Information Peacekeeping:A Nobel Objective

• 112 awards, 103 years (1901>• 20 organizational awards

– UN elements 5 (PKF ’88)

– Red Cross 4

– Doctors w/o Borders ’99

– ICBL (Land Mines) ‘97

– Pugwash Conf. ‘’95

– International Physicians ’85

– Amnesty International ’77

– In’t Labor Org. ’69

– Quakers (2), ’47

– Nansen (NO) Refugees ’38

• 19 years with no award (18%)

• US 22, CH 12, UK 10, IE 5, FR 8, SE 5, BE 4, DE 4, ZA 4, IL 3, CA 2, NL 2, NO 2

• Focus of Effort:– 28 peace organization– 19 conflict resolution– 15 human rights, 14 relief– 9 arbitration, 6 disarmament– 5 refugees, 4 nuclear – 2 pacifism, 2 land mines

• Information Aspect:– 23 direct engagement on ground– 22 negotiation, 18 documentation– 12 personal, 7 educational, – 5 author, 5 publicity, 4 media

Top Ten ChallengesTerrorism is the Least of Our Worries

*State of the World Atlas (1997), ** Marq de Villier (Water), John Heidenrich and Greg Stanton (Genocide), Michael Klare et al (Resources), all others from PIOOM Map 2002

Complex Emergencies32 Countries

Refugees/Displaced66 Countries

Food Security33 Countries

Child Soldiers41 Countries

Modern Plagues*59 Countries & Rising

Corruption Common80 Countries

Censorship Very High62 Countries

Resource Wars, Energy Waste & Pollution**

Water Scarcity &Contaminated Water**

Ethnic Conflict 18 Genocides Today**

Policy OpportunitiesWe Can Leverage US Dollars—But You Have to Help…

Global War of Terrorism• ODSI (Dr. Stephen Cambone) wants universal

coverage down to the neighborhood levelTransition to and from War• DoD Directive 3000.cc (draft) is on target

– C4I needed to NGOs, PMCs, locals, etc.– Foreign open sources of information vital

DoD GIG Good But Needs to Evolve Faster • Can’t collect/connect the dots on the fly• Can’t cycle connected dots back to the field• Global grid runs from too fat to not at all

Seven Information Tribes:The Way Ahead

Military

Law EnforcementBusiness

Academic

National

NGO &Media

Religions& Clans

National TribeGovernment

Secrets

"Intelligence"

"Protected"

Open

• Spies & Secrets are the smallest part of government

• Government information is owned by the people, not the “State”

• National Institute of Health (NIH) now demands all research be published via Open Access

• Accountability at all levels is going to rise dramatically in next 5 years

Military TribeArmed Forces & Gendarme/Guard

Targeting

Signals

Imagery

Order of Battle

Mapping

• Military’s greatest value is in maps & charts as well as digital elevation data

• NGA is in process of taking mapping off the market—you must all file demarches at the national level

• Military can also provide C4I “hub” for PKI WAN/LAN open to all parties.

• Swedish Military Academy can provide common training for all

• Military information “process” is priceless

• Border patrol observation is priceless

Law Enforcement TribeINTERPOL, EUROPOL, Provincial & Local Police

Undercover

Investigation

Privacy

Metrics

• Must improve pay across the board—street cops must be “perfect” and protected from temptation—while also being ruthless with political corruption

• Synthetic information and aggregate data mining do not violate privacy

• Greatest obstacle is amount of hard-copy files and lack of digital tools at the precinct level—need US funding

• Metrics, coordination of effort, do not violate privacy—we must have a common view of the battlefield, and global “hot pursuit”

Business TribeBusiness Information Managers—Not Only BI/CI

Client Information

Pricing Information

Cost Information

External Information

• Client information is reasonably “top secret”

• Pricing information (discounts not made public) also

• Cost information can be shared in aggregate ways

• External information generally ignored—imagine if all general managers shared their insights into local political, economic, cultural, and demographic situation?

Academic TribeResearch, Distance Learning, Student Projects

Secret

Sensitive

Private

Open

• In the US, academics have identified $50B a year in import-export tax fraud/money laundering

• Academic data mining is the fastest cheapest means of discovering anomalies while learning new means of discovery

• We are wasting hundreds of billions around the world in duplicate, badly managed, academic studies that are neither digitized properly, nor shared

• Fixing this alone will double what we can know about our most serious issues

NGO-Media TribeGround Truth Observation & Investigation

Secret

Sensitive

Private

Open

• UN aid workers can be immature and spend too much time partying.

• UN information constitutes the largest garbage pit in the world—but if we can connect it, use it, it becomes an information goldmine

• Red Cross, Green Peace, Amnesty International, Doctors without Borders, ECCP—these are the real-world information leaders

• Media publishes 10% of what it knows—we have to get at the other 90% via shared networks

• “Eyes on target” is the gold standard

Citizen-Labor-Religion TribeNeighborhoods, Collectives, and Faith-Based Networks

Secret

Sensitive

Private

Open

• The ultimate intelligence network is public—”intelligence minutemen”

• Labor unions & other collectives have the power to match governments and corporations with public intelligence

• Faith-based networks—B’Nai Brith, Islam, the Catholic Church, Evangelicals, Pentecostals, all have information power that is not properly processed nor shared

• Where we have gone wrong is in thinking that organizations control information—they do not. Weber is dead—we are free if we wish to be…

Three ArchitecturesOne Global Data Capture Service

3. INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE:• incorporates open sources, on and off line• matches global real time knowledge to individual situations

1. NETWORK ARCHITECTURE:• processing in the bit stream• interoperation

2. SEMANTIC ARCHITECTURE:• text-capable• scaled

4. COMMERCIAL COLLECTION:• open source feeds• special collection

Point of Entry Raw Produces Actionable Intelligence

Processed Raw

OPINTEL

Finished Intelligence

Policy Package

Public Perception

HUMINT SIGINT IMINT MASINT OSINT OPS OTHER

HUMINT SIGINT IMINT MASINT OSINT OPS OTHER

Dots need to be connecting at every level,Including immediately upon ingestion.

Today, one third of the dots connect here.(Collect 2/3rd, spill half—some say 80%)

Connecting the Dots 24/7, All Levels

Conversion of Paper Documents to Digital Form

Automated Extraction of Data Elements From

Text and Images

Standardizing and Converting Data Formats

Processing Images, Video, Audio, Signal Data

Automated Foreign Language

Translation

Open Literature Non-Text Data Restricted Information

Detection of Alert Situations

Clustering and Linking of

Related Data

Statistical Analysis to Reveal

Anomalies

Detection of Changing Trends

Interactive Search and Retrieval of

Data

Graphic and Map-Based Visualization

of Data

Modeling and Simulations

Collaborative Work

Notetaking and Organizing Ideas

Structured Argument Analysis

Desktop Publishing and

Word Processing

Production of Graphics, Videos and

Online Briefings

Revision Tracking and Realtime Group

Review

NEW: Intelligent Network Enables Applications At All Points

OLD:

On-the-fly Analytic Tools Applied At All Points

Inter-Agency CollaborationDoD Directive 3000.cc Opens New Doors

JICC

J-2 J-3

J-1MP

J-5CA

J-4Eng

J-6IT

CGR2

INTELLIGENCE CLUSTER

SERVICE CLUSTER

COALITION CLUSTER

LAW ENFORCEMENT

CLUSTER

CIVIL CLUSTER

NGO CLUSTER

80% Unclassified Information

Bridge: ClearVillage: Friendly

Over Hill: E PltDefilade: OnStar

NNE 1509 3921 7502Alt 11,004

Everyone Has Information NeedsMany of those needs are common to more than one party.

We’re concerned about all information needs, not just “intelligence” requirements.

Regional Information Center

O SINTH U MINT

IM INTSIG INT

D ep uty fo r Co lle ctionAu stra lia

D igitizationTran slation

V isua liza tionAn alytic Su p po rt

D e pu ty for Pro ce ssingM a laysia

W a rn ingEstima tiveC ou n tries

Issu es

D e pu ty for An a lysisC hina

C hie f o f Ce nterS ing a po re

Deputy for CounterintelligenceJapan

Deputy for Covert ActionThailand

Ronald Kasrils, Minister for Intelligence

Services Republic of South Africa

To Montevideo To Singapore

Chief:South Africa

Deputy Chief:North Africa

Collection:East Africa

Processing:West Africa

Analysis:Central Africa

Counter-I:TBD

Covert Action:TBD

Suez Team:Egypt

Gibralter Team:Spain

[Positions rotate every 3 years]

Overlay & Virtually

Integrate:

African Early

Warning &

Open Source

Information Network

African Regional

Intelligence Center

Joint Analysis

Center Molesworth

Information PeacekeepingThrough Collective Intelligence