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5/12/2018 Information Engineering - slidepdf.com
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Information Engineering
Presented by:EngrEngr. Mia V.. Mia V. EleazarEleazar
BS ECE | MS ComSci | DIT
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Today«
You will learn the concept of:î What is information engineering
îIE Framework
î IE techniques
î IE tools
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Introduction
Software engineering applies structured
techniques to one project.
It is a systematic approach to the
analysis, design, assessment,
implementation, test, maintenance and
reengineering of software, that is, the
application of engineering to software.
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Introduction
Information engineering applies
structured techniques to the enterprise
as a whole, or to a large section of theenterprise.
The techniques of information
engineering encompass those of software
engineering in a modified form
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Definition
the application of an interlocking set of
formal techniques for the planning,
analysis, design and construction ofinformation systems on an enterprise
wide basis or across a major section of
the enterprise
focus is on a collection of systemsoperating within an architecture and
supporting the business as a whole
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Development focus
focus is on the front end of the life cycle,
ensuring the systems being built are the
right solutions for the business
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Methodology focus
focus is on the needs of the complete
team
Information Engineering supportsmanagement as in a structured method
but also addresses the real work on the
project through an elaborate collection
on techniques
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Principles
Business driven
Use of graphical communication
Concentrating on small projects
Architecture based
Continuously refined
Geared towards automation
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Models
In traditional data processing, separate
systems were built independently.
Systems were usually incompatible withone another, had incompatible data, and
could be linked together only with
difficulty.
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Models
Some enterprises have hundreds of
incompatible computer applications, all
difficult and expensive to maintain. These systems are often unnecessarily
redundant and expensive, and the
information needed for overall
management control cannot be extractedfrom them.
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Models
The communication of information, by
whatever means, depends on the use of an
information model to provide the structure
for the data items that represent the
information and on the use of a dictionary to
define the meaning of the data items.
In order to achieve understandable
communication it is essential that the sameinformation model and the same dictionary
are used by all parties in the communication
chain.
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Strategic Planning: Enterprise Model
Data Administration, Process Models, Data Models
System Planning
Analysis
Design
Code Generation
Database
Generation
Maintenance
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IE Framework
Strategic Planning
îconcerned with how technology can helpthe enterprise to be more competitive or
meet its goals better
Data administration, data models, and
process modelsî Data models and process models of a
business area are created independent of
any specific applications in the area
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IE Framework
Applications
îUse of computerized tools to fit into theframework
Different teams in different places at
different times will build systems thatlink into the computerized framework
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IE Techniques
Some techniques that are used during anIE project are:
î
Entity analysis : identifies all the thingsthat the enterprise may want to hold dataabout. The analysis classifies all of thethings into different entity types,revealing how they relate to each other.
î Function analysis and process
dependency : takes a function (a majorbusiness activity) of the enterprise andbreaks it down into elementary businessprocesses.
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IE Techniques
î Process logic analysis : describes thesequences of actions carried out by abusiness process and shows which data are
used by each action.î Entity type lifecycle analysis : describes
the significant business changes to entitiesand confirm that processes have beenmodelled to effect these changes
îMatrix cross-checking : creates cross-references between data objects andprocesses to verify that they are necessaryand complete.
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IE Techniques
î Normalization : provides a formal meansof confirming the correctness of the entitymodel.
îCluster analysis : helps define the scope ofdesign areas for proposed businesssystems.
î Data flow and data analysis : makes acomparison possible between the business
area models and the systems currentlysupporting this area, these currentsystems are analyzed using data flow anddata analysis techniques.
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Corporate Information SystemsActivities
There must be strategies for deploymentand management of informationengineering and of corporatecommunication networks, both closelytied to availability and adoption of newtechniques.
The top-level planning needs to guide and
prioritize the expenditures on computingso that the IS department can contributeto the corporate objectives as effectivelyas possible.
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Corporate Information SystemsActivities
The disciplines of information engineeringare not practical without automatedtools.
A large amount of knowledge about theenterprise and its systems is collectedover an extended period and is constantlyupdated.
This requires a computerized repositorywith extensive capability for crosschecking and coordinating the knowledge.
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IE Tools
Automation Tools / CAx Tools
î ANN - Artificial neural network
î DCS - Distributed Control System
î HMI - Human Machine Interface
î SCADA - Supervisory Control and DataAcquisition
î PLC - Programmable Logic Controller
î PAC - Programmable automation controller
îInstrumentation
î Motion control
î Robotics
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IE Tools
CASE Categoriesî Tools support only specific tasks in the
software process.
îW orkbenches support only one or a fewactivities.
î E nvironments support (a large part of) thesoftware process.
Workbenches and environments are generallybuilt as collections of tools. Tools cantherefore be either stand alone products orcomponents of workbenches andenvironments.
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CASE Tools
CASE tools are a class of software that
automate many of the activities involved
in various life cycle phases.
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Workbenches
Workbenches integrate several CASE tools
into one application to support specific
software-process activities. Hence theyachieve:
î a homogeneous and consistent interface
(presentation integration).
î easy invocation of tools and tool chains
(control integration).
î access to a common data set managed in a
centralized way (data integration).
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Workbenches
CASE workbenches can be furtherclassified into following 8 classes:
î Business planning and modeling
î Analysis and design
î User-interface development
î Programming
î Verification and validation
îMaintenance and reverse engineering
î Configuration management
î Project management
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Environments
An environment is a collection of CASE
tools and workbenches that supports the
software process. CASE environments areclassified based on the focus/basis of
integration
î Toolkits
î Language-centered
î Integrated
î Fourth generation
î Process-centered
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Environments
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In conclusion
Information Engineering (IE) applies
structured techniques to the enterprise
as a whole, or to a segment of theenterprise, rather than on a project-by-
project basis.
It aims to build applications rapidly
within a highly automated framework,which enables the applications to work
together.
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In conclusion
It analyses the needs and strategic
opportunities of top management, and
uses these to drive the expenditure oninformation systems.
It uses CASE tools to integrate top-level
planning with the analysis, design and
generation of systems, and enables thesesystems to evolve to high levels of
automation.
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Q & A
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