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Incidence of Pregnancy and Abortion. Pregnancies in the United States (Approximately 6.3 Million Annually). Intended. Unintended. Source: Henshaw, 1998a (1994 data). Unintended Pregnancies (Approximately 3.0 Million). Source: Henshaw, 1998a (1994 data). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Incidence of Pregnancy and Abortion
PRCH & AGI 2001
Pregnancies in the United States(Approximately 6.3 Million Annually)
52%48%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
% o
f pr
egna
ncie
s
UnintendedIntended
Source: Henshaw, 1998a (1994 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Unintended Pregnancies(Approximately 3.0 Million)
47%40%
13%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
% o
f u
nin
t. p
regs
.
Births Abortions Miscarriages
Source: Henshaw, 1998a (1994 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Incidence of Abortion
Each year about 1.3 million pregnancies are terminated by Each year about 1.3 million pregnancies are terminated by abortion in the United States.abortion in the United States.
2.2% of all women aged 15-44 had an abortion in 1997.2.2% of all women aged 15-44 had an abortion in 1997.
Abortion is one of the most common surgical procedures.Abortion is one of the most common surgical procedures.
By age 20, 1 in 7 women have had at least one abortion, By age 20, 1 in 7 women have had at least one abortion, and by age 45, 4 in 10 have done so. and by age 45, 4 in 10 have done so.
Source: AGI; Henshaw, 1998a
International Perspective on Abortion
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortion Rates in Western
Industrialized Countries
22.9 22.2
18.716.5 16.4 15.6
7.6 6.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Rat
e p
er 1
,000
U.S
.
Au
stra
lia
Sw
eden
Den
mar
k
Can
ada
En
g. &
Wal
es
Ger
man
y
Hol
lan
d
Source: Henshaw, 1999a (1996 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortion Rates in Developing Countries
111
77.7
49.4 43.9
26.1 25.9 25.0 22.7
8.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Rat
e p
er 1
,000
Vie
tnam
Cub
a
Tad
jikis
tan
Kaz
akhs
tan
Chi
na
Mon
golia
Tur
key
Pue
rto
Ric
o
Tun
isia
PRCH & AGI 2001
U.S. Share of Abortions Worldwide
3%
97%
U.S.
Rest of world
Source: Henshaw et al., 1999b (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortion Rate, U.S. and World
23
35
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Rat
e p
er 1
,000
wom
en
U.S. World
Source: Henshaw et al., 1999b (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortions in Developed and Developing Countries
22%
78%
Developed
Developing
Source: Henshaw et al., 1999b (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Many Abortions Occur in Countries Where Abortion is Illegal Under
Most Circumstances
44%
56%
Illegal
Legal
Source: Henshaw et al., 1999b (1995 data)
Reasons for Abortions
PRCH & AGI 2001
Most Important Reason Given for Terminating an Unwanted Pregnancy
Inadequate finances 21%
Not ready for responsibility 21%
Woman’s life would be changed too much 16%
Problems with relationship; unmarried 12%
Too young; not mature enough 11%
Children are grown; has all she wants 8%
Fetus has possible health problem 3%
Woman has health problem 3%
Pregnancy caused by rape, incest 1%
Other 4%
Average number of reasons given 3.7
Source: Torres and Forrest, 1988
Gestational Age
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortions by Gestational Age(Weeks Since Last Menstrual Period)
55.4%
22.0%
10.7%6.2% 4.3%
1.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
% o
f ab
orti
ons
<9 9-10 11-12 13-15 16-20 21+Weeks
Source: Koonin et al., 2000 (1997 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Reasons for Abortions After 16 Weeks from Last Menstrual Period
Woman did not realize she was pregnant 71%
Difficulty making arrangements for procedure 48%
Afraid to tell parents or partner 33%
Needed time to make decision 24%
Hoped relationship would change 8%
Pressure not to have abortion 8%
Something changed during pregnancy 6%
Didn’t know timing was important 6%
Didn’t know she could get an abortion 5%
Fetal abnormality diagnosed late 2%
Other 11%
Average number of reasons given 2.2
Source: Torres and Forrest, 1988
Who Has Abortions
PRCH & AGI 2001
Who Has Abortions: Age
15-19 19%
20-24 32%
25-29 24%
30-34 14%
35-39 8%
40-44 3%
<151%
Source: Ventura et al., 2001 (1997 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Who Has Abortions: Marital Status
Never married 64%Married
18%
Separated 7%
Divorced, widowed 10%
Source: Henshaw and Kost, 1996 (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Who Has Abortions: Family Income
<$15,000 29%
$15,000-$29,999 20% 18%
$30,000-$59,999 38%
$60,000 or more 14%
Source: Henshaw and Kost, 1996 (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Who Has Abortions:Religious Identification
Protestant 37%
Catholic 31% 18%
Jewish 1%
None 24%
Other 6%
Source: Henshaw and Kost, 1996 (1995 data)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Who Has Abortions: Number of Prior Abortions
None 51%
One 28% 18
Two 13%
Three or more8%
Source: AGI, unpublished data (1997 data)
Who Provides Abortion Services
PRCH & AGI 2001
Percent of Abortions Performed by Each Type of Provider
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
% o
f ab
orti
ons Abortion
clinic
Otherclinic
Hospital
Physicianoffice
Source: Henshaw, 1998b
Safety of Abortion
PRCH & AGI 2001
Deaths per 100,000 Abortions or Births
0.2 0.3 0.61.8
3.7
12.7
0.6
6.6
02468
101214
Dea
ths
per
100
,000
<9
9-10
11-1
2
13-1
5
16-2
0
21+
All
ab
s.
Bir
ths
Weeks since last menstrual period
Source: Gold, 1990(Data for 1981-1985)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Percentage Distribution of Abortion Deaths
29%
18% 16%14%
23%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Per
cen
t of
dea
ths
Source: Lawson et al., 1994 (Data for 1983-1987)
PRCH & AGI 2001
Abortion Risks in PerspectiveChance of death
Risk from terminating pregnancy: per year:
Before 9 weeks 1 in 500,000 Between 9 and 10 weeks 1 in 300,000 Between 13 and 15 weeks 1 in 60,000 After 20 weeks 1 in 8,000
Persons who participate in:
Motorcycling 1 in 1,000 Automobile driving 1 in 5,900 Power boating 1 in 5,900 Playing football 1 in 25,000
Risks to women aged 15-44 from:
Having sexual intercourse (PID) 1 in 50,000 Using tampons 1 in 350,000
Source: Hatcher, 1998; Gold, 1990
PRCH & AGI 2001
Percentage of Maternal Mortality Worldwide Due to Unsafe Abortion
Maternal mortality (600,000 deaths/year)
87%
13%
Unsafe abortion
Other causes
Source: WHO, 1998(Estimates for 1995-2000)