in8 b b€ done d urina pod visit, inctudms tim, lmrion ot bunksdanifold, whether delivery b ro b. rron bars€ or guy, and aherher cargo haEfer wilt be

21. Any orhE rinit nom ar rhe kmin,t.

2 M6s1@ 60 pcvor acidenral €xpcue of peMrel b cago vaponE or .onta.l wnh

23. Adion b be raken in rhe dent o1 spills or lea*s.

oi ihe bais of rhe intomarion trhm3ed, m opsahdal plan ,or rh€ order of arso handlingshould b€ mde by dE eslGible offi.er cded$ rhe iiems iilr b be sisnidmr, inddins a.a!8o pran showi.S cargo disribuiion. The opaatiml plan shdld inctud. indicahm of theexpeted dlration ot rhe opsation, and L\e equm.e in which tlp shipt bnk! arc io brlcded or dis.narBed

5a3 shryEhon s4.1y ch{ktkl

The Ship6hd. Satery ChRlrisr 6@N tne et€ty of th. ship, 6e r.mitut rd all peennet,ed shodd be .ompleed ioindy by rhe HFonsible ot6@r and rhe remnd rprenbiive.E..n ihm shuld be v€rified b.f@ r is ricked. This win ohil a phtlical .h{t by rh€ tuopas.M€d which mo'nd be @dud joi.dy wheE appbpria&. The@npLt dchBdrid is or no value if it is merely Fgard€d as a pap€r €q.i*. A tu[ sF€.imn or ih€ship/shoF salery chRklbl is given in Appendix L.

It is .nphaisd th,r $me ol ihe n@ 6 rhe.hRklisr will r€qdF sdal phlsi.al .hRks orevs.dtinloue sp€rvi8ion duha tne operatld.

5.44 C.niani$titns dwi\ aB6 oru'tn$

To mn *F $r€ qhol or ca€o op€ratio$ .r aI tire, it srsdd b€ ihe Bponsihlity otborh padis b Bhblisft, a3F in wr ing rd nai.rrin . Fliable otmmi.atiotr system

BefoF lddin3 or rledin8 .ommnc ihe cdmlntc.dm 6'3h shoutd b€ ide+atetykkd. A mdary etand'by sysbn shold also be Bhblish€d and agi€€d .rd bbd.A e.me shodd be dde fd ih. nn€ FquiEd td.d;m in eplry io ligMk.

'rxe u* of oe radio .h,lmr by @r than one 3hip/shoE onbinaiion should b€ avoid.d.

45

The fonowinS sequm.€ outrines , gend.alsuppl.mnrary .ommenk wheft rcl€vant

cycic or caqo op€rarions on a .h€mi.al rankeraft n:de in the *dions which nnlos.

ranl dsninq and qas fre'nq

Every .heni.ar hnrer is tuqurcd i. h,!eMrnurl complyiry wjrh rdARPoL A'mx

,n aPPmrd Pr@durs rd artaneemdh (r&A)ll,shichsi!6inshudionsapplyinS roiharship.

5 r{her€ ldding or di{ha$in8 is ro be via a.atao pumproom, th€ pumpmm venrirarionsyseh sh.uld be che.r.d b nsu& edin6s Io! opdahon thr.ughout ihe.a.8o opcraiions

6 Ca€o area d{* l4hring should bc ch(ked md conlirn€d as being in full sorkiry order,wrth spe,al

'ie.t.. given ro the ar.r or rhe ship b sh& .rq..dnehm and hoe

\h1 thip chrck rf! d1iut brt pnlr n ary asotih.

8€foE my cal8o hffife. st ns, ihe r6poroib1e oftiar should b€ atftlied dut the applicabl€pEaunde d .ut i. Chapter 2 are b.ing .befled. Tr'. ue or erety .h(kliii ,ppropriately

wtun appr.a.hin8 '

pod b l6d or diKha'se .arso, rh. following impotunr .h{ks shourdb. nadc bl rhc ship in rim. ro allow any necsa4 work ro be dde

l On bnk in whi.h c,rgo ( to be hansfered, in iank innrum.niation su.h $ level SauS€s,uld b€ rered {or oF:6dn rnd a@E.y, and ..noh

are satuiy criti.al mmp.nenh of rhe .argo hnsfer systrm, and lading should .or commoceir pr{rmslerch{k rind ttun i raulr

? . Harcha, lids md ophhg! 60 c,ryo ranrs rhd are nor rcquired ro bc opcn tor a 5pd6.

3 CarSo pipelines and d.s*ver vak.s shourd be.h(Led, and a drains clos€d and s(ured.

,1 All shlp! crrgo and bunke! pipeLies noi n u$ should b. sRur€ly blan*ed and fully

thcimkr'smainpipclincasrenrtrpoinrroNardotrhpafla..omnodarion,bybh.ri.3orthd lenovrl of a sFDl pie.e

adapd td the speific ship, is stugly Romnsded. IlF tollowhg imp.tunt.hEksshourd b€ ma.i. by rhe ship at fin $agc:

I Inrodation should br $ught m any ioRasr or adveR waiher.drdrequip opemtiom ro be sbpp€d fr teff raes r€dued.

2. Cedain 6€cs requic rhe vapour thar is displaed by in.ming .argo ro b. rtomed brhe shore facilfty. rhe rBpmible ofn.d shoutd ensuE thar llP ship dd rhe shore vap.lr

sysrem *ill op€.ate in onplian.c with lfal and temi.al

3. ft€.h {trisricoItpp'aiur mu! b€ rftwn,6ully in dE fm ol a ca4o iniomhontm or data shd indicatd& ano$ dher thirys, hal$ hads, sp{ifrc giaviry,knp€rahre, vapor pl*m, rtadlit wnh dhe naraials or ..'gB, he.i sitjvny, rkrof qdhemic elJ-Feiion, bnciry bd Senenl sare handli4 pradic. n is d€rabl€ thatinitial BFh$ b enerSen.i6 is dearly shoM. An €\ample dab shd ir i Appddn M.

4 rf i caBo tiabte ro *lf-Frciion is shouldb€nadctorondiiios and limibhtu in rhe innib or ..dificak b be mt tor $e drannn ot rh€ vda€e.Ane\.mple orrn inn'bih o€D.

5. Nmally bnk b be luded are prFinsp€cr€d tor ddrniGs by an nd€p€ndmt rurycyorThis c.n vary fron a slp€rfrial visrar isp€h6 hom the dE( ro a vinsid. rh€ carao hk in wN.h bu*n€adr are wal washed and thorcushty .hKt d. fteGposible otfi.er should etnfy himrlt rhri the hnrs b b€ e imF-ht re sell lennbed

3 behg sfe b cne! Tank enhy preduE shoutd b€.mplied wfth. t{nm a krl is shftd tor insp.dim the sutueyd shdld be a@nprnid bytne 6FEibl. offer or a p€mn delq.ied by hin

6 Tank p.sd ,or loadi$ shourd b€ ri8h y €ued w h r[ carso op€ninss clo-d.

7. All siShring pod and uraSe pllgs shdrrd br dded and sued, unle$ up{kd ro b€usli durins h.ndlina oI rhe carao aboui b b€ rMded rf open ings a e rquned b be open fo!vdiing purpos, ea.h oFnins should be prcrd.d by a dane ytRn destned rd that

3 wh€n not in u*, Fa sudion md ovelberd di$harAe valves onRhd b cryo andband sy:ftms nns b€ sdrc\ ded md lr.hed, dd nay b. $l.d by sfioE authont6.hljne bhnk slbuld b€ iRrbd wheE rlle m provid€d. wnm b.hing tu not prrcti@ble,valves shoold b€ .ribbly narled to indicare .lady that they aF b ltmin clopd.

9 B.foE carso handling is shrbd, rll dRk ruppen and my op€n drains mio the i.fty m$tb. erre.tively plugAed b pr@t epill€d carAo es.pi$ inb rh€ sab arou.d the ranls or

rainwarer shoord b€ daiftd pdiodnaly and hpp..pluss rcplaced inmedi.bly attetr e tmtun€d b a sLpb.rordh6suibblc@pbcl€'

10. Crrgo hanirol& shold t€ Eady f' l1mdion b shoF hlrg, bur witn bhnr nrs6removed mly o d'@ Iin6 60 b€ u..d, .nd only on the (lmFhns sid€ oI b\. ship.

I I whR lddin8 is via . carso punprcn, rhe pumpnm vmrilatio syshn shourd besorl-ing theughdt o'e op€ralim, and all drritu and ndsdtiil valv6 in rhe puhptun

1r. AN,modaiim do6 md pdtharB overro.kiry ihe caigo a@ 6hdld b. stut r s&mlMding is ro b€ under.*€4 my t€ nel]€sry b pmvide speial advie ro rhe cEw.

13. TE or3o voling system shaurd b€ appropri,ie tor tlE ca€o op@don

14. tnb*6 for.6bal an Mdidding and mehant al ventiladm 3)5rM should b. .heked

15. Mea6 sh@ld b€ provrded iot dE pFnpt remdal ol any epiu.ge on det

47

16 Fip 68htina equipmenr shorrd be itrp.ded, and rrdy for immediak u$.

17 Coiid pereonar prtndik.rothjns anrl bNrhiry 3ppac6, appropdab ro th. orgo,sheld b€ immediakly availablq md

iui prior ro .omhen in8 .areo ransrer, ihe rFporciblc offi€r shoutd .tu.r ftat the drg.pipelin. synen is set .orredlt rhat .omd varv6 ,4 opcn and rhrt pipelinc vatv6 nor beinSued (in.iudins drop valv6) aE c1@d

163 l.,iat shtp rnt shlr ln$n,,nn.ha\ ptkt to n\a apttrton

A liaison neering shorld be held wth the .esponsible teminal iatr, ar whi.h rhe .pditnJnrlplan fortheo crol cargo handlinS.anb€ ag@d ln ddn,dn b the ch{*s in panSmphs.6.2, rhc foll.vins ioint ship md shoF ch{rs in .}dperalnf wnh a rmiml r.Prcfnbtive

r Th't thc ship^horc saleh chRkrisr has b.cn !.nprereJ satisfadorily.

2 Th* ldal ind rcminar reSurariom hale bM a{ert,ined ,nd rre behg obsen.d

L Thi a8Rmeni h:s b*n rdched wth ihe responsiblc t ninal rcpRnratn d rb.uisiSnabbindk.i.sr d-by, sbd op€ration, dow down and siop opeeiio.

.1. Tha t when shoeJupplied nrro$n k b b€ uscd for ineiin€ .a r3o b nrs, rhe p(r.dutu n'handlinE it haskq agreed

5. That rhe seqldc ot carg(E and pumpins nhs has bcm igRd.

6 wherhorlhipo.shonwillord€rpumps robe{opp.d oi.onpknon

7 Thar .mc{cncy shurdown pnedu€, 'nd '.hdn

r, b€ bk n in c's oI Iirc or orherdergen.y, have bd .gRi.

3. nd if an insulaiin€ danS€ is uQd in $e hos.onnrhm, ir insuhhon has nor bpn

For $ne carycs rh€ rBc code requn€ vapour spaca wirhin .argo rink6 ro have ry(ialyo.tuuetl ato6phdd, pnn.ipally when rhe ca$o is efther an reactiee arxing in :

se€ chaprer 6 lor Suidancc on c{abrishinS the mrRt atusphen h a bnr, eths inednc bpevdr rh. t h*i.n.r lranmbre nntorcs of crlto vrpour md air, or paddinS ro prevmrchemicar nadim bd{s ory3m and rhe.areo. rr nay ,r$ b€ nKffiry b rduce rhehumidity (dewpoino ot rhe ahGph€rc sirhin rhe cargo svsen

'nre exh.i of atusphere mnt6l io prd rhe quarit), of rhe .a!8o will nomlly be sp€.i6cdbyrh€.a$oshipFB.Son caryG arc exrmely $nsitive to commerdsororanon, and nr qurity onhrr 4asdi ar canied unds a btanket ot nihsen ihar k

5.7.2 Reiti,r nird*fl fnn shot

It * a lrEqumt pr.dic€ at .heni.al lo.diry pod b onhl rh€ ahcphen in .argo rankswilh nitugen supplied iiom shore, 60r dr purEe ot d.ying a tanl and ia asftiat€d pipingsys6! pu'try a tanl b€foF loadiry rhe cargo or paddiry cdSo h a bnr. rhe nitu3o maybe supplid at hid p6ure (up b r0 bat md at a hth now iare. 4Rment on thepqeduE lo handlinA tne nitoeen h pahmolni, and slblld b. pat of the plel@drgch{Uisr been ship rnd shore with emphasis on a der udar dn€ ot the t stu nk

48

Al$oqh the .pcrrlon E an inp.nani *a8e in .alao handlins is ns porentianyhazardous bR:ue hilJh prssu( aas is b.ina inrodu.ed in6 i hnk wh(h 5 noi dcsie.d rowi$dand inhmar pr€suq md I ho* sh.br mayfait l6s rha.'Irre as*.iai€d n5Ls of rh. opfniion shoutd rherujiE be ihoroushty ushould b{ in pla.e b ensue s!ir} durins ihe op€mrjon, md an persnnct inlolvcd shotrki bchade.mveNnr wiih ihosP Drdedure.

overtreesuris€ and even ruDtur. a <areo tank if thelro; shoe i3 al too hish ahow r.le o; too sreat abe€n iftidenis wh€p ctru.tur,l d,n,se h,-r n..urrd

nqurc 5 2 Dad.ge n a clgo rank due ro overpre$urrarion durng purgihg wirh

rlhen . liquid h b.in8 ldded rhnu3h rhr.,g. hrmrord .rnd Frpeline srsb on a .trcmnrl

mner rhan rh. riquid hrrris rine, brau$ licrion an.t iulbut€..erefi!3rcaturinFrtin.n6ro liguid flow rhan ro 3.s fldw ships itu ddliEn!\r l irh ihis in nrind. Howevpi, whaa sas i!beinS lnrodued 6'ou3h ihe liquid tiui.8 liR, ep€.i'rrv a 3'5 under plsure rhar Nill .xpand

ouiler can axs an ov€rpmsuft r. dA erop To:v.id 6u.h 'n

ev.ntoatiiv, rhe o[ler lor rhperisrins ahcphere in ihc iant shourd b€ as bE d oi b*Ber rlsn rh. pipeline supply,ns rh.3a Ihat b osoany achierd by havins the.aryo tank lid or. bnk washins htln open.

But whd vap.u. onhol and .nission Egulariom ftqui€ a d@d op.€hd (!,irh rhe .lsrinsbnr ahcphd€ fdced b exh,usr b shoE), rhe in.omiry noa of nft$da rire.jual io or rN rhm ine maxinum now of v:polr prsible rhtugh thc vcnhns sysicm rlrhe oPacity of the vapour Etum syshm is *.€€ded by lh€ now of nit%m hro a ds.d li€obn}, then the only dhs drld ir $rou8h dr re1i€l vaie, wNch win Fs enr derpasurkrion(hoqi, onravenii\g ihe vapoui ontrr ft8ul,rior) However, r& crp4ity d &)rh oudeE nex€ded, thd overp'Gur will (lar and drma8e b dE hr shdie may rolldw

'ftcplsuc d rhe flow m& orrhe in.dminS nnnsd husr rherefoa be $nroled usorashill h(e o! a reducr pnor b ihc minitold will atjd the dos rare blr pF$urt mGt beonrolled by ihe shore. a ga4r kill alos the ship ro nonid the pr.su.. ft is noiappropri c ro arknpi ituoriling a 3as flow by !sin8 the rhip,s naniford varve th.r ideigned b ontol lquid now Howcvn, the mmilold valve.an rd

49

nprd slc$ nop h incmcrll$.r: prc$urc sul+ n i,ris s notas!,olcnr is rni lrqud

$hershore n'pphed nitosen iJrobeused ror.lwi'rsor prrsjnrianenpq hnk thit his besndcinci ind sis fr(d, thrrorunc, nr()8$ rLluncd shourd b..ircurir.d ind.srNd (ink!,luhe nLkipled by dunbsori'n.sphe.e.h:nge\ ieded n) ie).hdryNssoro\vs.ner.rusion),b!.u\rwiththeao\rar.,Lrtrri',srhepretrurerpl.rnnin!

i,coiri r i kno$ n pre$urc I rnc sRDd hsurc in bri.k.b ind(ars (hc a$Qricdllv.od,piBl r)o l,gu'l l, l nH D

o r.eive 8ar i'no. tanr

.hans$, i € 5,000 rubn me@s ol nntugen, b now rhtuugh.

at dirrerent pRs{trd d hNd

Table 5 2 Time ro rc(eive s,000.ub. ndr.s ot gar wrh vaiour qauge pEsures and

whpn a Gr8ois rcquncd bb{.irnd undcc rEd or nnosen, anJ * B ne.essry k, ulenirrc$n su|Pli'{ frcfr sh.(, ir is behar ro pft8e ih€ €.rire hnr bafoiepurtirS ir onplprcd,lddinB thr.al3o in rcl.s.dcondiiionwilLcrca*lhh$eranr Th. nsk oa ovr.prclsunsiiion 6n tle sub*intullt rudu.edbvav.rin!pr,ldinswithsho(suppli.d ni ge.as aseparareprdrdmon.omplprionorhdins

However, irpiddinsuith shor. n,hiren his b be p.lr.rhed aher k,adin8, PlarrlnBrEori onmun.idonrrcd\*nrbl l}e slpply $odd be ihbush a smal

'st noi cx.&-d ih. v.nr capio$ ot t

op€nrion shourd t{ shFF.d wh.n: shshtovelPtu*utuer'\6ln rhe ul!i8.sPi.c,burahi.hd lc$ ihan ttu hnr pasutu rcli.fvahesetihS Irra vapou +ri.e in i kndcd r'nl nusual\5m:ll, *J deerpr.surisriio. . mdtr rcry sudd.nly, cspNiallIr .irli.a shi.h ihen b.emc ns|ndd or bllrked,nd:Jd t rheripidin.P.sei.rankPicsur

r,ntrnrdi! i' &irj,S ,rqr,l'oD' s/rn

wh.n prcpinng b r.dve .it%en trcm shorc spRiJ .nphasis should be tla.ed .n rhe

)00nm(31 rrohm(b) rmmm(4) {nn(2) r-nn(r)

srbd ',rr

006,m0) err(5i,0m) 3{3 (2odrir) 67(4,0i10) r1(7{n)

3.rbrr r,23'i(77,(ir0r 662 (re,700) 2.r3 04,61r) .$(2,e00) ets:{)

2 r br 336 (5r,m0l $7 (27,4m) 171 oo!m) I (2,000) 6 (160)

07b.r ,r7r (23,300) 2r{02,900) 30 ({,3{r0) r6n,000) 1(r7o)

arousqauqeprcsurcsrc.e€din1 minule(andI hou,)lhroush hosE ol vanous s z€5

50

. ship ind shoR shoul,l agrce in wriins on rhc gas suppltr, sp{irying rho votumc ftquircd,ihe now raE in sbndard cubic mdFs rr hi.u(, ,nd thc mxima in och .a*.

. catu should bc ta*en to osurc thd the yalves m ihc ldding line besen rho shorcmanjford and rhe 5hlP! bnk iR op€Iaied in the.ond scquence e lhr rhd ship is in.onholof rhe nfto3€n now The ship shoutd sbrion a crw hember.r rhc lmdinSianif.rd vrrvcdurhS rhc oprra&,n, evo wher rcmorp\.opaiahd v:tv6€rbcdofdmorequi.rlybya pe6on in rhp.argo..nhnr&mwhoh monirodnS bnkprNuRs'rhc

h. b€i posiii.n b&adprompity io anv orh€r€xrehal ind(aiion or rmuble.

. cir. shourd be rar.. b ensuic rh a ran* ro b. dried or ineftd has opcn lpnrs $irh a8r.itd 0ow r:re .apacirv rhan rhe inlei, such rhi the rank .trdi b. ovcrprcsurned.This k usralv ,chieved by havinF rhe .ary. ran! Ld or a imk {ashinS h,rh lpen

. u l{:l rqunem€nh tor lap.tr conrol demand i clNd venring.I ihr tank rhrcuEh avrpour eruri line ro sh.re, rhr nirnsen 0os, Gr and ppsur sholld nor er.eed rhe(iFcilv or rhe v€.riq svsren rosirivenersons ben5ure rhsshoutd bc aqFed.

. T l t h1r PINLF.ho ' ld

h-. lu- lv no nr rN d n1g fd op. id"n '

as wrth J h€t sass, theF is : F.id!, healih hrzard, and is nee*ry b ensurc ihar.rcw membe(rRnoiunn(csilyerpo*d ro v,pour b€ms veni.d riinei.d or pu$€{ wi& nio86

SF.ial ..n is nsry shen nit gen as a g.s G supplni b a ship diRrly rtunevaporitinS riquid niti.€en, ehc6m.s delnrred by a (rd bnker firkd wiih r vapori*r,bdL€ thc rclume md now rah 6n b€ difficuk to onhot r.d dp aare.d detivrry hsuresTr) F JnAtredl , dnd "udo.n ) A.a. lpd n, \ .o- ' ! ronhro;" roS( | , . ; lhliqui,r rom ro i6 3aeo6 r.rm is .pprcrimarely I 640 when any ot ihis .xpansion ishapp..ing in ihc delivery pjp.lim rhc nov rare b(omes unconrrcned, and n * rht Epldexpansion in volume that .au*s high presu€ to be @.h!d qftmeltr quickl!,

h Senerar, nnrcscn should not ba ddlirdtud b rhe ship rhk way, and rhe shjp should r,tuc$rhirftispmvidedfromsisheldinabutferrankrr'shipsu${rbrhaika.esofliquidnitrqcn arc adrinS ar rhe minifold \.rve (posibty jndi.ar.d by ne formins on rhc ship,slhes anJ v,lves), or thar other agRd pro.eduE are nor b.ing rottosed, the .pe.iiJnmouH be sosp.nded ud,l the apprrcni problems hrve ben $hsra.rorily rslved.

cemral pkartidns who prepariry for citao op.mrions aI€ de{iibed eanilr in ihis .h.prer,m.ludinS thcnc.{ fora liai{n hdingsnh thc tminal natlroa8Ra.or€ tim:lpl,nror rhe order of crrgo hindlins

conmmcnsi of lmdinS should be sLk and, bcfor rhe lull lcding rare h r*d, b.$ shipand shore iust bc $hsli€d th{ rhe lin€ are odrdy sdr and thather is no lc in rhesysren. Ai ihe *ait or roadinE, and ai n'3ular inbNats thrcu8h.f rhe plls, a .h.rk shoutdbemadethaic Aoisnoileakin8antahere

Duri$ routin€ una8ing and testins the rBponsiblc otic.r should ensure thai rhe pr@dur is.onducred a(ordiry ro rNil ,nd inrumational rslardiG, and rhri .ord pP.aurim forpeGonrr prd{hon arc ob$n cd.

c.mpas.d g,s is nnentu u€d bt a hminar ro pns produd our or 5hor hnls (5uch asn way wa8.m) inro dre ship, md rhdc G an inneEnt tuk ol N.rptauri$tion of rhe ship,scarso bnk Th.SasF6urcusedtorineop.rarionsvanes,burcan.angebceen25and5 bar. Ihe poinr or gr.dsr .(llffi 6 wh{ rhe supply inro the ship's bnk.hrns6 {.om tiquid

51

ro conpt6€d aas. causina m abrupr rd &amd. nree in ihe bnr filig Ee fr@ riquid* a flv hundad cubic netu Fr hour b ga ar seal L\ousmd cubic metu p€r hour x wilrbe an ftom Table 5.1 on p:ge 50 thri a significant volume of g6 will be rNiv€d in a fewsNntls thbuah rhe 1 a€ ljquid nlha lin€ overplarisatim of a cr.4€d bk.an (s! inssndt 6Fcirlly whfn the disrme fron the miJold to rh€ ra.t is snall or rhe vapouisF.@ in rhe bnr is lim sd. A .rew mumb€r rbtioned at tne mnifold will b€ b6r plaari b,rd{r and pict ro .ny indnaiion rhar rhe fld in rhe syshm h.s ch,need ho6 riquid b gas

Car nu* b. tikri as trnk b€.ome tull, espRially who lmdi.g a prcdone bnr simulbnsollyi dle to th. in.ftased r*k of an ovanow while bppina oft. Hi3hlevel ilamsand tanlov€ row.ontrcr alamsare sar€ry diti.,l iteas, and r@ding shourd be.! opcd,ri,-dulPc. hd.hrr

"iher ts nor horlmS!orKrl

The psponsibre ollier musr e6m dDr hks th,r h.ve be. bpp.d off are psFty imt.r€dLom ranks shll beins ldd€d. cago r.nls which have bpn bpp€d oll shonld b€ ch€rdtequotly dlriry ihe rmainins loadine op€nfioN b dekr .hans6 in liquid lnel, and ro

whcn neann8 conpietion or ldding rhe shore should tr noii6ed ind, it nResry, rheleding nh Fduad.

5.s.4 Cbatiry \htt? pipdilt*

wbm, afrer ompbhon of a produd. the shop pipeli.es ar ro b€.reaFd by rhe e.r ar mined eas {blow though) or by uF ot. line Kraln (pi$iry), the Rspmsible ol6.er mudensur rhar rh€re is strff'ci€nr spe in lIF hr d hls b accomn date th€ quanrity ofprodu.t in ifie shop pipeline, orhetris ca$o overnol llm a u may d.u.

Browing d\mu8h or piSging.ould .aus b in Eas in pft$ore, and ihe ei?dsibre or6.erly in order b avoid tanl overpK

la€r volune of nitregen or a;, that has bd under pIKuE in the shoE line Kapi$ inbrhe..rao bnk musr be bren inro a(ounr (R sdim 5 4 rn€ sne posibiriiy eiis's for f.brupt .nd dram.hc inRas in the hnt flins rar€ as is derrik in S€.rim 5.4 2 whaprsing, dehical dt of shoE tank. Duing a lire claring ope.arion it n inpotut th.!dminar shll Fact pronpdy when fi€ $raF is auSht in ih hap, in ords r. avoid all rne.ompr€gd prop€llina sas {ki.8 . lo.'le'l .ar8! bd.

Whd.lding .he litu aftr lddins a sbli. a(mdab.rrsq it G dBirable b rnninb€ 0Eintodudion ot B6 inb th€ rank whic]' will bubbl€ up rhrcugh the cl3o (R ApFndix D.3.s).

If nnrcga1 b uEd b cldr the.rrSo h@ arid loadins a .a4. r@Ed with an innib,br thald€Fnds on orygd, .are shdld b€ irga €nhriry rhecargo tan*. Not only m.y bubbling th. nihgd thidgh ih. liquid in the hnk depleb th.dislved oxygd and arr€ct dE inhibnfr by requi;ng n io br. oiy86 riM oE a66phmin ihe ullage spae, but it h al$ p.sible rhat ercsive n rcg€n {iI linger in ine ulag€ space.

wlH ld.ti.A of a pro.lud i3 conphEa, !h€ Elevad tunifold v.he on the rhip dd theshoE

'IDuld b€ cl*€d. Th$ will prdide epanii@ ot rhe ship and dE shoft sysh tm a

Sopl6 sheld be bk6 in a et€ na@r osi.g prop6 equipml sdbble ror tF .argoinvolved ad the p6uE anri.ipared. Sbage ol ffiples m tcnl shoult b€ shicdy.onblle4 rh€ Irc Code should b. E *d b fn 8lidane Crft should b€ gilen to labeling$d €ording or snpl6s, dd rhdr pdiod at dmtim.

AIk snpldim of leding, carg. h@s dd am Bh@ld b€.16red 6 agEd, rd sho'Idu y he dsdGhed hd lr€ mitoLc afkr tney h,ve bRn drah€d or .a{o €idu6 .n'l€lie!€d or any prsure (R sRbm s.e).

52

Afier fie tNrer ot a chemi.al er8o is ompleb/ e*abli:*Fl F!@dus should b€ lolowed

lnd +oF. Diromdion nBr o.ly klc ph@ afier draining oI @ryo 6idc and Elief otmy pGsu'q evs b.td. .Mgsct di*metid it ar all posible.

DNnnrchon of tlE he or c.ryo .rn at the shipt mirold ir a time wh6 rhe ca4oconrainment systm h delib€rately b@ched. Alrhdgn hop disl]mRtion is a burimoperahm ilEt nu* b€ Frtomed, shdld b. egaded 6 ohparable b opmiry up myothd oigo pipeli.e m d*. Pemel e.ga3ed in hq distrection sholld w€ar prcte.tiveequipmmr apprcpriate to tlE hardo ol rhe .aI8! involved wti.lr lor a highry bft ol8o

t soit dd bre,lhin8 'Pparabs

ca4G.aniedbyaclmicalrmkddifr6wrtiery;chnlrcbrislic5.ndnodeo,ho. i.&.nd th$ in *E crE rhet EqdE duing km . Duing rh€ voyage, aitsntion musi b€ paid iod'e rpeial neds of .a€6.

hen gas capacity shoull b€ sutdcieni lor ihe ariF voyage. Il siored niboea h r.lied !pd, itmust b. confimed prid b ailing dur rh€ ship ha5 sutficienr n rc3o on board ro be rbl€ roconply sith rh€ ineding requnddd

Regd*.rErs o i..L Mlslb should b€ tude b dtut fl ump€bd dErl3€ in liquid lael.calgB t€r L.ed oln3 tr lEtn3 murr b€ l6ilo'€d daily rnd. hp€Ebe lo€ *.pt.Sorne .arg€ aE liable b s€ll-Md under l*in onafiic (s se.ti@ 1.4 and Appodjt c).Car3c tbt my sU 6d should b€ hdibrd daily in oda b ded my abnmalb€hlviou *mddy see UnexFkdchmg6ot6dlp@t@ ft d inFtur drly indn brot a p@tbl. *lr-€tuhdt drd .hrim dflll lE 3ilg b suing tlat ey rqrir€d h@ringd6 i.t.ae Fn or tr @go b b€otu oEhead. Cr'€blbarion of innibiktl liquid c.r8Bon lead b d€?letim ot iihibibr in parc oI dE bnl s.m€nts 0da@ tne inhib$or dc notcrlelll€ 6 w.ll) rd sub*qlmr l€mtiry ol u1F crysbls a tlc yieLc pmrd otuinnibid liqlid, r.lh ttF rGt of surbg ddgd$

-lt-poltlmisrimwfth iihibit d c.ra6, rhe p@unoa md linihriom derrid in m€ inhibibr cdifk.kshodd b€ .,Etuny ob€.fled. It otrol of ft t nk abn*pheF b b€in8 u6€d, ul.g€ s?.€should b€ mnibEd Eaula,ly b ensuE tiar rh€ od ab6prt@ fd Nerp@ue ebeing minbin d. Mcr inhibibts .E d tndslvB volarile, s $ey do mt yaporip vith rheot3o ad ae slikely io b€ pllsi in .a€o hpou$. Tl\efttoE, polyndistio. tuy @rwhere orgo vapoE od.m. Srh pl,G as imide vor vakes and flin€ ,rcr€s shouLcbe E8rlarly insPe.ted, and dy blc*age by slid polyneB pronpdy.leared.

T1E gmnl pteutim wih pr€pr.$ lor G'Ao o?erariln, dedl'.d elia in rht c]r.ph,bhould b. ohsed pdd to ard during di!.h.r3q dd shodd txhde a lhis rE€tin8 wihdE epoilibb i.fiimr rhll ro ag@ n op6ti6ar pbn Itr tr order ol ca4o hadliry.

P.mtuhr at|€ntid should b€ paid to st'lpl or3o di*hntge e9!ipn6t, sld as put6 'ndpmpIm v6tiiari6 (F sdim s.3:).

Jut prid ro ming dis.hrge the Epomibk orfrs shour,i dK* rh.t dE 6g0piFlin strh tu et cdKd, $rt c()ld v.lv6 ae opa, dut v.lv6 not bans u*d aeclo*d, aid thal *F caqo vati!3 3ysten iJ apFoprial€ tot tF.argo oF6!o.

53

{,na r v.pou brlance i' ro lE 8.d by tuing in6r gd dbpraed lrom the 3hof ftivingtan* to 0E dnp, 0E pttsr n\ 6e ship's e€o hk nur h€ sE1lny hmibr€d, and

e ovE or undsl$ur€.

Ar rhe srlrt of any 6l@ding, ana ar ftelLr inbrab rhrcWhour dp op€rarim, .hRlssho'Id be mde b mre ind crAo ir d lsr.ing.

51t.2 Atldint nibqn h tuihki, ovtpre\

wno ubadiry dgc dEr hive b b€ .dri€d nder a blanler of nir%.n, it m.y b€I1.qe.r ro tuuE rh.t no .ir i5 dnM inb dE rar*. TteFfoF m overpe$uE of nituge.shorld be nainiained as $e liqlid l*el f.lls DE nftbgs . be Euppli€d fbn sbredconpEsed g$ or lron a nih%m gmraror on bMd, rnd be i.tudu@d inro rhe h* ulhse

Bur if it is nsary b ob{ain nitu€a frm rhe shdq n is e.shat thar rh€ pFrffiferdrhsion includB agr€flent o the nituga flow rab dd preur€ !o be $.d. Alho!8rrt'e ov€rpKue requtred tu e il& tlun abour 0.2 bar, ft is uu.l for rhe shore njlr8asupply sysh b be w€ll abov€ fiis rtuq pshaps as high as 7 bar Parh.u larly in rhe earlysbg6 when rh€ ulaae spaeis n mrll, it is p.$ible 6r rhe n& rate to uiced rhe bn*voting 6paci9, and 60r an derp65uft b develop. A sfe PIeriuP is b up a ptauErcduci.g device on rF njrq€n ppry lire, rd 60 h^e , .alibrard sause snowiry rhepcsur in rh€ pipeliru. TneE shourd be dnEt commmictim sirh the ruminar, and rheship sholld nonitor cargo tank uIaB€ spde pftsur thmu8houi.

5rr 3 sur/,s o/.op a'r'!6

Aris rhe cariaSe of aninar and veadabL oirs nd fag llmul s,eping or rhc.rrao bnks i5usu.lly n6esry ro p$h the emi-liquid esidrA hards rhe pnp sa.ion 60 ohpleb Lhedisdarge, and b€to€ cmlMcing bnl cleni$: (The pcs is nm.rim6 .alred'sgueaeing or'puddling .) Despft. dE Mtual arigins ot rh. .a4o, it 6 *nhal rh:r efetyp€auhd3 ae ob*md m mry Nsion rh.i p€mel aft enr inro an sded spa@.Potnti.l dangss wifi gaes effirbed by L\es.a$6, not alwaF durin8 purRfactim, arc

'Ir'e bnl sholld b€ lGhaniolly @rilated tor at ha3r l lbur,.omurftndy wfih dirhitxo roo$F ib ahGph# is stu for ary withonr b@rhing apFi,h6 b€'@ sweprg b.ginsft. aquimdb foi bnk mtry i. S€(hm 3 3 .nd rhcpheE rsringobswd, ad

'n ftlG€d slae e.ty p€mit i3€u€d befoE peffil enkr rh€ b'*

vmrilatid shonld onrinue duriry rhe swepinS op€iarim. A Epmibre Fen shoddrm.in in .tbnd.ne ar th€ bnl enhy fiarch rhuShout the sephS oFntim, r€€pi4 rhep€llmd wfihin 6der obs@ation.

lf at .ny time rh€ q$m lev€l falk b€lw 21%, de r.nl nu* b€ vacared util the orygaldel h,s ben rstoEd by vdlilation.

5 11 | Conpkrior ofdis.ha\l

ft is enti,l b redue llF cargo Eidue h a b b rh€ nininum ahiMhle. T,nr! should b€3bipp€d a..ording b rhe tquiMab of the rhip'3 Pd.A M.nual.

wta dis.harge ot a pnduci is omptekd, the relevant manilold v.lve on the ship and tpshoft should b€ cl6€d. Thc sill ptovjde eparadd ot th€ ship and rhc 5h@ ryrb tDn araiLre or o@xp<t€d adim in rhe other Ar opfirgr @ @go bnr. !*d ior d',r p6dmthBr 5e 6naly cled dd *flFd.

Ari6 onpleiio of dis.har3e, lin6

Catao h@s or ame m$t 6ly b€ dl*onneted hdn dF mantfold after tney havc b.€ndnirEd or.arga Eids, md Flined ormy plaR Tteinpotu rhir drurd b€ paid bsale dist]lm{tim i3 deib€d in s(tion s9.

54

Mmy modcm.hcmi.al rrnk a fred rhe sesre8aicd bi ii rc9unenen6 ofMARI€L,rndrballan s.gi.s*cd balld rankft snunb..ban)

someiimes, hoscvrr, ii may be nRsart b road brrrr$ anhr inio ca€. rrnks,:nd bdnRdoh8 e the r€F.nnbrc officr sho tci n or .on rains cdSorcsniuG rhd miShr ruet n a h,irdous minncr w h rhe baltad a?erh* hat not btcn dcined may .ause nanmabr., r*i. or corrcsiv. rapouK ro b. .xp. ed onr)orarmd rhe.ar3ddc(kaD

ovsnow,anddi$h.rsinsofballasrIomao$obiknu*ontvhkeptacin?rord .ea iih ihe MARToL c.nren(f ind l(at re\luncm.nrs. Ar rhe nad of debr

'siing, cspdally

rmmcaryotanrs, indar rc8urar inren als rh!.ughout the op€rarion, censure rhar .ar8o rsiduc n noi cnt riry rhe sea.

hhen emPtyins ballas bnks,.ar3oBa .si bnk lids sh.urd rhorcf0e b.

upd .ompre6.n or b, r1' shns or deba lldrinS an ran I opennss used shou td bc ctoscd a nd

laFou6 hiy bc dr m inro rhe ranr thmrgh .penjng.*cpr do{d who b.t} .3r. and bilti(rcb.in€

Thep op€rarions art tulry dekribed in chaprer z r%crher sirh rhe asd'red eferr-

11re ship io ship lsls) dmsrer or c,rg€5 .arned on chemicJ tanLu iand rhe lollosing Krion .rms*s sne sp€.iar eferv ,.F.ds or thc preFararions andpnedt€ th' h,y be found n!(ssary for sTs oppraiio.s

'Ine suidancc .ovcB ca'to rinsrer openti.ns in opa wars ,nd nFdshads, eirher b€tuemrw. .h€mi.al .rrtts, or bcMEn a .hemi.al carier and ba€a. Ii is ndiihir8e io r baiSe frm a .hdi.al .,he! ara,dy ar a hminal bcc.u$ rhri is .onsideredb be normal .a$o hindlinS undcr ihe sup€rvision and .onr.r of ih. p.d o! eminrl

N,visarioml md ship handling Np..b of an sTs op€raiion bdseen .hve4 sinil'i ro dbse of ,n sTs.*ratim bcMen oi1 hnkeB, as deirjbed in rhe lcs/ocrMFpubli.arion ship io ship Transf€r cuide (Petureui), whlch shoutd be oEulrd (Elcftd ioas rhe sTscuide in th. following wrion$ rhe 8uid. ar{ pnn ides adviG,boui sp4,ale'tuipmdr ne.a$ry, rnd preFind or.dnhnsmcv Flans for dealinA $irh ener8en.ies. ln8ened,obp mceorrheprd€d! bnssilea reminarwirl

pn plrnnlry or L\e .perabn, nodng innan.es whse short.pruvision ol nat€riil! or labourfor handlins equipm€.r k nornal reminar pr,.rie, ,nd idddriing d b{*rd or e{emrleulG ot mtcnil or p.Mmcl io perlorm rhN duti6 duri.B rhp ship b ihip dpdatid,

55

Ingoeral, is rhe rFp.nsibility ot the shipy op€ratoE and agnb b obiain any pemisionlrmsry for a ship b ship rrstur oFrrtioq 6p{iany the kansfE @, is widrn rlEjurididion {,f a pod authdit.

ch{* List 1 in the sTs cuide shoull b€ us€d ar rhe plaming sbSe ro dsle ofp.nbitity ofships and theii oigo h.ndling equipndt nE E{al primiplc ol a ta$Ier, rhe area inwhid the taNrei wil br€ plae, and t]'e snpadbility ot rhe shiF sholld tollow tF advnein rh€ SIS Cuide wiih sfery always the prinary 6nsi&ralim.

ship op.ra6oc or rhe l@l agent should advie a Mbr abour d(nnmt don pquiEnenb,6pe.i.ry osbms dmmmtario4 w€I in advd.e or the rmrd. ri is l1mal for thequntit nansren d b be asred b€twm lrBt€6 oI both shjps in amrdbre with opd:60/s

when pr?rnng for . ship ro ship bamter rhe ho lrEre6 involyed should age at theeadi€r oppodmny m every 4pEt or rh. tansfer prcduF, and a8r€ which p€Mn wilr bein Nerall .dvi$ry Mrol of ore op€rarion (rhk my b€ om of dEn or r dp€nd.ed sTsslpeiinrdddt) At all hre, h$ev€r, a.n mder wiu Emh luny rsF.nsible 60r ihestety or hh own ship, ii. dd and ib .argo, dd mud not pemit stety to b€ j€p.rdised.

fte flS Cuide giv6 rdvi.. m esbblishins olMuicrtions at dre €arli6r opportunity, andpbvides ,n snple of an iniial voyaSe in$tudon s*Ehcbry onmuni.arion bs'm theko ships involv€d is an Nntial EquiPllHi tor a su(Asftrr ship b lhip kansrer @eratio.NeidE appech and 66nn& nor umeriry, should h€ a&npred bnl satisladrys'mbicarions ae esbblished, ,nd if dlrin8 caigo ope*tim theE b a bH*doM ofonmuni.arions o € hs ship, all op€mtids shonld be slsp€nd€d lntir they ae

5.144 NougttioutwnnXs

'Ih€ p.M wifi dqarl adviery qLol should adange for bMdca* ol a myigariona]wmiry atour de hGf€r, as dsrib€d in th€ srs cuid€, and shftld dfge for irecanell.rid d .ohpldio. ol rhe opfration.

314.3 wathlt ondiiions onn l^itoti.ns

It h inpr&ti.able 60 lay down d'e liniE ot w6th$ onditions !nde! which STS bmferoperarim cm stely h€ €di€d out. All ayailable w€arher fotesb foobtained beto€ the ope&rid b€ains Ttus .ny d{ision b prre€d wit be h*€n in rhe lisht olb6t,vail,ble rnowle4€.

5.)46 Pr.tt 4, lep8rti6 at &h ship

Pnpar.tim m e.ch ship in FadiBs tor $e oFration, ih€ appuci of rie shiF b e.choths, b€thing and nodng ot tlE ships and sfety predufts whcn aldE ide .E aU welldsribed in fie SI5 coi& wh6 Feprdry €€o lsding rd d&.hdging pl,s, de ftgardsho d b€ giva io eBui.g dBr ad€quh 3hbil y is minr.ined, h l slre l?min within6-8!ing linib, and th.r fit€ suif.e etfe.ts ar k pt to a niiinuh tiriouelod.

R€nat€r thar nomd shore Isulg wil nor b€ .vdlable md rhat pnor ass€ssmr willhclp ro avoid horc.t deisioE thnt ould ompound an tuEscy .nd ie@e the peril tor

1he cdgo opda66 Bhdld bc plamed and .ead beNd dE h{o shtF, and rhdld hclldcinlomation 6 rhe tollowh& whs€ aFplioble:. QMtfiy oI eidr grade of..rao b b€ raruI€ftd, md rhe sequme ot 3rad6. C.Iao data hon d.b shs, and copi6 of tb€ dab shels if avallabl... f,idiis or dgo kansf€r sysh b b€ E4 nnb€r of pmps and ruinh plsu€.

56

. Inihrl. D\nuf and bpptrrSolr punomSkb ftFdiej,,$$ rlup 3houtd b€

'rffid h tu R.nin8ehipof rhe fow

'rts. Fquir"d fo'6.n or 6ed f€mr phrqd

rhe caBo oprr.bn.. Notie ot rar€ .hanCe and k cl€r shlrdoM prNdu€. rf vdriaUoB in rdfei i,i.

sub!.qumdy bMe 'l€*ry

tlue b cidGbn€s on one ship, rhe other should beadvi*d a.ordinAly

. Eme$mq md sFll onhimar preduE

. wabh or shifi ananBdenb.

. crfti.ar srages of rhe op€rarim.

. Lo..l and gove,lmdt rulB dEt appty ro the baNf€r

5117 cjjlo tnnsld oyntbns

whm dE ko ships ar€ €!€ly nmed, and b.toe.aqo rt?trt€' omnen.6, r6epreransfer cndts should b€ srisfaftnly .onpte&d (s chek Lisr 4 in rhl sTs cuid€) rnaddition, aturion shtuld b€ given ro.mpldjm, a3 lar as practi.able of ttp app,opdareship/sh@ Saf€ry chRuisi (c ApFdix L).

HG sbirys should be or sulichnr larsrh 60 rvoid oveFsrsins and cftaliry dmugholr dEcrao 6,turii ro ebbthh rhe onRt h@ tenslh, chi.s6 in Flariv. rfteb;d mJship

mr Onty h(rg in amd .onlfiion and suibbte lor rh€carso ro bc baJsfer&d should be used. The aFd hmter 6re shoutd not ex.Rd rhemn a.tuu's Ronmended fld ai6 for $e .rrgo hops.

vapour Etum and vaFar balane betuen ships du.in8 an sTs ap€r,ndn .u b€pdkm6. rb nain adlanbge wil br ro linir nre ned for v.pou Ft6e b atmBphqemd (]lg erpcur b th. vap.ur. Bnl artdhu must b. given ro prcviada$emmt For sn€ .ara6 sp{ified in the IMo codes, vapour @rud is mandabry, andsrs ops,tim6 wiu be deFndor on Fdision or .o@ v.p.; ren equlPnenr.

ThouShout c.€o opsabni the dirha€in8 ship and thc reivinS ship should €ach *arioa Bpdsibto p€Mn ar rhe.a'to hanilotd aPa ro ob+,e rh€ hRs and ro.hEk for leaks rn.dditio, rnimghour rhe .a4o hnsl€r, the difhrqing ship should sr.iion a FspoNibteFeF equrppd r ir],I p.{br! rrdior orr,d rhe.dsopunD.mturs rJblprdid d.rqu ?d Re3ll.r kfth hF(16 r."nd orpr.Mn..i,utd6prrdcdpMdnrheNoships, &d rhe rsutb lossed. Any difrelfts or .nomalis eveated should b€ carctu v.h(kd, and il nR6giy .argo op€ntioN should b€ susp€nded unril rh€ difteMes ;e

D#ns .aryo hns'€r, rpprapnar ba11a* op.ratiois should b€ p€rtormed .n both sftips hes in fieboad, and ta ,void ae

rirnSorAirhpr qh,psholld b.d6dcd aepr "r

rpq,n{ hr,:4okn} didiningon d.

Reaardles or the tp€ ol ship, any battad shich is dis.har8ed ovedG rd should be clean Alldher balla* shourd be dahed 6 bod or rtrs'srd b rh€ di$haBing ship.

5.143 canpbtnn ofdtsa trtEf.l

After .omplehd of . to tdstur, rll hes should b€ drained inro thc r@ilinS ship pritr io

Diidftddg or.arso h(x6 should @ive carcIul atrenrion, as n n ,und€daken by ship s Frlwt. The Sxidan.e b setjon s 9 should b€ n r.d. cargo mmjtoldsand .a4o ho* should b€ €urelv bl.nle'1.

Reraanr aurhorities, if any, should be intormed of odpteiion ot cdgo ratufer and rh€andcipakd tim of mmoiin8. Any navisarionar wming issued should b€ canelled

5f

CHAPTER6

53 Sdn-ollrdc.6

6,{ Mdho.r. 'f

R.tr.d!l T.* aridPh.6

6,s Aptuotronbc.rgoTr OFdi.r.1 M.in enrc ot d i*tt atncphc2 lrdiryd Puaine of oPty tanl33 t ading itu tu€rhd b*s

5 EiEIurE. oI ago d barb$ f@ ineted bnks

.7 6as freing n indl€d t n*

6l raddm [o a$id H..lth II:2ri.

2 l.en 8s m dE c.rao ds.r

.4 Scru65€r,nd od@re war.!

Ertu.r h.rt G.r 6 lnllltdLd Ci.r'loL

ConlrololT l Atuph.g f.r C,'ao Q{.llty

59

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLOF VAPOUR SPACEIN CARGO TANKS

rhis .turtu d(tilB uys ol nannd"r$ a no trniebk ot ,nnrddiu hnk rtntuspht? rhtl'st1tr. n* \tl itldt lns or rvth. u"drtn It 16, in {dldt lttfl:.Ihe ip.,tiotltth. sytrorhltuhinht thn n *a tudiba th.Feltnns k tu trkot la teld tna .|Jhttutl

tu !!idd& at th. ortatnn al ttu wlnrht s!4tn littd b' t tt1jp, kJ i.. shout'1b. nrtu ta thlship\ oqrhons nnnnl, thz tltip,tu\t tmn|lTrtn, s t"!rudk6 Md k.tttktian atu!,irss Th.tMo ctt.t.tnrs Iot tna cn sysktns 3t1rnt,1 @ntnkdht rtnndtuit d,ryhnttiorot|ttrptit.irkt b.'n'd th. d.sqn rnd op(rrn{ pnrr6 ot |wtut jrd ildt p! Eyn n^

h, a .].kit.d d&tipran ofld 31s st!t"6 ahd thn, ,*,,?l b Appt dix E.

Ir'€ rcguiPnenb and pncties of inedjig drso r.nks on .henical hrhos on orl knle6, acpr tor ihop cheni.ar imk

^ whrh h;ve la.gr .

.apa.jry hk washmg ia.hm.\ rhe usuat Fa$ns lor .a€o ianrs !o bc pu €ed or fr,r ca ql€s.n chehi.al enkeE ar to ivoid

'eaqu,iitv onrrcL ]nc vipour lurlage) spa.6 wi$h .a€o tanls, 5nd n sspa.a suforndi4 rhe .a4o ian}al, nay requiE sp€.jally.mhll€d ahospheB

chemical enkeB wirh individual .ar8o hnk or 3,00rmr oi bi8ad, d whrh h,( tars..apa.iry bnl washing n,chiG (i e with a nozzle throuahpur ol morc rhan 17.sn i p.r hou!,na.hine rhrcushput Stsrer ihan iil,nr pe! hou., or btal wah now p€r.argo r l gnderrhan l lom per hou, .re quircd ro u$ rh€ir ind 8as systeN when cafyrS tow flasht mr.hemnaL in ihe* .a4. bnL. For shaller ianks onhiniry .hemnars, ihe sunmary ofnininum rcqunenenk in dE rBc code stars whar envirenmental conrrcl is ncsary, ilany, for sf€ry Hsons. AddiiioMlly, chemi.ar bnkeB of 30,000 dwr and over .artyiry oil.a$H wjr be jequred io fed ar ca€d tank ubinins perolem ppoint ot 6oPc md ls wnen a ch€ni.al bnker is r€qunud b kanspod oil caryfts, rhere.onmendations in ISTI about in.i las should b. iollowed

The puision md e or r ind 3a sydd is sp..ified by rhe soLAs convenhon. To n€tthe SOLAS rcquiftmenk Ior non-nambitity, an inei gas sysr€m m!* b€ .ap'bld oldeliveinS ined 8as wiLh an oirc€n contenr oI nor hore rhan 5.i by volune in the ined sasnain ar any rcquircd n€ ot now Ihe syshf nu* alb b. abre rr mainbin a FsniepEsur in rhe .aryo hks at all iim6, such rhar rh. hk ahosphere has an oxySen cont€nrof mr more rhan a% by volume. Foi carge *hich the tBc cod€ cquils ro b. cani.d in .n

bn* ahGph€r should be ob*Ned uJ as a lown &!r is spRided

For some.nr36, $e rBC Co.l€ Fqun€ vapour spre wilhin a3o ranls ro hav€ spRially.onhlled ahospherts, pnn.ipally if th€ ra.non bttum .algo and atr would cae ahaz,rdotrssiiuation, or if rh€.a4o has a low audiSnitid bnperatuq ai has, wid€flanmability ranae. ln€rtins nay als. be needed for carso qualiiy conhl puip*s (Rsr.rion 6 3)

67

Th* ac fou Rognis€d h€rho& ot mvill]mmd onrrot td cargo ta.b on ch6i6lkdpF . drynl3 iic+r8 0 pul3in3. p.ddins and \mtiLhon rl d,;r.t red 3ad F u_ed ro

wr'en id nf, o- p.dd nc 6 pqu'H. (.F +dt. be uten b huF lnar rhtre j dn cdslaf!ppr. orlhp mdn3ypdd nf,a3mtson @d. in rde, !r rhp Rqnd rcad,hd,; b"

, sp4e rhroud\o$ $e nende,l t oFBe

r i. 16r impodanr rl-r h.5'ps ifd otvsm.nr y€ $shr i5 resutarty re.h drdrui i ta jned in cmd ko4od.r

wrodfr i wakrftclive G4o h,s io be cadi€d, dr caryo bnr ahcpheE nwt have annortuT $d harr rrpd.lToad beroEtud,ns | ,prlpnrr dn{h Fad.m sih hcrBo ro, Fr.@ h. rh. elgo hnr.sdried 3e0r.\ \i,h n,h%m orwit spa ir J dnedd.r.dd hh +. r.nl and d*idr{ p pnBrd equ,pmmr4e {[d wirh md"tuFrR b.d \.qMfrh,.ddepohi of ,4cft orta5 Ihpdp..i,mtu.houtdb.qbb[-h!d;ntrb ro:diry rnd nr nuffd,luin8 tftdne. rarD.i or e: a1d diahdlac

Tne hr@ rding d pu€mS Send,xy rcfer to L\e relacen€nr ol ab h a cartu bnk b! m]n f,asrhu,tr flhsn,. md rhe mintuK or h; Mdi,o b p-,mr iiF k,n.',tm ar.Tmabk mntuFd dr3o \ape, and 4n. d ropFrq r.hfl,.rtFddm bfs4r o\)gtrand rhp. d3!, tn4h4 o' pu3ir3 n"v : 5o b", .cv^ ro Fdu. p |!. huJd Mdelpor:.,d 6?dtupher hnhin rh. @rso i$h o, b prord sequ4t,h nr rh'aiso ,h a;_.Jl

nor bpmntud hb bl trhPt) d'ff.'mr L* or rhe F,m, in.rqlpFd

Inpe,hrof fcMS w' mm:\ bf sp. rned bL rTcdSo.h,ppeF \ofd,n$,n d?.

l4]l* r crgo r€acb with oryg6 fi ne€ds ro be i$lakd 166 air. padachis,ryrh$ b €uRd q lh. rB( cod". oy duE r,ujLbh d^ pa. o;, bvfl of tjquid

wnm: dr3^ i\b 4 u*d rlp o1go krl rrd ,eabd pip,ngsyrrerr.houtd be frumwrh rhp %pdr. dd hpp'ff is!\ouldh.lomp tu b.loFtddin8!b,b urNMrhm.h\. mdhud F spdripd whm. tjqu,d,Burt\ uaF,/ 6 btu€ i shoutd bc td.edhb in< . cryornr hd b $p Fqu'Rd d?rh .nd de oryo _rDrtd rlen oe tsd{ rhrcu8hcdrgo p.p,13 rh.r ed,kd nerrrhcbtum of nF br Tlenda cd ns kre.houtd b;slok €mwh io mble a {able h.ibnbl inrfrrre b b€ dev€loprd bd{; rh€ p.ddinsLiquid and !h. c€o. One rhis ha b6 rchiev€d fic todinc rar€.a. b€ incred:d. -

D:ddm3 '.

dl5. rd b tuinbm 6e qJ4tib or $e drso by pmE qns r r'm an. ud rru<pds iorh elted bt'l em3, i5 *"rt,

-'to-.d ;ft; ih"

-'s. i"r b."n tordcd b,rs

nitugo * lok pt6!E rd low 0w eb A et€ practi@ is h intudu.e rhe nib%e. die-dyhio the ca+o b.r ulaae spac d jnro the ship,s .a,So line, pF eabty shS rhe stiip,scqdpnenr rd ga\ \Lpptv Hoh 4c.. a ,tupp€r m:v lp€A ttLr njtuBd oia row; puntlb. ued. vpplcd 6)

'h. +oEu$auy,r, F,Bhe pl\r. f wtu-h;y brehpg L;

tuJrd be pLeed pnor 6 loddin8 b lRk J pad ,er ledhg D onpleh.

Monibrina of rh. dla3€ spae sho d b€ drtied out ar r€gdft irbils ro 4!re rhrr theotret allrcPhee B b€ing mainrain d.

62

A r€w pmdlds 'egune

ventilari.n$e ullaac sPaG ai or b€low hall ol'rne vmtirario cm be either forcd

he cig. raPou con.enhatnin inthoughonr rhs Fiod of cniage.

N rogen G rh. primry nediu( for ineitiry md paddinc ot crSo tank on .h€ni.,t r,nkeE.

\ turn$ppl ipdbvr\e. \D.s-,a4<i terbcprNu..doberc4.rRded.eg frcaPl*U?.!Terd{D'or i i rerbrurpep:. : io1 scnq. ' .a, ininSs oI ompr€$d niir%en {.rd on bGrd rf the nihgen srpply syiem is lftarcd in .cla$ A nachinery sp3.c, r d€vne ro pFmt backllow si * innaxed, bur on a chcmicalhnkei e nnrusen *pplt frud b€ dry so a eae! *at cmor be ued, and a dry aat wilt belnproyed ft is ehrial rhit rhe iflegriiy ot lne *al is mainhin€d. Ir ihe nitus;n supFtysysh i3 wiihin in€ cargo ,rcr, I primar),

-at is nor pqied

Tnedesj3nandin5e|lationoImonbdrdnitr%engderarorwillha|tra, rhrSer4doJ..JrdLi.hrn f:. h o,!g"n .i, h \.l'ntur otu + .utd & m4ophi6o i , detur . otuid4''.n rtFrl,r dd6rernd p,pn,r .i,,.d b.rhar is resistan|o oxidaiion 6rGbn, rnd uy .o,$im hot6 sholld be rc?aipd psnpdv

. dr8o bnr5 ourp! Jno p,pctfe .v4'm \ irh tuh..sf,{pDlFd rar .h.T 4nd odr q 1 tusenfam+.reb' rh;prpo€ .1'q|FqL+ioFElon (K :;edion s 7 Io! suidre on ife op€ntional pceduE). Tlle t.adins pr(ss isan inpanaft *a3€ in ca$o h:ndlins

on .arsc:re cdried, inen Eas nay be g@ahd on b.a'd by oil tiredplanr or rod boibr nue 3a, h shich rh€ oxySm n h€ely rcpla.ed by

syshm Ie dtrib.d m Appsdi E, indudinS ddaib of thc rypi.al

In rhe.y,n dre die disriry .hosphere h a ranl ould be eplicd by an equal votune orred 3,s rhe reuuiry hnr tm6phlre woLdd h,ve rh€ smc ory8en rev€t ar rhe incomhgin.i, gd. ra prdc. hok 4tr. , Snod deat or mNnS br c. ot4.e o rff3 ,n ...Fanr { ihd: r , iLnpor 'Fd Ba..qualry\ , rd lLnI \ . lurFnlrbp n,vdJed j ,or1c b, . b.ro,rrhe dA;€d r6ulr can be a.hieved o,e 01 tuo disrjnd pri)lrss, dilurion d dbpl...menr,

Drrdrm br6ol4ewhpnrhp n.om,ns,nedFa, tuF $iF $eor 3irotr d hon%prtuu. mi\ruF rhrcJ3h.u

')re rnl!o ur. d\ rl. pr fs rcrrinlF, rl.

on.mhatDn ol tJE d€inal sd d(nas prcgre$ively. ft is inpodnt tnalh€ incomingined 3as has suftcimr .niry vetei9 ro pmdrak b rhe bonon ot ih. hnr, md a Lhn

"ih.rtorc b. pra.ed on the nunb€r of tanrs whrh cin b€ irerhd shukrnsuly

Displal]mdr d€?e'ds on rh€ lacr rhe f.d ss is stishdy ushb. or didrty haviei $m rheddring gas in a ianl, $ th* when the itud sas enbF the ranr fi€ eiishns s.s rrcd.or ied !vh"n u. i rc h! .n\vd ihmmn,nr rr .d rhcnedF.,r .a\n) d e1b\e r,tu rotuhh4 d.bl.l-or7dD.

'nrf4e ro bc d.\ plopd betum

aapiry aa$s, arrhough in pndi.e sme dituhon inevitably bkA ptae.wins io rhebrburre caused by rhe ined g6 flow. Ilre neinod generally altows seral tallr ro b€ided or Fig€d sinultmusly.

al

whKhsa m.rhod is emptor'€d, ir is vital L\ar srfiicienr ovgen or gs h4surmenb apbken to.hek t]'e effi.if,.y of the op€rariorc.

a hiitur of ind sas and nall]mbb 3a wh6 vened and mired wilh an can bNneflanmble. the rcmrl eLq pEautft bkm when vmring ltamable Bas should

Cew memb.F stDlld b€ awr€ ot pftnrial haza.ds b healrh ttm imn gas d orygddepke,r rhGphen in dE vicinity of bnr vob and odeb.

6.5.r Mrirtmnc oI rn tntt atn$phm

wnd caryin8 a ca€o that rquic the ahGpheF to b€ in€ft, mat atupheft slould bemainbined in an iFi .mditio at all iims, prior ro and dunns bndiry ol caryo, on passSeby ea, du.ng diehrrgc of crso and uniil in€ tMk is aas fred Th€ 6nl ahospheft shouldb€ mhrained ar a pos iv. prsure of at lea* 0.LY bar, riting .aF ro prsenr my iie in

rtilq or rhe ianr p&$ur rctief v.lve.

It mn b€ enphasi!€d d'at the prcHid provided bI in in.i Eas syshn depends on theprcpe. oFrarim and nainrmne ot rhe eniiF syshh k $ p,ftcula.ly impotur ro ensurtrhai nm rebm b,dc$ tun.rion corRlly so (har rhere is .o Frsrbir yliquid Pasha onr .r rh€ ca€o ara.

6.5.2 lntni,.8 ot p!t|i,g olnptr tdntl

wnen finiry an dded bnk, rhe ined g4 rhd is drph.€d should be venred rhrcu3h rheappmpriah venrinS syshm. on mnpreii.n of 6rg0 roadin& rh€ tank shoutd be shur downand the ihosphere overp€sure m.iniaincd as rcquned.

whm rh. ca4. rnuiG m ined ahospheft, id 3rs sh.uld be inrrducd inb ihe opry hJ*rhrdSh dr d6hbufio. 6ysh rhile vaiins rh€ ajr in rhe bnr b ahGphse. Tlis opsdnrshourd.o.tin€ htil d1e oxySo oht is at or b€1tr the value Equircd tor rhe .a'F.

wnen indinS k iih n,rrtd riom ashorc, ihe pn$uF wthin rhe ranrmoaror"d.ove?F-L i$h.1nr a hlr F,nrddnse' n'o' dtsru$id w'rl rh" ref r:.kpremr.rive i3 6mhJ ro agR a now rare ror in€ nid%en rl,e.,p&ity or thc tank,smImr vendnS sysem nry ndr b. adcqu.ie ro a.omodar€ rhe mxaddlioml r'frrina .apa.iy win ne€d ro b. u*d A der.iption oI the operatioml asp€.b is

6.51 LLstln* l"ta innt.t tonrs

a pcirive prtsoi€ or ined 8as shorld be mainbined f rhc ulagc apae ot .n inera,l cr8ohnk ai a rim6 in ord€r ro pr€veni ihe pGsibr€ in8rs of an. rr ihe prsurc l:rs b.row theset l- el of ihe low prsure alarm, p6ilive adion should b. ialm b reFNuri$ rh€ iankPresure ras is ndrmly ,s.iaEd kith faling an a.d s., bhFrtorcs or rea!"se f'on i'nl

InlhefiEtca*,whercairmayenhrthelank'iiisallthemo@imP6na

r?ar:gs.f eaping 8as tnm iank openinar aie ofrd deteded by their noi*. Duing theearh lor a leak, peEomel shouid be aware dur ca€o vap.ur my be induded in $eekapins Eas Parhdlrr ,tenton hu* be given to the erl o, bnk hakh$, u1h3€ lids, hk.leaning machine op€nings, P/v va dily eliminated shouldb. marked ind re.oii€d lor .itmtjon ai ih. ne{ suitable opporbn )

6r.t Dk,hdv afuryo ot bttlGt fm ,ndd b,l3

when carryiry a careo thar 6quic rh€ atuspheft ro br imried, n my b€ cesry rominrain the ined 8as slpply $rcu3h@t car3o or baltad disharge opaatioG ro pFveft anenrering the ianrs. Trtrcwnoui the unl6din3, theGfoE, fi€ ory3m .ded .nd p€sue otrhe ,md sas supply mrsi bd .aFtully nonfior€d.

wrr€m a lapof bala(. is u*d ro ruiun oE nitu8{ displacd r6m th. shop RivinS bnrto the ship, rhe prsme in ih. shipt ci'Ao ianr ncr be aElullt mnibed, rnd res;rya.iion hrd h avoid underprsurt d cx.sive ov€rpasurc.

lf rh. suppl), oI ireri g6 rails dudng ulddin& lr* pGihve presn in i}le hnk will npidtyb€ loet unlddiry should b€ sropp€d ihnednkly b pFv6r inSEs of air, and shourd ;ot bercsumed unlil rhe ind sas supply is ab&d

II an idt dmGpheF h ro b. nainbined duriry hk wrshin& tp advie in S€laion 2.3 3

61.7 13il t4i4 rr iwkn bnk

fac.n,n€ftd uG. bir i shouLd b€ Lotar€d froh orhe bnrs.

ldn. or l ' \aJrr !onnAFdrorhp.,Bnp'pelner) : rm rFuqroranl- rh ned sas iniet shourd be tuolahd

when ihe ined 8as s),srem t n is €nplDyed b supply lrpsh or dry an, .ar is n({sry ioeNur is.larion or bdh rhc rine ba.k ro the inen sas sourc and dE id gas intd inb orherbnks which rP bein. kerr inen

A fic ryp€s or ind 36 $Gids€d tor e m b.ard chenical iant E aft by definidodLph\unnlhjhfuUf:deroeFryofo\)3cndndlhcfDftw' '

Nitr%m is noi ielf bic or drnsercE ro hrman tif4 sine fou.nhhs ot $e air norm,llyb@athed .dsisb oI nft%a. Ir rh.refore prenb I padicu,ar h.2ard sud in an ahospher inened or padded wnh itugs theE is no k€ling of dinrs o.sarning symprom ot asphyrj.rion. somon€ who e.h m ahGph€m onbiniry 6ntyn,irqgen can lN on$iousnss in as lihle as m sonds Dearh $r,ltv rollds Epidlr eiinerby asphyxia d rom injuriB su*ained when ralli8

Ljqlid .itugcn is sbFd at abolr 1% C so it ako prRnb a law bnp.nbr. haza'd s*incmh.t wih riquid niboS€n c.n r6uu in rnsrbite Advrc on deali$ wilh frc"bite i, givd hrhe lMo Medior FiEr Aid Guid. n, u* in Addenh rn$|vins Dansercus cmds (MFAG)

6.62 1"?n sns an th. d$o dt*

In srill weathe. conditions, rc.i€d vap.us and ned 3s crn linaer on de.r, 6p<i,lly in rheli.jnfiy oI vdnrs and oFirys such as c€o merslrin8 poft The pGibilny or bw orTs€nkveb mould mnsbnily be,ndcipakd by thop worr.t Sinttudrs. aE ,,nd car. raken noiro sand r rhe parh of vmred Bas.

663 Entry into mryo knks

For Smrar advi@ on enrry jnro encl@d 5pa.6 sE chapcr 3

Enrry into .ar8o knks should b€ p.rnifted .nly arer the td*s have ben Eas r@d. Dling

65

any sork, rh€ efety pKaurims d our in Sc.iion 3.7 should b€ obe(€dSiren ro rh€.ania3e or a pdstur oxySh dericituy alam

lf the tank .annot bt lieed .l ined Eas to ihe ldels spdfied in chaphr 3, enEy should bepedlkd orJy in exeprimar .r.utrhc6 and sh.n th.ft t no pr..ri.rbr. .rrem.tiv. rnsu.h.a* FNomd m6r wear bFathiry appararus and rhe appmpriah pbhdive cr.rhin&and the tank enhy made under lully ontolled .onditioru.

wrrd ined 8as is Senerabd fron nue 33g, $€ etubbs etnuenr k,ter is aodi. ro the rd.hgas dishibution Pip€s,

paniohrly in the d(k main. It b ofh more acidi. rhan the Krubber enumt and is highly$ary sbn .onra.i snh aths @bber drrudt dr

bnibiled al3ms olren ned rhe pr&n.e ol sme oxy8d in rhp hr ahospheft in oder topemit the inhib or io $ or* prcpedy. The minimun lev.l ol ox$en is usually {ri.n on lhcinnibibr .edituak b!i, as a Seneral rure, a 6€. .miainfS an innibiror rh3i needs oxygen

Ir nit%en k btrbbled thrc!3h an innibied .a4o Go.h a shen .onpased it Ad r "edb cl€ar rh€ .a$o ho* rri€r loadi$) the nit%en will depler€ ihe oxyg

llquid, thereby ftqudn8 the inhibltor to ta*€ or)gm trcm rhe ah6ph€re. lt is pcible ihatei.dve niinSo used ror blowhg thiongh niSht lings in the la8e space.

As stahd in sdim 6.2, in addiiion to aimospheF mntol tor saldy reasone ruiher inetingmasurB nay be ta*en io nei EqdEn{6lor.arAo gualitt.onhol, usu lysp{ifed byihe shipp€r. The quality ot rhe .arEo is usually expred by Equ;iis. speified ondnid orardval ar $e .usroml s p'mis€s. nre sp€.ifi.arion is nomally b.pd onpquiFnenk, bur mtional spe.incatims aE snehn6 us.d Spe.ifi..hons for thc shepoduct can vary widely bdken os6omes due ro dinerd pce$ing and end

'g.crai .ar should be ialm ro a'oid .llNins ba@ constitoob or the i*rt gar and erpebllyof ined flue sas produ.ed on b.ard, 60 car€ dqEdaiim or a partidlar ca€o. For adsdprion or pGible problems, a App€ndix E.

6

CHAPTER 7

2 Puedus md Anm3€mmh M,nual (P&A Manual)

sup.riion rn.t PftpDrid

Cargo Ttnk W$hins .nd CLrnins

2 Tank washiry ahospherB.3 P@utions when rank washin8 in an in€n ahcpher.4 Ptedios whe hnr sashiry h a. undefined .hcpheP5 PEaurids lor sudry bnrs wtun mr $in8 r sundinS pipe

.7 Crening of orferdams ar doubl. bortoi tank3 Fd fall of wash wakr h slop tanrs

Anl.3.n.nl' ror Di'FB.l of T.nk wailin$, slop3 ed Dirry D.lhd

z Mandatory prewam wakr

a saFry preutions duriry di$h,rye or.arya srop3 d6o rh€ sa5 Managendr of dop ianks

Tr* cl.rninA Equipnar

.2 Fiied bnr washing n&hh6

.3 Potuble hk washing mchinB and hls

.1 SaI€ ptr?durB lor gs npiry afk bnk dming2 rdolal ot sludge *.le and 6edinst.3 OpahB !p of ot3o lin6 and handling eguipmmt

7J G! rr.te.tio. Equipndr

TANKCLEANINGANDGASFREEING

rhsth,ptd,1?rt.dthth.p,o*nlt6ktd niry and 3N teiw a'so hnks Md alht dtt*dswts 4n th. dsia\! rJ a @ht . pndn at al' non Nutr, poatd ht hts bm atial in atuntttu fe k*, ot utln th.? k t pBibitit! thrt lanmbL at brn gas hds dt.tal r tant o. sr{..saFttprtn rkns to ht t+tr,r. lt aut, rnd th? inpttutiihs iJ MARpoL A

17t shp\ Pto2,trtn dntt AzrnS.wrt M"lat tphifls the td.tnot inplnnhtion oJ th,MARPOLniut tionsundd,iin 4t6tditi.n',n L i'{MrihtionBtn alt-rctir ta reshiry tln ?rP4t.'1 that @s and apaatds al dtatal tdtk

^ u l pttuiit srrlana an !h.n tun

Irtjt dnt kr dds not d.ot uini $. d$R rJth"aths ttat naq 1r. tutrnA! lrah thk.tanins, E*at k tansildd b b.nMNul wttu rthrd h tu4rdrity olstkq!.nt ut86 m?potdtht1r danqe ta aryo tunk mtiry. b!.on ushiry ptRdutn n ttso qaaed B r.Mn-d,l.annntdthd unt. sldy mw, aLthoqh aprtds t' t ndd h b? ouon oJ.Mtks linitdkns arld

Tank deaniry i; esnri.l on a chemi.al bnler, bd n nln t€ R%ds€d d a F.enriauyhazardous operathn, a.d n8orcus pRrurilx sholrd be obrryed throudour rh€ prffi.Tof,erher wilh 8as rreein& ii is pobabty rh€ moi haardous op€Iarion bftindy unddtakd

Tne ad,rirional risr cFahd by .a€o grss exp€lld frcn ihe rant s .annoi b€ overcmphasis€dtbFndins on the m6t r.gr cargo cnied in ianls dui ,r b b. cl€anroric flammabl€ rd cotusive shoutd b€ expRed b be r€leas€d onio and arouna the cal8o

npdnc tna! sery pBible raP is exeds€d durinS allop€rabo$ om(kd wirh hri creaninS dd 3a r@ine, and rhar rh€ op€r.tioN are .ariedout using rhe approeed prfteduc and .nugemnb 60r in€ ship.

Pe6o^tu1 involved should b€ tully awaF ol fi€ dangss and bke neesry preauhons,b..ae ihe on*qrener of an itudverhr €mr ..n be very srioc md far fta.hin3.

717 Pnt dn4 rrd Anrry.ndk Monrd (PeA Manu|)

Ar shjps €iiried ro .arry nonm Liqoid sub66nes in bulk nut b€ poided wih aPrcduas and AffrBwnb (Pr.a) Mmul, appbved by rhe fl,3 adm

tan*s, and dsdb6 how ro p€dorn ore op.ratim. The Manul sh@ld b€ adhecd b in all6?el3, includins the p€rfomde ol nandarory ppwash r€qnircmd

69

A ftsF.trible .rfie! shoutd superuise an hnk cleanhg and 3a s tp€ina op?ratioc A 6bgsor rhe op€mtis sharrd be p€ omed in a *Ie lll:fid appopirb roeach i.dividuat.hemkall physiral chsradaisiid, suh as roxicity, .orcivm$ and relchvrrt

722 Ptrkonryaletd1

A pft{letug.dferncc uder rhe teadeahip of the ErDnsiblc offiq shoutd be held pno!ro .ny tuk.lenina or 8as fEina olHation. other .rew nembss involv€d shoutd b€ideihfied by rhe GpoNible offi€r, md drn rcrc explained rh€.mferen.e should bk. rheoppotui9 to clanfy dur aI p€Mmel invotved ful]y undeGrand rher duris dftin8 rh.Iodhconh8 tanl .lerning operarion

Th€ .onturen.e sh@ld .d6m:. Ite tanls b be cl€aned, and rhe clening pguene.. Tle tlpe of..4o ro be cl€aned fron e,ch bnL and fts.harachnsi.s. carso inlomiion

shd shdld b. ,va,rrbr€ so (har peMtrel invohed are fanitiar wi$ ih€ hui&.. rne naior riskr dlrins cleanms, su.h a3 ioxniry, nammability, olMivens md

. The srery eqipheni and peFonal ForRijve equipmato b€ arailable and ready foi usettuo4hour rlp oF6tion and durins .(m{ting and disnnedng df fi€ ai rhe ca€o

. Ihe .leaning in*tuchN b be toUowed in ea.h .ase

. rne mr6 oI disposal .f any 6r!! r6idu.s and ihe .onramin'redElevot slop rank musr be spRilied in each ca*

. fte prdutiotr Beiery to conlim dur rhe .a€o dek rrs is frc from ca€o v,pousduriq tai* washr$ and 3,s lreins op€rariom.

. Th{ * asula. intreJs rhrcuShour in€ opefihd, ch(ks wil b€ nbnk sashinSs .onbhhg.a.Eo G nor imdlenendy being dishaBed inro ih. pr

A writtd tan* cleaning schedul€ should b€ drrwn up ,nd nade .vrilabl€ lor rereMe bv allper{Tcrp,ni.,p" d3 d r}.Jpddhun, tu af pho a\ubbt! bmd w, b" toun,l;r

Berore any 6nk cleaniry or g6 lrpin8 operarioN beain, rhe reepdtuible officer should.on6rm rhar all nRsgry eq phdr i3 av.ilable, md inar ad€qnai€ .hers aE made rosrabldh ihar arl equipment b be usd G in goot worxins .ondftio Bdh before and dfhgta.r c|6nins dd Bd lGing oFRrions, the epodbl. ortr€ should be srislied inar $elppropiab prt.antioN d .ur i thn .haprs aE h€ry ob&rued. An pelMnd on boardrhould b€ norified rhrt tanr d€mi$ or 3a rr-ins d abour ro b€sin, md dty $e peEonnetinvolved in the oFahms shodd be alowed inro the cai8o 6nr as,

rf othd aaft .E alonsside rhe bnrer, lh€n pss.nel should be noMed ihar ranli cleaninSop.ratiN ar about b omere, and ih.n omplianc wjth all appropnab ifety heasuB

urnen gas 6eing or tanr demins whil€ almg3 de ar a hrmiml t}le pGaltiMs roi .a€ohmdlinS in chaper 5 shourd be obsfl€d whec appbpriare. B€foF sbdin& tFFmissid of rhe poi authonry ud kni.ar op€rard shourd be obbined dd rfie

70

Cleaning Schedule/Checklist

Pd@tostt rd(de!&g.'pd.ddr,d.to|lddngtutlurldbedaly.halddbyth.diC 016€ d. r.?aua|. p@! ro 06o th.t

!nnn

TtF nt*! to b. darrd G dpi'

TrF n l dar'Lg IE c @it rtga.d.r*t @td

TtE dn|drl8.Iu c drdly ri88.<l .nn tutd

TIE drr.d lbp h!|t b.v.lLbL drl hr da6.Idrl cq..Ity

n6FrDLp6d (RaVN.@)

To b. t pt @ 6L tor 16 !uth!|.

appoprbe Pel$nel ashore should b€ cmul&d 60 onfin tnar ondihms on dp iedtdo nor preei a h,u:rd, and ro obein .gNm4i rhat op.ratiN .d shn

TlF ronowing chEk! 3houtd b€ nade b€toE op.ralions omheke. rhar eshriar pbtectile clorhing and respirarory pd{tion e,iuipl@r (as ,Folm5d€d

in chaprs 9) are beinS wom ir $ re+ied. ']llar Eeih wrt! show€r md et€wash aiiangden! ae rcadv Ior inmediah E in rh€

eveni or sbmination oI p€ennd.. rhar wo* nor relared ro.a4. operarioE, and not orh€si$ essrial, is avoided in rle

.aqo aea durins tank cleaniry operariore.. Tnar.a4o piperin€ &ming a s ot (arso bnks aF ielahd fron rhe tanls rd b. cl€aned

or 3as fRrd, unres 3 ranrs in ihai d ar. to bd .rcrn€d.. Inar bnJ<s e*cd by a .omon venr ssb aF poperty i$lrkd. rlai.ar3o bnk lids, bnk washFs openinss, uuaSe op€ninSs and sShdng por ir

il rhev ,to to be deamd. rhai all sda and overboaid dirharye mlves dnneed b rhe.arso and b laisysrem

. nrat punprcom preutioN (R s{tion s 3 2) ac bc,ns ob*n ed md will cmrinue ro beobe^?d,l',dgra i Lrl . lprrrrc d'l 3d, fRmd, Frll.s.

. Tnat fift fiShtin8 eq,ipnnr is ready for immcdiii. use

w.d n the n * andd washina medium lor nushiq rh. b.hohs of .aqo ianks, o' fordom$ rhem 6iry hnr w:shinsma.hines lr isrciditvavaitabtainlal8€ quan6ri6, n i5 anef6.ieni deinFr and on mo{ ch€mi.al bnk€6 ihd wash }.(r crn be heried \eh€. na$ary

ery io ue sman +anriiids .f .hemral addirivB ord€relgenh as a demhg aSenr in .rder b imprcve rhe ct.aning cftRr

uill noi b€ us€d warer mr* ndr b. usd m ihe ctr otd : w:shiis medrun orhcr rhin sa

.onnerial raso6 u may bc pcrm cr8o eidu6 ud gasfR a.,l3o ianr,ftei a hiShly vorrhlc.aryo has b€en.artjed tn every.as, rhe full sferyaspe.b or rhe opprario. sholrd be o6ide&d.

when bnk deaning in p.n, ftrevant re3lrrhons rnd Iiniations e*ablished by rhe pon.urhoriiy ind rprmiml sho'Id be ..npli€d rith

Alrer carryinS a ro* n sh p.fi .a4., , flanmabte vapou nixtre shourd atsays bcsusped€d mrir res6 have e*ablished rhar the ,hcphere is non-flinnablc. Equal cr isn(€sry afrs carryins a nonnolatiL dannabre ..l3o ar a hmpeiature ab.rt ,$ nrsh poinr,or afd diehrr8e of any.rr3o.r balla* rhd hrd b.€n lo edinbataflrmnibl€ vap.ur. Toxi. vapor h harmtul .on.6trhds should als. be asuned ancrunlo:dins @rsrs wh,.h lrale a vapour inn.htion hazard

crso ripour, roric or nrmnable shourd be suspRhd i. sfrerdahs or any other spa.ewnh,n the carso area into l hi.h su.h cataNs my have r€akd.

7 t2 Tont ushtn! ntnxph.Rs

T.nr washinS nry be c,rned our in one of rhe f.nowinS abosphdrs:. rn4r AndmcphePm e incpable or bmin8 by the inr.drdi.n of inei gis, rnd

thecby rducDs ihe oveGll oxysrl .onhni. for rhc purpos of this 3uide, rhe o\ygen.Dnrenr of an ineir bnk

'rmofheru should nor er.€€d 3% brr voruhe

. NoFiner An ahGphse $hich is ud€rimd.

72

7.3.3 Ptttltkns thd t nte.,i1inxkMiarobr6ph4e

Al$ou8h rh. /hcpheF in : poFrly trtu bn' '5

iftap.bl€ of oumn& h roltoL,ns

. r$M porhble washinS nachinB n ned,.tt he ffirioc ahoutd b€ hade upbefoft rh€ washnE nachine is inrodued inb tne hnt. Coineiiom shourd @t bebnrfr 6br after rhe nachhe h! b.rn lmovd lron rhe bnl H(rnga, b allowdr.img of a h@ a ouplmS me bc padallv opfm ro bf € rFhbed b"foF rh.

. The rrr lhdld b. |!pr drr ned du' m3 n 6hir3 wr\hi3 !\rld b. doppcd b.t.ar:n!

wh€n lti@ i$ ne.d b minrain an ined ah6ph@ duinS bt s$hins, the nruowinshi.b *dld b€ ob**ed:. The punty and ptam ot rhe ind gas b€ing d.liverd durin3 rhe wa$hg pre$

should b€ tun ored.. Ber@ €acn bnk ie wa3hed, rhe orygen tevet in rh€ bnl shorrd b€ ddsined h.rh at a

pointabodlmeb€bwrh.d4*mdarrh€middhld€tot$eurbFs@.Atn itherrdr,m lhourd rh. o\) 3en tspt a (eed 8 ! br !dum

.llduringw,shingtheoF/genleveliniheinedgassupplye!.Eds39.byvotumeorthepft$uE o, tF atuphee d lhe tanl is no loe6 pdirive wasfti.g shdld b. sr@pedbtil stidacrrory unlitioro ae i6roftd.

some caraG caried bder r ier bland e nor fl,meabh but the abNphm n ineftdlor .aB. quli, &abE rn rhb cas, g6dul d{ay ot dp id abrsph.E durhg dening6 .Nprrble. In an o$d cases, if the inen abdphm a nor minhin€d rhd lhe pm.du€

b. as for { mderined .hGphere.

731 Pttuutits uha tank !6hi,* k n und$nal thxphtt

MGt bnr dea.ing on chaicar bnk6 ie .onductrd in an undefined abcpheP rn an .as.fEr.arryina a tlamable erso rhe ahGphere h an ehpty hr sndu b€ raaEd asnarn,ble Tteonly wr) b gu,:nH rhjrr e\prnim<:ndqrurdundchnd,h6ph€r i !bna\. .pna'n 1.4rherIanb€nordre.r ,gn,hm

Cord bnks pRdia sil avoid all tumal soure bui, in addni4 $€ ioltowing pRalii@sshonld b€ raken if thc dsk tron {ari. etekjdty is ro be elininar€d:. Belore washin& rhe bn* btu shoutd be fueh.d w*fi wahr md srripp€d. The pipins

syskm, induding .arAo pu6ps, (rMeB fld dis.h,rge lin6, should rlb b€ nushedwirhwabl ft'e nushins wrrer shodd br dEind ro ihe tanr dsknard b d€ive slops.Tnis op€ntion my nor b€ nffiry if rhe ship is rih€d with fl etn.imt srippins sy;4and the ca€o tan* and pip€lic hivc b€4 iripped 4 d&il€d in the ship,s pmdures

ff €€e6.rc hiShlv w,ter rc.ctive lhis oper.tion

rfid pDtable sashiry mchi.6 aft !*d, ,ll hc tuids shonld b€ tude upbefore rhe washhg machine E inrrcduced inro rhe bnr com&rions shourd noi b€bDkm mril athr the mdift has bd lmNed fmn rh€ bnjc Howec b arbwdraining ot a ho*, a .eplin8 my b€ padi,lly opened .nd ihen reriAhhn€d before $€

Rop€s mde ol syirh€hc lib€ shdld tur be used b suppod ine ta.r ckanins machim.No ma.hine nry havc . thbughpui gFakr $an &nr p€r hour, ed no nozzle nay have. rhrcwhFt Br€atei rhan 175mr Fr hour.The btat w.b rhmughpur Fr cargo ran* shoul'i tte k€tn d bw as pbdi.abte ,nd mu*inn c& d@d I lom'per hou.Tne ranl shourd be kepr drained during wamina. washinS should b. sbpp.d ro clear rybuird-uP of wash wab.

. RRiEulated wa3h ward 6hdl'l nor b€ ued, bea!* n nay incRe the gm.ration ot**i. elRti.ity.

. S.undinc ods md ofter €guipment m6r be inboduted rhrcugh a bunding pipe

5J 73

fta.hing .lose to rhe boton oI rhe di< ud €aitud to ir. I a soudiry pip€ is ndt u*dihen thp addftional pKautioF in paras&ph 7 3 5 be!.* .hould be nnbwed.

. No orhd n,i6ial rhai may d€ai€ a spark or sraiic eldrici9 should b€ loweFd inio thc

. srean should nor be inrded inb the tan*

71. rtto'th4. r' {ndh{ |t/r' uha rot t\in3 t 4ndinl pipe

If a eundinS pipe i5 ret ued, ir is *n6il th't a.y ndalli. omFnenrs of rhe soundina mdor oiher dquipndt aft bmded rd e.nrcly earih€d mlil rcmoval rrom d'e ran*. lhisp@ution shoold be ob*ded duriry washi$ md for 6v€ houB aftsards, unl.$ tho bnkis oniinuously mc.hani..lly vmhlated afe! sashhE, in whnh .a* the del:y peri.d .an b€Pdu..d to de hour

Duriry ihe dclay pcriod:

.f a clamP d boued mdal h3.. A metal od may be u-d on the end of a metal tap€ which is eadhed u the ship.. A m.tal $lnding $d susF.nded on a nahial librc rop€ shorld n

sd ar dek level n rashned ro rh€ ship, b{aup the rcp€ .annot be ompl.tcly relrdupon ro ad as an cathiry Paih.

. Equjpmdt nrdc endrery ot non mdalli. mahrials may i. seneral be u*d: € s a soodm*lnding rcd or flMr nay b€ susp€nded on a rope without €athin8

. Neither rep.s nade or sdheti( po\ne6 nor ch:in. shduld b. used rot Lsedng€quiPncn( in(o @rgo ta.r6

7.36 stmnrne aJ.ttfo ktls

Beau* or the hazard rron *ari. elRticity, sk.m should not be intolued int ca*o irnrswheF rhep is a ft* oi ihe plere of a flanm'ble ,hospheie. Ii shoothat i non-tuhmble ahdphere .annor b€ Buamnreed in all ca$s where sbniry misht b€thought io be @tu1

7 r.7 .bonl!rl utkn, t krbb b.nah klts

Ir ir k nR69ry to cl€m olfed:ns or doubl. b.hom tanls into which tar3o liluids or vaP.ur.old fi.rc lc.ked, the same pftarrions should be obs€(ed as whm.l€uins .arEo bnks

7.3.3 Ftd kLt q whwkt in 3tar ktrl.

It n esslial t avaid $e lR fall ol slops or tank washing wdei in a reivinS slop tan*mks lne hnk is incned (F ApFendix D t r the Seneratim md cmrd ot nati. el(b.ity)washins wrte!.r slops shoold be iGnsfened to th. deiviry ranl ihrcush the cargp sysenlr a dilreeni adrg€mnr is m.essry, thd td ayod splashing tt* reiving bnk should beriu€d ro a d€pth ol ai leai I 4et€, or slt6cieni to sue dEt rhe dish:r8e $ldt is kell b€low

warer washin8 my br itudequie or imppropriab rfh rhe .artage ot qrain prducAberae rank can only be adequr€ly cLaned by speial .lemin8 ndh.ds or cl€anins agen6wh@ it k dRided b us a spe,al cleding merhod, and wel ddmenkd erpeiien.eindicr6 ilEr ir b sre b tio s, tnosu3h comp.ny sudan € ,horld b€ Pmvided thardKnb€s th. pr@dua for rhe ship io follow.

wneF a speial cleaning nerhd n b b€ us€d i. pon, leal alrhoiiiia may imPce addihonarsld or dvisn'rgral qun?nmb

dmi.s asenb and Prodoe larg€ noub oI ruic o!

flammable vapouc, or rmder equipmeni r.h ,s punps inop€rable. The c}loie or a hnLcreaninS aSenr shorrd bd hide wnh tun knowledse or rhe.arr (hancterisri.s.

Il a sp€.ial mdhod invoLvins dc ing agdh n b be uscd, ii my crcare an:ddiional hazardror rhe .rew. shipbsrd plecdurcs should €roure rhar peGonnet arc famitiar wirh, $dProrEEd tuom, rhe heauh hazdr asyr.iard w h surh a mrhod. Ile cleanms .3mb nay b€added io the wash w.rr or u*d alone. fte de,nins preduH adopred shorld not eniail thened lor p€Mmel ro dhr th. ianl.

rt however, the onll prachcat means of.lering Frolves p€Mmel enhring L\e rank rhs ih.pNauronssdourhk6.n63Jand36should beiridlyfo oa.d. Nrny .a.so bnk uls erpas pehission to do s has b€€n Meed rrd rhe responsibleofiier, and an appnp.i.i. pp.auriore tarh ]nc bnk ahGpheE shortd be sare for mhtind an enrry pemn isued chemicat ab$rPtn)n dddoE shoutd bc usd tof dehdinS rh€prlre or sp€.iri. 3as :nd vapouc ar TLv tevels.

In .xcprionar .t uhsrana3 rhe quiFmenr mighbrise tor wipin3 ,lown pmdu.t residuAr6n thc hnk wars by 6ins a chdi.at stvcni in a lmli*d aft Th. tb. sman, :nd the persmd invorved srbrrd be asm ihar ils u* nay modiri rhedrool 'F n e n, .d (r r i , I r5a{ \4r '1ro l .p Dnr m'8nr dt{3

<u.\ ruk,hol .d b.uF L \ adtudrduro'" ,Ldi3rpopentnin, which should nor b€ undedak . un lc$ the pereomd inv otved .a n be effdiv.lyprcr{red fion ih@ nskr Dab sh€h tor rhe .hemi6t sotrcni usrd sho

ions or iarmnend'rioN 10r ih. u$ of .ommerciatpodxb should b€ ob*aed, and rrre Eutring slops dhped or h s.odan e wirh rhe

During notuar op€ntioB of i .heni.al cadier, the nrin need ro dispos of .hemical r6idues,slops or wars onbnhaed wnh calgo win rise duriry .r ihnediahl)' after rant ctcrninS.Fnal disp€l ot slops or sashkaiel should b€ in a(ordmce wi$ the ship,s P&A ManualTmk washi.gs and slops nay be rerain€d on bMd in r 6lop knk, or disharg€d ashde oi

7.5.t Mtndatory Pt. u.h wtu

Mandarory prewah pred'lA shourd be conduded srric y in ac.ordare wnh ft€ shlp sP&A Manu,r, ind rh€ rsuliiry .ontaminaied wash w'ter shoutd rtways b€ di$harrd ro

ihar rhis shourd hapFn imediiid\, ronqms rhe carsom Pon HowNer, (.asim do ar

Reption fa.ilnie for the washinF aF noi prNid€d, and ihe ship ousr rer.in rhe washhsson board urir anivar al anarhs p.i MARrroL atrdK d s ma{er, and the p&a Manul

p@duE for a particul.r ship. Durina su.h a voyaSethe slops and bnk washm8s should b. given rhe same $tdy and dvndmobl care .s rhe

Duty barksL Gus€d by banastug inb a .a4o bnk b.ror rhe r.n* is cl€md, should b€hated as sl@' ,nd mud be dispos€d ol in accodane wnh MARft)L ,nd rh. shipt P&A

7.5 t stldt p.&utiob d,nB dir.k,lr a[a\a 4op, nio th2,M

whd dish.,:e overbcrd is P€rmi{€d,and pr@din8 d (ur

't, spe€d of .i

n shmrd dt, br undeftLen when rh. ship is ar sealeasr 7 knob Dsharaes of rhemi.ar 6idu6 shourd

75

nodnarly be b€bw lrie wablim inmgh an u'ieru.rer di$har8€ oudei on the side of thcship away frcn ed6al wab inlet v,lv6. In rhe ineEsb ot et€t, rh$ p(r-dure shdld b.adopled evm whd it is nor a nandarory r€qnircmhr.

Whm dy di&narg6 are hade above dE warElitu, oc sh@ld b€ hlen b avoid orgo upouroi liquid blowiry back m b.ant. Ir such a risk eris6, dis.h.r3€ should b€ made b€low inewablim: it inis is not pcible osidflahon shold be givm ro alreing rfie ship's.ouF orsped b cduc rhe nsl, and FI:@] 6 del sh@ld k6r,ppiopnate prbtiv€ cloi}ling

7.s5 M'rusmt at stap bn\3

Comparibiliiy or various .arAo &d .leeing cndicals shdld be mnsideftd jGt as caftrullywhm handlinA sloPs .s who handlin8 the car3c ihmslv6 Pariiolar .aE k nardedwhmushingev6alranr.whichhivednbituddi$hil,rcarge.,,ndsnpa6b,ryshould be bren inio ac.ouni who slRting the dsrination rank io' shipFd w6h wier Tn€followins should br arcided. Miins ot slops rrm A@i | (.il) .ar3c wnh d.ps ri.h AnB ll (chehic,l) er8ei. MirinS or srops rnm incmpatible.argm. MirinS ot slops from v%dable oib or t:b with .hemi.al doF or peroleun oil slops.

It ihe shipt dgo hnrs aft us€d a slop ranrs, cF should be hken b avoid intbducingslops lrcn .ar3c which .n inconpatible with th. hnk .mting. In ihis rcgard, emc .arAGwhich rr thl're|ves omFnbb dry, whm nted lnh waer, ron aods,nd thLs dan,g€ a.Miin8, € g slops rrch hydrlyti. .a'Ae in a ,tu .oated tuk.

7 6.2 Fi,n bnkwshiry n{hn$

'Ihe jnshllarion of 6xd t nl washina m..hines within a cargo hk allas an n€dahospherc io br n.idained dtnn8 d\e washing op€6tion, dd drs p€rmie d6niry in aclFd mode in cdplie.e wiih port Fgulatioc pmhibfti.g Eles ot nonous v.pouF.'Iheir iniallarion and ur ils. Rduc crew erpGure to caqo vapouc dd inen sas

Ine d6isn or fii.d hk washing mchh6 win have nd aI shtubry requiFmenk ror eretya ft3ards naerials of on$ruction, r'.icr now rar6 md 3$eraiion ot sbti. eld.icit Anyrcutire pnicins should be pdfomed ,. @ordan@ wi& dE l'fiotacno on bcd nodi6.atons sholld b€.onhmpl,i€d.

7.6.3 Pai'bb bntMsting tuthin6 and h$a

Berorc any op€miim begh, rhe apmible otrier sho'Id oninn fiar adequr€.hRks demde io Gtablish rhat all equipnent b b€ u*d duriry tan* deanins oFfttioro is in Errcd

Tne odei csinA ot ponabb meninB should b€ oi . rohrial which will nd e6.hte 'nin.endive sJxrk on .mhd with thc inhal etubr ol a cargo imk.

H@ sholld be indelibly mrr€d b

Bondins wiE should be i.orp.rahd wihin aI war€r ho* coupli$s should be -sed

bthe h@ in su.h a way rhat effRrive ektical bondins is asu€d trcn ad ro dd ol dE hR.Hlrgsho d b€ r6ted fn elKhi.al onnnuity d a dry.@diiion prioshould ihe rBdake ex.ed 6 ohns pfr n& len8th. suh r6ring shodd nor inyolvc h,ghvoltag$ A rdrd should b€ k€pr showinA rhe d.re md €ult o, elRhicl onhnuity retin8.

Th€ he oupling anangenor shorld b€ s.h mat erldiv€ bondina c.n b€ Et blishedb€hen ihe bnk washing mchine rh€ h@s md dE tued bn* cl€aning wahr sqply lim.washin8 mchiM snouu bc cl€ftjcrlly bonded b ihe waft h@ by mds al a suilabLotrmnon or extetul bondis wiF.

76

wnen $p6ded wnhm a caqo hi*, mchine should be suppoftd by msro of a nrbratfibF roE rd noi refi io haru rrom rh. sarn lG€.

pr(autioN during bn* washrnS is prcvid.d in

7?.1 sat pnedtm tu eas rkins,fd hnk cleni"s

'rhe rolrosing reonnddrhom apply b d8o ranr 8as f@ing in sen€r.I. Tne rBc codeconbic advie aboui.a€. bnr gas h€ing tor new.r ships, bur opeiatoa of older .heni(albnkes which aE d subiRr b the IBc code ,e ursed b r.*€ a(out of rhh advice.

x h essrial ro kn w whd rype of v:pouc can bc erpRhd nrey nayb.oahhabtd and/or

I V4riry oI roxi. and rbmmabre gas during 3as tRinS shonld be rhnoSh ihe v€*t!atprcved 3as rreiry oudeh, and i],eftroF dE ein vdhity should b€ sufi.ienr ro .a'ry ihevapos deri .t th. d6* No errpe ol car8o vapoun shou ld (.u. : r dRk ls.l befoF rhe

deanna or rhe vapour mixture my cmrinft i ranl deck rev€t ihmuSh other la$er dRk

2llpoiablevcniilarione,tuipm€nrkioh€usedrobrowrrjnioahnl,turr<oFnhssshorrdbe k€ri clced unhl wo* on th.r drl

3. Wher calgo tmrs an g's tRd by nsns.t pernatunrly imrrlled tm, at is inroduedinro the crrgo ranl thoush ilp .ar8o lin6. Ine entn€ L.e syskm should b€ thorcushly.lni.ed berore vmting 60 avoid any obshudion ol rh€ .ir flow or rod€ncy lor satei or .ar8oEidu6 b be blom inro a €rgo ranr. valv6 on lrp sysrms, dhd rMn rh@ Fguned lorvmdlatbn, shtuld b. .ld€d and sued. Ihe lam should nomall! br bbnr€d or

I Fiied gas heing equipneni should nor b€ Rd for gas tRing ot a iank whirednunMsdy b€inB $ed ro ymtirale anorh€r rank in which HashinS is in pbgrs,rgardles ol thc cprcity ot rh€ €qnipneni.

5. Ponabb fm shorrd onry b. us€d if they ar wab ddv4 or h/draulically orFeunarically drivo. 1r et onddcrion naredals shoold be su.h thar no h.7rrd ofr.6diary sprrkrg anrs it for .ny FaFn, rhe inFller buch€ ihe imide.r ihe casing. The

pla.. to ppvmr acidenbl conrad witn ran blada.

ld b. pl,c€d in such posihms and rhe €iilation openinsss daJl3ed thai all parb of rhe rm! b€in8 ventilared arc eftdively and eqlally gas fied.Frtu sholld 36mlly bc 6 rnoc a3 peible frcm rhe vmtilarid outleb

7. Ponable fm shodd b€ e comded b fi€ dRr ihar an eltRtive elsi.,l bond elhbbetws the ra. ,nd the d<l

3. Th€ wind diRtion nay caue cargo vapouG ro pa$ near b air inraspdes or o8in. ren venbhn 4 and n66ibe add iml pEautids (* gnim 2.9 rnd2.10). cedd an mnditimins d n€dmi.ar vmdratd sydd inbk6 shourd b. dj$ied rops?.t ttu $iry of gar iI posible by using Riruratid ot aft wiinin fte spa.5

9. rf ai my rin€ it is ssFd€d rhat 3a is beina drawn in6o ihe a..mhodado blcr, Lheental an .o.dftionina md my nrhmic.l v{titaring sFhns should b€ iopped dd rherbkes overed or d@d It $ mlilely that any ship now ls wind.,'tF at.onditioning

in€ rp€nhd@, bnr ay whicn aft srill h !$, orother planb which .E nd .enitud .s sle for u* in rhe ppsa ol nammabL gas, should brelsically disdneted and ary dteoal lents d inlale.l@d.

77

10. lf tne hnks ar l1nRkd by a omnon venting systd, 6.h bn* shoul l b€ isolad ropsmt the banstc of 3as to or nom other hls

11. whm a hk app€ars b have bM ga ried and an m<h.niol vdulaii.n h6 b€nshpp€d, a pe.iod of rbout h minurc ahould elape before rakhS linar 3.s n6strr6his.

rankksuEdilided bya*ashbutkned,indch.onprtumt of rhe bnk rn larae conpa iwideryeparaEpdliN. It satisfad.ry gas @dings ar€ not obt ined, !h€ tai* shoull be .hRked lor crgo

12. On .onpldion ol ,x 3,s fteine ,nd rank wrshin& rh€ sas vtriina sysren shoutd b€careruny .he.ked, pani.rrar aftntion being paid to d'e etfi.ient workjng ot rhe P/v valv6and ant h*I vddiy vmr vrlvcs. Il ihe valvs or vor rieB are nthd wi$ dA ies d*ignedb pievdr d\e pa$age oI tbnq th* should rbo be chRked, and clemed iI lomd m.6sry.

uld b€.h<ked k) ensuG thathey are lrE of any bhkaSe.

11. On .onpbnon or Sas feeh& ,&nhon shourd bc 8,vn b alt eguipmnr thar has bpnus€d. and b endosd or padiauy endNd spa.6 dEr €i rd:in or.onrain carso r5idu6 orvapouc, s thar no uBBp(trd danSeous pdke6 can pmain Pla€ wtuE su.h dt3orac€ may did in lld€ ca4o linei, or3o v,|vcs, .,ao pumps, srippina lin6 md mlv6,voting li.6 and P/V valv€, vap.ur fttum lines, lll:ging or soundi+ anaryemenG,h€tiry .oik, caqo hmdli$ equipl:mt srore mm' pmrdire cldhing sbft mm anda€o smpF store ll)l]m.

Addn,ona|.orcideraiionsrobkeinroac.ounishcnth.r kisin€ned

7.7 2 R.m@l al3hdx., sah ttu vnin rl

scale d *dinenr build-up in a hnr my rdveNly affet sriippine or carso and sas tEh&while sradual evapo.arion ot entcpltd .aryo nay c.us subs€quenr P3asing or $e hnr.R€moval or su.n sludS€ sholrd only b. cmid.red af€ gas rreing is.omplek, .nd ihc rank

d the rar* lid mrked a(odin.lv s.ile and edimrr, erovrd |, om rhe rdrl . should b. dFpGfd ol .\ {D 6 p.$ibrp

Equipnmr b rE ued ror dudSe l?nnar .h do not 8rve n*ba nsko{ igtfion Tlle6pmible Ft:dmd dle mhdnaa trk ro pefom such workshould be ,wae ot ine ptutial ror ftlssing ta@ 6t v,Fola *h6 tuhd $ dGblbcd, andproFr conrirystl dffi mour,r aist ro 4F llu srety oI Fml. chdicl aberFriondlhoF shdld b€ urd for dediry tne plffic oi speilic vaFE at TLv lscls.

7.7.J tJpdnx "p

aJ uryo LnE ond hrtdiins Euqmdl

caryo pipelina, manifold cbsv€B, venr lires etc. sholrd be.reared .r carga 6idG, andshould b€ d€ned and sa treed d rh€ srme rine as dp cle{ina ad ga lRnr3 ol $€ crgo

It should .lsays be a$uned thar snall €idu6 ol caryo my b€ rcleas€d when op€ning upany did or, .argo punp, orso pipelin., lent line or hBtiDs coil PEauhons should b€6rd a(oidingry. RRl6ning and fudhs 8as freing may be requirtd.

It n bRones ressry to opo up .a.go lines and handlins equiphent on d6t o! in i .argoi,nr or a .a'3! punprmm, rhe rollowiry pR,urioN sr6dd b€ bk6l. The bl should be .ssed and ,pprcvd by . Gpl^ible oflic€r, .nd a wdk p.nn

i$u€d b€fore sbfring $y worL. Arer g6leing $e spae, the €quiphenr &d Nrired piFlim slruld be i$lared 6

far as posible .n'l tuiher venribha. AItr vmtil.tid is.Niderd bo b€ omplet, the atnoslhere sholld b€ tested to snnn

rnai ib flammibility as a p€renbge of LFL, and ib bxicily ptarive b TLv, aF * hin

. whd op.ning up, at m@r&,ihb ior fl,mble and ioxi. vapot]'e vi.iniry or tne working area.

. rip fthtiry eguipmmt should bc rad/ for innE lirb ue.

78

rn ordei b mhrah a proF, 6nror of $e rank ahGpt€p md b cn{r ihe e{redvtu otg8 t€ing, 6p€.i.lly prior b ran! enty, wdal difttrt sas ne6unry

* wil depsd upon the iype of.hn6pher beinsm.aswd Tmk ahosphere snpling rin6 shdld br in alt €p* sribble ror andidperrous ro rhe aas prRni, and shourd be esGtanlo the etfd oI hd uash saie.rNitlnenh rhrerve shourd b€ u*d in rccord&€ wifi rhe nanufadehiled derriprion ol iNdmeni q?e b silen in App.ndix I.

rn addirion ro my fired g,s de6ors, ar te.n tuo ot 6.h of rhe following podablc

. A nainable gas indicdor capabl€ ot ftas!tu9 g,s b th.lorer danmabte lin (LFL)and witn d,e sre Siaduard .s a pe'lubge or rhis tmn. A flanmabte sas indnatoruuallt.mor Fad namnable 3a6 on dbatim in an ined aimcphse bri, depddngoi rhe rade ot a padicul.r ship, my be rlmd appspn.k b .arry 8as hdnabB.apable of meanring pd.mrag. volume of flamble 3as in an ined€d ahcphm

. A toiic 8rs hdicabr cap.bl€ of neasurinS on.m6a6G in the hunfl roxiciiy 6se nd.aribrar€d in patr per dllion ohe pt€ge ot $n€ spRified k)xic vapouc ar very tor.oncmharioc .r oniy be Brablished by taborabrv r6b.)

. An oxyAen dalysr capable ot n€asurin8 peI@b8r voluh. ot oxyaen in r

Danng bnr cleannrS, .mLideraiion shonrd b€ 3iv€n b ihe po$ibre etfed of wai€r on rh€effici€ncy or rF 3a me4uing equiphml

79

CHAPTERS

&2 En.l8d.' O{.nir.lior

.2 Che.ncal crlto sPils

.3 De.* valve and dRl pip€line leak ge

.{ Tanr h,r.g. w hih the ship

3, Endgd.y Dl*h.r3. or J.tiren ot c.4.

3.s Ndidaiion or spillaa. lnro $. Se.

3.7 A.tion by Ship. wla En.'!.n.' 0..!6 .t Other Ddhr Narbt

3.3 En.rs.nry R.novrr of r T.nl.r f6n . 8.rdr

81

EMERGENCYPROCEDURES

Ths chaphr grvcs s€nmt sudme on puedures tor ihe mo{ readily toree:btc.meiSdci.s inkhich.hemj.at.,reinvotved.

nrs, .Lr,. n.ma3pr. \ p,,.dup .\otlo hcrhP be JF e.oped dl rep.di :bt" tnrimmedi ih,mptmeib, Jn .o 'n lba. . dd. .1.rb.DLrnqui , , ; rdd", in,rhok bj b.-r . r " ,orc r , \ t r r iFr . lhr . t_,p,-m.,e!r )drtr gr^ \ ph .hnutd JtiSn h 15 4 b, {de ptdr h(.o o, d} onp,ny tu148pn-. r}c

plq, ! .ds4opd. i { ddr. .pdc. , rdco.ah..p6oren;:s. ._n}. m,sn.b". , . ._, ."r ,"1. " , i . , , , . "

The per$n who disove( m emersaq sir!,hon shdld raisc rhe ar,m ro at.n lhem, +en r ua4 iJd.nuf . , .1p {nelTurddhnp

. rb"p, ."adrob. , ,drB, 1r" ,Fdq pr3-,F. -15".

p.r r ! 'urdr\4wixb.J,dh av.hc, l f .u.Frr . iSpMFnrqbc drr .a, wi toe$d.y pr(fuu4s and onij.Scn.y pt,ns

D1ills and cxeftiei should btu, o rhd fi. cnw neebers b€ohe f.niliar with .quipmstthbuahoulh€ ship, and ih€ na@.nd orher ofli€6 .an .mider whd ihey wouid ao h theaifror rdr.$ npc\o'h!ryeni y $p h, n {r8ts o hc. od 1sm,}pbi \hou d b€

. Lrariry and assinc rh€ enaSen.y and rh.

o$anuins nanP.wer and eqrPnPnr.

^raryrg ontngen.y evrcuriio. ro. non_enrial

Nohlyiry P6pr! auihoritid6

danaeE d\!r\ed 3nd dcnrf)Dsad,ms

Ndiryins rhe stup op€raror's orh.e nr ac.fdaR wth rhe.onpany,s .mtinSeMy ptan

I l1c,una{ ) o l .1 ht- .1J! . ' td

mt ld, erp4pr. \ c\a,ur iunpn

T\etu.F,.h,lttl r4!,dd\db8. J,d1! opm,tunh ro, r(..mb,nijptrneF1ryt ! \,-

83

Fierightingc,ni.tbe.u.@$ruluile$all€guipmcntisopcntional,.ndallp€r$melapramed m irs ua Fires irvoNi$ .heni.als F.se sp&i6. haads which ac addred inAppmdu H. TheF i5 no su.h thiry 6 a minor Iirc invorvinS chemior .illrE

Th€ shipk F?nenl ararm should b. raised md, ir aron8sd., ihe rcminrr mu{ b. noriti.d i irhr$rrds to thc chmicals mrolved The rerninal .ortol mm should b. requ*red r, suhmonanyorhldea$sisbnesuchas thecilil hEbrisade, r.acliun.h.s, mednalaid mdambulan€, poli.e, halbou authorir_v and pjlob

Anv carg! hridljns, balla*in& tank denins or bunkcnng operarions should be doppedimm.{iiiery and 3lr varv6 do*d. Any ftafi ar.ngside sh.uld &. retn{d. DEkt bu*neadsand dh( nrudwcs h the ricinity of ihe fir, ud adlaMr hnLr whnh <,ik,n flammahle.al8ms.rarcnorSas free,shlurd be (red sirh w*cr

rt$rnriorar.d rhrtea.hshipor.ompmywilrhale jrsown firt.nerEen.vpran thenr|.riryli$r.f p.inbshouldb€rcnsidered tor inctusion

. sioP.irco opc.Jtions - do* v

. o$:n(P fir€ fiShting r@hs

. rf ironSsidcab€irh,aleiierminal+frandre,tue(rhemro:rftpodaurhoniie

. rf drnchorinpoi,aleirheponaurhorni6

. lrorhershipsor.i;rrrreron8 de,al.rtthenindinirudihcmtodepadimm€diarelf

. rdeniify rh..hcmicard.heni.ars invorfed,andiny.heni.ik thirnavbcrtrisk ilrhe

. s.l4i thd fitu fi8hriry $uiphenr:nd ia exrnsuFhms a8.nr ro b. us.d.s may enk rhe a.onndl'tiJn, ind an cv,.uarion ot

non{sstu| aew my be n€.esery.

'nre bi$€d ikr of a .afao spil is duli$ .a$o handrh8 .p.r,ri.ne ether be.ru* ot€quipmmt f.ilure or inprcper h{dlins pdedre ca$o spjlh are inerttore mod likely bh,ppen in pon tn theevstola spill, the {ollosins actions should b. tak n immcdiar.lv:

. sbP an caqo oP€rahom and .

.lralon8edeab€ih,nohlvthetemrali.lI.tih.chcmicJsinvolvcd d porsibl. lisk

. Noiify ro..r poi ruihoriries, usually ihouSh rhe ierninar *arf

. P,oh,bf! a,Lr! rd uf ofnated hFhr. 'hrcL+our r\e.h,t

. cle,r aI non enriar p€Mmd from $€ af,.s dmF, a.d sbp aI mn<lased cir.rl ve.iilaiion.

. Anange for main ensines and sr€rin8 sear io be bouSh( b nand,by.

'Ine prinary rador alleding respoMbur rhe adron b be bken dertnds on the cncunnancs ot rhe spilla8e, as w.ll as fts size indk:tbn If ihdru ir a F\sibirilv.f.a4o or.,qo vapoli dr.ring any aenginp rcom at inbke, approprja€ prv€nrive seps nu$ be ra*en qui.*ly. As a Semral tulethere should be a lull initjal rcspon$ ro any spill, the mersen.y paiy r'.rins thc,ppr.priah pbte.tire .l.ithing and h€rhing appratus

Silert ol pemmel and the ship should bke priority ov.r eNimental ..8 lf b p.$iblernd sfe b do $, the Fl6ed li'toid sholld b. punp.d or washd inro a slop ranr .r orherconrainnent, or colle.d tor sale dhpo$l usi$ absodenr mr€rid. How€v€r, iI ii is nor efco|I theF $ any doubt, thc spilbsc should b{ washcd ovclbdd wih vcry lilgr anouts of

lr at ar, thc 6nk.r sfiould be 'rm@uypd

$ as ro arricr rhc spftad or the fire and allow ir robc aha.k€d fom a sindward dnehon

84

For sma[, rrari*d and .onrained spills, il nay nd be ne.Nry b inpl.me ar iheactionpoinh in rh€ ihip,6 onhnsm.y ptan. Howaer, rh€ mas&r n6t al*ats Lep in nind rhc

nt. rn nGr .as ii is b.er b ovm€.d rhu ro delay

,]}e smflal advic for i .orcsive .ar8o spill,ge m de.r is b wash rhe spilled liquid

oveibd rd wnh hrgc qlan hties ot warer Ircn r5 lar away ar pra.ricab le A fos iozzle shouldb. u*d r.r id a dnet jer of kdur. Trle eneryen.y rem should wear appropdab p6dion,apFrGch ihe spill lmm lpwind and dired d\e spray .r s,rr b rhf €dse ol rh€ 5pi11,gradurly workinS to,:rds thc @r( lrne u* ot warer m a ft'nin3 acid and orhs nronSacids wilr iniliaxy .an* a vt rcls @.itun rhai wi .aue inaeisd luniry. Hosevei, ihGwillb€remporarywhilcrhesp rage$ilb.deauwih$pidry rf{s.,rh€shipshoutdbe

4.13 Dak ehn rtu Ad ptp.:ltn l{ktg.

rf reaklle develops ftom a d(k pip{rine, de.k valve carya hR dr mcral arm, opedfionsrhrolgh thar lrmR6m should be sropped and rhe sjruaiion eahd as an enerFnq until ihe

eler renedied Permanent mcans for ihe Freniion ol rvJ,Fd re4&Fed. shrp,noshof, d,a,ioa. iorrd D-" btsn pn. aed op-nDtu +oulonor be ft*aftd und rhe faurr hrs becn Fritied md all hazards fem rhe r€teafd .arso

rf a pipeli.e, h.s or rd bu66, or if th.R is m ov€ruow, alr c€o and bunker opedrtuisshourd be iopFd imnediarery and the lnuattun ftard a5 a car3o spill

3 \t rtnk t?ak$ dthit th,.tlh

lralaSe fnn a d€o ta.r ib v.id or barlan spaes my caup damSe b mabriak orequipnenr, md nay ftai€ m eprosive rh6pheE and a pormhal FFm.l nsk. Ther.hons to be taken may dilfcr dcpcnding on rhe pbdud iNolved and

hininun includ€ rhe tollowin3. ldentitrhepmdu.hinvolvedmdrhcrisksassddedwnhrhem. clear rhe area oI all non{snri.l Frsnncl.. rdentify $€ learion or ihe re,k. Trmsfer dF pmducr in rhe l€akine iank b n enpty ran*, if at:ll posibte. Consider notitying pod and lral authoriii.s, dshiptopentoB.

Spills in .onhnd spa.6 su.h as pumprcoms should, wh€rc pndicblrp.sr sp hnry bconbin d wrih dry$nd,eadh ol

pmpridary chsicais A.id rsidu€spdal.hemi.als. Unhaied a.id spittage musr be praeni€d iom enkrin8 mild seel afas olthe ship as ffpid omsion .an rollou, h eilr€@ cas rh. o.bquenr hu .orcsjm has

r?a k 36 fbm ore .at8o bnr b another, or mbjtipre rariSds wheE ther is a risk .t n iiingin onpaiible .hemnaL, shourd akays be tEar€d carptuIy wheie time allows, exped adlieshould be sousht as b th€ pGible risk involv€d.

A non-.arao spae $ar has had a ch€nicrl leariry inb jt should be teat€d as a .ar8o spae,md rhe $me pruutions raken k should be cteand and 3as tEed belor my .rienpi is

Tne ieriisn ol ..$o is an exffie ncasurc, jusiilicd only in m.rscn.y as a ncans of evin8hrc.r *a o! qhe€ L\c in'eFty oI dE rhip n ,t risk. A dEision to jd6$n 6rso shodd n i b?bken until pvery alrehative opiion has b..n onsid.ftd in $c li8ht ol availabl. intooriion

85

If it c ne@ry bo j.{treon ca€o 6ep will b€ a pGibility ot Elasiry lir3€ .munrr oftunrobLor d.i.rapl)c llG ronMins pleutilE,E

'@nmended:. EnFne I\In pemm.l slbuld b€ 'reiH:

dep€ndin8 0n rlF cirllffke pFaitins arine tine, oEidehtion 3lbuld b€ givm b chm3ine ovd 69tu tlrm s wde ii'br6

. Diehrrs€ shourd hle pLe lhrcugh a s valve.nd wh€E pcible n rhe siri. oppcjr60 rh€ engine @m L*n*6.

. An 'm{nrial

inreb eholld b€ .106.l.. If dircfi.Eenutb€tmmrhed€.kLvel,0errblehosshouldb€r8cedbdrodb.tow

. All sfety pRaurilx nlating 10.he pl€me oI nmmble or tdic eas in the vicinity ofdE dek nu* b. ob*n.d.

. A 6dio wamina ehould be bddcasr tor dF i.tolmtid or ships narby.

Any imidar, a..idoral or delrbdab .nd wherhs ai s r h pod, thar calls or winProbably..ue a Fl€a$ ol oil inio tE sa shdld b€ r€Ibftd b rh€ proF aurhorfiis. E chship w r hrve it3 od Shiphoard oil Fohtion Enei8€n.y Plan (SOPEP), wlrj.h win Bile

Frm 2003, dE ene Eporiry re,ruiFmenb wirr appry ro a.tul or prbabte r€l6s ornon(x uquid subiah@s, and in !h€ .e ot ships edified b .arry such carse the sofEPwill b€mme . shipboard Madne Pornlim Endsecy pl[ (sM?Ep), ovding spiDaS€ ot

Unplanned expos!re ot p€'sml b dic or .omsire r!m6 oi liquid shdld alwaF b€ftrkd a m e'ffi36cy. 5€.6N A 3 an<t 8.3 Sive an on ine indiGrion or appopri:h caE.h noF *rio6 ..s, rh€ Erue rsn shourd be n biti*d and tF Ese rlan inDhdbdFi^rdd lhdd b€dn,nsEFd.\ ind'..sd in lnp produd m,hn.td,b rh4i. ciryru|.dvie is 3iv6 in m€ Ene'gfty s.hedul6 (Ens) ad $e Medi.al Fi6t aid cuidc tor up inA..jddb Involvi$ Dflgeos c..ds O,TFAGI

TlE mrfu n6r aaruh rF situGs of dr qp6ue fld, it in doubr, s4€r medical

on h6rin3 rh€ tefriMl alam b€ing $unded, or on bei.A dhetrie advi&d ol6 eherg€nctat rhe bmiMl, a ship vhich is not involved in rh. etMSmcy shodd b€ pr€?ared for theriuaad b wolyn. It m.y bffie ffiry b shut doM all cdBo, bun*eing .nd balasringop€rariw, wiortraw p€eMel fioh rhe op€n .kl, bnry 6F fuhrhg .apability bo a dbE otEadi.s, ud m,r€ 6cim, sisin3 36r and unn&riry .quipnmr rady lor inn€diah@. Cddnsmcy e.rutim Bhdld t l1xidered.

If an ehe$mc' dEt camd b. cmtulled lxn6 on a.hemi6r tanr6 a l€mituL it my b€nNry 60 osider @oval fbm th€ betn' Phuhg for tu.n an evobal y win EttuiPMsulkhm bdffi a FplEgbrive ol th€ pd aurhoity or ha.b@,]@k, rhe GporEibteiemi.alotfi.ial,tlEna6brolrh€b s fld rhe mior lmal aurltoriry 6E ot6d. Ine drnthould A dd haf aoo wh(h mBhr ftl€& dLhd rhin €dr p th; d.iss b peN;tr|.inehn**,ihehmirolodErshiFb€rrh€dmrbyMdadFMiirot llatioB By$etin€itis

86

j1cery ro Ehove a h'r<er which is on fire, the cidmtanes my b€ such rh2t dE ship,s

'rhe d{isim wh€rh.! b lmov€ . knls hdei onholled onditims or ro frh n ar $eb€dn shoul4 h rhe li6r insrare, b€ baeed m rh€ salety or life.

87

CHAPTER9

: Cabrer d flh 9?. r6?ibt63 S.|l-@Lined €mped * bEtri.S appar.tu (SCABA).4 AIr lnE brurhiry apprratur5 Eoelg.rcy tr.F b@miry appditu

., Typ6 of dhdd cnhr do$hg

89

PERSONALPROTECTTVEEQUIPMENT

rhk.htptn dad,tu t ttuDt ty$s al ?qutpn nt rhitrbt? l pnt(tid, oJ ptt,otn.t,an.ht,".rt

ptutt, rfuk, liot trnt tE i. *iM n, awnd, \ H

'Ine jnPonanc ol ihe plop€r u* df prorrhve doihiry aid equipment bv penonret nvolkdin rhe hndrinS of hazrrdoE .heni!:k €inor be overmphasi*d. Blr i shoutd b.r€nenberd $ar prorKiive cloihing or €quipmhr dN6 nor redue rhe haTard: jt proydB i

Pld{tjvee']ulpfi.n|isusedincorred|yor'5o'lhe$bn3lype,De'error{rive doihiry or equipmenr will noi provide ihe l@ssrry $tqurds rr is rherefored*nr6r ihar rrr iicns ofequjpmd

Tr'e manutactorcr's inshu.ijod should be kepr wjrh rhe elevant eguipmmr, iI posiblq andrdane i5.ar.ied our, d b€roiere AllRr$nnelr,ho

may e requ1nd r. u* pDHive equipnenr shourd b. pop€rly rrin€d in i6 use andrdvlsd of ,6 limibrions. Ilre marFal of ihe sujb, gtov6, f,e shields, Aoggt€s, iprons andoth€r n€ru tsed lhoutd be sunabk far rhe carso. The t8c cod€ sp€.ifis.ed:in p€Mnrlprckiive equipmdr tur individual calg@s

The pbrd,ve dothin8 md equipment dernb€d heF is in iddirjon ro rhe ban. pcGonalprorRrion rhai is rcquired on bo.d lor aew memh.a and vnibF, such as $rery sh6,sa&ty helm€t, efciy 30gg16 et

R6pirarory prorerd n of pdnary inpoian.e sine innrbbd is one ot in€ maioi iou* .t

R6pnabry prcdid equipmeni (br€arhinS apFrarut is d*i8ned b prcvide dp Nr w han adequaie supply of fEh air. Ii lsuany onssb ot a fae pi<e .(n<r€d ro eithe. rn ans0re oun an punJyiry dNi€ (rilht

'Ine faa m.sk mEr be .h{ked and adtu*ed b msE ir is airrighr. Tn€ pEsna of fa.ialhat, s(h a3 la€. nde whiskqs or a b€id, my rdvffly aftRr rhe lrErt $al and, ir it isinpNjble b a.hide a sdsridory eal, rhen morher r€Mn sbuld b. etebd b wear rhe

e.2.2 .,nstd t fud trez rt.etdto.

Cancter or rile. g€ r6piraroE $sb bri. or poisdous dmenb bui 'lo

n r supptyoxnen. rherefor€ iu.h €quipmmt should nd be ued in en.lo!.d sp,c wher rhe oxyaencontrnt or rh. ahGph€rc may be insrfficienr !J sudain lite rn c* o, doubi, always e a*lkmraned shprsFd air bFading apparatus

9l

CanGteG arc av.ilable fd absoprion of: vaneiy ot difterent vapouE, bur tn€ ronowing

. TlE.od 9F oI aider shond b€ nd€d tor rhe v,polr on.emedr i tuy b€ ffiryto.haqe.anGte6whenchanginA.a,:6.

. cant6 slbuld nd b€ op6€d ro dE a66phft until@ded tor w,lE au* they mybmne gtaduly srurared {d in€ft€.riv€.

. canid€G have a limiEd life m in us: drcy should b€ disrded md dBhyed afbr 0s.hen the ah6phdi. con€nkarion oI rh€ mnbmimnh is

*nown d $sF.r€d b b€ mop thm 0.1% (8re:ter tnan l,c{o ppn)

9.2.1 S.tt&toitd omrsAi on Ltdthiry twnt$ (scABA)

Breathing appaiat* sholld br u*d aB rcery by per$mel engaAed in ca$o opsatiosinvolving bxjc.ar3G, by Ine righ6, dd *hd enrins an unsfe spae Tads oronpadnab wb.h ee mi ga iiR, whi.h are deficidt in orygen or which .mtain smokeshould not b€ ent€cd u.ls abeluEly nffisaq,.

BE.tnina appararu coreisb ol a tbrrabl€ suppty of cmprcsld an onbined in a cylinder orcylind€d atached b a .arryi$ frame and h.m6 wom by rhe uer. An n prvided b rheKr rhrcugh a tuu fae msr whi.h 6 b€ adpsed b sive d aidEhr lit Brarhiry appa'atusshould .lwa)s be u*d in rcconrme {fih rhe nanlfaciurc/s jn*turtoN

Breaining apparatu sho,rd b€ srMed tully a€hbr€d in . place wher€ it is Eadily a.csibte.An bdds shoull b€ ,uly charged bd ihe adjsung st6p. kepr slack. Unib should bel(aH so as to be rvailable ,or emer3mci6 in differcnt prns oI ih€ ship.

An lift bFathin8 apparatu has ben developrd b enabl€ .onpssed an equipnhr ro b.upd lor lonS€r Fri.ds dm wdld b€ FTsible using selro ained equipment.lon Th.apparatu (Imi36 of a fae mask suppli€d wim ompr€sd air rhjdSn

Itered and is pcsure reducd ro ih€ d6ign prsrerequiFd b supply an b the fa.e msr. An at line systen may b€ 6ned b .aI3! punpmmIr j3 Kolmmd€d thai an addftioml and conplehly *parab supply ot

fte an Inc bffirhina apparaB should always b€ us€d in amrdal* with rhe lMurrcturels

9.2.5 Enq.nry aupe bathing appantus

Ships enified tft the oniage of dtain car36 ljstd in lhe IMO Cod6 are Equned b b€pmvided w h €pirabry and €ye pdRtion snfriciar for every p€en on b.ad ror

Es.pe *b supply air for ar r6d 15 minuh.-rhe eqlipmml is for m.rgscy u$ 6ly fdrhould not b. ur:d fd any oths purpc€.

fte I8C Code requiG dur bEarhiry appaGtu b€ itrp-led by a GFmibl€ oliicr ar 16ron.eammrh,andinspRedandrestedbyanev€d,treaston€ay6t T.eetFtnayb.one of the ship's oftiG who h6 Reived pmp€a H%nisd tri.in8 h brurhn8 appararusminhre. Deks nur be orrcbd plmpdy. A lftrd shodd b€ *efl ol iBpedioro,r6rs and

'@is. Ah bodls shdld b€ rciiu€d as sn as D6ible atur us. Mdsrs and

helneb shourd b€ cltred ed disi.ked td F.

"-*"., 0***-n"*

-O o."ing in rhe w oI aU 96 oI bParhiry .ppacds should be

caried out regllarly 1o gire p€Mnel €xp€iift. in i6 @. Fanilanty Eained thrdghe3rrar pmdi@ will lead b onJid€re in rh€ equipmnt. o'iy hain€d p€M'ml s\odd E*U{onbimd md air lin€ bEaL\iry app.ratu, si.€ inuRt or inel6ci.n! w cm endarye

92

conracr wiih any chenical subtan.e or prcdud shdtd b€ avoid€d. AI nRsary .ae shouldbe bkm ro pEvent skh md eye o.bcL

The skh nRde pror(hon a8.in*.orGive md dangtuus chnicals. A gament wnhleakpmf fashnings dd manuradrd trcm ch€ni.ally Esisrnnt marnat conshtuhs nreoner poedio ldeany, lhe doining lhould conbin. rhe grea*i de3@ or.onfon wiihth€ maintrm level of prckrion.

ne n m poranr conra minahd do$ing shou td atw.ys b€washed or hos.d ddwn bcfoR rhe weaEr rarA n off Tnc dsus a lm€r *ivi.€ life for ihe.turd iibn, do pflrts flb. 1.rcn rT m.r nnp h<! dnns F q;dorhfg should always be dored in : ventitared arca oukjde ttu

'eonnod,honA tun pmktive suit sho'rrd be u$d when enrerinS areas .drahinar€d wiih ioxi. produds or,e,s wheE the calgo yapdr is 6oriq esFdilty in condiijons whi.h crhefrare, rhe p6ib ny ofyapour pemrding rhe skin rhrc$h the sw6r. &Db and stoves3hould b€ per''mddy ara.hld and €fth€r a tull r:.e brathins mask i

ns of a full lace brcarhing msr

e 3 z rw$.l tnmt rtsxttht.ldhitt

'Ihe type id d€sR ol prdRtion requned b dep€ndcnr on fie physi.popeiries or rhe.aq€s beins h dl€d, wheiher dE iob is.mtinuoB or inremiienr, and theenr nonmen rrl c..diiidns prevri lins It€ .arEo dara sheer should be consu tred.

Fo, riShr drs, unoatrd .oron i5 ronvenriorolly osed in lhe torm ot overalts, ovsa s,snmks er. , and n erislacbry for operaros who af ar only slisht ns* 6on .hcmic* andlhere rh.{ t the (casional dmger or a sptash fDm mild subdanc. crer rire, p.6dal$arkine ckthins miglrt .bsofo sm or .argo vap.u rs ro thepoint when ir bRons n hc.rb lc when wdn hro a(ommodarion, pa dicula y in public

For medium dury, rhe ,p{n povides porRiid Aprcff aie nade in a wid€ ranSe ot sr6,

polyvinyl chhnd€ (PVC), and n.oprene oi polyrethane ccrd ny1m. Heaqvei8hr aFmspndncd frcm h6vy bas rabi6 .oahd wfih pvc 6n b€ {s.d fd ptu

Ilr'C .oahd fabn6 gde.a y prcvide pdRris a3rtur a wide ranSe of chemicals, includingeme of rhe nod .onGive a.ids and ,L:line subsrmcG. TteF are a fs very stung o€ani.$lvab whi.h can leach oui ihe prasici*B r6m Pvc, tukins ( shrf .nd bddl€. wn{handriry oqani. slvdr n n bef b up pmkdive.ldhinS

'rmuractoEd froh

polyudhanq chrorcbu9l tubber.r ner,prene ccred fabric. The lafler aF at$ u$iul whererBsha b nindal oils, wgdable ojls and 38a36 is r.quicd, ahhoush oil .nd lar r6ish.eis briri inio some Pvc er€d fabri6.

For heay duty pordion a side range ol .hehical €isranr clothins d avail.bl€, includinsboiler soits, lm3 srrgaal oab, bib and brn.e seraus, l$gings md thre +ads lengdr

ms elehnically {elded b srop p-rhtion, and g€ndoNover md undd wraF. A wid€ range ol pmMive h6d 3ar is also manufa.brd r the fomor.aps fided ki& nel and shoulde!.oveF. visN arc also lift4 wiin

PVC c6ted bae fabri6 wovd hlm sFrhdi. mknal su.h d nylm md ery16. art $.dior odad wi$ dkd€ly h,trdols dd otuilc chenicars, b6aue rhe bd f.bricNb{nb provid. *suih, k{-Esisran.e and inpnv€d impemeability. Neopre.e oatedand polyrein,re sted rut.nals ai€ als rvailable tor pmkid aaairer very sbgslvenb md $m sp€ifi. cnd,idb. Ine ue or such hervy clothfs n id..l tor prchdim

93

agaiBi pssible.drjnues cmhd widl nrzrd(N $emic,rr or dn nF p@ibility ofdeluSe or spillage coditio$. h tlE latier cae, dE eIRr .rothins win provi& dE pd$ncd€r.ed wiih suftcienr rine b lsve fte afRted aea ,nd either b€ nFd doM or luye riecloihiry rdoved bdoE tne PVC ctiry on tE labri. is atGred

LN or eyeight D , dev:st ring disbility md €ulb in rorar inGpacirtion for . lons Fnod.Ey6 n pafricuhny vulrerable bo injury fron .offijvc and ioxic liqui.rs rd vapooa. Ir irrheEfoE Mtial thar rhey Reire sp€iar .ddftadon whe^ asina the n€€d for

ThR is a wide ran3e o, eye pmH6 ror .nehicar ha?r.ds. caE slbutd t€ rata b evaluai.ih. .hehical haard prop€rlt auided by rhe cargo dab shd, a.d *kct the eye prcrRbrarcrdinely. Ttere are ihr€ lyp€s of €ye pokioB to cho* Iron:. lhrety goagl6 grve mnpld€ .nemi.al ad mehdi.d eyr pruhhon, {d d gmtrally

b. woh .mrona6ly over m6r sp€ec16.. Fa@ shields, usla,ly onbind {ih a efety helnd, prcvide eye al]d ra@ prtedid lrm

5pl.sh6 of liquid ed nFnmi.al h:zards, but not agamsr vapou haards.. snret spdbclq wiL\ or withour Lkal por<tion Gide shierds), aF alailable wiih

dir&Ml lens narerials. SnfeV spdhcls raPly fit prop€rly over orditury spebcle,ndthenfore care should b€ blen b achi

For pokti.n agai.sr splash$ ot liquid .nd wheE the is doubt abotrt the ad€qucy orprordion povided, sr€ry go€ales or a fae shierd 6hould be r?d.

Tne nunbs ol haards for whi.h hmd prordio my be requito{ can rmse fron sinpledut or vapour ro p'khon rsaimr hmiry niti. acid. obviolsly dr ry?€ of glove has ro besl6d€d oefllly and it is inpotuto udeBhd ih. hard or conb

in.lnde orcive chenielr roric chenicals ihar m beab$lb€d throwh the slin, .n l hth knp€EruF car3es Fortotutely thd€ h a wide choieol glove whid .an adequEly pdet tne hmd as.iGi nGt hurds

PvC or rubbc. glde aE av.il.ble in a nn3e oi tnicrms* ad weighrs, and the choie willdep.nd d the.a€e b€hs h.ndl€d Nspff or nihiL rutt's Elov6lEve €xclleniEsisr,ne ro 5l!enb, pdml oirs rd mry chenicar. whe. chcing the slKr stoves, alb. boly.lorhinS, me shodd b€ 3uided by rh€.a4o dah shet, $e esisb@ or rh€ glov6,{abn6 o. mEn.l b rh€ chemicalr, wherhd the workin. conditios am ontinuoB or

I ondiiiw. G€dllly, wh6 mly gld.s aE teins wm,it is .dvisbl€ tor *p slov6 b haw lons effs whi.h d ech ova |n€

nubbd o. Pvc beb ne€d ro b€ {on qhen dEE i3 a rbk oI mnins i.b onhct wfth.orciv€ or roric choic,ls B@b tnt have Einfo(ed 6o€raF are preielable as they alsoSive Pm6id .aaimt slid objKb.

94