ClimateChange

IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS

Dr Wolfgang GrabsChief, Hydrological Forecasting and Water Management

Climate and Water Departmentwgrabs@wmo.int

IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS

• Matching user requirements with available observations,

• Demand driven Improvement of current observations (temporal, spatial, accuracy, new observation platforms…)

• Improve on data sharing agreements and protocols• Improve access to data: Need for metadata

catalogs and inter-operable data management• Improve (tele)communication modes

IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS

• Maintaining stream of observations into global databases

• Improve quality control of observations and uptake in global datasets

• Feedback and gratification for data providers (!!!)

• Interactive linkage of global data sets

• From data to informationFrom data to information: Building data products

• Aggregate data sets to interactive, multiple-layer multiple variable products (i.e. hydrology, precipitation, groundwater, soil moisture, climate..)

IMPROVING THE UPTAKE OF GLOBAL DATA SETS

Making improved use of observations for modeling (example):

Framework for Aquatic Modeling of the Earth System (FrAMES) – Vörösmarty et al, 2008

Highly modular platform for model development allowing a high degree of configuration capabilities and ease of various input data. Next generation FrAMES will provide an XML based model definition for the implementation of various model processes. Inputs are managed by plug-in infrastructure to allow the implementation of different data streams through direct file access to different file formats or access into web-based data services.

Examples for Data Portals

Global Data Sets - Platforms

FLASH FLOOD THREAT 3-HOUR UPDATE

Challenges to the production of Global Data Sets (examples)

• Inadequate / deteriorating systems for collecting and managing water-resources related information

• Little or no-quality assurance & control standards applied to instruments, data reduction methods and procedures

• Insufficient basic capabilities to access, interpret, and apply water cycle information available from satellite systems

Declining ability of the National Hydrological Services (NHSs) and related water agencies to provide

information on the status and trend of water resources

« Rationalization » of networks: Stations with long-term records are abandoned because it is felt that no

incremental hydrological information can be obtained for i.e. engineering/design purposes.

This neglects the potentially changing hydrological regime as a result of climate change.

Long-term hydrological records are indispensible to assess impacts of climate change and to derive adaptive measures.

Declining Hydrological Networks:

USGS example

Source: http://water.usgs.gov/nsip/history.html

From 1980 to 2004, 2,051 stream gauges with 30 or more years of streamflow record were discontinued. At the end of 2005, 7360 stations were active

Decline of hydrological stations in Kirgizstan (Aral Sea Basin) 1985-2005

147 146 145137135

127 128120123 118

97 96

85 8575 75 75 76 76 76 76 76

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005Годы

Динамика сокращения наблюдений гидрологической сети Кыргызгидромета

Ги

др

опо

сты

Number of hydrological stations declined by 48% in the period 1985-2005

Approaches to Facilitating Access and Uptake

Global Data Sets

Cataloging datasets

• Index of Datasets• Product Catalog

– Printed– On-line

• Clearinghouse– Searching– Browsing

• Data Warehouse– Management

Locate Evaluate Extract

Federal Agency

Academic

State Agency

Local Agency

Private Company

Non-Profit Agency

?

?

?

?

?

?

ClientClient MetadataSpatialData Set

Call for services to easily identify, evaluate, access hydrologic dataCall for standard of formats and transfers, for standard of descriptionsGRDC - exchange of hydrologic data and information on global scale

Various data users from all over the world require special datasets.GRDC - facilitator between the producers and users of hydrologic data

WMO Information System - WIS brings new features and opportunities

• Common information exchange standards, functions and

services for all WMO programmes

• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time

• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard)

• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility

Structure of WIS

Functional centres interconnected by data communication networks:

• National Centres (NC)– Links national data providers and users to regional and global data

exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS

• Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC)– Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO

programmes’ data and products– Supports data and information push and pull

• Global Information System Centres (GISC)– Provides for global exchange of data and products– Collects and provides metadata for all data and products– Supports data and information discovery and pull

GAW World Data Centres

GCOS Data Centres

Global Run-off Data Centre

Global Precip. Climatology Centre

IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)

International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Commercial Service

Providers

World Radiation Centre

Regional Instrument Centres

WMO World Data Centres

International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO)

Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”

internet

DCPC

NC/DCPC

NCNC

NC/DCPC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

GISC

GISCGISC

SatelliteTwo-Way Systems

Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,

etc)

NC

NC

DCPC

GISC GISC

DCPC

WISWIS

GTSIGDDS

GTSIGDDS

WeatherDomain

WeatherDomain

ClimateDomain

ClimateDomain

WaterDomain

WaterDomain

G E OG E O

HealthHealth EnergyEnergy DisastersDisasters WeatherWeather ClimateClimate WaterWater AgricultureAgriculture

EcosystemsEcosystems BiodiversityBiodiversity

W M OW M O

InternetInternet GEO-NetCast

GEO-NetCast

W I SW I S

WIS contribution to GEO

Thank You