Institutional Controls Primary Site Inspection Report · restrictions associated with OU-B1, only the requirement to maintain the unexploded ordnance (UXO) educational awareness program

Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command Engineering Field Activity, Northwest 19917 Seventh Avenue NE Poulsbo, WA 98370-7570

NAS Adak Adak, Alaska

Institutional Controls Primary Site Inspection Report Adak Island, Alaska

FINAL 10 February 2005

FINAL INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS

PRIMARY SITE INSPECTION REPORT

ADAK ISLAND, ALASKA CONTRACT NO. N44255-00-D-2538

DELIVERY ORDER NO. 0019

Prepared for:

Engineering Field Activity Northwest Naval Facilities Engineering Command

19917 7th Avenue NE Poulsbo, Washington 98370-7570

Prepared by:

Integrated Concepts and Research Corporation 11901 Business Boulevard, Suite 105

Eagle River, Alaska 99577

February 2005

Final Institutional Controls Primary Site Inspection Report Adak Island, Alaska February 2005

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Site History and Background ................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Purpose And Scope ................................................................................................ 1-2

2.0 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL SITE INSPECTIONS, DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA ................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1 Downtown Exchange Area Groundwater .............................................................. 2-1 2.2 Downtown Exchange Area CERCLA Sites (Except Landfills)............................. 2-1

2.2.1 SWMU 10, Old Baler Building ..................................................................... 2-2 2.2.2 SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area (CERCLA and SAERA) .............. 2-3 2.2.3 SWMU 15, Future Jobs/Defense Reutilization Marketing Office (CERCLA

and SAERA) .................................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.4 SWMU 16, Former Firefighting Training Area............................................. 2-6 2.2.5 SWMU 17, Power Plant No. 3 Area (CERCLA and SAERA)...................... 2-7 2.2.6 SWMU 55, Public Works Transportation Department Waste Storage Area. 2-8 2.2.7 SA 76, Old Line Shed Building..................................................................... 2-9

2.3 Downtown Exchange Water Bodies ...................................................................... 2-9 2.3.1 Sweeper Cove and Kuluk Bay..................................................................... 2-11

2.4 Downtown Exchange Area Landfills ................................................................... 2-12 2.4.1 SWMU 13, Metals Landfill (CERCLA)...................................................... 2-13 2.4.2 SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill (ADEC Solid Waste)..................................... 2-14

2.5 Downtown Exchange Area RCRA Closure Sites ................................................ 2-15 2.5.1 SWMU 24, Hazardous Waste Storage Facility ........................................... 2-16 2.5.2 SA 77, Fuels Facility Refueling Dock, Small Drum Storage Area ............. 2-17

2.6 Downtown Exchange Area Petroleum Sites ........................................................ 2-18 2.6.1 Monitored Natural Attenuation Petroleum Sites ......................................... 2-19 2.6.2 Free-Product Recovery Petroleum Sites ...................................................... 2-27 2.6.3 Adak Island Ordnance Safety Awareness–CERCLA.................................. 2-35

3.0 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL SITE INSPECTIONS, REMOTE AREA SITES ....................................................................................... 3-20

3.1 Remote Area CERCLA Sites (Except Landfills)................................................. 3-20 3.1.1 SWMU 20, White Alice/Trout Creek Disposal Area .................................. 3-20 3.1.2 SWMU 21A, White Alice Upper Quarry .................................................... 3-22 3.1.3 SWMU 23, Heart Lake Drum Disposal Area .............................................. 3-23 3.1.4 SWMUs 52, 53, and 59, Former Loran Station ........................................... 3-24 3.1.5 SWMU 67, White Alice PCB Spill Area..................................................... 3-25


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TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)

3.2 Remote Area Landfills ......................................................................................... 3-26 3.2.1 SWMU 2, Causeway Landfill........................................................................ 3-8 3.2.2 SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill ........................................................... 3-9 3.2.3 SWMU 11, Palisades Landfill ..................................................................... 3-10 3.2.4 SWMU 18, South Sector Drum Disposal Area and SWMU 19, Quarry Metal Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill) ............................................... 3-11 3.2.5 SWMU 29, Finger Bay Landfill .................................................................. 3-12

3.3 Remote Area Petroleum Sites .............................................................................. 3-33 3.3.1 Monitored Natural Attenuation Sites........................................................... 3-33 3.3.2 Free-Product Recovery Petroleum Sites ...................................................... 3-34

3.4 Adak Island Ordnance OU-B-2 Sites – CERCLA. .............................................. 3-38

4.0 GENERAL INSPECTIONS.................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Institutional Control Excavation Notification........................................................ 4-1

5.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................... 5-1

6.0 REFERENCES......................................................................................................... 6-1

FIGURES Figure 1-1 Institutional Control Sites, Adak Island, Alaska

TABLES Table 1-1 Summary of Adak Institutional Control Sites Table 5-1 Summary of Conditions at Adak Institutional Control Sites

APPENDICES Appendix A CD ROM containint the Site Inspection Checklists and Interview Forms Appendix B Response to ADEC and EPA Comments


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AAC Alaska Administrative Code ADEC Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation ANT antenna ANTILCA Alaska National Interests Lands Conservation Act ARC Adak Reuse Corporation AST aboveground storage tank avgas aviation gasoline bgs below ground surface BRAC Base Realignment and Closure Act CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act CMP Comprehensive Monitoring Plan COPC chemical of potential concern CSO Caretaker Site Office DOD U.S. Department of Defense DRMO Defense Reutilization Marketing Office DRO diesel-range organics EFA Engineering Field Activity EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FFA Federal Facility Agreement FOST Finding of Suitability for Transfer GCI General Communications Inc. GEM General Equipment Maintenance HWSF Hazardous Waste Storage Facility IC institutional control ICE Institutional Control Excavation ICMP Adak Island Institutional Control Management Plan ICR incremental cancer risks JP-5 jet petroleum #5 Loran long-range navigation MLLW mean lower low water µg/L micrograms per liter mg/kg milligrams per kilogram mogas motor vehicle gasoline NAS Naval Air Station Navy United States Navy NFRAP No Further Remedial Action Planned NMCB Naval Mobile Construction Battalion NORPAC North Pacific NSGA Naval Security Group Activity OU Operable Unit PCB polychlorinated biphenyls PCE Perchloroethylene RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ROD Record of Decision ROICC Resident Officer in Charge of Construction SDSA small drum storage area


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS (cont.)

SA source area SAERA State Adak Environmental Restoration Agreement SWMU Solid Waste Management Unit SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds TAC The Aleut Corporation URS URS USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service UST underground storage tank UXO unexploded ordnance


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The United States Navy (Navy) is the lead agency, and the responsible party, for ensuring the institutional controls (ICs) selected in the Operable Unit (OU) A Record of Decision (ROD) and the Adak OU-B-1 ROD at the former Naval Air Station (NAS), Adak, Alaska, remain protective of human health and the environment. The Navy is required to ensure ICs remain effective and reliable for as long as the ICs remain in effect. If any of the ICs are ineffective, or if significant failures pose harmful risks to the community and the environment, the Navy is responsible for additional remedial actions.

1.1 SITE HISTORY AND BACKGROUND

The former Adak Naval Complex is located off the Alaskan mainland near the center of the Aleutian chain, approximately 1,200 miles west-southwest of Anchorage, Alaska. Its geographic position is 176° 45’ W longitude and 51° 45’ N latitude. With an area of 280 square miles, it is the largest of the Andreanof group of the Aleutian Islands. Adak Island has been federal property since the United States acquired Alaska from Russia in 1867. Since 1913 it has been a federal wildlife refuge. In 1980, all of Adak Island was included within the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge established by Congress in the Alaska National Interests Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), and it remains part of that wildlife refuge. Since August 1942, the northern portion of Adak Island was used for military activities. Navy presence at Adak was officially recognized by Public Land Order 1949, dated August 19, 1959, which withdrew the northern portion of Adak Island, comprising approximately 76,800 acres, for use by the Navy for military purposes. As a result of the historical practices of the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) with regard to resource and waste management at military facilities on Adak Island, various hazardous substances and petroleum contaminated some areas on the island. A number of environmental restoration programs were initiated as early as 1986 to address these contamination issues.

In October 1995, the closure of the former base became law under the Base Realignment and Closure Act (BRAC). Since that time, accelerated environmental cleanup has been undertaken to facilitate a land exchange of a large portion of the Former Naval Complex between the U.S. Department of Interior and The Aleut Corporation (TAC). The land transfer agreement was finalized on March 17, 2004. The Adak Reuse Corporation (ARC), a not-for-profit corporation representing a range of interests in the region, became the local redevelopment authority under the BRAC process.

The Navy, U.S. Department of the Interior, TAC and the ARC signed a land exchange agreement, Agreement Concerning the Conveyance of Property at the Adak Naval Complex, in September 2000. Within that agreement, the Navy agreed to carry out all environmental remedial investigations and remedial actions required by the OU A and B RODs, and the Federal Facility Agreement (FFA) and State Adak Environmental Restoration Agreement (SAERA); and those required under applicable law including, but not limited to, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA).


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1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The purpose of this task order is to perform inspections at the Former Naval Complex Adak, Alaska, IC sites (see Table 1-1) in accordance with the OU-A ROD (Navy 2000), the OU-A ROD Amendment (Navy 2003), the OU-B-1 ROD (Navy 2001b) and the Adak Island Institutional Control Management Plan (ICMP) (Navy 2004). The inspections are intended to ensure that ICs and engineering controls remain effective in protecting human health and the environment. Long-term environmental monitoring requirements (groundwater monitoring, product recovery, etc.) at these sites are addressed in the Comprehensive Monitoring Plan (CMP) (Navy 2004).

ICs are measures intended to prevent or reduce exposure to hazardous substances. The purpose of ICs is to ensure compliance with the land use assumptions used in establishing cleanup levels for each of the sites. For Adak Island, the ICs have a layering effect to help achieve their effectiveness. For example, a given site may have a land use restriction limiting use to industrial purposes, as well as a requirement to use an excavation notification process if intrusive work is conducted at the site. The selected ICs include land use restrictions, fish advisories, excavation notification, and reporting on land use control maintenance. Land use restrictions will be implemented after property transfer in the form of an equitable servitude that will run with the land. There are no land use restrictions associated with OU-B1, only the requirement to maintain the unexploded ordnance (UXO) educational awareness program.

Engineering controls encompass a variety of engineered remedies to contain and/or reduce contamination, and/or physical barriers intended to limit access to property. Engineering controls as they relate to Adak Island include fences and signs, caps/barriers/soil covers, and treatment systems (including groundwater monitoring wells).

The Navy prepared the ICMP that identified the approach that Integrated Concepts and Research Corporation (ICRC) used to inspect the IC sites. The ICMP specifies site inspection procedures that provide a means to verify that the IC remedies selected in the ROD remain protective of human health and the environment over time. The inspections will be used to establish and record physical modifications to each of the IC sites, and will provide a basis for recommendations for future inspection frequency. During the period September 23 to 26, 2004, the IC sites were inspected. ICRC personnel conducted on-the-ground examinations of the IC sites and surrounding areas.

As outlined in the ICMP, the following activities were conducted during the inspections:

• Inspection of Downtown Exchange Area sites listed in Table 1-1.

• Inspection of Remote Area sites listed in Table 1-1.

• Inspection of a transect in the Downtown Area for evidence of domestic well use or installation.


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• Review of IC excavation notifications on file, which were processed between October 2003 and September 2004.

• Interview with on-island personnel regarding the recently revised UXO educational awareness program.

The inspections began with reconnaissance of the Downtown Exchange Area, then the Remote Area. The procedure for inspections at all sites was essentially the same. Each site was inspected by vehicle and/or on foot, depending on the size of the site. The inspections were visual in nature. Photographs and notes were taken. Both institutional and engineering controls were inspected at each site where applicable (see Table 1-1). For ICs, the current land use was noted, including whether there was evidence of residential construction or other uses. It was also noted whether there was any evidence of soil excavations or groundwater use. For engineering controls, the condition of soil covers was noted at landfill sites, including evidence of erosion or other integrity issues. Where applicable, the condition of existing fences and signs were also noted.

On September 24, 2004, a transect was driven in the Downtown Exchange Area to inspect for possible groundwater well installation or drilling activities not associated with remediation. Groundwater use in the Downtown Exchange Area is restricted.

The processing of IC excavation notifications was evaluated for the period October 2003 to September 2004. The purpose of this evaluation was to ensure that the notification program is occurring as outlined in the ICMP. The evaluation was also to ensure the proposed projects were consistent with the land use assumptions in the applicable RODs.

Informal interviews were conducted regarding the UXO educational program and potential improvements. Interviews were conducted with residents, ARC personnel, City of Adak personnel, and visitors to Adak. These interviews were intended to ensure that the UXO educational program was functioning in accordance with the ICMP and applicable RODs.

The sites at Adak Island that require ICs site inspection and reporting are listed in Table 1-1 and shown on Figure 1-1. All site inspection forms and interview forms are included as an attachment on CDROM.


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Table 1-1 Summary of Adak Institutional Control Sites

Site Name

Lan

d U

se

Res

tric

tions

a

Equ

itabl

e Se

rvitu

deb

Gro

undw

ater

R

estr

ictio

nsc

Soil

Exc

avat

ion

Res

tric

tions

d

Insp

ectio

ns a

nd

Rep

ortin

ge

Edu

catio

ng

Soil

Cov

er In

spec

tions

h

Groundwater (Downtown Exchange Area) Groundwater* Yes Yes CERCLA Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 10, Old Baler Building a1* Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 15, Future Jobs/DRMO* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 16, Former Firefighting Training Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 17, Power Plant 3 Area* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 55, Public Works Transportation Department Waste Storage Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes

SA 76, Old Line Shed Building a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Fishing Advisory Areas (Downtown Exchange Area) Sweeper Covef Yes Kuluk Bayf Yes Landfill Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 13, Metals Landfill** a2 Yes Yes d2 Yes Yes SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill a2 Yes Yes d2 Yes Yes RCRA Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 24, Hazardous Waste Storage Facility a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SA 77, Small Drum Storage Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Petroleum Monitored Natural Attenuation Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) Amulet Housing, Well AMW-706 Area a3 Yes Yes d1 Yes Amulet Housing, Well AMW-709 Area a3 Yes Yes d1 Yes Former Power Plant, Building T-1451 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes ROICC Contractor’s Area (UST ROICC 8) a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Runway 5-23 Avgas Valve Pit a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 15, Future Jobs/DRMO* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 60, Tank Farm A a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 61, Tank Farm B a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Housing Area (Arctic Acres) a3 Yes Yes d1 Yes Petroleum Free-Product Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) GCI Compound, UST GCI-1 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes NMCB Building Area, T-1416 Expanded Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes

NORPAC Hill Seep Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SA 80, Steam Plant 4, USTs 27089 and 27090 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 17, Power Plant 3 Area* a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SWMU 62, New Housing Fuel Leak a3 Yes Yes d1 Yes


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Table 1-1 (Continued) Summary of Adak Institutional Control Sites

Site Name

Lan

d U

se

Res

tric

tions

a

Equ

itabl

e Se

rvitu

deb

Gro

undw

ater

R

estr

ictio

nsc

Soil

Exc

avat

ion

Res

tric

tions

d

Insp

ectio

ns a

nd

Rep

ortin

ge

Edu

catio

ng

Soil

Cov

er In

spec

tions

h

Petroleum Free-Product Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) South of Runway 18-36 Area a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Tanker Shed, UST 42494 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes Yakutat Hangar, UST T-2039-A a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes CERCLA Sites (Remote Area) SWMU 20, White Alice/Trout Creek Disposal Area a1 Yes d1 Yes

SWMU 21A, White Alice Upper Quarry a1 Yes d2 Yes Yes SWMU 23, Heart Lake Drum Disposal Area a1 Yes d1 Yes SWMUs 52, 53, 59, Former Loran Station a2 Yes d1 Yes SWMU 67, White Alice PCB Spill Site a1 Yes d2 Yes Yes Landfill Sites (Remote Area) SWMU 2, Causeway Landfill** a2 Yes d2 Yes Yes SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill** a2 Yes d2 Yes Yes SWMU 11, Palisades Landfill** a2 Yes d2 Yes Yes SWMU 18, South Sector Drum Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill) and SWMU 19, Quarry Metal Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill)**

a2 Yes d2 Yes Yes

SWMU 29, Finger Bay Landfill** a2 Yes d2 Yes Yes Petroleum – Monitored Natural Attenuation Sites (Remote Area) Antenna Field, USTs ANT-1, ANT-2, ANT-3, and ANT-4 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes

Petroleum Free-Product Sites (Remote Area) SA 73/SWMU 58, Heating Plant 6 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SA 78, Old Transportation Building USTs a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SA 82, P-80/P-81 Buildings a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes SA 88, P-70 Energy Generator, UST 10578 a1 Yes Yes d1 Yes

CERCLA Ordnance Sites OU B-2 Ordnance Areas Yes OU B-1 Ordnance Areas Yes


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Table 1-1 (Continued) Summary of Adak Institutional Control Sites

NOTES: *CERCLA and Petroleum Institutional Controls Apply **CERCLA Landfill Closures Land Use Controls a Land Use Restrictions are required to ensure that the land will never be used in a way inconsistent with the land

use assumptions set forth in the Adak Island RODs. a1: Commercial and Industrial a2: Outdoor Recreational a3: Residential b Equitable servitude is required for these sites at the time of transfer of the property, and for transfer to any future

landowners. The final equitable servitude language is included in the Finding of Suitability to Transfer. c The Downtown groundwater is restricted from domestic use. d Excavation notification is required at all sites. Excavation is prohibited at the landfills and sites with a soil cover. d1: Excavation notification is required. d2: Excavation absolutely prohibited. e Inspection and reporting of institutional controls annually, or as necessary as appropriate. Assess the need to take

additional action or to reduce controls, as appropriate. f Fish advisory to recommend limiting subsistence consumption of bottom fish and mussels The fish advisory is

implemented by the distribution of fact sheets to Adak residents. g Education Program (required for shellfish/fishery advisory and for ordnance hazards). h Annually inspect soil covers to ensure they remain intact.

Acronyms: avgas - aviation gasoline DRMO - Defense Reutilization Marketing Office PCB - Polychlorinated Biphenyl ROICC - resident officer in charge of construction SA - source area SWMU - solid waste management unit UST - underground storage tank


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Intentionally blank


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2.0 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL SITE INSPECTIONS, DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA

The Downtown area comprises the populated area of Adak Island and it includes the airport, the docks, and all support facilities. Within this area the land uses include residential, commercial, industrial, and recreational.

2.1 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA GROUNDWATER

The land transfer agreement was finalized on March 17, 2004. The Equitable Servitude included in the land transfer documentation is the prohibition of domestic groundwater use and the digging of wells for domestic groundwater use for the Downtown Exchange Area. The prohibition of groundwater use and well drilling for domestic use runs with the land, and therefore applies to the current landowner and all subsequent landowners.

Drinking water is currently, and has always been, supplied from a surface water source. Domestic groundwater use restrictions prevent potential residential exposure to impacted groundwater, and it precludes impacts to groundwater remediation efforts in the area. The chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) related to the Downtown Exchange Area groundwater are primarily petroleum compounds. To prevent possible exposure to groundwater, well drilling for domestic use is prohibited in the Downtown Exchange Area. A transect inspection of the Downtown Exchange Area was conducted on September 24, 2004, in accordance with the ICMP. During the inspections, there were no indications of domestic potable wells being used or drilling activities taking place.

2.2 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA CERCLA SITES (EXCEPT LANDFILLS)

The primary purpose of the ICs for the CERCLA sites in the Downtown Exchange Area is to ensure compliance with land use assumptions used in establishing cleanup levels to help ensure there are no adverse effects to human health due to exposure to residual chemicals. The anticipated future use was an important consideration in determining the level of protectiveness required at the sites. For example, the CERCLA sites in the Downtown Exchange Area are found in industrial areas, and the anticipated land use was expected to remain the same based on the information available when the remedies were selected in the OU-A ROD. The residual chemicals that remain at some Downtown sites are safe for workers and recreational activities, but they may not be safe for full-time residents living on the property. These were determined as incremental cancer risks (ICRs) and are discussed for each site in the context of the chemical or chemicals that pose the potential ICR.

ICRs calculate the potential for an additional cancer diagnosis associated with chemicals that are present at a site under various land use scenarios and exposure durations. The incremental risk is an estimate of what risk might be attributable to a certain chemical, beyond the current United States cancer rate of one in four adults contracting some form of cancer, averaged over a lifetime. At the one in four national rate, 25,000 people in a population of 100,000 would be expected to be diagnosed with some form of cancer


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during their lifetime. An estimated ICR of 1x10E-5 for this same population would result in 25,001 cancer diagnoses over their lifetime (i.e., one additional diagnosis per 100,000). For many of these sites, the ICR exceeds the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) requirement that cumulative risks do not exceed 1x10E-5 for residential use.

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required for the Downtown Exchange Area CERCLA sites documented below:

• Land Use Restrictions – For the sites listed in this subsection, residential construction is prohibited. Commercial and industrial land uses are allowed.

• Equitable Servitude – The provisions of the Equitable Servitude have been incorporated in the Interim Conveyance transferring the property to TAC.

• Groundwater Use Restrictions – The Downtown Area groundwater is restricted from domestic use.

• Soil Excavation Notifications – Excavation notifications for the sites discussed below are required for excavations below two feet. The notifications, discussed later, are evaluated to determine whether or not the proposed excavation is consistent with the land use restrictions.

2.2.1 SWMU 10, Old Baler Building

SWMU 10, Old Baler Building – looking north


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The ICs at SWMU 10 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site did not appear to be in use. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

No engineering controls have been implemented at SWMU 10.

2.2.2 SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area (CERCLA and SAERA)

SWMU 14, the Old Pesticide Disposal Area, consists of a vacant property located to the southwest of the Public Works building in the downtown area. The site includes the foundation of former Building 1471 and an abandoned drain field reportedly used to disperse pesticide rinse water. Building 1471 was used from 1950 to 1987 for handling a variety of pesticides. The site is bordered to the north by the Public Works building parking area and Raven Street, to the south by Public Works Road, to the west by an unnamed dirt road, and to the east by the Public Works building and its unnamed paved access road. Except for the concrete building foundation (slab) the site consists of a featureless, flat, unpaved soil area covered with gravel.

SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area - looking north


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COPCs were identified in the OU-A ROD for exceedances of ADEC 18 Alaska Administrative Code (AAC) 75 soil petroleum cleanup levels, for samples collected from depths of 15 feet or less. In addition, benzo(a)pyrene was detected at a maximum concentration of 12 mg/kg that is estimated at an ICR of 1x10E-5 under a residential use, and is above the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 0.9 mg/kg. In groundwater, perchloroethylene (PCE) was detected at a maximum concentration of 52 micrograms per liter (µg/L), which is estimated at an ICR of 1x10E-5 under a residential use, and is above the drinking water standard of 5 µg/L.

SWMU 14 was also evaluated under SAERA because it contains petroleum contamination. The site was screened by the ADEC matrix cleanup levels and the ADEC supplemental criteria and was retained for evaluation in the focused feasibility study because the maximum concentration of diesel-range organics (DRO) in surface soils exceeded the supplemental criterion of 5,000 mg/kg for industrial sites. Toluene was detected at 4,300 µg/L, which exceeds the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contaminant level of 1,000 µg/L.

The ICs at SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site did not appear to be in use. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

In addition to ICs, the site is currently being monitored as part of the CMP.

2.2.3 SWMU 15, Future Jobs/Defense Reutilization Marketing Office (CERCLA and SAERA)

SWMU 15 was previously used to store construction materials, paint, solvents, transformers, petroleum and lubricant compounds, and other materials. The site, located between two warehouses near the dock facilities on Sweeper Cove, is rectangular, flat, and fenced and is comprised of compact gravel with concrete and asphalt paved areas. The site is presently vacant.

Chemicals of potential concern were determined based on exceedances of ADEC 18 AAC 75 soil cleanup levels for petroleum, for samples collected from depths of 15 feet or less. In addition, under a residential use scenario the following COPCs and ICRs were identified in the OU-A ROD: PCE in groundwater at a maximum concentration of 410 µg/L, which exceeds the drinking water standard of 5 µg/L and results in an estimated ICR of 3x10E-5; Aroclor 1260 in soils at a maximum concentration of 40 mg/kg, which


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exceeds the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 1 mg/kg and results in an estimated residential ICR of 2x10E-5; and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in soils at a maximum concentration of 0.00013 mg/kg, which results in an estimated residential ICR of 1x10E-5.

SWMU 15, Future Jobs/Defense Reutilization Marketing Office – looking southwest

SWMU 15 was also evaluated under SAERA because it contains petroleum contamination. The site was screened by the ADEC matrix cleanup levels and the ADEC supplemental criteria and was retained for evaluation in the focused feasibility study because the distance from the nearest petroleum-affected sampling location to Sweeper Cove is less than 200 feet. A ditch sample at this location (150 feet from the cove) contained a DRO concentration of 390 mg/kg.

The ICs at SWMU 15 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site was being used for commercial purposes, which is appropriate under the ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that the groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater. In addition to ICs, the site is currently being monitored as part of the CMP.


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2.2.4 SWMU 16, Former Firefighting Training Area

SWMU 16 was used for firefighter training from 1970 to 1989. It was included in the CERCLA investigations because petroleum, waste oil, and solvents were ignited on site during training exercises. It is generally flat, with elevations ranging from 5 to 12 feet above mean lower low water (MLLW). The site was cleared of training materials in 1992. It encompasses an abandoned hardstand adjacent to former Taxiway E, near the west end of Runway 5-23 and comprises an area of about four acres

SWMU 16, Former Firefighting Training Area – looking northeast

Analytical results of sediment, surface and subsurface soil, and groundwater were used to assess human health and ecological risk in the preliminary source evaluation report for the site. The risk driver was Aroclor 1260. In 1997 the Navy conducted an interim removal of soil near the concrete apron, which contained polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in excess of 1 mg/kg. Another risk evaluation that was based on post-removal conditions (Navy 1997) indicates that the human health cancer risk is 4x10E-5 because of Aroclor 1260 in groundwater based on a residential scenario. It was detected in one of 38 groundwater samples at a concentration of 0.8 µg/L, which results in an estimated residential ICR of 4x10E-5. It has not been detected in groundwater since 1990.

The ICs at SWMU 16 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site did not appear to be in use. No


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residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


2.2.5 SWMU 17, Power Plant No. 3 Area (CERCLA and SAERA)

Power Plant No. 3 began operating in 1950. Five aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) stored oil supplies for the plant. Free product was first identified in two monitoring wells at the plant in September 1994. Seeps and stained soil were observed in 1995 on the northeast site of the site. Later, petroleum contaminated soil was noted in ditches along the road in the same area. The most likely source of free product was from a 1994 release of 500 gallons of jet petroleum #5 (JP-5) from a cracked storage tank valve. Other possible sources were overfilling of the storage tanks and leaking pipes. Contaminated soils and sediments were excavated and replaced with clean fill materials in 2002. In addition, oily waste and discharges associated with the power plant have been eliminated.

SWMU 17, Power Plant No. 3 Area – looking southeast

The following COPCs were identified: Aroclor 1254 in groundwater at a maximum concentration of 0.97 µg/L, which results in a residential ICR of 2x10E-5; beryllium in groundwater at a maximum concentration of 10 µg/L, which results in a residential ICR of 5x10E-5; Aroclor 1260 in soils at a maximum concentration of 1.4 mg/kg, which results in a residential ICR of 4x10E-5 and exceeds ADEC residential soil cleanup level of


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1.0; beryllium in soils at a maximum concentration of 10.8 mg/kg, which results in a residential ICR of 3x10E-5 and exceeds the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 1.6 mg/kg.

As part of the SAERA investigation for the site, the petroleum issues were addressed. Free product was detected in 7 of 18 wells. The maximum DRO concentration in surface soil was 220,000 mg/kg and the maximum DRO concentration in subsurface soil was 71,000 mg/kg. These concentrations exceed the soil cleanup level of 8,250 mg/kg (18 AAC 75.341). Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in groundwater from one location and xylene in surface water from one location exceeded their respective screening criteria.

The ICs at SWMU 17 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


2.2.6 SWMU 55, Public Works Transportation Department Waste Storage Area

SWMU 55, Public Works Transportation Department Waste Storage Area – looking south


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The ICs at SWMU 55 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently being used for commercial purposes, which are permitted under the ICMP. No residential construction has occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


2.2.7 SA 76, Old Line Shed Building

The Old Line Shed Building site, approximately 1.34 acres, is a rectangular open area with a concrete foundation pad surrounded by gravel. At the time of the investigation, the site was used to stockpile gravel. Historically, the site was used for office space, line crew living quarters, and storage space for a variety of materials. The structure was removed after it was damaged in a 1982 storm and rendered uninhabitable.

SA 76, Old Line Shed Building – looking north

Arsenic and indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene were identified as COPCs in the OU-A ROD. The maximum detected concentration for arsenic was 98.5 mg/kg with an estimated residential ICR of 5x10E-5, which exceeds the ADEC soil cleanup level of 1.8 mg/kg.


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The maximum detected concentration for indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene was 1.1 mg/kg with an estimated residential ICR of 3x10E-5.

The ICs at SA 76, Old Line Shed Building are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were four dumpsters onsite with varying amounts of household refuse. The City of Adak is currently using this site as a solid waste transfer station. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

In addition to ICs, the site is currently being monitored as part of the CMP. The Navy will monitor the use of the site as a solid waste transfer station during future IC inspections or more frequently if warranted.

2.3 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE WATER BODIES

Kuluk Bay and Sweeper Cove were evaluated separately due to different upland sites that may drain into them. The original OU-A ROD (2000) recommended subsistence fish advisory signs be placed in the two embayments due to the presence of Aroclor 1254 (Kuluk Bay) and Aroclor 1260 (Sweeper Cove) detected in Rock Sole and Blue Mussels at levels that resulted in an estimated ICR of 5x10E-5 (Kuluk Bay Rock Sole), 5x10E-4 (Sweeper Cove Rock Sole) and 1x10E-5 (Sweeper Cove Blue Mussel) for subsistence harvesting. Recreational fisher consumption ICRs were estimated at 1x10E-5 for Sweeper Cove and 5x10E-7 for Kuluk Bay.

In September 2003, the OU A ROD was amended, with regulatory concurrence and stakeholder review, to remove petroleum sites from the original OU A ROD and to replace fish advisory signs with written fact sheets. These resident-targeted fact sheets were developed with regulatory and stakeholder involvement. The final fact sheet was distributed to Adak residents and Adak RAB members, as well as posted on the adakupdate.com website in October 2003. The fact sheet can be reviewed at:

http://www.adakupdate.com/pdfs/news/AdakFishFactSheet.pdf

The following institutional control (see Table 1-1) is required for the Downtown Exchange Area Water Bodies:

• Written fish advisory fact sheet – Limiting subsistence consumption of Rock Sole and Blue Mussels is recommended.

In 2004, the Blue Mussel fishing advisory for Kuluk Bay was removed, in response to the results from Blue Mussel tissue samplng in Kuluk Bay from 1999 through 2003 (Navy


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2004c). Sampling from 1999 through 2003 was conducted at various locations as part of the five-year remedy review, and the following recommendations were made:

• Continue tissue sampling on a biennial basis through 2009 for Rock Sole and Blue Mussel in Sweeper Cove and Kuluk Bay;

• Continue with the fish advisory for Rock Sole and Blue Mussel in Sweeper Cove and Rock Sole in Kuluk Bay;

• No additional sampling at the Bay of Islands, because there are adequate data to establish background total PCB concentrations from the reference area.

2.3.1 Sweeper Cove and Kuluk Bay

The single institutional control implemented for Sweeper Cove and Kuluk Bay was the distribution, in October 2003, of a resident-targeted fish advisory fact sheet. Additionally, in 2004, the Blue Mussel tissue sampling in Kuluk Bay from 1999 through 2003 (Navy 2004c).

Sweeper Cove – looking east


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Kuluk Bay – looking southeast

2.4 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA LANDFILLS

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required at the landfill sites:

• Land Use Restrictions – The landfills may be used for recreational use or any other activity that does not adversely impact the integrity of the landfill covers, containment, or monitoring systems.



• Soil Excavation Prohibition – Landfill excavation is prohibited to protect from direct exposure to landfill contaminants and to protect the landfill cap. Excavation for the purpose of digging a domestic groundwater use well is also prohibited.

The following engineering control- related activities are required for landfill sites:

• Soil Cover Inspections – Soil covers are in place at the landfills. The soil covers were inspected to ensure that they remain intact and effective.


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2.4.1 SWMU 13, Metals Landfill (CERCLA)

Metals Landfill, SWMU 13, is located immediately southeast of downtown Adak and is bordered by Monument Hill to the west and Kuluk Bay to the east. The total site area is approximately 28 acres; approximately 19 acres were used as a landfill.

The ICs at SWMU 13 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and an excavation prohibition (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site did not appear to be in use. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater is being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

SWMU 13, Metals Landfill – looking north

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMU 13 include a landfill cap (soil cover) and signs. At the time of inspection, the cap appeared to be intact and undisturbed. Signs were present and a cable gate prohibited vehicle access. The engineering controls appear to be functioning as intended to protect human and ecological receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


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2.4.2 SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill (ADEC Solid Waste)

Roberts Landfill, SWMU 25, is located on a hilltop west of downtown. The landfill has operated since the 1980s and is being closed in accordance with Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) solid waste regulations (18 AAC 60). Closure activities, which began in April 1997, included placing a low-permeability soil cover over the landfill, grading and contouring, implementing access restrictions, installing surface water/erosion controls, placing a vegetative cover, securing adjacent bunkers filled with asbestos materials, maintaining the cover, periodic monitoring, and ICs for land use restrictions. A portion of Roberts Landfill was reopened and used for demolition debris disposal in 2002 and closed thereafter.

The ICs at SWMU 25 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and an excavation prohibition (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site did not appear to be in use. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater is being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill: non-vegetated cover – looking northwest

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMU 25 include a landfill cap (soil cover) and signs. At the time of inspection, the cap appeared to be intact and undisturbed. New vegetation was planted in 2002 on the cell that was closed in 2002, and very little new vegetation was observed over the cell during the September 2004 inspection.


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The Navy is in the process of procuring a contractor to have these areas re-graded and re-vegetated. The work will include preparing the surface material by tilling and adding in soil amendments (pH adjuster, fertilizer and soil conditioner) as necessary; some minor grading; installing seed by either broadcast or hydroseeding; rolling the seeded area; watering as necessary to start the germination process; and installing erosion and sediment controls. The seed selected will conform to that recommended by the Alaska Plant Materials Center. A closure report will be prepared following completion of construction activities.

Along the western perimeter of the landfill, two sections of fencing (each about 30 yards long), are damaged (see photo below). The damage consists of either broken strands of barbed wire fencing or broken posts. These sections of fencing were repaired last year and the damage observed in 2004 is probably due to snow buildup along the fence.

SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill: broken fencing along west side of landfill – looking northwest

2.5 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA RCRA CLOSURE SITES

SWMU 24 and SA 77 are two sites in the Downtown Exchange Area that were closed under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The ICs at the RCRA closure sites include:

• Land Use Restrictions – For the sites listed in this subsection, residential construction is prohibited. Commercial and industrial land uses are allowed.


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2.5.1 SWMU 24, Hazardous Waste Storage Facility

The Hazardous Waste Storage Facility (HWSF) was located south of the Public Works Road and east of Building T-1443. This site is presently used as a storage area for vehicles and vehicle parts.

SWMU 24, Hazardous Waste Storage Facility – looking west

The ICs at SWMU 24 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently being used for a commercial purpose, which is allowed under the ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications were filed for this site over the past year.


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Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


2.5.2 SA 77, Fuels Facility Refueling Dock, Small Drum Storage Area

The Small Drum Storage Area (SDSA) was not operated as a permitted RCRA interim-status container storage facility; however, the SDSA was included in the RCRA closure process because of observations made by EPA representatives in 1989. Four drums assumed to contain hazardous waste were found at the time. The Navy agreed to the EPA’s RCRA designation, and the SDSA was investigated in July 1993 to determine if past activities related to drum storage had left residual contamination that would pose a future risk to Adak residents or that exceeded relevant regulations.

The site was closed under RCRA in 1995 because the data collected during the RCRA closure showed that RCRA-regulated hazardous wastes were not present at the SDSA at concentrations warranting corrective action. It is currently utilized as a parking apron for fuel trucks.

SA 77, Fuels Facility Refueling Dock, Small Drum Disposal Area – looking north

The ICs at SA 77 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to


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a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently being used for a commercial purpose, which is allowed under the ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications were filed for this site over the past year. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

No engineering controls have been implemented at SA 77.

2.6 DOWNTOWN EXCHANGE AREA PETROLEUM SITES

Five remedial alternatives were selected for the petroleum sites administered under SAERA on Adak. They are free-product recovery, monitored natural attenuation, limited soil removal, limited groundwater monitoring, and ICs. In addition, one site [Naval Mobile Construction Battalion (NMCB) Building Area, Underground Storage Tank (UST) T-1416-A] will be cleaned up as part of a larger remedial effort at a free-product site.

ICs are applied to limit land use activities at the individual sites and to ensure the integrity of the free-product recovery and monitoring systems. These controls include restrictions on groundwater use and soil excavations. They are designed to reduce the potential for direct exposure in the short term, until petroleum concentrations are reduced below cleanup levels. The listed Downtown Exchange Area petroleum sites are presently undergoing studies and cleanups.

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required for the Downtown Exchange Area petroleum sites documented below:

• Land Use Restrictions – Residential, commercial, and industrial land uses are allowed. Residential housing is allowed where existing housing exists, such as Amulet Housing, Arctic Acres Housing and SWMU 62 (Sandy Cove / Eagle Bay Housing area). Future residential housing construction will be evaluated for impacts on ongoing petroleum cleanup activities.



• Soil Excavation Notifications – Excavation notifications for the sites are required for excavations below two feet. The notifications, discussed later, are evaluated to determine whether or not the proposed excavation is consistent with the land use restrictions.


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2.6.1 Monitored Natural Attenuation Petroleum Sites

Monitored natural attenuation was selected as the remedy in the OU-A ROD for the following sites. Natural processes are currently cleaning them up. The ICs help prevent exposure to potentially harmful chemicals while the cleanup continues. The following two sites are classified as Monitored Natural Attenuation Petroleum Sites: SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area and SWMU 15, Future Jobs/DRMO. These sites are also classified as Downtown Exchange Area Sites, and are discussed in detail in Sections 2.2.2 and 2.2.3 above.

Amulet Housing, Well AMW-706 Area

The Amulet Housing Well AMW-706 Area is located along the eastern edge of Amulet Housing, on the east side of Travis Way, and west of Runway 18-36. The site is approximately 0.5 miles north of Sweeper Cove. Well AMW-706 was installed during the remedial investigation at Tank Farm A and was part of a group of regional wells used to determine groundwater quality and flow characteristics outside of the Tank Farm A source areas. The IC portion of this site consists of approximately 0.09 acres.

Amulet Housing, Well AMW-706 Area – looking east

The ICs at Amulet Housing Well AMW-706 Area are the restriction of land use to residential activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the


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inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No new residential construction had occurred at the IC restricted area. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications were filed during the past year. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

Monitoring has been in progress at this site; endpoint criteria has been met; and the site has been proposed for no further remedial action planned (NFRAP) status.

Amulet Housing, Well AMW -709 Area

The Amulet Housing Well AMW-709 Area is located along the southeastern edge of Amulet Housing, on the east side of Travis Way, and west of Runway 18-36. The site is approximately 0.5 miles north of Sweeper Cove. The IC portion of the site is approximately 0.12 acres.

Amulet Housing, Well AMW-709 Area – looking east

The ICs at Amulet Housing, Well AMW-709 Area are the restriction of land use to residential activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No new residential construction had occurred


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at the IC restricted area. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

Monitoring has been in progress at this site; endpoint criteria has been met; and the site has been proposed for NFRAP status.

Former Power Plant Building T-1451

The Former Power Plant Building T-1451 site is located at the southeast corner of Public Works Road and Main Road in the southwest portion of downtown Adak, approximately 1,000 feet north of Sweeper Cove. When constructed in 1944, the facility included the power plant building and three-diesel fuel ASTs. The ASTs were supplied from the Clam Lagoon Pipeline via a service pipeline 2 inches in diameter and 85 feet long.

More recently the site has been referred to as Power House No. 4 or Power Plant No. 4. The main power plant building originally measured 62 by 79 feet. Sometime after 1986, the power plant building was expanded and converted to other uses. A new 2,000-gallon JP-5 AST with an impoundment dike was constructed 30 feet southwest of the building. The remodeled building is now referred to as the main General Equipment Maintenance (GEM) building (Building T-1451) and has a smaller metal building attached to the east. The site is approximately 0.62 acre.

Former Power Plant Building T-1451 – looking south


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The ICs at Former Power Plant Building T-1451 site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently being used for commercial/industrial purposes, which is allowed under the ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


ROICC Contractor’s Area, UST ROICC-8

The Resident Officer in Charge of Construction (ROICC) Contractor's Area, UST ROICC-8 site is located north of the runways and downtown Adak in an unpopulated area, approximately 0.5 mile west of Kuluk Bay. The ROICC 8 structure is located on the western edge of the ROICC Contractor’s Area, UST ROICC-8 site. The site had one 1,300-gallon UST (UST ROICC-8), which was removed in 1995. The history and usage of the UST are not documented, but the tank is believed to have been used to collect and store diesel-range and heavier petroleum product. The ROICC Contractor’s Area, UST ROICC-8 site is approximately 3.68 acres.

ROICC Contractor’s Area, UST ROICC-8 – looking north


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The ICs at ROICC Contractor’s Area, UST ROICC-8 site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

Monitoring has been in progress at this site; endpoint criteria has been met; and the site has been proposed for NFRAP status.

Runway 5-23 AVGAS Valve Pit

The Runway 5-23 AVGAS Valve Pit is associated with an abandoned 6-inch-diameter aviation gasoline (avgas) transfer pipeline that supplied fuel to the Runway 5-23 truck fill stand. It is approximately 800 feet south of the southern end of Runway 5-23 and 50 feet west of a former truck fill stand. The pipeline has been closed, and the site is not currently used. This site is approximately 0.42 acre.

Runway 5-23, AVGAS Valve Pit – looking northwest


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The ICs at Runway 5-23 AVGAS Valve Pit site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SWMU 60, Tank Farm A

Tank Farm A, designated SWMU 60, is a former bulk fuel-storage facility located in the upland area west of Runway 18-36. The site is approximately 200 feet south of the Yakutat Creek and approximately 900 feet west of South Sweeper Creek.

SWMU 60, Tank Farm A - looking south

The ICs at SWMU 60 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in


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September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SWMU 61, Tank Farm B

Tank Farm B, designated SWMU 61, is located next to and north of Runway 5-23. Tank Farm B is surrounded on three sides by water. North Sweeper Creek is located at the base of the hill to the south and east. An unnamed creek is located at the base of the hill to the north. This unnamed creek joins North Sweeper Creek at the eastern margin of Tank Farm B.

SWMU 61, Tank Farm B – looking east

The ICs at SWMU 61 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There


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were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. This site is located adjacent to the runway and is in a restricted area preventing accidental human intrusion. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


Housing Area (Arctic Acres)

The Arctic Acres Housing Area is located in downtown Adak, east of Main Road and north of Kagalaska Drive. All housing units have been vacant since early 1996. Arctic Acres was constructed in 1975. Heating fuel (JP-5) was formerly delivered to each unit through underground pressurized 3/5-inch steel pipelines connected to two 27,000-gallon steel ASTs. The petroleum contamination came from leaking pipes. The IC restricted area is approximately 0.14 acres. Future residential housing construction will be evaluated for impacts to ongoing petroleum cleanup activities.

Housing Area (Arctic Acres) – looking north

The ICs at Arctic Acres are the restriction of land use to residential activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The housing units remain uninhabited, and the site is currently not being used. No new residential construction had


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occurred at the IC restricted area. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications were filed for this site over the past year. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


2.6.2 Free-Product Recovery Petroleum Sites

The free-product recovery sites are either active or they have met the endpoint criteria in the OU-A ROD. Free-product recovery was selected as an interim remedy for these fourteen sites. Focused feasibility studies are underway, and final cleanup decisions are expected over the next year.

GCI Compound (UST GCI-1)

The General Communications Inc. (GCI) Compound (UST GCI-1) site is located near the housing area and adjacent to the main road through the city of Adak. The ground surface at this site consists of a level gravel lot with patches of grass within the fenced enclosure and an extensive level area covered with native grasses outside the fenced area. East Canal is the closest surface water body located approximately 1,000 feet southwest of the site. A UST was removed in 1995. No free product has been observed since October 1997. Skimmers have been removed and the site is currently under a focused feasibility study.

GCI Compound (UST GCI-1) - looking southwest


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The ICs at GCI Compound (UST GCI-1) site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently not being used. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


NMCB Building Area, T-1416 Expanded Area, and NMCB Building (UST T-1416-A)

The NMCB Building Area, T-1416 Expanded Area, and NMCB Building (UST T-1416-A) site is part of the back-beach lagoon area used in World War II. A woodworking shop and supply depot was built at this site in the early 1940s. In the 1940s the area was used as a machine shop for overhauling ships. Several abandoned and inactive fuel pipelines cross the site, including the same abandoned pipeline that crosses South of Runway 18-36. No documented releases of petroleum have been recorded in this location.

NMCB Building - looking east

Petroleum was found in wells as a result of an OU-A site investigation. A detailed site investigation report was completed for this site in December 1998. Free product recovery is under way, but less than 8 gallons have been recovered to date. In September 1990, an


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abandoned fuel line located near the southeast corner of Runway 18-36 was uncovered during installation of a new fuel line adjacent to Main Road. The abandoned fuel line reportedly was a source of subsurface fuel contamination, and residual product was observed in the excavated trench. This release may have contributed to, or been associated with, petroleum hydrocarbons released to the environment at the NMCB Building Expanded Area.

The ICs at NMCB Building Area, T-1416 Expanded Area and NMCB Building (UST T-1416-A) site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The facility and surrounding open lots are occupied during field seasons each year. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

In addition to ICs, the site is currently being monitored as part of the CMP. Free product recovery is also in progress.

NORPAC Hill Seep Area

NORPAC Hill Seep Area - looking north


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North Pacific (NORPAC) Hill was not developed due to its steep terrain. Kuluk Housing was built near NORPAC Hill in 1964. Army barracks and mess halls supplied with heating fuel previously occupied the area.

The ICs at NORPAC Hill Seep Area are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

No engineering controls have been implemented at NORPAC Hill Seep Area.

SA 80, Steam Plant 4, USTs 27089 and 27090

The regional topography in this vicinity slopes gently toward the southwest; however, the general topography of the site is flat to slightly undulating. Kuluk Bay is approximately 2,500 feet east of the site. The closest downgradient surface water body is East Canal, located approximately 1,400 feet west of the site.

Steam Plant 4 – looking northeast


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The ICs at SA 80, Steam Plant 4, USTs 27089 and 27090 site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SWMU 62, New Housing Fuel Leak

This site contains the Sandy Cove and Eagle Bay Housing Units, which were built in 1986 and 1987, respectively. JP-5 heating fuel was used for Sandy Cove and Eagle Bay Housing Units. Fuel was stored in six ASTs near the area and was distributed to housing units through underground pipes. An investigation in response to reported fuel odors found a total of 21 fuel-pipe leaks. These leaks were repaired in 1988 and 1989. Sandy Cove and Eagle Bay Housing are currently referred to as SWMU 62, New Housing Fuel Leak.

SWMU 62, New Housing Fuel Leak – looking west


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In 1989, a large recovery system was installed near Sandy Cove and Eagle Bay Housing. In October 1996 the original system was modified to 25 recovery wells and four treatment units. The wells are spread out to cover a wide range of free product plumes. As of 2000, free product recovery had been discontinued. In May 2000, two years of post-recovery monitoring was initiated per the OU-A ROD. This post-recovery monitoring was completed in May 2002. The results showed that there was no measurable free product in the wells, which indicated the extent of product had stabilized and posed no reasonable threat to downgradient receptors.

The ICs at SWMU 62 are the restriction of land use to residential activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of recent excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended in the OU-A ROD to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


South of Runway 18-36 Area

The South of Runway 18-36 Area consists of a large portion of downtown Adak surrounding the lower reach of South Sweeper Creek. It includes land surrounding the southern portion of Runway 18-36 from the Main Road to the east of Moffett Road to the west, and south across South Sweeper Creek nearly to the Fuels Facility. Topography at the South of Runway 18-36 area ranges from the more upland West sub-area to the relatively flat, low-lying land adjacent to and south of the runway and along Sweeper Cove. South Sweeper Creek is a tidally influenced stream that divides the area. The East Canal, West Canal, and Crossover Canal all lay within the site. This area is a high traffic area due to its proximity to the Main Road. Product recovery is ongoing at this site and the site is under evaluation as part of the focused feasibility process.

The ICs at South of Runway 18-36 Area are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


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South of Runway 18-36 Area – looking south

In addition to ICs, the site is currently being monitored as part of the CMP. Free product recovery is also in progress.

Tanker Shed, UST 42494

The Tanker Shed is located approximately at the mid-point between Main Road and Runway 18-36 in downtown Adak. The Tanker Shed is used to perform maintenance on the tanker trucks that transport fuel for the housing area heating system and for aircraft refueling. It is not known when the Tanker Shed was built, but it was likely in the 1960s, based on the type of construction. UST 42494 was installed in 1985 to collect used oil generated during vehicle maintenance and to collect fluids from the oil/water separator system. The oil/water separator system was connected to the catch basin associated with the truck wash rack. Most of the land surface around the Tanker Shed is flat and paved with concrete or asphalt; the land surface immediately east of the building is unimproved and covered with tundra grass. The regional topography in this vicinity slopes to the west. The closest downgradient surface water body is East Canal, located approximately 800 feet west of former UST 42494.

The ICs at the Tanker Shed, UST 42494 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently used for a commercial purpose, which is allowed under the


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ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


Tanker Shed UST – looking east

Yakutat Hangar, UST T-2039-A

The ICs at the Yakutat Hangar, UST, T-2039-A are the restriction of land use to


commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is currently used for a commercial purpose, which is allowed under the ICMP. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


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Yakutat Hanger – looking northeast

2.6.3 Adak Island Ordnance Awareness – CERCLA

Intervi ws e

ce IC consists of maintaining the existing Adak Island Ordnance Awareness program. The ordnance awareness training program is a requirement of the OU-B1 The ordnan

ROD. Island residents and visitors are strongly encouraged to participate in an established ordnance awareness-training program. This program applies to the entire northern section of Adak, and therefore is not a site-specific IC. This program is intended to familiarize on-island residents and visitors with the history of ordnance use, storage, handling and disposal on Adak Island; basic characteristics of ordnance items on Adak; and the procedures that should be followed if a suspected ordnance item is encountered.

The 2004 IC inspection with regard to the Adak Island Ordnance Awareness program consisted of the completion of interviews with residents and visitors. Interviews

tly provides ordnance information and could serve as a means to disseminate updated information in

conducted in September 2004 indicated that community members are very familiar with the program, which includes the distribution of educational materials (detailed below). However, some residents were not aware of the existence of a toll-free telephone number and e-mail address to contact for additional information on ordnance issues.

Interviewees were queried about the Adakupdate.com website, which curren


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addition to mailbox distribution. When asked about the Adakupdate.com website, most community members (not including visitors) were aware of the website in general; however, there are access problems to the site because of the relatively high cost charged by the local provider. Conversations with residents indicated that many people cannot afford the monthly fee for internet service.

The use of a community channel as a possible outreach option was discussed with interviewees. When asked about the use of a community channel, it was noted by

the best way to access community members was to provide the information either by mail or community

lements

areness program currently consists of periodic distribution of educational materials (e.g., coloring books, refrigerator magnets, coffee mugs, and

ults

ble at USFWS and Adak City offices

The hiki ra otential munitions-related hazards that may be encountered on Adak. These maps have been provided to every

presentation of a weekly ordnance awareness training class every Thursday at 3 pm at The Fish and Wildlife Center.

community members that many people do not have cable television due to its cost. Without cable, the community channel is not an effective option.

In general, the community members interviewed still thought

meetings.

Program E

The ordnance aw

posters). Individual DVD copies of the adult and children-oriented videos were placed in on-island mailboxes in July 2003. Topic-specific ordnance fact sheets were also distributed at this time. Elements of the UXO awareness program that were mailed between October 2003 and September 2004 and are currently available at the City of Adak office and the US Fish and Wildlife office on Adak include:

Ordnance safety awareness videos for children and ad

Ordnance awareness posters and children’s coloring books

Ordnance awareness fact sheets

Updated hiking trail maps, availa

Laminated safety cards and refrigerator magnets

“Keep out” signs around Navy-retained OU B-2

ng t il maps provide specific information concerning p

mailbox on Adak. The City of Adak Chief of Police also has copies of maps for distribution. In 2005, the Navy plans to provide maps to island guide services to the extent such service providers can be identified on the island.

Another element of the UXO awareness program is the


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The Fort Richardson Explosives Ordnance Detachment (EOD) is on-call to Adak Island, and will provide routine response to Adak residents in the event that unexploded ordnance is encountered.

erials reflect the needs of the current non-military community. An effort was made to incorporate icons and characters more reflective of the Aleut

ide UXO-related information at a level that non-military people could understand.

and 2005, in an effort to provide a continuing safety reminder in residents’ households.

interviews conducted, most residents were aware of the existing video; the various educational materials such as posters and magnets; and the restrictions.

e of the residents were unaware that a toll-free number and e-mail address can be contacted for additional information on ordnance issues. The residents did know,

Planned Changes

The UXO awareness mat

culture, and to prov

Items with logos and emergency phone numbers, such as coffee mugs, refrigerator magnets, tri-color markers and small balls, will continue to be distributed via mail by the Navy in 2004

Conclusions

Based on the

However, som

however, that there was a possibility of encountering ordnance on the island and knew to be cautious when hiking.


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Intentionally blank


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3.0 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL SITE INSPECTIONS, REMOTE AREA SITES

3.1 REMOTE AREA CERCLA SITES (EXCEPT LANDFILLS)

The primary purpose of the ICs for the CERCLA sites in the Remote Area is to ensure compliance with land use assumptions used in establishing cleanup levels to help ensure there are no adverse effects to human health due to exposure to residual chemicals. The anticipated future use was an important consideration in determining the level of protectiveness required at the sites. For example, the CERCLA sites in the Remote Area are found in former industrial areas, and the anticipated land use was expected to remain the same based on the information available when the remedies were selected in the OU-A ROD. The residual chemicals that remain at some Remote Area sites are safe for workers and recreational activities, but they may not be safe for full-time residents living on the property. These were determined as ICRs and are discussed for each site in the context of the chemical or chemicals that pose the potential ICR. For many of these sites, the ICR exceeds the ADEC requirement that cumulative risks do not exceed 1x10E-5 for residential use. That standard is more stringent than the EPA risk range of 10E-4 to 10E-6 that also can take into account different land use and exposure scenarios.

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required for the Remote Area CERCLA sites documented below:

• Land Use Restrictions – For the sites listed in this subsection, residential construction is prohibited. Either: a) recreational use, or b) commercial and industrial land uses, are allowed.



3.1.1 SWMU 20, White Alice/Trout Creek Disposal Area

This 11½-acre site occupies a hillside and floodplain area below the former White Alice complex about 2 miles west of downtown. The site consists of two distinct topographic environments: (1) a steep northwest-facing hillside, approximately 200 feet wide and 500 feet long, covered with native vegetation and debris, and (2) a portion of the heavily vegetated, marshy Trout Creek floodplain, at the base of the hillside. It was originally investigated because several 55–gallon drums and other debris (apparently originating from the closure of the White Alice facility in the 1980s) were disposed of on the hillside and in the valley below. A removal action was conducted in 1992 to remove about 100


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55-gallon drums and various other debris. Approximately seven cubic yards of PCB-affected soils were also removed.

Aroclor 1260 was identified in the OU-A ROD as a COPC. Its post-removal maximum concentration in soil was 33 mg/kg, which exceeds the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 1 mg/kg. The estimated residential ICR is 2x10E-5, while the estimated recreational (current use) ICR is 2x10E-7, and the estimated industrial ICR is 8x10E-7. The Aroclor 1260 concentration in soil has a hazard index of 160 for ecological receptors.

Trout Creek – looking west

The ICs at SWMU 20 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.



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3.1.2 SWMU 21A, White Alice Upper Quarry

This 3-acre site is an abandoned quarry along the access road to the former White Alice radar array facility, located about two miles west of downtown Adak. The site was evaluated under CERCLA because drums of PCB-containing oil were disposed of in the area and PCBs were identified in the soil at SWMU 21A. Although there are no formal records to confirm this, anecdotal information indicates that during demolition of the White Alice facility (1980 to 1982), drums containing transformer oil were disposed of at (or in the vicinity of) SWMU 21A. A removal action was conducted in 1992 to remove 780 cubic yards of PCB-affected soils. A 20-mil liner and soil cover were placed over areas of residual PCBs to minimize direct exposure to and possible migration of residual PCB. Removed soils were disposed of beneath the SWMU 67 cap.

SWMU 21A, White Alice Upper Quarry – looking east

Aroclor 1260 was identified in the OU-A ROD as the COPC. It was detected at a maximum concentration 1.6 mg/kg, which is above the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 1.0 mg/kg. An estimated residential ICR of 1.4x10E-5 was calculated. The ICR for the current recreational use was 4x10E-7 and the industrial ICR was 2.5x10E-7.

The ICs at SWMU 21A include the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a provision that prohibits excavation (which applies to sites with a soil cover, such as SWMU 21A) (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no


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indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMU 21A include a soil cover. At the time of inspection, the cover appeared to be intact and undisturbed.

3.1.3 SWMU 23, Heart Lake Drum Disposal Area

This site is located in an undeveloped field about 2 miles southwest of downtown Adak. It occupies a hillside between two small-unnamed lakes less than ½ mile from Heart Lake. The site, 8 acres of a grassy open field, was apparently used to dispose of about 20 drums and one storage tank in the 1940s. The original contents of the drums are unknown. When they were removed in 1994, all the drums and the storage tank were empty, and no evidence of releases was observed.

SWMU 23, Heart Lake Drum Disposal Area – looking south

Arsenic was identified in the OU-A ROD as the COPC for this site. It was identified at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/kg, which exceeds the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 4.5 mg/kg. The presence of arsenic at this site was estimated to have a residential ICR of 1x10E-5. The current use recreational ICR was estimated at 3x10E-7 and the industrial ICR at 6x10E-7.

The ICs at SWMU 23 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet


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(see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


3.1.4 SWMUs 52, 53, and 59, Former Loran Station

The former Loran (long-range navigation) Station is located on a northwest-facing promontory along the Bering Sea coastline on the northwest flank of Mount Adagdak. The station, which consists of three buildings in varying stages of disrepair, occupies a bench on a promontory about 150 feet above MLLW. In addition to the buildings, there are two debris disposal areas, one along the western slope below the building bench and the other on the northern slope accessed by a higher road. There are no other developments within about a mile radius of the site. The station is about 6½ miles from downtown Adak, and roads to the site have not been maintained for several years. The site was constructed between 1948 and 1950 to support Naval and Coast Guard navigation, and the station was closed in 1979. It was proposed for investigation under CERCLA because debris, including radio equipment, was left in the buildings after closure and additional debris was disposed of on the western and northern slopes. Debris and unused hazardous material were removed from the site in 1990 and 1991 during the initial site investigations. In addition, two 10,000-gallon JP-5 tanks and one 10,000-gallon gasoline tank were removed from the site.

SWMUs 52, 53, and 59, Former Loran Station – looking north


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Two COPCs were identified in the OU-A ROD for this site. The first, benzo(a)pyrene was detected in 1 of 36 soil samples at a concentration of 2.25 mg/kg, which exceeds the ADEC residential soil cleanup level of 0.9 mg/kg. A residential ICR of 1x10E-5 was estimated for benzo(a)pyrene. The second COPC is arsenic, which was detected in 32 of 35 samples at a maximum concentration of 99.7 mg/kg, which exceeds the ADEC soil cleanup level of 4.5 mg/kg. A residential ICR of 2x10E-5 was estimated for arsenic at this site, and a recreational (current use) ICR of 1x10E-8 and an industrial ICR of 2x10E-6 were estimated.

The ICs at SWMUs 52, 53, and 59 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. The site is abandoned, with signs of vandalism in the form of broken windows and graffiti. The vandalism has no effect on the effectiveness of the ICs. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

No engineering controls have been implemented at SWMUs 52, 53, and 59.

3.1.5 SWMU 67, White Alice PCB Spill Area

This site is a former military communications complex located about 2 miles west of downtown Adak. It is situated on a flattened hilltop. It consists of three building foundations and abandoned concrete pads surrounded by graded gravel. Given the relative elevation and the lack of vegetation and structures, the site does not provide any valuable habitat. The White Alice complex, constructed in 1956, consisted of large transmitting and receiving dish antennas. The site was dismantled between 1980 and 1982. During demolition, PCB-containing oil was spilled throughout the complex. Based on the results of the investigations and the estimated risk associated with PCB, a multi-layered cap was placed on this site as a removal action.

The COPC is PCB, primarily Aroclor 1260. Since this site includes a capped area, no excavation is allowed unless authorized by the Navy. Prior to the capping of the site, the estimated recreational ICR is 7x10E-6 and the estimated industrial use ICR is 2x10E-6.

The ICs at SWMU 67 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and an excavation prohibition (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


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SWMU 67, White Alice PCB Spill Area – looking north

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMU 67 include a soil cover. At the time of inspection in September 2004, the cover appeared to be intact and undisturbed.

3.2 REMOTE AREA LANDFILLS

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required at the landfill sites:

• Land Use Restrictions – The landfills may be used for recreational use or any other activity that does not adversely impact the integrity of the landfill covers, containment, or monitoring systems.


• Soil Excavation Prohibition – Landfill excavation is absolutely prohibited to protect receptors from direct exposure to landfill contaminants and to protect the landfill cap. The following engineering controls are required at the landfill sites:

• Soil Cover Inspection – Soil covers are in place at the landfills. The soil covers were inspected.


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3.2.1 SWMU 2, Causeway Landfill

SWMU 2 was a former landfill that was operated from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s. It is located about 7 miles from downtown, on the eastern side of Clam Road on a narrow strip of land separating Clam Lagoon from Sitkin Sound. The landfill reportedly received waste materials that included sanitary trash, construction debris, scrap equipment, and other refuse generated by Naval Security Group Activity (NSGA). Site features are generally flat, with a predominantly cobble and gravel surface cover. The Causeway Landfill is approximately 6.36 acres.

SWMU 2, Causeway Landfill - looking north

The ICs at SWMU 2 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a provision that prohibits excavation (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMU 2 include a soil cover. At the time of inspection, the cover appeared to be intact and undisturbed.


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3.2.2 SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill

SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill, is the site of a former 3.91-acres landfill that was operated from the early to late 1940s. It is believed to have been closed with a soil and rock cover in the late 1940s. The former landfill is on the eastern shore of Andrew Lake, about 3 miles north of downtown. It is believed to be filled with construction debris and waste generated by the construction and subsequent demolition of Albert Mitchell Airfield, which used to occupy the area between Andrew Lake and Clam Lagoon. The vegetative soil cover was placed on the site in 1999.

SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill – looking north




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3.2.3 SWMU 11, Palisades Landfill

Palisades Landfill, located about 2/3 of a mile north of downtown Adak, was used as the primary disposal area for all of Adak Island from the 1940s to about 1970. The 6-acre landfill covers portions of the coastal uplands adjacent to Kuluk Bay and part of the ravine, which opens immediately to the bay. The ravine is about 1,200 feet long, 5 to 300 feet wide, and 5 to 150 feet deep, with a small stream (Palisades Creek) running through it. Wastes within the landfill include, but are not limited to, sanitary trash, construction waste, and scrap vehicles. Capping of the landfill was completed in 1996.

Samples were collected for an ecological risk assessment in 1996. Antimony (hazard quotient of 1.85) was the only chemical identified with a hazard quotient greater than 1 for sediment. Copper and chromium had the largest potential to pose ecological risks based on elevated concentrations in mussel samples.

SWMU 11, Palisades Landfill – looking southeast



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3.2.4 SWMU 18, South Sector Drum Disposal Area and SWMU 19, Quarry Metal Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill)

SWMU 18/19 is located about 2 miles west of downtown. The site lies on a relatively flat area, 440 feet above MLLW. Surface water runoff from the site drains toward Trout Creek, about 750 feet to the west. The landfill site encompasses approximately 9.2 acres. The actual landfill portion encompasses about 1.6 acres; however, the aerial extent of refuse is believed to be about 2.5 acres because some soil excavated for the landfill pit contained debris. The landfill contained predominantly wood debris in one half and asbestos in the other. It was closed and covered per State of Alaska regulations in 1997. Closure entailed placement of a soil cover over the landfill, grading and contouring, surface water/erosion controls, access restrictions, and installation of a vegetative cover per Alaska solid waste landfill closure requirements.

The ICs at SWMUs 18 and 19 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a provision that prohibits excavation (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.

SWMUs 18 /19 , South Sector Drum Disposal Area and Quarry Metal Disposal Area –

looking southwest.


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SWMUs 18/19, South Sector Drum Disposal Area and Quarry Metal Disposal Area looking

north toward the south-southwestern slope of the landfill perimeter

Engineering controls that were implemented at SWMUs 18 and 19 include a soil cover. At the time of inspection, the cover appeared to be intact and undisturbed. Portions of the south-southwestern slope of the landfill perimeter are showing a minor amount of erosion, and isolated areas in this vicinity are not vegetated. The erosion and lack of vegetation in this area does not indicate that the landfill cap or the foundation of the landfill is being compromised at this time.

The Navy is in the process of procuring a contractor to have these areas re-graded and revegetated. The work will include preparing the surface material by tilling and adding in soil amendments (pH adjuster, fertilizer and soil conditioner) as necessary; some minor grading; installing seed by either broadcast or hydroseeding; rolling the seeded area; watering as necessary to start the germination process; and installing erosion and sediment controls. The seed selected will conform to that recommended by the Alaska Plant Materials Center. A closure report will be prepared following completion of construction activities.

With regard to fencing, there are two locations (one along the west side of the landfill, and one near the east side entrance) where an approximately 10 foot long section of the top strand of the barbed wire is broken. There is also one sign down near the east side entrance.


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3.2.5 SWMU 29, Finger Bay Landfill

SWMU 29 is located about ½ mile south of Sweeper Cove and 1,800 feet north of Finger Bay, adjacent to Finger Bay Road. It is situated in a low-lying area at the base of a hill. The hill slope forms the east boundary of the site. The aerial extent of the landfill is approximately 5.95 acres; the average surface elevation is about 100 feet above MLLW. A perennial stream is located near the north boundary of the landfill; smaller intermittent streams are located both on and adjacent to the landfill. The depth of the landfill is about 5 to 10 feet. It was reportedly used for waste disposal between 1972 and 1975. The materials placed in it include, but are not limited to, municipal and industrial refuse and construction debris. A soil cover was placed over portions of the site when disposal practices ceased.

SWMU 29, Finger Bay Landfill - looking northeast

The ICs at SWMU 29 are the restriction of land use to outdoor recreational activities, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a provision prohibiting excavation (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.



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3.3 REMOTE AREA PETROLEUM SITES

Five remedial alternatives were selected for the petroleum sites administered under SAERA on Adak: free-product recovery, monitored natural attenuation, limited soil removal, limited groundwater monitoring, and ICs. In addition, one site [(NMCB Building Area, T-1416 Expanded Area, and NMCB Building (UST T-1416-A)] will be cleaned up as part of a larger remedial effort at a free-product site.

ICs are applied to limit land use activities at the individual sites and to ensure the integrity of the free-product recovery and monitoring systems. These controls include restrictions on groundwater use and soil excavations. They are designed to reduce the potential for direct exposure in the short term, until petroleum concentrations are reduced below cleanup levels. The listed Remote Area petroleum sites are presently undergoing studies and cleanups.

For the purposes of inspection and reporting, the following ICs are required for the Remote Area petroleum sites documented below:

• Land and Groundwater Use Restrictions – Commercial and industrial land uses are allowed. Groundwater use is prohibited.


• Soil Excavation Notifications – Excavation notifications for the sites are required for excavations below two feet. The notifications, discussed later, are evaluated to determine whether or not the proposed excavation is consistent with the land use restrictions.

3.3.1 Monitored Natural Attenuation Sites

Antenna Field, USTs ANT-1, ANT-2, ANT-3, and ANT-4

The Antenna Field site is located midway between downtown Adak and Clam Lagoon in an unpopulated area. The Antenna Field site is located on a hilltop northeast of Palisades Lake. Three buildings and antennas were built in 1948 on the site. USTs Antenna (ANT)-1, ANT-2, ANT-3, and ANT-4 supplied JP-5 as heating fuel to the building, but were removed in 1993. Several small holes were observed in USTs ANT-3 and -4 upon removal. In 1996, the site was screened using the ADEC matrix cleanup levels and the ADEC supplemental criteria and was retained for further investigation because the maximum DRO concentration was slightly above the supplemental criterion for subsurface soil. The source of the petroleum release is not recorded, but appears to have originated from the USTs. The general topography of the Antenna Field is irregular and is characterized by hills and drainage swales.


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Antenna Field - looking south

The ICs at the Antenna Field are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


3.3.2 Free-Product Recovery Petroleum Sites

SA 73/SWMU 58, Heating Plant 6

SWMU 58 and SA 73, Heating Plant 6, are situated in the southeast corner of the former NSGA complex, approximately 5 miles north of downtown Adak, on the lower, southern slope of Mount Adagdak. The Heating Plant 6 site was established in April 1997 and comprises Building 10385 and 10585, six former USTs, one former AST, and one former oil/water separator. Only the buildings remain at the site. The plant was bordered on the east by the NSGA complex which closed in 1995.


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SA 73/SWMU 58, Heating Plant 6 – looking south

The ICs at the SA 73/SWMU 58, Heating Plant 6 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SA 78, Old Transportation Building, USTs 10583, 10584, and ASTs

SA 78, Old Transportation Building, is located approximately 5 miles north of downtown Adak in the NSGA complex, on the lower, southern slope of Mount Adagdak, near the northwestern shore of Clam Lagoon. The Old Transportation Building was used as the NSGA fire station and transportation garage from 1950 until mid-1991. Two USTs and two ASTs were used at the Old Transportation Building site to store motor vehicle gasoline (mogas) for vehicle fueling from the early 1960s until 1993. Exact installation dates of the USTs and ASTs are unknown.


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The area east of the Old Transportation Building was filled, graded flat, and used as a vehicle fueling area. Although the site has been graded level, the surrounding topography of the Old Transportation Building site slopes southeast toward Clam Lagoon.

SA 78, Old Transportation Building – looking east

The ICs at the SA 78, Old Transportation Building, USTs 10583, 10584, and ASTs are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (See Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SA 82, P-80/P-81 Buildings, USTs 10579, 10587 and AST 10333

The P-80/P-81 Buildings were used by the former NSGA and are located on Shore Road, approximately 4,500 feet north of the main NSGA complex. UST 10587 and AST 10333 were located west of Building P-80 and were used to store JP-5 fuel for the heating boiler. UST 10579 was located northwest of Building P-81 and was used to store fuel to supply the generator in Building P-81.


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SA 82, P-80 and P-81 Buildings – looking west

The ICs at the SA 82, P-80/P-81 Buildings, USTs 10579, 10587 and AST 10333 are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


SA 88, P-70 Energy Generator, UST 10578

The SA 88, P-70 Energy Generator site is located on the north side of Giddens Road, north of the main NSGA complex. The P-70 Building was used for auxiliary power generation and miscellaneous storage at NSGA. UST 10578 was installed at Building P-70 in 1965 to store JP-5 for powering the generator. The building is no longer in use.

UST 10578 was removed in May 1993. No records on releases from the UST are available. However, petroleum product “flowing” from the west sidewall of the excavation was recorded at two feet below ground surface (bgs). The rate at which the product was released and the length of time the release was observed were not provided


3-38

in the site assessment report. DRO was reported in all four soil samples collected from the sidewalls and base of the excavation at concentrations greater than the ADEC soil matrix cleanup levels. At the time of inspection, a sheen was observed on water from a seep.

SA 88, Building P-70 Energy Generator, UST 10578 Site – looking southeast

The ICs at the SA 88, P-70 Energy Generator site are the restriction of land use to commercial and industrial activities and the restriction of groundwater use, which are included in an equitable servitude, and a requirement to complete an excavation notification prior to conducting intrusive work to a depth greater than two feet (see Table 1-1). During the inspection in September 2004, there were no indications of a change in land use in this area. No residential construction had occurred at the site. There were no indications that groundwater was being used at the site. There were no indications of excavation activities, and no excavation notifications had been filed the previous year for this site. Therefore, ICs appear to be functioning as intended to protect human receptors from exposure to soil or groundwater.


3.4 ADAK ISLAND ORDNANCE OU-B-2 SITES – CERCLA

The Navy has imposed access restrictions at the OU-B-2, Parcel 4 area. Based on the September 2004 inspection, the ordnance hazard signs are in-place at the OU-B-2 sites. Besides maintaining the UXO awareness program for OU-B-2 sites, the Navy has


3-39

implemented some additional engineering controls at Parcel 4 to limit access to Navy- retained lands. Engineering controls include partial perimeter fencing with attached warning signs and blocked roadways with locked gates. Based on the September 2004 inspection, the engineering controls remain in place with the exception of damaged barbed wire fencing at the location to the northeast of Andrew Lake (see Figure 1-1). Barbed-wire fencing is damaged at three different locations that are in relatively close proximity to one another, and each location consists of approximately a 10 foot length of fencing in need of repair (see representative photo below).

Damaged fencing along eastern perimeter of OU-B-2 site, looking southwest


4.0 GENERAL INSPECTIONS

4.1 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL EXCAVATION NOTIFICATION

The purpose of the IC excavation notification is to notify the Navy of intrusive projects that will be performed on IC sites and to ensure that the land use controls remain effective over time. There are two types of soil excavation restrictions for IC sites.

4.1.1 IC Excavation Notifications are Required at Some Sites

The purpose of the permit is to allow Navy to provide information about the site and it is a tool for the Navy to receive timely information to monitor excavation projects on the IC sites to ensure the land uses remain consistent with the selected remedy.

Excavation notifications for the restricted areas (see Table 1-1) are obtained from the City of Adak office. Notifications must be submitted at least three days prior to excavation activities. All personnel involved in excavation activities must have taken ordnance awareness training. The IC notification is available on the Adakupdate.com website. Copies of the excavation notifications will be kept in the Engineering Field Activity (EFA) Northwest site file.

According to Adak resident Rex Poe, who processes all excavation notifications on-island, the excavation notification process was observed by several contractors between October 2003 and September 2004.

4.1.2 Absolute Excavation Prohibitions

At some sites, such as former landfills (or where the remedy in place is a protective cover), excavation by non-Navy personnel is absolutely prohibited, although recreational land uses, which add additional cover (e.g., ball fields, golf course), may be permissible. Navy personnel will be allowed to excavate for the purposes of repairing caps, etc. Additionally, excavation for the purpose of digging a domestic water well is prohibited in the downtown area and in the remote areas, where it is necessary to protect the integrity of the ongoing petroleum cleanups.

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5.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Table 5-1 summarizes the conditions at the Adak IC sites.

Table 5-1 Summary of Conditions at Adak Institutional Control Sites

Site Name

Lan

d U

se C

onsi

sten

t w

ith R

estr

ictio

ns?

Evi

denc

e of

Soi

l E

xcav

atio

ns?

Fish

Adv

isor

y in

Eff

ect?

Edu

catio

n Pr

ogra

m

Func

tioni

ng?

Soil

cove

r in

tact

and

ef

fect

ive?

Com

men

ts

Groundwater (Downtown Exchange Area) Groundwater* No residential use. CERCLA Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 10, Old Baler Building Yes No SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area* Yes No SWMU 15, Future Jobs/DRMO* Yes No SWMU 16, Former Firefighting Training Area Yes No SWMU 17, Power Plant 3 Area* Yes No SWMU 55, Public Works Transportation Department Waste Storage Area Yes No

SA 76, Old Line Shed Building Yes No Fishing Advisory Areas (Downtown Exchange Area)

Sweeper Cove Yes Fact sheets have replaced signage.

Kuluk Bay Yes Fact sheets have replaced signage.

Landfill Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 13, Metals Landfill** Yes No Yes

SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill Yes No Yes Partial revegetation and

fence repair recommended.

RCRA Sites (Downtown Exchange Area) SWMU 24, Hazardous Waste Storage Facility Yes No SA 77, Small Drum Storage Area Yes No Petroleum Monitored Natural Attenuation (Downtown Exchange Area) Amulet Housing, Well AMW-706 Area Yes No Amulet Housing, Well AMW-709 Area Yes No Former Power Plant, Building T-1451 Yes No ROICC Contractor’s Area (UST ROICC 8) Yes No Runway 5-23 Avgas Valve Pit Yes No SWMU 14, Old Pesticide Disposal Area* Yes No SWMU 15, Future Jobs/DRMO* Yes No SWMU 60, Tank Farm A Yes No SWMU 61, Tank Farm B Yes No Housing Area (Arctic Acres) Yes No

5-1


Table 5-1 (Continued) Summary of Conditions at Adak Institutional Control Sites

Site Name

Lan

d U

se C

onsi

sten

t w

ith R

estr

ictio

ns?

Evi

denc

e of

Soi

l E

xcav

atio

ns?

Fish

Adv

isor

y in

Eff

ect?

Edu

catio

n Pr

ogra

m

Func

tioni

ng?

Soil

cove

r in

tact

and

ef

fect

ive?

Com

men

ts

Petroleum Free-Product (Downtown Exchange Area) GCI Compound, UST GCI-1 Yes No NMCB Building Area Yes No NORPAC Hill Seep Area Yes No SA 80, Steam Plant 4, USTs 27089 and 27090 Yes No WMU 17, Power Plant 3 Area* Yes No SWMU 62, New Housing Fuel Leak Yes No South of Runway 18-36 Area Yes No Tanker Shed, UST 42494 Yes No Yakutat Hangar, UST T-2039-A Yes No CERCLA Sites (Remote Area) SWMU 20, White Alice/Trout Creek Disposal Area Yes No

SWMU 21A, White Alice Upper Quarry Yes No Yes SWMU 23, Heart Lake Drum Disposal Area Yes No SWMUs 52, 53, 59, Former Loran Station Yes No SWMU 67, White Alice PCB Spill Site Yes No Landfill Sites (Remote Area) SWMU 2, Causeway Landfill** Yes No Yes SWMU 4, South Davis Road Landfill** Yes No Yes SWMU 11, Palisades Landfill** Yes No Yes SWMU 18, South Sector Drum Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill) and SWMU 19, Quarry Metal Disposal Area (White Alice Landfill)**

Yes No Yes Partial revegetation

and fence repair recommended.

SWMU 29, Finger Bay Landfill** Yes No Yes Petroleum – Monitored Natural Attenuation (Remote Area) Antenna Field, USTs ANT-1, ANT-2, ANT-3, and ANT-4 Yes No

Petroleum Free-Product (Remote Area) SA 73/SWMU 58, Heating Plant 6 Yes No SA 78, Old Transportation Building USTs Yes No SA 82, P-80/P-81 Buildings Yes No SA 88, P-70 Energy Generator, UST 10578 Yes No

CERCLA Ordnance Sites

OU B-2 Ordnance Areas Yes Fence repair recommended.

OU B-1 Ordnance Areas Yes

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It is recommended that primary site inspections at all sites continue on an annual basis, as outlined in the ICMP.

Based on the findings of the September 2004 primary site inspections, recommendations are made below. These recommendations should be implemented within 90 days, where feasible.

At SWMU 25, Roberts Landfill, the central-western portion and the southern portion of the landfill requires revegetation. Perimeter fencing should also be repaired.

•

•

•

At SWMU 18/19, White Alice Landfill, portions of the south-southwestern slope which supports the landfill are showing a minor amount of erosion and is not vegetated in spots. It is recommended that this area be revegetated. Perimeter fencing should also be repaired.

The barbed wire fencing, located along the eastern perimeter of the OU-B-2 site to the northeast of Andrew Lake, is in need of repair. More detailed information is presented in Section 3.4, and this location is provided in Figure 1-1.

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5-4


6-1

6.0 REFERENCES

URS Greiner, Inc. (URS) 1995. Record of Decision, Naval Air Facility Adak, Site 11 (Palisades Landfill) and Site 13 (Metals Landfill), Adak Island, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc., for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, under U.S. Navy Comprehensive Long-Term Environmental Action Navy (CLEAN) Contract No. N62474-89-D-9295. Seattle, Washington. February 28, 1995.

U.S. Navy 1997. Final Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study, Adak Naval Complex, Adak Island, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner, Inc., for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, under CLEAN Contract No. N62474-89-D-9295. Poulsbo, Washington. September 1997.

U.S. Navy (Navy), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC). 2000. Record of Decision, Operable Unit A, Former Adak Naval Complex, Adak Island, Alaska. Draft Final; accepted as final and signed by the parties. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc., for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, under CLEAN Contract No. N62474-89-D-9295. Poulsbo, Washington. Accepted as final, April 2000.

U.S. Navy 2001. Final Record of Decision, Operable Unit B-1, Former Adak Naval Complex, Adak Island, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc., for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, under CLEAN Contract No. N62474-89-D-9295, Poulsbo, Washington. November 2001.

U.S. Navy 2002. Draft Finding of Suitability to Transfer (FOST) Parcel 1A, Adak Naval Complex, Adak, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc. for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, under CLEAN Contract No. N62474-89-D-9295, Poulsbo, Washington. February 2002.

U.S. Navy 2003. Amendment No. 1, Record of Decision, Operable Unit A, Adak Naval Air Station, Adak, Alaska. Prepared by URS Group, Inc., for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest, September 2003.

U.S. Navy 2004a. Institutional Control Management Plan, Former Adak Naval Complex, Adak Island, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc. for engineering Field Acctivity, Northwest. February 2004.

U.S. Navy 2004b. Final Comprehensive Monitoring Plan, Revision 1, Former Adak Naval Complex, Adak Island, Alaska. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc. for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest. March 2004.

U.S. Navy 2004c. Technical Memorandum, Evaluation of Adak Island Blue Mussel and Rock Sole Tissue 1999 Through 2003. Prepared by URS Greiner Inc. for Engineering Field Activity, Northwest. May 24, 2004.


6-2

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A–1

APPENDIX A Site Inspection Checklists and Interview Forms


B–1

APPENDIX B Response to ADEC and EPA Comments

Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Comments on the Draft Institutional Controls Primary Site Inspection Report

FORMER NAVAL AIR FACILTY, ADAK November 24, 2004

Comments Developed December 10, 2004

Cmt. No.

Pg. & Line Sec. Comment/Recommendation Response

1 2-10 2.2.7 As this is a summary of land uses occurring at various sites, the report should mention that the city of Adak is currently using the former SA 76 site as a solid waste transfer station. This land use change is noted on the inspection sheet contained on the CD but is not mentioned in the report. The land use does not impact the effectiveness of the remedy, but it is a potential source of pollution that the Navy should keep track of.

The Navy will monitor ongoing City of Adak activities at this site during future IC inspections or more frequently if warranted. This revision will state that the city of Adak is currently using the former SA 76 site as a solid waste transfer station.

2 2-10and 2-

11

2.3 and 2.3.1

The section on the Downtown Exchange Waterbodies is somewhat outdated and does not mention the recent removal of the blue mussel fishing advisory for Kuluk Bay and other recommendations mentioned in the five-year remedy review. Please advise the text appropriately to reflect restriction changes.

Sections 2.3 and 2.3.1 will be revised by inclusion of the recent removal of the blue mussel fishing advisory for Kuluk Bay. Additionally, the revision will include the following information and recommendations from Technical Memorandum, Evaluation of Adak Island Blue Mussel and Rock Sole Tissue 1999 Through 2003, URS, May 24, 2004:

- Recommendation to continue tissue sampling on a biennial basis through 2010 for Rock Sole and Blue Mussel in Sweeper Cove and Kuluk Bay;

- Recommendation to continue with the fish advisory for Rock Sole and Blue Mussel in Sweeper Cove and Rock Sole in Kuluk Bay

- Recommendation for no additional sampling at the Bay of Islands, because there are adequate data to establish background total PCB concentrations from the reference area.

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Cmt. No.


3 2-13Line 609

2.4.1 This line mentions that a cable gate prohibited vehicle access to the Metals Landfill cap. However, the picture given for the landfill shows multiple sets of tire tracks going in many different directions, most of which appear to be relatively fresh and digging into the cap of the landfill. We suspect that the monitoring team created many of these going from end to end. Please discuss the source of the tracks in the photo and if they are related to monitoring activities at the landfill. If the monitoring teams are creating the tracks, we would recommend that they stick to predefined roads or lanes as much as possible to avoid driving across and further damaging the cap.

The revision will clarify that the tire tracks are a result of recent inspections and field activities at the landfill (In the future, all Navy contractors will be instructed to stay on predefined roads or lanes whenever possible to preserve the landfill cap).

4 2.6 The wording used for Amulet Well AMW-706, Amulet Well AMW-709, Housing Area (Arctic Acres) and SWMU 62 in regards to the IC restricted land use applicable to each is somewhat confusing. According to the equitable servitude contained in the Finding of Suitability to Transfer, residential land uses are restricted at AMW-706, AMW-709, and SWMU 62 only (Arctic Acres is not mentioned). Our understanding from the text in Section 6.1 is that reuse is allowed for existing units but future residential construction is restricted or prohibited at these sites. The wording used within the document, ‘…the restriction of land use to residential activities…’, makes it appear that the sites are meant for residential use with no restrictions (zoned residential). We recommend changing the wording to clarify what the actual restriction is.

The wording in Section 2.6 of the revision will make clear that residential land uses are restricted at AMW-706, AMW-709, and SWMU 62 only (not restricted at Housing Area [Arctic Acres]), as stated in the Finding of Suitability to Transfer.

5 2-25Line 890

2.6.1 The measurement for the connector pipes from the main pipeline is given as 3/5-inch. Several other documents list the pipe as 3/4-inch pipe. Please verify which is correct and change or document appropriately.

The revision will list the pipe as ¾-inch pipe, as stated in Final Site Summary Report, Housing Area (Arctic Acres), in Final Site Summary Report For Petroleum Sites Exceeding Supplemental Screening Criteria, Volume 1, dated March 1999.

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Cmt. No.


6 2.6.3and

Section 5

The Department feels that the discussion of the Ordnance Awareness program is at best weak and overstated. The section appears mostly regenerated from previous reports, seriously overstates effectiveness, and is not reflective of current conditions. Please see the cover letter for our full discussion of our comments, recommendations, and requirements for the Ordnance Awareness program.

The Navy has provided copies of virtually every OE education and awareness program material to every post office box in Adak. This included the DVDs that include adult and childrens educational programs. We have also provided other item (color books to the school, maps, fact sheets, markers, magnets, coffee cups, etc.). All of these have been provided to everyone with a mailing address. The Navy has also mailed fact sheets concerning the island ordnance education and awareness program to all mail box holders on Adak. Similar information is also maintained on the Adak web site. Hiking maps, that provide specific information concerning potential munitions related hazards that may be encountered on Adak, have been provided to the City of Adak Chief of Police for distribution and were also available at USF&W offices while these offices were staffed. These maps were also provided to everyone with a mailing address on Adak Island. The Navy plans to provide these maps to on island guide services to the extent such service providers can be identified on the island. It should be noted that there really isn't a dig notification proceedure that has anything to do with controlling exposure to potential ordnance. There absolutely is no requirement to notify the Navy prior to performing excavations in any of the real estate transferred to TAC to address potential ordance. The dig notification restrictions that do exist are related to petroleum contamination or other non-ordnance related contamination. Based on the results of inspections and surveys, the Navy will consider improvements to the ordnance education and awareness program.

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Cmt. No.


7 4-1Lines 1628 - 1629

Section 4 We are not sure what is meant by the statement, “…the excavation notification process was observed by several contractors between October 2003 and September 2004.” The term ‘observe’ has many different meanings. Did they fill out and submit forms? Did they ask about the program? Please clarify and expand this statement or section to include any relevant statistics regarding the notification program (number of submittals, refusals, etc.).

The revision will not include the word ‘observe.’ The revision will explain that ICRC was the only contractor that performed subsurface work that necessitated the use of the excavation notification process (prior to their subsurface investigative work in September 2004) between October 2003 and September 2004. Mr. Rex Poe of Adak Island, who supervises the notification process, verified ICRC’s use of the dig permit process.

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Documents

Institutional Controls Primary Site Inspection Report · restrictions associated with OU-B1, only the requirement to maintain the unexploded ordnance (UXO) educational awareness program