INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN THEPROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OFTHE MARINE AND COASTALRESOURCES OF MANILA BAY

Battle of Manila Bay (May 1, 1898) U.S. Naval Historical Center Photograph

Manila Bay is one of the 12 sites of the RegionalProgramme, “Building Partnerships in EnvironmentalManagement for the Seas of East Asia” or PEMSEA.

Outline of PowerPoint Presentation

I. INTRODUCTIONII SIGNIFICANCE OF MANILA BAY TO THE

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BII. SIGNIFICANCE OF MANILA BAY TO THE

COUNTRYIII. THREATS AND ISSUESIV. EFFORTS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT OF MANILA BAY:

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IMPLEMENTATION OF MANILA BAY ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

PROJECT

PROJECT COMPONENT OUTPUTS

Manila Bay is a semi-enclosed estuary facing the south china sea

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Significance to the country

Historical, Cultural and PoliticalSilent witness to many battlesManila Bay area is the seat of politicalE

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Manila Bay area is the seat of political power Social Home to 23M Filipinos or about 30% of the country’s population

Economic Contribution to Philippine Economy (55%)

Business and financial centersEconomic zones and technological parksPorts and harborsFisheries and aquacultureTourism Agricultural areas

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Threats and Issues

• Overexploitation of resources• Overpopulation

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• Habitat conversion and destruction

• Uncontrolled reclamation and coastal development

• Multiple-use conflicts

• Water pollution .Domestic sewage . Industrial effluent. Ship-based residuals. Toxic chemicals & Hazardous wastes• Multiple use conflicts

• Inadequate institutional and policy support mechanisms

• Over extraction of Groundwater

• Solid waste• Red tides

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Threats and Issues

• Overexploitation of resourcesE

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• Habitat conversion and destruction

• Uncontrolled reclamation and coastal development

• Multiple-use conflicts

• Inadequate institutional and policy support mechanisms

Manila Bay

Environmental

Partnerships in Environmental Management

for the Seas of East Asia

Management

Project (MBEMP)shared responsibility in addressing theshared responsibility in addressing thecomplex environmental risks andchallenges as this is beyond the capacityof any single government, agency,community, group or individual.

MBEMP’s Overall Objective

To develop innovativepartnerships to bring togetherpartnerships to bring togetherthe local government units,national agencies, the privatesector, the civil society,scientific and technicalcommunities, internationaland donor communities toplan develop and manageplan, develop and manageunder a common frameworkthe marine and coastalresources of Manila Bay andsurrounding watershed areas

A product of a series of consultations with stakeholders

1. Manila Bay Coastal Strategy (MBCS)

Project Component Outputs

stakeholdersEmbodies stakeholders’ visions (ManilaBay reflective of God’s glory is a clean, safe,wholesome and productive ecosystem, acenter of socio-economic development, anda natural heritage by genuine Filipino valuestowards a better quality of life for presentand future generations) and actionprograms for restoring the heritage of theprograms for restoring the heritage of theBayAdopted by various stakeholders of ManilaBay in an event called the Manila BayDeclaration in October 2001 with HerExcellency, Pres. Gloria Macapagal- Arroyoas witness to this public declaration ofcommitment for its implementation.

2.) Refined Risk Assessment2.) Refined Risk AssessmentRefined Risk Assessment is a process of estimating the livelihood of harm being done to human health and in ecosystem through factors a emanating from human activities

Bio-ecological assessment of resources established a clear evidence of declines for fisheries , shellfish and mangroves

Physico-chemical assessment should high level of total and fecal coliform, phospate, and heavy metals

served as a valuable reference in the development ofsucceeding plans (i.e. Operational Plan, IEMP,AdComP, Resource Valuation, EnvironmentalInvestment, Coastal Land and Sea-Use Plan, Oil SpillContingency Plan, IIMS and Manila Bay Atlas

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REFINED RISK ASSESSMENT (RRA) OF MANILA BAY

Retrospective Risk Assessment

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1. Mangroves

• Declined much in cover:

54,000 ha (1890)

2000 ha (1990)

794 ha (1995)

420 ha. (est) in 2005 (pilot IEMP)• Disappearance of “Nilad” species

where the name Maynilad, nowManila, got its name Fishpond in Hagonoy, Bulacan

(2005)

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REFINED RISK ASSESSMENT (RRA) OF MANILA BAY

Retrospective Risk Assessment

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2. Fisheries

Declined much in quantity and quality

Disappearance of window pane oyster

Parañaque (2005)

3. Integrated Environmental Monitoring Program (IEMP)

3. Integrated Environmental Monitoring Program (IEMP)

An inter-agency output that prescribes asystem of monitoring resources and priorityparameters for water quality

Aims to provide updated information on theprevailing condition of Manila Bay fordecision making

Pilot study conducted on bio-ecological andphysico -chemical parameter

D l d 5 I t t dDeveloped a 5- year IntegratedEnvironmental Monitoring action plan withspecific roles and responsibilities amongconcerned agencies.

Adopted thru MOU during the 6th PCCmeeting on November 13, 2006

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BioBio--Ecological Pilot IEMP Ecological Pilot IEMP

•• AvifaunaAvifauna•• MangrovesMangroves•• AvifaunaAvifauna•• MangrovesMangrovesE

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Orani

gg•• FisheriesFisheries

gg•• FisheriesFisheries

Fish Stock Assessment

Avifauna Monitoring

Mangrove Monitoring

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Avifauna Pilot IEMP Avifauna Pilot IEMP Avifauna Pilot IEMP Avifauna Pilot IEMP

TOTALAREA

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Orani

NCR (2) Region 3 (2) Region 4 CL & TM

Navotas Bataan Candaba, Pampanga

Bacoor, Cavite

No. of No. of IndividualsIndividuals

3,775 5,840 5,543 3836 145

No. of No. of familiesfamilies

25 10 15 23 11familiesfamiliesNo. of No. of SpeciesSpecies

60 25 35 47 19

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Mangrove Pilot IEMPMangrove Pilot IEMP

NCR Region 3 Region 4E

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OraniMangrove Area (ha)

32 364 24

No. of True Mangrove Species

9 11 15

Total No of 25 509 180 331 23 331Total No. of stands

25,509 180,331 23,331

Ave. no. of trees/ha

751 751 978

Pampanga Bay B U L A C A NMasukol

Samal

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Bathing BeachesBathing Beaches

BATHING BEACHES MONITORED

BATHING BEACHES MONITORED

OraniOraniOraniBATAAN

Abucay

BalangaPilarOrion

Limay

Lamao

Cabcaben

Manila

123

984

765

• Villa Leonora

• Brgy. Wawa

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NavotasLunetaBacoorLidoVillamarSan

Villa Criselda

Mattel

Villa Carmen

C A V I T E

Corrigidor

Mariveles

San Juan

Naic

Rosario

BacoorAlasasin San IsidroCelebrityGarden CoastCosta Eugenia

Villa Leonora

Brgy. Wawa

4. Integrated Information Management System / MBIN

A relational database developed with Geographic Information System (GIS) linkage

Handles a large data set on marine and coastal resources, (socio-economic and demographic features of Manila Bay )

Useful in the development and verification of predictive models for use in risk assessment and management

Accessible through the internet

Establishment of manila bay Information Network (S.O. No. 315 and 240 )

Development of Manila bay atlas

• Biological and bio-resources

fish, aquaculture, seaweed and seagrass resources, coral reef survey, benthos, plankton, wetlands and forestry

Integrated Information Management System (IIMS) and the Manila Bay Information Network (MBIN)

• Social and economic data

fisheries, aquaculture, agriculture, forest, mining, port, industries, tourism, commercial, institutional, utilities

• Demographic data

Population, income, health, education

• Institutional data

government, sectors, plansdata

• Pollution sources

water-based sources and land-based sources

• Monitoring coastal water and sediment quality, fish and seafood tissue, groundwater

• Physiographic oceanographic, hydrologic, geologic

Water quality

Natural hazards

Manila Bay AtlasManila Bay Atlas

Natural hazards

Habitats and resources

Potential sites for sanitary landfill

Land-use and coastal zoning

Sensitivity index for oil spills

5.5. IInitial nitial VValuation of aluation of SSelectedelectedUUses and ses and HHabitatsabitats

Valuation of a key coastalresources (e.g., mangroves,mudflats, coral reefs) and uses ofmudflats, coral reefs) and uses ofthe bay ( e.g., fisheries and aquaculture, tourism, ports andshipping,)= PhP 8.3 B (2005)

Valuation of damages toecosystems (e.g, loss ofmangroves, economy and humanhealth ) due to water pollution, redtide and salt water intrusion.= PhP 3.9 B (2005)

6.6. Oil Spill Contingency PlanOil Spill Contingency Plan

Developed to strengthen thecoordination of relevant agencies fora timely and effective response in theevent of oil spill.

Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) is thelead agency for its development

Adopted for implementation byd i th MOU i dconcerned agencies thru MOU signed

during the 6th PCC meeting inNovember 13, 2006 defining the rolesand the responsibilities ofparticipating agencies

7.7. Stakeholders ParticipationStakeholders Participation

Stakeholders participation iscarried out in the developmentof the ario s plans for Manilaof the various plans for ManilaBay and activities such as:

coastal clean up,environmental monitoring,habitat rehab (mangroves,wetlands for migratorybirds, etc.) andyouth fora in differentschools and universities

88. Coastal Land & Sea. Coastal Land & Sea--Use Zoning Use Zoning PlanPlan

Developed to demonstrate theapplication of coastal land and

Coastal Land and Sea-Use Zoning Plan

application of coastal land andsea–use zoning in resolvingmultiple resource-use conflict inthe coastal area

Provides a regulatory frameworkof permitting and delineation of

Province of Bataan2006

coastal activities according to thedesignated use of coastal space

Developed in the Province ofBataan as a pilot site.

9.9. EEnvironmental IInvestments

Public Private Partnerships (PPPS) approach was adopted in the development and implementation of investments program.

Feasibility studies were developed on Integrated Solid Waste Management in the Province of Bataan and in the City of San F d P )Fernando, Pampanga)

The change of administration, leadership, lack of willingness to implement a users fee system, however hampered the process.

10. O10. Operational perational PPlanlan for thefor the MBCSMBCS10. O10. Operational perational PPlanlan for thefor the MBCSMBCS

A product of multi-level consultationsendorsed by the Manila BayCoordinating Committee on May 10Coordinating Committee on May 10,2006 to NEDA for incorporation to theMedium-Term Phil. Dev. Plan (MTPDP)

Transformed the Manila Bay CoastalStrategy into action plans andprograms with measurable targets,timeframe budgetary requirementstimeframe, budgetary requirementsand responsible institutions in three(3) areas of concerned: 1.) waterpollution 2.) resources and habitatand 3.) partnerships and governance)

Specific Objectives Set for the 3 Areas of Concern

Water PollutionReduce by 50% the discharges of raw sewage, septage and untreated wastewater (from commercial, industrial, agricultural and fisheries/aquaculture) by 2015g q ) y

Establish integrated solid waste management in all LGUs by 2007

Develop and implement toxic and hazardous waste management system by 2008.

Stop sea dumping of sewage, industrial sludge, solid waste and contaminated dredged materials by 2006.g y

Stop discharges of operational waste (oily bilge and ballast water) from ships and the use of anti- fouling paints with TBTs and other harmful compound by 2006.

Activate a bay-wide, multi-sectoral oil spill prevention and response program by 2006

Develop, adopt and implement an Integrated Land and Sea-Use Zoning Plan for the Manila Bay area by 2012

Establish appropriate institutional arrangement to oversee, coordinate and guide the implementation of MBCS and Operational Plan by 2007

PARTNERSHIPS AND GOVERNANCE

Develop, set up and operationalize integrated coastal area and river basin management system covering 100% of the Manila Bay region by 2010

Create awareness, build capacity and mobilize at least 50% of the coastal communities to participate in activities related to the implementation of MBCS by 2010

Increase to at least 75% the number of LGUs within the Manila Bay Region implementing development of environmental investment programs through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) by 2010programs through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) by 2010

Reduce by 25% the illegal settlers, establishments and structures along coastlines, riverbanks and waterways by 2010 and prevent future reoccupation of these areas

Develop and implement a Natural Hazards Contingency, Preparedness and Quick-Response System for Manila Bay Region by 2008

Set up sustainable institutional arrangements and management programs in all Protected Areas and critical Habitats in the Manila Bay Region by 2012

I b 50 % th f t i th ti M il

HABITAT AND RESOURCES

Increase by 50 % the forest cover in the entire Manila Bay watershed are by 2015

Develop and implement restoration and maintenance program for important historical, cultural and geological sites within the Manila Bay region by 2010

Increase the productivity of fishery resources within the Manila Bay region by 2020y g y

Achieve sustainable, ecologically sound aquaculture and mariculture production by 2015

Increase coverage of water supply distributions by 5o% in areas with unsustainable groundwater extraction by 2015

PROJECT OUTCOMESOne of the important contribution of the project was laying downthe foundations to achieve sustainable development andmanagement of Manila Bay though the following:

1. Signing of the Manila Bay Declaration

The Manila Bay Declaration is a public declaration of commitment bystakeholders to work individually and collectively for the sustainabledevelopment and management of Manila Bay, signed in October2001 with her Excellency President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo aswitness.

2. Project Coordinating Committee (PCC) Resolution 06-01

This Resolution was signed on May 10, 2006 by members of the Project Coordinating Committee (PCC) chaired by DENR which approved the endorsement of the OPMBCS to NEDA for incorporation to the Philippine Medium Term

3. Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on the Implementation of the 5-year Integrated Environmental Monitoring Program

The MOU which defines the roles, specific areas of monitoring and theprotocol to be observed in the implementation of the 5-year IEMP. wassigned by the PCC members and other concerned agencies on 13November 2006 (Annex XI)

4. Memorandum of Understanding on the Implementation of Oil SpillContingency Plan

The MOU defines the roles and responsibilities of participating agencies fora timely and effective response to oil spills. This was signed on 13November 2006 (Annex XII)

5. PCC Resolution 06-02

This resolution transformed the Manila Bay Project CoordinatingCommittee, or PCC into the Manila Bay Coordinating Committee orMBCC to strengthen the coordinative roles in the management of ManilaBay, and more towards institutionalization and sustainability. (Annex XIII)

6. DENR Special Order No. 315 series of 2005 as amended bySpecial Order No. 2007-240 dated March 16, 2007 Creating themanila Bay Information Network .

These special orders were issued to strengthen support in themanagement of the Manila Bay Region through the application of anIntegrated Information Management System (IIMS) which providea timely data recording and updating of information for coastaland marine environment (Annex XIV)

7. Department Administrative Order (DAO) No. 2007-28

Institutionalizing the MBEMP within the DENR throughthe implementation of the OPMBCS.

– Established the MBRBCO within the DENR under thesupervision of the River Basin Control Office (RBCO)that will serve as the Secretariat to the MBCC

Thank you !Thank you…!By : Engr. Erlinda A. Gonzales

EMB-MBEMP

23 October 2007

Other Outcome and impacts of the Project

• Inter-agency, intergovernmental and inter-sectoralmechanism [Project Coordinating Committee,(PCC) SiteCoordinating Committees (SCC’s ) and Technical WorkingGroup (TWGs) ], in place, coming up with common vision,mission and strategy and collective decisions/actions;mission and strategy, and collective decisions/actions;

• Capacity of members of TWG was developed andharnessed on component project implementation, and inworking as a multi- disciplinary and inter-sectoral team;

• Formation of a core of scientific, technical andmanagement expertise within the Manila Bay Area

• Information and knowledge sharing was developed and enhanced ; resources were also shared, such as in the pilot Integrated Environmental Management Project and in the development of the Manila Bay Atlas

Other Outcome and impacts of the ProjectIEC, meetings, and consultation-workshop and on-the-ground activities resulted in increased awareness about the issues on Manila Bay;

Improved capacity in mobilizing and empowering theImproved capacity in mobilizing and empowering the stakeholders to action such as advocacy, coastal and river clean-up activities, mangrove rehabilitation and youth forum

Volunteerism among communities, schools and academe and private sectors developed;

Coastal and Sea-Use Zoning Plan adopted by Bataan PCC and Manila Bay PCC;Reduction of multi-use conflicts through the coastal use zoning plan (CUZP) in the province of Bataan;

Replication of coastal use zoning in Cavite and National Capital Region;

Other Outcome and impacts of the Project

•Priority Issues/Concerns identified in the Refined Risk Assessment became the basis for the environmental investment initiatives such as MTSP, Bamboocetum in Parañaque, Nipa Plantation in Minalen Pampanga, Seaweed farm in Ternate Cavite;

•IIMS managed by PMOs and SMOs and Networking in place

•IIMS being used as platform for database of DENR•IIMS being used as platform for database of DENR

•Use of the IIMS and Manilabay Atlas for Policy and Strategic Planning