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Integrated control of herbicide resistant Lolium rigidum in extensive rainfed crops. José Mª Montull, Andreu Taberner. Rainfed crops in Spain take around 9700000ha Yields fluctuate between 1-5 tm/ha of barley - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Integrated control of herbicide resistant Lolium rigidum in extensive
rainfed crops
José Mª Montull, Andreu Taberner
Introduction
Rainfed crops in Spain take around 9700000ha
Yields fluctuate between 1-5 tm/ha of barley
There are few available crops for rotation & farmers unknown the return on alternative crops
Introduction
In the short term, monocropping seems to have more return
In the long term, rotations can have the same or more return:◦Increase of yields◦Decreases pests◦Decresase the cost on plant protection
Directive 2009/128/EC establishes the requirement of IPM
Introduction Alternative crops
There are two groups of alternative crops: ◦Oilseed crops◦Pulse crops
Broadleaf crops can facilitate grass weeds managing:◦Late crop sowing◦Use herbicides with different modes of action◦Use of “strong” ACCase inhibitors for control
NTSR
Introduction Objective
The main objective of this paper is to study different alternatives for herbicide-resistant L. Rigidum control in rainfed cereal cropping systems, integrating three different crops in rotation different herbicides approved for each crop.
Material & methodsField located in Calaf (Lleida) (NE Spain)480mm average annual rainfall Clay-loam soilDifficulty to control Lolium rigidum with
herbicidesThree crops: Winter wheat, spring barley
& spring field pea5 herbicides per crop & untreated
Material & methodsCrop Herbicide Active ingredient Rate
(kg o l cp/ha)Aplication time(respect the crop)
Winter
wheat
Untreated 0Auros Prosulfocarb 80% 4 09 BBCHCTU Clortolurón 50% 2 11 BBCH
Atlantis Iodosulfuron 0,6%+ mesosulfuron 3% 0,5 13BBCHBroadway Florasulam 2,28% +Pyroxulam 6,83% 0,265 13BBCH
Caliban duo Iodosulfurón 1%+propoxicarbazona 16,8% 330 13BBCH
Spring
barley
Untreated 0CTU Clortolurón 50% 4 11BBCH
Herbaflex Beflubutamida 8,5%+Isoproturon 50% 2,5 11BBCHAxial Pinoxaden 10% 0,6 13BBCH
Hussar Iodosulfuron 5% 0,2 13BBCHSplendor 40 Tralkoxidim 40% 1 22BBCH
Spring
pea
Untreated 0Auros Prosulfocarb 80% 5 09BBCH
Mutual Imazamox 1,67%+Pendimetalina 25% 3 09BBCHKerb Flo Propizamida 40% 1,875 13BBCH
Fusilade Max Fluazifop-P 12,5% 2 13BBCHAramo 50 Tepraloxidim 5% 1 13BBCH
Material & methodsAplication due with an experimental
sprayer pressurised with nitrogenBoom with 4 Hardi ISO LD-110-02 nozzles330l/ha of water delivery
Results & discussionLolium density at harvest in untreated plots
Cebada Guisante Trigo0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
B
B
A
Plan
tas/
m2
Results & discussion
Auro
s
Atla
ntis
Broa
dway
Calib
an D
uo CTU
Aram
o 50
Fusil
ade
Max
Kerb
Flo
Mutu
al
Auro
s
Huss
ar
Axia
l
CTU
Sple
ndor
Herb
aflex
Winter wheat Spring Pea Spring Barley
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Her
bici
de e
ffic
accy
Results & discussionLolium Density at harvest
Testig
o (Tri
go)
Auros
(Trig
o)
Atlant
is (trig
o)
Broad
way (tri
go)
Calib
an du
o (trig
o)
CTU (tr
igo)
Testig
o (gu
isante
)
Aramo 5
0 (gui
sante)
Fusila
de max
(guis
ante)
Kerb
flo (g
uisan
te)
Mutual
(guisa
nte)
Auros
(guis
ante)
Testig
o (Ceb
ada)
Hussar
(Cebada
Axial
(Ceb
ada)
CTU (c
ebada)
Splen
dor (C
ebad
a)
Herbafl
ex (C
ebada
)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100a
bbc
cdde
efg
de
effg fg
g g
fgfg fg fg fg
g
L. r
igid
um p
lant
s/m
2
Results & discussion
Testig
o (Tri
go)
Auros
(Trig
o)
Atlant
is (trig
o)
Broad
way (tri
go)
Calib
an du
o (trig
o)
CTU (tr
igo)
Testig
o (gu
isante
)
Aramo 5
0 (gui
sante)
Fusila
de max
(guis
ante)
Kerb
flo (g
uisant
e)
Mutual (
guisan
te)
Auros
(guis
ante)
Testig
o (Ceb
ada)
Hussar
(Cebada
Axial
(Ceb
ada)
CTU (c
ebada
)
Splen
dor (C
ebad
a)
Herbafl
ex (Ce
bada
)0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
c cb
bc bca
b b b ba a
a a ab
ab
Yiel
d (k
g/ha
)
Conclusions1. The effect of sowing in late January have been enough to
avoid applying herbicides against L. rigidum in barley crop
2. In this test, low efficacy has been achieved with ALS and ACCase inhibitors due resistance to these groups of herbicides
3. Auros and Kerb efficacy was conditioned by the drought at winter in the application time
4. Only Mutual and Auros in spring pea, have been achieved efficaccy up to 90%
Conclusions5. 90 plants/m2 of L. rigidum in winter wheat justify a
treatment for control it
6. 15 plants/m2 of L. rigidum in spring barley not justify a herbicide treatment
7. 10 plants/m2 of L. rigidum in spring pea justify a treatment for controlling it
8. If this field, infested by a Lolium herbicide resistant biotype, it was not economically justified a treatment with an herbicide which the weed has developed resistance. In this case, the best solution has been the crop change.