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Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

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Page 1: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials
Page 2: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials
Page 3: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Immunizig Agents

• Active immunizing antigens• Conjugating agents• Suspending fluid• Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Page 4: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Administration

• Site and route • Pain management• Scheduling• Blood products & MMRV

Page 5: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Safety

Page 6: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Dr Sears messages

• Doctors do not understand vaccines• Public Health Agencies and Pharma

companies are not Trustworthy• Vaccine Mandates or Optional• Vaccine preventable diseases are not so

bad• Hide in the herd

Page 7: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Dr Sears messages

• Vaccination as a cause of chronic diseases

• Safety testing is insufficient

Page 8: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

The problem

• Decision making• Bad science vs good science• VAERS reports overestimate adverse

effects• Risks from vaccine preventable diseases• Thimerosal (Thompson et al NEJM

2007;357(13):1281-1292• Coincidence vs casuality

Page 9: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001שנה

0

1-4

5-9

10-14

15-44

45-64

65+

ל-

ר עו

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0.0

00

שעלת לפי קבוצות גיל,1991 - 2001

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What are Human Papillomaviruses?

• Group of viruses belonging to Papillomarividae family

• Double stranded DNA viruses – Non-enveloped capsid consisting of

72 pentavalent capsomeres

• Up to 200 different genotypes identified

• Classified according to:

– Tropism: Cutaneous or Mucosal≈ 30–40 anogenital mucosal HPV

– Risk of neoplasia: Low risk or High risk

≈ 20 HPV cause cervical cancer

Syrjänen and Syrjänen. Papillomavirus infections in human pathology. Wiley & Sons, Chichester; 2000. p.11–46

Page 27: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Clearly Defined Pathogenic Types and Related Diseases

1. Wieland et al. Papillomaviruses in human pathology: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and oncogenic role. In: Gross, Barasso Eds. Human papillomavirus infection: A clinical atlas. Ullstein-Mosby; 1997. p.1–18.

2. Von Krogh. Eur J Dermatol. 2001; 11:598–603. 3. Munoz et al. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:518–527

Classification Examples of Types Associated disease

Cutaneous

Low Risk 1, 2, 3, 10, 27 Cutaneous warts (flat, common, plantar

warts)

High Risk 5, 8 Epidermodysplasia verruciformis

Mucosal

Low Risk 6, 11, 42, 43, 44, 55 Condylomata acuminataLaryngeal papillomatosis

High Risk 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 Bowen's disease, bowenoïd papilosisCervical dysplasia and cervical carcinomaCarcinoma of penis, vulva, vagina, anus

Page 28: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials
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להגנה מפני הדבקההכרחייםנוגדנים מנטרלים

Neutralizing antibodies prevent HPV infection

Nonneutralizing antibodies do not

neutralize HPVNo antibodies –

viral infection

Adapted from Chen XS et al. Molecular Cell. 2000;5:557–567.

Cell surface receptors

5

Page 30: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Cervarix (GSK) GARDASIL (MSD)

בחיסוןHPVזני

20/20 20/40/40/20 )μgריכוז למנה (

Insect cell substrateYeast

Proprietary assembly/reassembly process increasing stability

טכנולוגיה בה מייצרים L1את חלקיקי הוירוס

AS04Aluminum hydroxide +

3-deacetylatedmonophosphoryl lipid A

(MPL, Corixa/GSK)

AAHSAmorphous aluminum

hydroxyphosphate sulfate)Merck and Co., Inc(.

אדגובנט

500 μg/50 μg 225 μg מינון אדג'ובנטאירופה, אוסטרליה,

ניו-זילנד, דרום אמריקה, אסיה

), אירופה, FDAארה"ב (קנדה, אוסטרליה, ניו-זילנד, דרום דרום אמריקה, אסיה

אישורים בעולם

HPVחיסונים נגד

6 11 16 1816 18

Page 31: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

HPV and Vaccines (Gardasil and Cervarix)

• Seroconversion: 100% neutralising antibody

• Antibody titers higher than natural antibody titers

• Duration at least 5 years, expected 10y+• Excellent efficacy and safety profile

Page 32: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

גיל התנסות מינית ראשונה בארץ

הראל י, קני ד, רהב ג. נוער בישראל. רווחה חברתית, בריאות והתנהגויות סיכון במבט בינלאומי. ג'וינט 1997– מכון ברוקדייל, ירושלים,

Page 33: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

Age at Enrollment (Years)

Per-protocol immunogenicity (PPI) population (ages 9–26)*Neutralizing anti-HPV 6 GMTs at month 7

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

500

700

900

1100

1300

15001600

Ser

um c

LIA

GM

T w

ith 9

5%

CI,

mM

U/m

L

Efficacy ProgramImmunogenicity Bridge

*Inclusive of five study protocols; all GMTs measured using cLIA.cLIA = competitive Luminex® immunoassay; CI = confidence interval

Vaccination at a Younger Age Resulted in Higher Response for Neutralizing Antibodies

10

Page 34: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

HPVהדילמות בחיסון נגד בעיות אתיות

) חיסון ילדות נגד מחלות המועברות במגע מיניSTI (

שיחה בנושא יחסי מין עם הורי הילדות

הסכמת ההורים לחסן את בנותיהן

בעיות תרבותיות חיסון כנגד מחלות מין יגרום לירידה בערכים משפחתיים ועלול

לעודד ירידה במוסר מיני

אמונות ודיעות לגבי חיסונים ויעילות חיסונים

Page 35: Immunizig Agents Active immunizing antigens Conjugating agents Suspending fluid Preservatives, stabilizers, antimicrobials

(המשך)HPVהדילמות בחיסון נגד תוכניות חיסון למתבגרות

מנות חיסון למתבגרות?3מתן

מחיר?מי צריך לשלם עבור החיסון

השפעה אפשרית של חיסונים נגדHPV על בדיקות סקר למשטח צוואר

הרחם והיענות לבדיקה

) החיסון אינו תחליף לביצוע משטח צוואר הרחםpap(

?מי צריך לחסן