International Terrorism As a World Political Issue

A.R.Dulanjani

Temporary Assistant LecturerDept Of Public Policy

Contents

• Introduction About the Issue • Defining the Terrorism • Brief Introduction about history of Terrorism • Identify Its objectives • Identify Its Characteristics• Understanding Causes of Terrorism• Understanding Types of Terrorism • Terrorism Groups • Understanding the new situations of International

Terrorism in the world • Proposals to prevent International Terrorism

Introduction About the Issue

Terrorism is a term that is not unknown, but a term that is well known through out the world. Ever since

9/11 has happened, Terrorists attacks have increased dramatically.

Why is terrorism considered to be problem?

Terrorism is a problem because it causing deaths of innocent people to increase,instills fear within the people

in targeted countries, increase of terrorits attacks, and is a costly issue.

Terrorism is not a minor problem that can be solved with just one solution, terrorism is an issue that is more

complicated and harder to find a solution for it to come to an end. It is an issue that is well known not only in America,

but also in third world countries. Some third world countries are run by terrorism causing its people to live in fear; fear

of not knowing if they are going to live or die. Terrorism is problem that is bigger than words can describe.

Terrorist attacks and deaths of victims of terrorism has and continues to increase. For example, in the near

eastern region, FBI statistics reveal there were 5,528 deaths and 4,594 terrorist attacks according to the 2008 statistics

gathered (fbi.gov/stats). This is an example how immense of an issue terrorism is because more innocent lives are being

taken as well as terrorist attacks increasing. Terrorism does not just effect one type of region, but all regions world wide.

Targeting innocent civi l ians during a war or during peace t ime with the ult imate goal of creating psychological fear on civil ians .

Defining the Terrorism Terrorism is difficult to define, even the various law enforcement branches of the U.S. government cannot agree on one single definition. The old adage, "One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter" is still very much alive and well today.

• Walter Laqueur: “Terrorism is the use or the threat of the use of violence, a method of combat, or a strategy to achieve certain targets… [I]t aims to induce a state of fear in the victim, that is ruthless and does not conform with humanitarian rules… [P]ublicity is an essential factor in the terrorist strategy.”

• Bruce Hoffman: “Terrorism is ineluctably political in aims and motives, violent—or, equally important, threatens violence, designed to have far-reaching psychological repercussions beyond the immediate victim or target, conducted by an organization with an identifiable chain of command or conspiratorial cell structure (whose members wear no uniform or identifying insignia), and perpetrated by a subnational group or non-state entity.”

• David Rapoport: terrorism is “the use of violence to provoke consciousness, to evoke certain feelings of sympathy and revulsion.”

• Yonah Alexander: terrorism is “the use of violence against random civilian targets in order to intimidate or to create generalized pervasive fear for the purpose of achieving political goals.”

Identify Its objectives

All terrorist acts are motivated by two things :

• Social and political injustice: People choose terrorism when they are trying to right what they perceive to be a social or political or historical wrong—when they have been stripped of their land or rights, or denied these.

• The belief that violence or its threat will be effective, and usher in change.

Identify Its Characteristics

• intimidate or coerce a civilian population;• influence the policy of a government by

intimidation or coercion; or• affect the conduct of a government by mass

destruction, assassination, or kidnapping

• Religious Fundamentalism• Alienation/Discrimination• Ethno Nationalism• Political Power • Annoyance

TYPES OF TERRORISM

Bio Terrorism Nuclear Terrorism Chemical Terrorism Cyber Terrorism Eco Terrorism

Effectiveness of Bioterrorism

Nuclear Terrorism

Mumbai Attack

Effectiveness of International Politics

• If ISIS or any other muslim built a World State of Sunni muslim it will be a great danger moment for the world poliical system

• Western political power is in danger • Population issues • Will be Expanding power of Russia & discreasing of American political

power • Religious Fundementalism will be effect to whole world • Shariya law system will be engaged to the International system of Law • International displaced persons are will be Increasing • Effect to the world and state Economy

Some Incidents of Terrorism• April 2, 2015“Al-Shabab gunmen attacked a college campus in the town of

Garissa in northeast Kenya ,killing at least 147 people in a bloody attack on students, authorities said.

• Nigeria: 20 shot dead in suspected Boko Haram attack as army gives final warningAt least 20 people have been shot dead in northern Nigeria by suspected members of terror group Boko Haram. The attack occurred outside the Jingalta village in the restive Borno state, the epicentre of the group's insurgency.

• AUG. 26: ISIS Releases Images Showing Destruction of Palmyra Temple 0:17

Prevention Of Terrorism

• Actions for prevent terrorism

Addressing leaders and delegates at the 10th East Asia Summit here on Sunday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi while calling on ASEAN and EAS to continue to play a leading and central role in realising the vision of broader regional integration and cooperation, also said there was a need for building a new global resolve and new strategies to combat terrorism, without balancing it against political considerations.  (November 22, 2015)