INFLUENZA VACCINE Health Promotion Project Lauren Studdard
Auburn University MSN
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THE NEED FOR VACCINATION Influenza is associated with the most
deaths from a vaccine-preventable disease. Approximately 90% of
influenza deaths occur in those over 65 years. Influenza is highly
contagious and can affect any population. The flu vaccine is around
70% effective in preventing the flu!!!
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THE NEED FOR EDUCATION Because the flu is highly contagious and
can affect any population, it is essential to promote education. At
Community Medical Arts Center in Tallassee, Al, we saw a need for
patient education on influenza and the vaccine. Common Myths and
Misconceptions from Patients Waiting until winter to get the
vaccine. The flu shot might give me the flu. Last time, it gave me
the flu. I dont need the vaccine, because I have never had the flu
before. Fear of side effects
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MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS Waiting until winter for vaccination
may provide greater immunity later in the flu season. May result in
missed opportunities Forgetting to return to the clinic Exposure to
the flu early in the season Limited availability of vaccine later
in the season Getting the Flu from the Vaccine According to the
CDC, the flu vaccine cannot give individuals the flu. The flu shot
is composed of an inactivated virus and is not infective. Flu-like
symptoms that occur after vaccination may be due to exposure to the
flu shortly before or after being vaccinated. It takes 2 weeks
before the vaccine is effective.
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PROJECT DEVELOPMENT Location: Community Medical Arts Center in
Tallassee, Al Flu shots were available beginning in October.
Providers should offer flu vaccinations during routine visits to
avoid missed opportunities (Grohskopf et al., 2014) Many patients
were declining the vaccine due to myths and misconceptions. Staff
agreed that there was a need for education on influenza and the
vaccine. The clinic only offered the inactivated flu vaccine. The
flu shot For the purpose of this project and the clinics
availability of only the inactivated vaccine, patient education
pertained to the inactivated vaccine.
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PROJECT DEVELOPMENT: BROCHURE A brochure was created and
distributed to 25 patients at their clinic visit. These patients
were in the Adult and Geriatric populations. Research was performed
on influenza and the inactivated vaccine prior to creating the
brochure. Relevant research on the 2014-2015 Flu Season and
Inactivated Vaccine Common misconceptions/myths Also included in
the brochure Definition of the flu Mode of transmission Reasons for
vaccination Flu symptoms Vaccine risks and side effects
Contraindications
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PROJECT DELIVERY Dorothea Orems Self-Care Theory According to
Orem, an individuals health outcomes depend on his or her ability
to read, comprehend, and communicate healthcare information.
Communication between the provider and the patient is key to
achieving positive outcomes (Wilson, Baker, Nordstrom, &
Legwand, 2008). With Orems theory in mind, the brochure was created
to be easy to read and understood by those with lower literacy
skills. Brochures were not simply handed out, but education was
given also. Education on information in the brochure Other forms of
flu prevention Frequent hand washing Self-isolation when sick
Coughing/sneezing into arm sleeve instead of hands
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EVALUATION Out of 25 participants, 16 patients received the flu
vaccine during their clinic visit. 9 patients refused. Reasons for
refusal Previous allergic reaction Flu-like symptoms Arm
pain/swelling Fear of side effects
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EVALUATION All individuals were receptive to the teaching and
seemed eager to learn. Teach-back method was utilized. All
individuals were encouraged to educate their friends, family
members, and co-workers on what they learned. Individuals were
stressed the importance of not only the flu vaccine, but the
importance of health promotion, health prevention, and health
education in the community.
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REFERENCES Campos-Outcalt, D. (2014). The 2014-2015 Influenza
Season: What you need to know. Journal Of Family Practice, 63(9),
532-533. Retrieved from
http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.spot.lib.auburn.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=19c2bf61-1ccf-
4445-838d-
16410e80b4da%40sessionmgr113&hid=104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db
=aph&AN=98176179 Grohskopf, L. A., Olsen, S. J., Sokolow, L.
Z., Bresee, J. S., Cox, N. J., Broder, K. R., &... Walter, E.
B. (2014). Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with
vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization
Practices (ACIP) -- United States, 2014-15 Influenza Season. MMWR:
Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 63(32), 691-697. Retrieved
from
http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.spot.lib.auburn.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=fcafd02d-b3fb-4a6-
a51b-
2622cec20171%40sessionmgr4004&hid=4210&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#d
b=aph&AN=97536606 Key Facts About Seasonal Flu Vaccine. (2014).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm
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REFERENCES Seasonal Flu Shot. (2014). Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/flushot.htm Uphold, C., &
Graham, M. (2013). Clinical guidelines in family practice (5th
ed.). Gainesville, Fla.: Barmarrae Books. Wilson, F. L., Baker, L.
M., Nordstrom, C. K., & Legwand, C. (2008). Using the
teach-back and Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory to increase
childhood immunization communication among low-income mothers.
Issues In Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 31(1), 7- 22.
doi:10.1080/01460860701877142