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Interagency Contingency Planning and Emergency Preparedness:Challenges and Lessons Learnt
V. Harutyunyan M.D.Head of Health / Merlin
Global Nutrition Cluster Annual MeetingGeneva, 9 – 11 July 2013
Contingency Planning and Emergency Preparedness: definitions
Contingency planning is a management tool used to analyse the impact of potential crises and ensure that adequate and appropriate arrangements are made in
advance to respond in a timely, effective and appropriate way to the needs of the affected population(s). (IASC)
Emergency preparedness consists of all activities taken in anticipation of a crisis to expedite effective emergency
response. This includes contingency planning, but is not limited to it. (HPN paper No59)
Relevance of the Issue
EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database
Relevance of the Issue
Commonly accompanied by food scarcity (Sphere 2011)
Disaster Data: A Balanced Perspective. Cred Crunch issue 31. March 2013
Relevance of the Issue
Uppsala Conflict Data Program
Nutrition in disaster prone and conflict affected countries
• GAM is above 10% in 54% of conflict affected and 25% of disaster prone countries
GAM >10% Stunting >40%
Haiti, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Chad, Eritrea, India, Indonesia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Yemen,
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Benin, Burundi, Central African Republic, DR Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, India, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Yemen
Childinfo.org, UNICEFUppsala Conflict Data ProgramEM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database
Overview of Nutrition Cluster Contingency Planning Status (process)
Coordination Arr. Cluster Partner Contacts
Preparedness Actions
Standby Capacities
• 23 humanitarian nutrition coordination groups, including 21 NC-s currently active: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, CAR, Chad, Cote d’Ivoire, DRC, Ethiopia, Guinea, Indonesia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Pacific Region, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Yemen
• Sources of data: UNICEF, OCHA, individual NC web sites, Google search
• Criteria: documented CP, indicative elements of CP, timelines of developing CP
Overview of Nutrition Cluster Contingency Planning Status (results)
6
17
Contingency Plan
Yes No
1
5
Developed within 1 year
Yes No
33
Scenarios / Risk ana-lysis
Yes No
2
4
Response Strategies
Yes No
2
4
Coordination Arr.
Yes No
2
4
Cluster Partner Contacts
Yes No
33
Preparedness Actions
Yes No
2
4
Standby Capacities
Yes No
Challenges• Resistance to conduct Contingency Planning• Increasing number of actors, diversity of approaches
and formats• Complexity of inter-cluster contingency planning • Uneven technical and operational capacities of cluster
partners• Rapid staff turnover, loss of institutional memory• Ambiguity of roles and responsibilities • Weak involvement of government• Limited CP guidance, capacity to facilitate CP• Underfunding
Recommendations / Lessons Learnt• Advocate with the HCT, Donors, cluster partners and
governments in support of CP/EP• Give greater attention to the process of CP• Provide leadership to the CP process and encourage
others to do the same• Integrate CP within response planning cycle
Make CP a participatory, multiagency exercise to:
Secure partners’ buy-in and
support
Mobilize technical and operational capacity of
the cluster
Build Capacities
Enhance quality of humanitarian
response
Increase NCC legitimacy and
teamwork within the NC
Recommendations / Lessons Learnt• Advocate with the HCT, Donors, cluster partners and
governments in support of CP/EP• Give greater attention to the process of CP• Provide leadership to the CP process and encourage
others to do the same• Integrate CP within response planning cycle• Make CP a participatory, multiagency exercise• Agree level of detail in advance, keep it simple• Ensure clear allocation of roles with regard to the CP• Regularly test and update CP
Discussion• What challenges have you faced with enhancing
preparedness of nutrition cluster / sector to respond to new emergencies?
• How you have addressed them?• What GNC can do to facilitate / improve country level
Nutrition Clusters contingency planning?