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India Human Geography of South Asia

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Invasions, Empires & Independence History dates back more than 4000 years Began in the Indus River Valley around 2500 B.C. Two great empires emerged along the Ganges- the Mauryans and Gupta

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The Mughal Empire New invaders from Central & Southwest Asia arrived in the 5 th century A.D. Muslims conquered the Indus Valley and established the Mughal Empire

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Europeans Arrive In the 1500s, traders arrived looking for spices & cloth The British East India Company controlled Indias trade The period of British control was called the raj- it lasted almost 90 years The spice trade

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Predict: How do you think India responded to British colonialism?

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Indians & Colonialism Most Indians didnt like being a British colony Mohandas Gandhi began a opposition movement based on nonviolent resistance India won independence in 1947

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Independence Brings Division Muslims of West & East Pakistan (now Pakistan & Bangladesh) chose to separate from India (mostly Hindu) and form their own country This division created violence between the Hindus & Muslims

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Worlds Largest Democracy India adopted a Constitution in 1950 and became democratic It is a mixture of American and British democracy States with a strong central government Parliament with a prime minister

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Video Predictions How many people live in Mumbai? About how many people live in Dharavi? On average, how much money do people make per day? Describe what the conditions might be like in the slum. Where people live Pollution issues Safety Types of jobs

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Predict: What is Indias economy like?

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Economic Challenges Economic progress has been slow India has one of the worlds largest economies, but per capita income is low About live in poverty

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Dependence on Farming About 2/3 rely on farming Most farms are very small and yield few crops Many struggle to grow enough for their own families

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Dependence on Farming In the late 1990s, 5% of the population owned almost 25% of the land Large landowners have more political influence so reforms to balance land ownership have been unsuccessful

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The Green Revolution New farming techniques with higher-yielding grain varieties has increased production Wheat and rice production has expanded Many peasants cannot afford these improvements though

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Growing Industry Automobile manufacturing Chemicals Food processing High-tech industry Oil and gas Textiles

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List anything you know about Indian culture. Food, family life, etc.

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Marriage & Family Is at the center of Indian life Many marriages are still arranged Indian families are typically very large, with many generations living together Marriages are usually male-dominated & divorce is rare

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Daily Life Many Indians are vegetarian and eat a diet based on rice, legumes and breads A spicy dish called curry is popular Meat consumption is limited by Hindus and Muslims

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Education Most middle-class children attend school Literacy rates are rising In slums and rural areas though, literacy rates are low Improving education is a priority in India

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Most Indians are Hindu Belief in many gods- polytheistic Reincarnation- rebirth of souls after death Karma determines how you are reincarnated

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Caste System In Hinduism, you can move into a different caste only through reincarnation. This sometimes prevents people from improving their lives.

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Famous Landmarks- The Taj Mahal Estimated to have used 22,000 laborers to build Built in memory of the Emperors third wife All four sides are identical Full height is 561 feet

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Writing Prompt- Complete the following in 1 paragraph: Life Dharavi is......

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Tech Workers & Time Zones What does outsource mean? What is Indias comparative advantage? How does America take advantage of Indias time zone? Which city is the IT hub in India? Why are IT jobs popular with people in India? About how many Indians speak English? List 2 reasons that young Indians do not attend school. What caused the brain drain in India?