31
50 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Circulation [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2014 Feb 17]; 126:2012-35. Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/126/16/2020.full.pdf+html 2. Mendis S, Thygesen K, Kuulasmaa K, Giampaoli S, Mahonen M, Blackett KN, et al. World Health Organization definition of myocardial infarction: 2008-09 revision. International Journal of Epidemiology [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2014 Feb 17]; 40:139-46. Available from: http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/1/139.full.pdf+html 3. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 2011 [cited 2014 Feb 17]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf 4. Rosamod WD, Chambless LE, Folsom AR, Cooper LS, Conwill DE, Clegg L, et al. Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in mortality due to coronary heart disease, 1987 to 1994. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2014 Feb 17]; 339:861-7. Available from: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199809243391301 5. Fox CS, Evans JC, Larson MG, Kannel WB, Levy D. Temporal trends in coronary heart disease mortality and sudden cardiac death from 1950 to 1999: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2013 Feb 17]; 110:522-7. Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/110/5/522.full 6. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Commitee and Stroke Statistics Subcommitee. Circulation [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2014 Feb 17]; 115:e69-171. Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/115/5/e69.full 7. Weir RA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ. Epidemiology of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction: prevalence,

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD. Third

universal definition of myocardial infarction. Circulation [Internet]. 2012 [cited

2014 Feb 17]; 126:2012-35. Available from:

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/126/16/2020.full.pdf+html

2. Mendis S, Thygesen K, Kuulasmaa K, Giampaoli S, Mahonen M, Blackett KN, et

al. World Health Organization definition of myocardial infarction: 2008-09

revision. International Journal of Epidemiology [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2014 Feb

17]; 40:139-46. Available from:

http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/1/139.full.pdf+html

3. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva (Switzerland):

World Health Organization; 2011 [cited 2014 Feb 17]. Available from:

http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf

4. Rosamod WD, Chambless LE, Folsom AR, Cooper LS, Conwill DE, Clegg L, et

al. Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in mortality due to

coronary heart disease, 1987 to 1994. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2014

Feb 17]; 339:861-7. Available from:

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199809243391301

5. Fox CS, Evans JC, Larson MG, Kannel WB, Levy D. Temporal trends in

coronary heart disease mortality and sudden cardiac death from 1950 to 1999: the

Framingham Heart Study. Circulation [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2013 Feb 17];

110:522-7. Available from: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/110/5/522.full

6. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, et al. Heart

disease and stroke statistics–2007 update: a report from the American Heart

Association Statistics Commitee and Stroke Statistics Subcommitee. Circulation

[Internet]. 2007 [cited 2014 Feb 17]; 115:e69-171. Available from:

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/115/5/e69.full

7. Weir RA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ. Epidemiology of heart failure and left

ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction: prevalence,

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LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance

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Lampiran 2. Izin Penelitian

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Lampiran 3. Sertifikat Hewan Coba

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Lampiran 4. Dokumentasi Penelitian

tempat pemeliharaan hewan coba

penyondean pemberian makan dan minum ad libitum

pengukuran panjang tibia pembedahan

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Lampiran 5. Luaran Analisis Program Statistik

Descriptives Luas Penampang Kardiomiosit

N Mean Std.

Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO 9 236.18764 63.449817 21.149939 187.41479 284.95849 115.925 330.790 MET+ISO 11 166.65958 39.299550 11.849260 140.25778 193.06137 99.949 234.393 MET 11 156.25721 44.672729 13.469335 126.24566 186.26876 103.179 233.819 K 11 141.87973 23.092445 6.962634 126.36601 157.39344 105.358 183.130 Total 42 172.34384 54.779943 8.452729 155.27321 189.41448 99.949 330.790

Tests of Normality

Group

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Luas Penampang Kardiomiosit

ISO .199 9 .200* .966 9 .859 MET+ISO .145 11 .200* .981 11 .971 MET .197 11 .200* .915 11 .279 K .171 11 .200* .957 11 .735

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

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Test of Homogeneity of Variances Luas Penampang Kardiomiosit

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 2.026 3 38 .127

ANOVA

Luas Penampang Kardiomiosit

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 50093.808 3 16697.936 8.699 .000 Within Groups 72940.719 38 1919.493 Total 123034.526 41

BERAT BADAN HARI KE-1

Descriptives Berat Badan (pre)

N Mean Std.

Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO 11 27.18 1.537 .464 26.15 28.21 25 30 MET+ISO 11 27.91 2.982 .899 25.91 29.91 23 32 MET 11 28.82 2.359 .711 27.23 30.40 25 34 K 11 27.36 1.859 .560 26.11 28.61 25 31 Total 44 27.82 2.265 .341 27.13 28.51 23 34

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Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Berat Badan (pre)

ISO .234 11 .096 .924 11 .351 MET+ISO .123 11 .200* .953 11 .679 MET .197 11 .200* .947 11 .602 K .184 11 .200* .900 11 .187

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Test of Homogeneity of Variances Berat Badan (pre)

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 1.861 3 40 .152

ANOVA

Berat Badan (pre)

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 17.818 3 5.939 1.172 .332 Within Groups 202.727 40 5.068 Total 220.545 43

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Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Luas Penampang Kardiomiosit

LSD

(I) Group (J) Group Mean

Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval

Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO MET+ISO 69.527065* 19.692036 .001 29.66262 109.39151

MET 79.929429* 19.692036 .000 40.06499 119.79387 K 94.306914* 19.692036 .000 54.44247 134.17136

MET+ISO ISO -69.527065* 19.692036 .001 -109.39151 -29.66262 MET 10.402363 18.681506 .581 -27.41637 48.22109 K 24.779848 18.681506 .193 -13.03888 62.59858

MET ISO -79.929429* 19.692036 .000 -119.79387 -40.06499 MET+ISO -10.402363 18.681506 .581 -48.22109 27.41637 K 14.377485 18.681506 .446 -23.44125 52.19622

K ISO -94.306914* 19.692036 .000 -134.17136 -54.44247 MET+ISO -24.779848 18.681506 .193 -62.59858 13.03888 MET -14.377485 18.681506 .446 -52.19622 23.44125

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

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Case Processing Summary: Survival

Group Total N N of Events Censored

N Percent K 11 0 11 100.0%

ISO 11 2 9 81.8% MET 11 0 11 100.0%

MET+ISO 11 0 11 100.0% Overall 44 2 42 95.5%

Overall Comparisons

Chi-Square df Sig. Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) 6.292 3 .098 Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon) 6.286 3 .099 Tarone-Ware 6.289 3 .098 Test of equality of survival distributions for the different levels of Group.

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BERAT BADAN HARI KE-28 Descriptives

Group Statistic Std. Error Berat Badan (post) ISO Mean 26.56 .766

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 24.79 Upper Bound 28.32

5% Trimmed Mean 26.51 Median 27.00 Variance 5.278 Std. Deviation 2.297 Minimum 23 Maximum 31 Range 8 Interquartile Range 3 Skewness .386 .717 Kurtosis 1.172 1.400

MET+ISO Mean 28.27 .935 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 26.19

Upper Bound 30.36 5% Trimmed Mean 28.03 Median 27.00 Variance 9.618 Std. Deviation 3.101 Minimum 25 Maximum 36 Range 11 Interquartile Range 4 Skewness 1.729 .661 Kurtosis 3.375 1.279

MET Mean 26.18 1.016 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 23.92

Upper Bound 28.45 5% Trimmed Mean 26.15 Median 26.00 Variance 11.364 Std. Deviation 3.371 Minimum 22 Maximum 31 Range 9 Interquartile Range 7 Skewness -.096 .661 Kurtosis -1.706 1.279

K Mean 26.09 .780 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 24.35

Upper Bound 27.83 5% Trimmed Mean 26.10 Median 26.00 Variance 6.691 Std. Deviation 2.587 Minimum 22 Maximum 30 Range 8 Interquartile Range 5 Skewness .387 .661 Kurtosis -.646 1.279

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Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Berat Badan (post) ISO .201 9 .200* .940 9 .581

MET+ISO .262 11 .033 .830 11 .023 MET .253 11 .048 .869 11 .076 K .241 11 .073 .912 11 .259

Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Transformasi data BB (post) dengan fungsi LG10

ISO .196 9 .200* .946 9 .643 MET+ISO .245 11 .063 .865 11 .067 MET .255 11 .045 .864 11 .065 K .224 11 .131 .924 11 .349

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

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Test of Homogeneity of Variances BB (post) yang ditransformasi

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 1.394 3 38 .259

ANOVA

BB (post) yang ditransformasi

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups .009 3 .003 1.375 .265 Within Groups .081 38 .002

Total .090 41

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Descriptives

Berat Jantung (BJ)

N Mean Std.

Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO 9 136.67 20.616 6.872 120.82 152.51 110 170 MET+ISO 11 129.09 23.856 7.193 113.06 145.12 100 170 MET 11 118.18 18.878 5.692 105.50 130.86 80 150 K 11 130.00 24.495 7.385 113.54 146.46 100 190 Total 42 128.10 22.332 3.446 121.14 135.05 80 190

Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic Df Sig. Berat Jantung (BJ) ISO .186 9 .200* .927 9 .453

MET+ISO .212 11 .180 .894 11 .155 MET .189 11 .200* .958 11 .741 K .251 11 .052 .858 11 .054

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

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Test of Homogeneity of Variances Berat Jantung (BJ)

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. .187 3 38 .905

ANOVA Berat Jantung (BJ)

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 1793.074 3 597.691 1.218 .317 Within Groups 18654.545 38 490.909 Total 20447.619 41

Descriptives BJ /PT

N Mean Std.

Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO 9 6.3489 1.00026 .33342 5.5800 7.1178 4.94 7.87 MET+ISO 11 5.8136 1.08955 .32851 5.0817 6.5456 4.45 7.72 MET 11 5.2864 .73816 .22256 4.7905 5.7823 3.80 6.43 K 11 5.9555 1.10354 .33273 5.2141 6.6968 4.73 8.67 Total 42 5.8274 1.02829 .15867 5.5069 6.1478 3.80 8.67

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Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. BJ /PT ISO .171 9 .200* .947 9 .660

MET+ISO .200 11 .200* .895 11 .160 MET .119 11 .200* .974 11 .928 K .179 11 .200* .870 11 .078

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Test of Homogeneity of Variances BJ /PT

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. .453 3 38 .717

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ANOVA BJ /PT

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 5.850 3 1.950 1.976 .134 Within Groups 37.502 38 .987 Total 43.352 41

Descriptives BJ/BB

N Mean Std.

Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound ISO 9 5.2000 .97848 .32616 4.4479 5.9521 3.55 6.52 MET+ISO 11 4.5645 .68238 .20575 4.1061 5.0230 3.70 6.07 MET 11 4.5518 .79004 .23820 4.0211 5.0826 3.64 5.91 K 11 5.0018 .93065 .28060 4.3766 5.6270 4.00 7.31 Total 42 4.8119 .86091 .13284 4.5436 5.0802 3.55 7.31

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Tests of Normality

Group Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. BJ/BB ISO .197 9 .200* .939 9 .566

MET+ISO .178 11 .200* .934 11 .448 MET .204 11 .200* .896 11 .164 K .185 11 .200* .860 11 .058

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Test of Homogeneity of Variances BJ/BB

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.

.348 3 38 .791

ANOVA BJ/BB

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 3.169 3 1.056 1.475 .237 Within Groups 27.219 38 .716

Total 30.388 41

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Lampiran 6. Biodata Mahasiswa

Identitas

Nama : Ihsan Fadilah

NIM : 22010110120066

TTL : Kotabumi, 18 Oktober 1992

Jenis Kelamin : Laki-laki

Alamat : Jalan Citra H30 Graha Estetika, Banyumanik, Semarang

Nomor Telp. : (024) 7463577

Nomor Ponsel : +6285279343000

E-mail : [email protected]

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal

1. TK : TK Tunas Harapan, Lampung Utara Lulus tahun : 1998

2. SD : SDN 4 Tanjungaman, Lampung Utara Lulus tahun : 2004

3. SMP : SMPN 7 Kotabumi, Lampung Utara Lulus tahun : 2007

4. SMA : SMAN 2 Bandarlampung Lulus tahun : 2010

5. FK Undip, masuk tahun : 2010

Keanggotaan Organisasi

1. Kelompok Studi Mahasiswa FK Undip Tahun 2010 s.d 2014

2. Asisten Mahasiswa Bagian Anatomi FK Undip Tahun 2012 s.d 2014

3. Pengabdian Masyarakat BEM FK Undip Tahun 2011 s.d 2013

4. Asisten Mahasiswa Bagian Kimia FK Undip Tahun 2011 s.d 2012

5. Rohis SMAN 2 Bandarlampung Tahun 2007 s.d 2010

6. Karya Ilmiah Remaja SMAN 2 Bandarlampung Tahun 2007 s.d 2009

7. Kesenian OSIS SMPN Kotabumi Tahun 2005 s.d 2006

Pengalaman Penelitian

1. Yoghurt Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) sebagai Inovasi Pangan Sehat

Anti-osteoporosis: Sebuah Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Wistar Model

Osteoporosis, 2014.

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2. Prevalensi Infeksi Cacing Cambuk (Trichuris trichiura) dan Cacing Tambang

(Necator americanus dan Ancylostoma duodenale) pada Ibu Hamil di Kota

Semarang, 2013-2014.

3. Analisis Genotype-Phenotype pada Penderita dan Karier Penderita Leber

Hereditary Optic Neuropathy di Indonesia, 2012.

4. Efek Pemberian Yoghurt Kacang Tanah (Phaseolus vulgaris) terhadap Profil

Lipid Serum dan Jumlah Coliform serta Lactobacilli Feses pada Tikus

Dislipidemia, 2011.

Pengalaman Presentasi dan Mengikuti Lomba Karya Ilmiah

1. Yoghurt Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) sebagai Inovasi Pangan Sehat

Anti-osteoporosis: Sebuah Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Wistar Model

Osteoporosis. Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Ditjen Pendidikan Tinggi Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. [Penelitian

Didanai]

2. Potensi Gen Antibodi PreS2 dalam Vektor Adenovirus melalui Microneedle

Patch sebagai Vaccinotherapy Hepatitis B dan Karsinoma Hepatoseluler.

FKK Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. [Juara 1 Poster Ilmiah - Nasional]

3. Efek Pemberian Metformin terhadap Hipertrofi Miosit dan FIbrosis

Interstisial Jantung pada Mencit Pasca-Infark Miokardium yang Diinduksi

dengan Isoproterenol. Bidang Riset Himpunan Mahasiswa Kedokteran

Umum Undip. [Juara 3 Proposal Penelitian - Program Studi]

4. Mycospray Berbasis Aspergillus niger Entomopatogenik: Sebuah Inovasi

Pengontrolan Resistensi dan Populasi Aedes aegypti dalam Upaya

Pengendalian Dengue. Departemen Riset BEM FK KM Undip. [Juara 1

Proposal Penelitian - Fakultas]

5. Yoghurt Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) sebagai Inovasi Pangan Sehat

Anti-osteoporosis: Sebuah Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Wistar Model

Osteoporosis. Departemen Riset BEM FK KM Undip. [Juara 2 Proposal

Penelitian - Fakultas]

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6. Evidence-Based Medicine: Tribendimidine sebagai Obat Alternatif Terbaru

untuk Terapi Ascariasis. Badan Analisis dan Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional

(BAPIN)-Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia (ISMKI) beserta FK

Universitas Padjajaran. [Finalis 6 Besar Gagasan Tertulis - Nasional]

7. Mycospray Berbasis Aspergillus niger Entomopatogenik: Sebuah Inovasi

Pengontrolan Resistensi dan Populasi Aedes aegypti dalam Upaya

Pengendalian Dengue. Himpunan Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Undip.

[Juara 1 Gagasan Tertulis - Nasional]

8. Potensi Gen Antibodi PreS2 dalam Vektor Adenovirus melalui Microneedle

Patch sebagai Vaccinotherapy Hepatitis B dan Karsinoma Hepatoseluler.

Himpunan Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Undip. [Juara 3 Gagasan Tertulis-

Nasional]

9. Curcumin in Curcuma longa as Inflammoregulator to Prevent

Carcinogenesis of Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer Promoted by

Commensal pks+ Escherichia coli. FK Universitas Indonesia. [Juara ke-5

Literature Review - Internasional]

10. Efek Pemberian Yoghurt Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris) terhadap Profil

Lipid Serum dan Jumlah Coliform serta Lactobacilli Feses pada Tikus

Dislipidemia. FK Udayana. [Juara 3 Penelitian - Nasional]

11. Potensi Antibodi PreS2 dalam Vektor Adenovirus melalui Microneedle Patch

sebagai Vaccinotherapy Hepatitis B dan Karsinoma Hepatoseluler. FK

Udayana. [Finalis 10 Besar Poster Ilmiah - Nasional]

12. Efek Pemberian Yoghurt Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) terhadap Kadar

C-Telopeptida Serum, Kadar Alkali Fosfatase Serum dan Gambaran

Histopatologi Tulang pada Tikus Ovariektomi Model Osteoporosis. Bidang

Riset Himpunan Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Undip. [Juara 1 Proposal

Penelitian - Program Studi]

13. Potensi Idebenone untuk Optimalisasi Fungsi Mitokondria pada Penderita

Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). FK Universitas Sriwijaya.

[Finalis 10 Besar Gagasan Tertulis - Nasional]

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14. Analisis Genotype-Phenotype pada Penderita dan Karier Leber Hereditary

Optic Neuropathy di Indonesia. FK Undip. [Penelitian didanai]

15. Efek Pemberian Yoghurt Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris) terhadap Profil

Lipid Serum dan Jumlah Coliform serta Lactobacilli Feses pada Tikus

Dislipidemia. Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Ditjen Pendidikan Tinggi Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. [Penelitian

Didanai]

16. Efek Pemberian Yoghurt Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris) terhadap Profil

Lipid Serum dan Jumlah Coliform serta Lactobacilli Feses pada Tikus

Dislipidemia. Fakultas Teknik Undip. [Juara 1 Proposal Penelitian -

Universitas]