Interactive Digital TV learning and mobile learning – recent efforts

18.04.2007 IST4Balt Workshop “Towards an Information Society in the Baltic States”

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IST4Balt Workshop, April 18, 2007 Riga, Latvia

Interactive Digital TV learning and mobile learning –

recent efforts

Interactive Digital TV learning and mobile learning –

recent efforts

Mr. Bruno Zuga, Dr. Atis Kapenieks,,Riga Technical University, LATVIA

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Mr. Bruno Zuga, Dr. Atis Kapenieks,,Riga Technical University, LATVIA




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Outline of the presentation

27-31.08.2006 IST4Balt Workshop “Towards an Information Society in the Baltic States”

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• Why iDTV learning? Why now?

• Why mobile learning? Why now?

• Instructional television: History and lessons learned;

• Mobile learning – a further development of e-learning

• Recent projects at Riga Technical university– 6th Framework project Enhanced Learning Unlimited (ELU);– A national research project for mobile learning development

(PUMPURS);



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Why iDTV learning? Why now?

• There are successful existing TV programmes;• TV with remote control familiar and widely used tool;• TV is good at influencing peoples attitudes;• Household penetration of Digital TV is high in some EU

countries and growing in others;• Ability to add limited interactivity via return channel;• Analogue switch-off for EU member states is scheduled for

time period from 2007 to 2015 in EU member states;

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[1] eMobility - Mobile and Wireless Communications Technology Platform, Strategic Research Agenda Vision 4, November 23, 2005.


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Source: (Orava & Perttula, 2004; Peters, 2006; WG-RRC-06, 2006; www.dvb.org, 2007b).


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History and lessons of TV based learning• Beginning in 1932 by State University Iowa• Research in Educational films since 1910• Key advantages over film:

– Ability to deliver audiovisual presentation over a distance;– Ability to reach masses widely and sometimes instantly.

• Hundreds of millions spent on education television from 1950 to 1970

• Carnegie Commission in 1967 concludes: role of educational television minor one, reasons:

– Mediocre quality, focus on presenting “talking heads”;– Unwillingness of teachers to TV in their classrooms– High cost of installation and maintenance of a television system– High cost of quality material production– Inability of television to support various learning scenarios (e.g. lack of

interactivity)


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Overcoming TV limitations

• Combination with other technologies telephone, fax, etc.;• VCRs allowed to do delayed video watching and re-watching;• Interactive support was added by the Internet. Content on the

web site “allowed students to interact with the program in more meaningful way”;

• Digital video recording and video compression standards;• Latest research show that mobile technologies can be used

to effectively support iDTV interaction.


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Becoming Interactive• First interactive show “Winky Dink and You” in 1953 by CBS• In 1964 AT&T presents picture phone – two way audiovisual

system• 1970s UK launches Videotex service combined television and

telephone line – forerunner of online services• 1980s Qube by Warner Cable had STB provided two way

interactivity – terminated – costs too high to produce interactive content

• 1980s Indax and Time inc supported banking shopping and educational content.

• 1980 an experimental project HI-OVIS carried out in Japan for setting up and mantaining analogue fibre optic system supporting two way interactivity.


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Why mobile learning? Why now?

• EU policy has a strong vision “By the year 2020 mobile and wireless communications will play a central role in all aspects of European citizen lives” [1];

• Significant part of workforce is mobile;• Work becomes knowledge intensive;• Mobile device have outsold PCs three times;• Computing power of mobile units becomes comparable to

desktop units of 7-10 years ago;• Mobile units becoming more and more affordable.• There is a growing interest on using mobile technologies in

knowlemdge acquisition.

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[1] eMobility - Mobile and Wireless Communications Technology Platform, Strategic Research Agenda Vision 4, November 23, 2005.


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What is mobile learning anyway?

• Learning that takes place with help of mobile technologies

• Any sort of learning when a learner is not at a fixed of predetermined location [2]

• Often we see m-learning as a further development of technology enhanced learning.

[2] O’Malley, C., G. Vavoula, J. P. Glew, J. Taylor, M. Sharples, and P. Lefrere, "WP4 –Guidelines for learning / teaching / tutoring in a mobile environment.," Deliverable D4.1. project IST MOBIlearn, 2003


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Mobile Units Forecasted and Sold in the World

0

200

400

600

800

1 000

1 200U

nits

Sol

d [M

ilons

]

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Years

Forecast in 2005Real data

Source: http://www.gartner.com


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Subscriber statistics of GSM and 3GSM

Source: http://www.gsmworld.com


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Availability of other types of wireless networks

• According to the Forecast number of WiFi access points have exceeded 200 000 in the world;

• Bluetooth is being built in nearly all mobile units sold today;• WiMax mobile and other wireless technologies (with certain

advantages and disadvantages for learning) are soon to enter the wireless marketplace.


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Restrictions for mobile learning

• Minimal possibilities for user terminal upgrade;• Connection problems (limited or expensive transfer

of data);• Limited memory and processing power;• Data input problems;• Data display problems;• Limited time to work on a charged battery.


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Overview of T-learning system

6th Framework Research Project - Enhanced Learning Unlimited (ELU) IST-4-027866


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PUMPURS - a national research project on m-learning services*

• M-learning module delivery and exchange technologies

• M-course organisation and distribution approaches• M-course design and development• Methodologies and technologies for collaborative

learning and virtual workgroups• Knowledge creation models in a mobile Era• Platforms for m-learning in a mobile society

Pētījumi m-studiju produktu un pakalpojumu izstrādei Latvija atbilstoši multimediju, telemātikas un telekomunikāciju attīstības līmenim“ (PUMPURS), VPD1/ERAF/CFLA/05/APK/2.5.1./000078/038


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Conclusions

• Both technologies are widely accessible and more widespread than PCs currently therefore can be used as a tools for social inclusion;

• iDTV learning and m-learning could be used complementary for teaching and learning purposes;

• Technologies can be integrated in course content delivery and interactivity provision building on their individual strengths;


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Mr. Bruno Zuga, Dr. Atis Kapenieks,Riga Technical University, LATVIA


Mr. Bruno Zuga, Dr. Atis Kapenieks,Riga Technical University, LATVIA



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Documents

Interactive Digital TV learning and mobile learning – recent efforts