Internship Report on Injecting Drug Users of Punjab

8/12/2019 Internship Report on Injecting Drug Users of Punjab

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I M R B I n t e r n a t i o n a l

[ + 9 1 9 6 5 3 3 6 1 2 0 8 ]

[ T y p e t h e f a x n u ! e r ]

[ " i # $ t h e % a t e ]

Sanjay Giri Goswami

[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is

typically a short summary of the contents of the document.

Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is

typically a short summary of the contents of the document.

Summer Internship

Report


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R&"'RT '(

)*MM&R I(T&R()I"

By

)an,ay -iri -o./ai

report .u!itte% in partial fulfilent of the reuireent. of MB

"rora of T In.titute4 alan%har

t

In%ian Mar$etin Re.ear#h Bureau I7M7R7B

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Acknowledgement

...3!

"hapter 1. "ertificate of Training "ompletion..

........................##

"hapter 2. $ntroduction to corporate and %roup of "ompanies...

...&1!

About $'()

$nternational

1#1*

"hapter 3. +i,ision in -hich training was

"ompleted..12/

"hapter !. 0rganiational "hart of the firm

$'()2121

"hapter #. unctioning of +epartments in

"ompany.222!

"hapter &. -0T

Analysis.2#

2&

"RT B

3


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"hapter 1. About Training

4ro5ect..2*32

"hapter 2. 4A teps and

'ethods33#

"hapter 3. (esults and

indings&/&/

"hapter !.

)ibliography

..&1&1


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irst of all8 $ would take this opportunity to thank 'r. Amandip ingh9ield 'anager: for gi,ing me a wonderful topic to work on. $t was areal ,alue added e6perience for ha,ing worked under stewardship ofhim. 'r. Amandip ingh for being my mentor8 without whose supportthis pro5ect would ha,e been de,oid of any progress8 what so e,er. 'r.4ardeep ethi 9ield "ontroller: constructi,e comments and

contributions had been of immense help for gi,ing a tangible shape tothis pro5ect report

$ also take this opportunity for e6pressing my special thanks to 'iss;onica and 'r. ailesh Tripathi my for ?A"0 and the learning so obtained fromit could be of great use when put in practice.

7ast but not the least@ $m thankful to the whole organiation for makingmy stay at $'() $nternational8 7udhiana branch8 a memorable one.

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"T&R 2

Intro%u#tion to orporate an% -roup of opanie.

$'() is part of the ;antar %roup8 the information8 insight andconsultancy wing of the -44 %roup.

!out =""

-44=ire an% "la.ti# "ro%u#t. pl# is one of the worldBs largestcommunications ser,ices groups8 employing 11/8/// people in town andassociate companies8 working in o,er 28/// offices in 1/& countries.-ithin -448 clients ha,e access to companies of all the necessarymarketing and communications skills. This offers clients a

comprehensi,e and8 when appropriate8 integrated range ofcommunications ser,ices.


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+ata capture and handling

trategic research

"ustomer handling

Mi..ion

To de,elop and manage talent@ to apply that talent8 throughout theworld8 for the benefit of clients@ to do so in partnership@ to do so withprofit.

Millward Brown Group

'ill wards )rown %roup 9')%:@ based in ?aper,ille8 $llinois8 wasfounded in -arwick8 Cngland in 1G3 and acFuired by -44 %roup in1*. 'illward )rown pro,ides a range of Fualitati,e8 Fuantitati,e andconsulting ser,ices with respect to brands8 marketing communicationsmedia and marketing effecti,eness. 'illward )rown works across a widerange of industries and categories8 including brand strategy ande6perience8 creati,e de,elopment and campaign e,aluation8 consumerneeds and ,alues8 media planning and strategy8 return on in,estment9(0$: and forecasting8 and in,estment management8 brand ,aluationand analytics through its ') 0ptima unit headed by Hoanna eddon.

Research International

(esearch $nternational 9($: was founded in 1G38 and has been part of

the -44 %roup since 1*. )ob 'eyers is the current "C0 for(esearch $nternational. $t has offices in #G countries8 and its globaheadFuarters are in 7ondon. ($ Eualitati,e is the groups Fualitati,eresearch arm. ($ pro,ides marketing knowledge created in response toindi,idual clients needs with answers to specific business problems8 andgenerates insights into consumers and markets. $t has e6perience inmost ma5or sectors8 particularly consumer packaged goods8 retail8 new

G


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media8 financial ser,ices8 energy and utilities8 technology andtelecommunications.

($s ser,ices are structured around si6 main practice areasD consumerunderstanding@ branding and communication@ inno,ation8 channe

management@ new media@ and customer relationships and ser,icemeasurement. $n each area8 the ser,ices offered draws on the firmsworldwide knowledge bases and include both custom approaches and isown techniFues. Among the latter are Equity Engine 9brand eFuitymanagement:8 Micro Test 9new product de,elopment and salesforecasting:8 Brand Sight Gallery 9an internationally ,alidated ,isuasystem for e6ploring brand personality:8 7ocator 9brand positioningoptimiation: and Loyalty Driver 9e,aluating and managing customerloyalty:.

BMRB International

)'() is one of the leading market research agencies in the I;. $tshead office is in 7ondon. )'() 7imited is registered in Cngland withcompany number 2G#3/!. JAT numberD !# 3!! 22. As one of the I;sleading market research agencies8 we are committed to running the"ompany in a way which is safe for the en,ironment whilst maintainingthe highest Fuality of ser,ice to our clients. )'() pro,ides high Fualityresearch solutions. -e offer a range of approaches including researchand consultancy8 syndicated data and costeffecti,e omnibus research.-e are one of the leading market research agencies in the I; and are akey operating company within the 'illward )rown %roup which8 in turn8is part of ;antar8 -44Bs insight8 information and consultancy di,ision.

The information that we collect is processed and used toD

pro,ide an efficient and user friendly ser,ice@ administer your orders8 reFuests and Fueries@

pro,ide information on selected productsKser,ices that may be ofrele,ance to you@

*
http://www.bmrb.co.uk/about/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/about/


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assist in our de,elopment of and to audit usage of our site@

)'()s specialisms areD

)rand owner insight "ustomer

Cmployee

Cn,ironment

'edia

0mnibus

ocial

ports

T%$

MRB

Cstablished in 18 A'() is an associate company of $'()$nternational and offers market research ser,ices across the 'iddle Castand ?orth Africa region. -e pro,ide research consultancy for bothgeneral and specialied needs. A'() is headFuartered in :u!ai8 *&from where we ser,ice %ulf markets8 the 7e,ant region 97ebanon8Hordan and yria:8 $ran and 4akistan. -e also ha,e full .eri#e offi#e.in e%%ah 9for audi Arabia: an% airo9for Cgypt and ?orth Africa:.

A'() has its own field offices in audi Arabia8 Cgypt and $ran and workwith fieldwork partners in other markets. A'() has worked on pro5ectsfor both multinational and local clients in )ahrain8 Cgypt8 $ran8 Hordan8;uwait8 7ebanon8 'orocco8 0man8 4akistan8 Eatar8 audi Arabia8 yriaTunisia8 and IAC.

-ith an established field network8 knowledge of local culture
http://www.bmrb.co.uk/enlightenment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/enlightenment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/customer/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/employee/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/environment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/environment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/media/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/omnibus/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/social/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/social/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/sports/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/tgi/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/tgi/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/enlightenment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/customer/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/employee/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/environment/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/media/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/omnibus/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/social/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/sports/http://www.bmrb.co.uk/tgi/


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normati,e databases and an international toolkit of research methods8A'() is uniFuely positioned to pro,ide inno,ati,e solutions to anymarketing issue. A'()8 in association with other ;A?TA( %roupcompanies offer se,eral pro,en methodologies in the 'iddle Cast and?orth Africa regionD

$n association with 'illward )rown8 A'() offers Ad,ancedTracking 4rograms 9AT4s:8 )rand +ynamics and 7$?; copytesting.

$n association with (esearch $nternational8 A'() pro,idese6pertise in imulated Test 'arketing 9'icro Test:8 hopper(esearch 9"AT'A?: and 4ricing (esearch 9using specialiedmodels:.

A'() is a member of the -alker $nformation %lobal network and offer

programs to help in 'anaging takeholder (elationships.

..o#iate. an% ffiliate #opanie.@ A $'() $nternational has acted as a catalyst in thede,elopment of market research infrastructure in neighbouring countries.-e work with associate companies in ri 7anka 97anka 'arket(esearch )ureau: and in the 'iddle Cast 9Arab 'arket (esearch)ureau:8 and through affiliates in Australia8 ingapore8 'alaysia8

Thailand8 $ndonesia8 4hilippines8 Cgypt8 Tunisia8 ?epal8 4akistan8)angladesh and 'yanmar.

=al$er Inforation -lo!al (et/or$ =I-( "ustomer atisfaction 'anagement L 'easurement9"'':8 one of the specialist units of $'() $nternational8 is ane6clusi,emember of -alker $nformation %lobal ?etwork 9-$%?: in the

$ndian subcontinent. -alker $nformation %lobal ?etwork is the onlyinternational partnership dedicated e6clusi,ely to stakeholdermeasurement and management. "'' uses proprietary toolsde,eloped by -alker $nformation8 the recognied pioneer in customersatisfaction. own $nternational

1/


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i.tori#al !a#$roun% of the roup

1985

'artin orrell takes stake in -ire and 4lastic 4roducts 4lc 8 a I;manufacturer of wire baskets8 following his search for a public entitythrough which to build a worldwide marketing ser,ices company

1986A8C

orrell becomes chief e6ecuti,e of the renamed -44 %roup. )uildsbelowtheline capabilities with acFuisition of marketing ser,icescompanies in the I; and I

198C

AcFuires H. -alter Thompson %roup for M#&&m8 including ad

agency H-T 8 4( firm


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interests.

199C

$ntroduces worldwide stock option program for all -44 people7aunches new generation media planning8 buying and researchcompany 'indhare 8 in Curope and Asia $n,ests in )atey


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choen L )erland8 'H'8 J'78 insbury8 %lendinning and Piment.

2002

trengthens presence in "hina and Taiwan through stakes inhanghai Ad,ertising Agency8


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200C to %ate

-44 +igital created to harness digital media opportunities@ formsfurther digital partnerships with Hump Tap 8 icon mobile and metrics -44announces "02 reduction targets and introduces carbon offset program.

)eri#e. offere% !y the roup @A

The ;antar %roup is the umbrella name for an e6tensi,e worldwidenetwork of specialist information8 research and consultancy agenciesowned by marketing giant -44. ;antar has one of the worldBs largestresearch8 insight and consultancy networks. $t helps clients make betterbusiness decisions through a deeper understanding of their marketstheir brands and their customers. $t helps clients to find better ways to

answer business Fuestions. ;antar brings together a di,erse group ofoutstanding marketing insight and consulting companies each ane6pert in their field who can work together seamlessly to help clientsaddress business issues in a holistic and strategic way. ;antar has 1&/offices8 in &/ countries worldwide.

%%e% Ealue -roup

Added Jalue offers brand de,elopment and marketing insightser,ices to bluechip companies across all industry sectors. $t starts withinsight and ends with action@ in pursuit of healthy brand growth for itsclients. Added Jalue %roup fuses brand marketing8 consumer insight8inno,ation8 and communications optimiation to help sol,e clientsmarketing problems. $t is one of the largest insightled brandconsultancies in the world.

=T

The worldBs first global brand communication company thatpro,ides its clients with both short term sales success and long termbrand ,alue. H.-alter Thompson was founded in 1*&!8 with 2!& officesglobally and more than 2// employees. H-TBs proprietary planning

1!


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process8 Thomson total branding in now installed in all offices worldwideguarantying a uniform le,el of e6cellence in the de,elopment of )randJision8 a )randing $dea and Total "ommunication 4lan.

!out IMRB International$'() is the ,ision of 'r. ubhas %hoshal8 the legendary head of


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fosters inno,ation and we also contribute to academia and policymakers. -e ha,e de,eloped a sustainable working en,ironment that isgood and fair to us and our clients. -e ha,e the largest team ofresearchers and analysts with around ! decades of leadership in theregion. -e ha,e 2& offices in 12 countries each of them eFuipped with

specialied units by research methods and industry sector. -e ha,e !.!million customer interactions e,ery year.

Their Metho%. an% "hilo.ophy

0ur perspecti,e is uniFue. 0ur approach is refreshing. And our solutionspro,ide a comprehensi,e response to our clients needs8 not packageddata but custom solutions for clients. -e offer ser,ices with theintegration of Fualitati,e and Fuantitati,e tools.

-e are designed in $ndia for $ndia8 our measures and scales are createdto ma6imie sensiti,ity. -e work together with T%$8 -eb$8 $'() (etail8'arket 4ulse8 $T04 and $"I)C. 0ur passion is to dri,e your businessgrowth by combining consumer understanding and brand knowledge

with intuition and inno,ation.

Their #hieeent. A Their -oal.

$'() has demonstrated its ,ision and leadership in the $ndian market byestablishing se,eral industry wide measurements and rating systems.?otable amongst these is our pioneering role in establishing $ndias firstTJ rating system 9TA': and the creation of social economicclassification 9C": system in $ndia.

-e ha,e won se,eral prestigious awards. Amongst them the mostnoteworthy being the '( Agency of the year from 2//#2//. -e ha,epresented cutting edge research for se,eral years at international forums

including C0'A( and won awards for our efforts. -e ha,e also beenawarded the -44s Atticus award 5ointly with H-T.

Their lient.

0ur top clients include )AT %roup8 )harti %roup8 "adbury8 ord %roup8rito 7ay8 %la6o mith line8


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)rown8 ?estle8 4epsi %roup8 (eckitt )enckiser8 (esearch $nternational8TJ 'otors8 Inile,er %roup8 and JT and so on.

A few words from two of our esteemed clients:

=As a team they produce thoughtful proposals8 e6cellent fieldwork andpresentations. They are constantly in,ol,ed in the work. They feel like a,ersion of our own office>

=$'() showed a high degree of professionalism8 rigor and discipline. Ane6cellent le,el of client ser,icing8 need fulfilment8 proacti,eness andanalytical focus.>

IMRB (: T&IR ERI'*) :IEI)I'()@

IMRB is di,ided into 11 specialied I?$T

!a#u. Bu.ine.. 'peration. B'@ Abacus )usiness

0perationsD A)0 is an $0 //1D2//* certified specialist unit of$'() $nternational. $t has the largest "ustom research fieldworkand data collection capabilities in the country. -ith o,er 2// fulltime employees managing and super,ising the work of o,er !///inter,iewers on any gi,en day8 we conduct o,er ! million inter,iewsannually. 0,er and abo,e this8 they inter,iew another 1.# million Otelephonically.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ !a#u. Mar$et naly.i.A

A)A"I 'A(;CT A?A7NT$" unit offers a wide range ofser,ices to all the research units in $'(). These include dataprocessing8 charting8 statistical analysis8 database managementand updation8 software de,elopment and testing.

!a#u. Re.ear#h@ Abacus (esearch looks after the domestic and

$nternational ield and tab business. They ser,ice "lients and1G


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(esearch Agencies which ha,e their own (esearch set up and onlywant the data collected and clean data sent to them. Abacus(esearch has a team of e6pert 4ro5ect 'anagement C6ecuti,es ledby a seasoned and highly e6perienced 0perations +irector.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ BIR:A )$(+8 the )usiness L

$ndustrial (esearch +i,ision of $'() $nternational8 is the marketresearch and consultancy di,ision ser,icing )2) and industrialmarkets. or catering to technology markets including $T hardware8software L ser,ices and Telecommunication8 there is an e6clusi,eeTechnology %roup within )$(+.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ B)-A The )rand cience %roup

9)%: is a new unit at $'() $nternational that primarily focuses on)rand and "ommunication (esearch. 0,er the last few years $'()

)rand cience has been working towards the de,elopment of,arious tools that would help us get a better understanding of the)rand and its communication in an $ndian "onte6t.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ )MMA "ustomer atisfaction

'anagement L 'easurement 9"'': is an independent8 specialist

unit of $'() $nternational. "'' is an e6clusi,e member of the-alker $nformation %lobal ?etwork 9-$%?: in the $ndiansubcontinent.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ Me%ia n% "anel -roupA 'edia

and 4anel is an independent8 specialist unit of $'() $nternational8incorporated in 12. '4% handles different kinds of research both

syndicated and customied. '4% has ! different ,erticalsD"onsumer 4anel 9'arket 4ulse:8 (etail Init8 'edia Init8 'anTechoftware and ystems.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@ "GRA 4robe Eualitati,e (esearch

1*


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is one of $ndiaBs leading Fualitati,e research groups and hase6ecuti,es specially trained in $ndia and o,erseas in Fualitati,eresearch methods. +rawing on learning from ethnography8psychology and anthropology. $t has created an array of ,alidatedtoolkits.

IMRB International :ii.ion.@Gualitatie Re.ear#hA $'()

$nternationalBs "ustomied Euantitati,e (esearch +i,ision offerscustom research solutions using Fuantitati,e methods to clients in$ndia and abroad through its fi,e offices in 'umbai8 +elhi8 ;olkata8)angalore and "hennai.

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:IEI)I'( I( =I TRI(I(- =) 'M"&T&:@

The branch in which the training was done Abacus )usiness 0perations)ranch 0ffice 7udhiana as a $C7+ (CCA("


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member of Team after clearing up of series of inter,iews for the timespan from 2'ay2/13 to 11Hune2/13.

This )ranch deals with the ,arious "ustomer researches andthe ieldwork for +ATA "077C"T$0? related to any particular pro5ect.

This branch is unctioning since past G years till date. The irm hasinternalK4ermanent staff of * persons while the ree lancing membersworking for the organiation are appro6imately 3//. The staffs of thepermanent members are the ones who stay at office and work there

while the rest 3// are the employees that are working in the organiationsince the beginning of the di,ision till date. The ma5or responsibility ofthe ree 7ancing staff are to do the field ur,eys or the ield researchesand collect the responses or the data related to any sur,ey being carriedon by the di,ision and later the data collected is sent to either the clientor the +ATA 4(0"C$?% units of $'() which are in +elhi8 'umbai84une8 ;olkata8 )angalore. ree lancers are the staff members of thecompany which work here as 4art Timers8 they are not pro,ided with anyfi6ed schedule but ha,e to work according to the present consignmentthat they are working for. The "ompany is presently participating in the4A 94reur,eillance assessment: sur,ey for ?A"0 for their upcoming$)) 9$ntegrated )iological and )eha,ioural sur,eillance: of the


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where the inter,iews were to conducted and then synchronie withthe in,ol,ed persons as per their schedule and make sure that theyare a,ailable on time

2. 'oderatorD The inter,iewer in the team with the responsibility toconduct and coordinate with the respondents in,ol,ed in ,ariousinter,iews. All the inter,iews which were conducted were

commenced and carried on by the moderator

3. ?ote TakerD The ?oteTaker had the responsibility to take down allthe notes and whate,er con,ersation moderator and the group or asingle respondent had in order to keep a record and present in afinal and presentable format in form of soft copy.

"T&R D

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"T&R 5

>*(TI'(I(- '> T& :&"RTM&(T) I( 'M"(H

There are basically 3 departments in the company namely the ield

+epartment8 Administrati,e +epartment8 "ommercial department.

>iel% :epartent @

ield department is responsible for the completion of the pro5ect.

22

4ar,een

;umar


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ield department has field controller for its smooth working. $'()7udhiana which is one of the fifteen field offices of $'() international in$ndia8 has ield "ontroller. The ield "ontroller who takes care of aparticular pro5ect is called C6ecuti,e in "harge 9C$":.

R'& '> &I9 C6ecuti,e in charge: D

B&>'R& "R'&T@ Inderstanding of the pro5ect needs and clarification with (esearch

if reFuired. 4reparatory work including translation8 sampling8 cards etc. %et the right type and no. of inter,iewers reFuired keeping the

target date in mind. -ork out the payment rates for inter,iewers and team leaders. i6 a briefing date and brief. 'ock "alls.

:*RI(- "R'&T To gi,e TAK+A in ad,ance as per need. +ay to day report.

tatus report to (esearch. tatus re,iew and action. crutiny. )ack checks. +ispatch in lots on 'ediumK7arge 5obs. "lear the TAK+A of the freelancerKTeam 7eader.

>T&R "R'&T

+ispatch of materials with suggestions if any for future pro5ects. crutinie indi,idual bills submitted by freelancers and ensure that

they get their payments on time. inal mail to (esearcher about the completion of pro5ect.

%ini.tratie :epartent @

23


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Administrati,e +epartment takes care that e,erything in thefield office is going according to the norms and procedure. $t keepscheck on all the acti,ities of the office.

ATTC?+C?"C (C%$TC(D Anybody who comes to the office8

heKshe has to sign in the attendance register stating clearly theperson heKshe wants to meet.

7ATC CJC?$?% A?+


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r

4atna "ochin

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"T&R 1

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%i,en the low le,el and concentrated nature of


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neighbouring districts within a geographical region in a state are grouped

to form a domain. After creating a uni,erse of potential domains for each

risk group8 domains for 4A are selected randomly to ensure regional

representation from a state. "ertain districts of epidemiologica

importance ha,e been purposefully added in some states. A detailed note

on the methodology used in selecting domains for $)) has beenseparately prepared.

4A is primarily an acti,ity to arri,e at a consensus on the estimated ") "reA.ureillan#e ..e..ent@

The broad ob5ecti,es of 4A areD

1. easibility assessment for implementing the sur,ey in selected

domains

2G


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2. Inderstanding the background characteristics of study population in a

domain 9to plan $)) implementation and to obtain conte6tual

information for interpretation of $)) results subseFuently:

3. "ommunity sensitiation and preparation before sur,ey rollout

pecific ob5ecti,es of 4A include the followingD

1. Arri,e at a consensus on the sie of risk groups in a domain8 including

assessment of rural


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"urpo.e@4reparatory acti,ities aim to facilitate the process and planning

for successful conduct of 4A.

:e.#ription@A number of broad acti,ities are reFuired to establish the

key processes outlined in 4A operational plan and to initiate planning for

the conduct of 4A.

The domains where 4A is to be conducted were finalied. These

selected domains for 4A formed the uni,erse of domains where $))

could potentially be conducted. The 4A process in these domains will

pro,ide data on the feasibility of $)) in these domains.

?A"0s Technical Ad,isory %roup 9TA%: re,iewed the 4A protoco

and guidelines and pro,ided inputs for finaliation and appro,al.

imultaneously8 administrati,e processes to ha,e the regional institutes

on board for $)) would be ongoing and get finalied.

4A reFuired targeted inter,ention 9T$: and tate A$+ "ontrol ociety

9A": units to be engaged pro,ide secondary data as well as support

the implementation of 4A and $)). To facilitate this8 letters of

reFuest for support and list of data reFuirements were sent to A".

The central core team engaged and coordinated the process ofsecondary data collection with support from regional institutes. This

data will be re,iewed and analyed to inform 4A field acti,ities.

?ationalle,el sensitiation meeting of A" and regional institutes

were conducted to present detailed methodology and plans for

implementation of 4A.

inaliation of 4A teams was a key preparatory acti,ity. Cach 4Ateam comprised of three membersD one member will ha,e primary

e6pertise on communication and facilitation skills 9Team 7eader:@ the

second member will ha,e e6pertise in Fualitati,e data collection and

documentation 9?oteTaker:@ and the third member will ha,e e6pertise

2


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in Fualitati,e research and skills to support field data collection for 4A

9'oderator:.

?ational trainers trained regional institute teams on 4A tools@ the latter

in turn conducted training for regional field 4A teams.

17D ") Metho%oloy an% )tep.

To meet its ob5ecti,es8 4A reFuires an analytical approach that uses

both Fuantitati,e and Fualitati,e tools for collection of primary and

secondary data. The design for 4A includesD

9i: ystematic desk re,iew of the a,ailable literature specific to

districts in a domain@9ii: Euantitati,e data collection from T$s@

9iii: ield work@ and

9i,: Analysis and report from 4A.

9$: C"0?+A(N+ATA"077C"T$0?(0'A" A?+T$

$nformation pertaining to the estimated sie8 co,erage8 typology and

location are usually a,ailable with state andKor district program managersfor targeted inter,entions. As part of 4A8 information about ,arious

aspects of the sie of


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III >I&:='R'R"RIMRH:T'&TI'(

4A includes interactions with ,arious stakeholders at state and district

le,el and collection of information pertaining to ob5ecti,es of the 4A. $t

includes Fualitati,e methods of data collection8 such as group

discussions8 key informant and indepth inter,iews8 as well as

obser,ational ,isits. $t also includes collection and re,iew of documents

a,ailable with stakeholders to strengthen e,idence on feasibility and the

characteristics of


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") )tep. an% Metho%.

27 ") )tep. Metho%. an% Tool.

32


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271 )e#on%ary :ata olle#tion fro )) )tate I:) ontrol

)o#iety an% TI.

"urpo.e@To take stock8 re,iew and analye a,ailable data on


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+ata will be collected separately for each type of


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272 )tep 2@ :e.$ Reie/A

"urpo.e@+esk re,iew aims to re,iew program reports and secondary

information from programs for the districts where 4A is to be conducted.

This helps in better understanding the epidemic scenario indistrictKdomain and other conte6tual information that can aid in planning

$)) field implementation and in data triangulation after completion of

$)).

:e.#ription@+esk re,iew will be the first acti,ity that 4A team members

will be in,ol,ed in8 prior to 4A field ,isit. (e,iew of secondary data can

be a producti,e e6ercise for field teams for collecting information that

helps in better understanding of the districtKdomain and identification of

gaps in information about the districtKdomain. +ifferent types of

information and secondary data may be a,ailable for districtsKdomains8

including reports of studies or program implementation8 sur,ey reports or

scientific publications8 and program implementing partner reportsKplans

from districtsKdomains of interest. +esk re,iew will constitute two broad

areasD re,iew of program data and reports and re,iew of other published

literature.

"rora %ata reie/D The key pro5ect documents that 4A team

members are to re,iew includeD

Annual action plans 9latest tate Action 4lan and8 where a,ailable8

+istrict Action 4lan for the identified districts:

Triangulation reportsKdistrict epidemiological profiles

4roposals de,eloped

?eeds assessments or ) reports

(ecent '$ or pro5ect reports

3#


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The 4A team will re,iew the documents to pull out information that wil

help them to triangulate8 confirm andKor fill the gaps in information about

the districtKdomain. $nformationKdata for the following will be summaried

during desk re,iewD epidemiological information8 details on geographic

locations and co,erage of T$s8 information about T$s and stakeholders8

conte6tual and logistical information. A list of information that can becollected during desk re,iew is pro,ided in the ") :e.$ Reie/

he#$li.t.

$nformation that can be obtained from different program documentsD

$nformation on sie and ser,ice uptake8 T$related information8 program

co,erage and epidemiological information on the district can be

compiled from state or districtle,el action plans. Triangulation reports may be dated but can pro,ide useful data on sie

estimates of


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district of interest. These can be summaried in the following format as

part of 4A report.

"ro#e.. of %e.$ reie/ an% preparation for fiel% i.it@

4A team is to conduct the desk re,iew by spending two days at state

headFuarters 9at A": or at a district8 prior to starting any fieldwork in

the respecti,e state.

At this time8 the 4A team should ideally summarie a,ailable details

for all the domainsKdistricts in the state 9for the respecti,e


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profile information and general and conte6tual information about the

district9s:.

Euantitati,e information 9in A" and T$ summary sheets: will be

triangulated with information from program document re,iew and

discussions with key officersK'LC personnel.

(e,iew of the information in ")@ Mappin an% TI Inforation )heet is

to be done.

$f all the information in this format has been filled8 the re,iew should

then focus on confirming the numbersKinformation 9through a

discussion:.

$f there are any discrepancies between the information filled and what

is pro,ided at the time of the ,isit8 these should be detailed out alongwith reasons and 5ustification for the discrepancies.

$f there are any information gaps in the format8 these can be discussed

with the A"KTI officers and filled in as reFuired.

$f after discussions the 4A team finds that gaps cannot be filled or

further clarifications are needed8 they can then try to consult with A"

officers to identify the best sources of information and plan for

discussions with them.

'ther ualitatie %ataon


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(e,iew of program documents to get an o,er,iew of the district

scenario and issues

o "onte6tual information on the district

o +istrict epidemiological profile

o 7isting of blocks and towns in the district with


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$f the domain contains ,ery different districts8 field ,isits may be made

to these districts to meet with stakeholders. The decision is to be made

in consultation with state A" nodal person and regional and state

institute super,isors.

273 >I&: ="R< >'R "RIMRH :T '&TI'(@

"urpo.e@ The primary aim of the 4A field ,isit is to collect primary

dataKinformation on iel% Tea Me!er.@

The following are the key responsibilities of 4A field team members

during primary data collectionD

)uild rapport with local districtle,el stakeholders

$nform local stakeholders about $)) and the 4A process

"ollect all rele,ant information and document in prescribed formats

"onduct group discussions and key informant inter,iews with consent8in a non5udgmental manner

Take notes and fill out the 4A formats in pen during inter,iews

Cnsure that all of the collected information remains confidential

"ollect any logistical information for planning

$n,ol,e local A" nodal persons in areas where there are problems

!/


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(eport to super,isors and regional institute contact persons

"omplete the 4A report and all transcripts

or districts where the team has not been able to collect data through

steps 1 and 28 the ") tea .houl% !ein !y #olle#tin the reui.ite

inforation in %ata forat. pre.#ri!e% in the preiou. .e#tion . A

primary list of key informant sources and groups to be met with during4A will include but not be limited to the followingD

"roraAleel repre.entatie. T)* an% :"*at the district le,e

can pro,ide an o,er,iew and conte6t of the district scenario8 key facts

about the inter,ention8 history of programs8 geographic co,erage8 and

gaps in programs etc. in the district.

TI (-'. an% ipleentin partner repre.entatie.8 includingprogram managers and non


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fostering the in,ol,ement of these gatekeepers from the planning

stages will increase the communitys sense of ownership in the study.

'ther $ey inforant.may also be included and met with for collecting

information. These include districtle,el administrationKofficers8 law

enforcement personnel8 local opinion leaders and gatekeepers and

other e6perts on


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informants from other districts 9only when recommended for multiple

district domains:

3: %roup discussion 9homogenous group of


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5ointly or separately for key informants in composite domain districts8

depending on logistics and other constraints.

Ising the list of theme areas and guidelines8 the 4A team members will

ha,e to ensure that comprehensi,e information is collected for therespecti,e domains and


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information8 it should be inFuired about during discussions or brought

up discreetly with the concerned official or most knowledgeable

respondents.

"onflicts may arise during discussion8 gi,en the disagreements and

sensiti,e relationships between participants. These conflicts should be

handled with care. $n such instances8 it is best to take the help of A"or district officers to resol,eKdi,ert from these. $ssues or topics that

create such challenges should not be dwelt upon@ the facilitator must

use skill to ,eer the discussion to the ne6t topic or issue.

%oodKprofessional 5udgment must be used by both facilitator and

documentation team during %+s. The final detailsKFualitati,e

information collected should pro,ide a complete picture of the themes

and guides along with and be well informed with 5ustifications.

4A team members need to ha,e positi,e and constructi,e interactions

with the ?%0s and T$ partners they meet. ince the 4A is only the

first step for $))8 and additional cooperation and support from these

?%0s and indi,iduals would be reFuired during future phases

9sampling frame de,elopment and sur,ey implementation: of $))8

care should be taken to build rapport and elicit cooperation.

276


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collection in the district and8 if reFuired8 again at the end of the field ,isit8

after meeting with all stakeholders8 to clarify any gaps in information.

A minimum of si6 to eight ;$$s for


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Fuestion areas to be co,ered for each


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communication skills. Ability to write while listening and taking accurate

notes are also important skills to ha,e in the 4A team member who

will conduct the ;$$.

ufficient time must be gi,en to respondents to think and answer the

Fuestions during inter,iew.

+e,iation from the order of FuestionsD Though the Fuestions ha,e beenseFuenced in a list8 the inter,iewer can de,iate from the order as

needed during the inter,iew. $t is possible that respondents start

answering Fuestions for other themesKFuestions on the list8 without

being specifically asked to. The inter,iewer should go with the flow of

the discussion and document for the appropriate Fuestions.

o


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important to de,elop good notes after each ;$$ to document the content of

the inter,iew. -hen a twoperson team conducts the inter,iew8 there is

ad,antage in that one takes notes while the other keeps the inter,iew

flowing. ?otes should be summaried at the end of each day 9when ;$$ is

conducted: and no later than 2! hours after an inter,iew. This ensures

that the memory of the inter,iew is fresh and all rele,ant information iscomprehensi,ely compiled.

27C Interie/ /ith ooeneou. -roup.@

"urpo.e@ %roup discussion is the method of choice to bring together

homogenous groups8 based on their background and e6perience8 to

discuss focusedKspecific topics to collect detailed information. The

participants are guided by a facilitator8 who introduces the topics fordiscussion8 helps the group to participate8 and facilitates natura

discussion among participants. This is the preferred method for

discussion with


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discussions 9%+s: will be discussed with the districtle,el program and T$

9program officerT$ and +4': representati,es. Cach group discussion can

be conducted with a ma6imum of 1/ community members. $t is important

to keep homogenous members to ma6imie the comfort of participants in

acti,e engagement and disclosure during the %+. T$ or community 9key

population: representati,es will primarily nominate participants for groupdiscussions.

riteria for noinatin -: parti#ipant.@

(epresentation of


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The group discussion with the


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%uidance is pro,ided by the topicsKareas suggested in the 4A Fualitati,e

format and guidelines. $n addition8 the following details about language

must be collected during discussions with


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4articipants as e6pertsD7et the participants know that you are there tolearn from them@ this will establish a respectful appreciation for the,aluable contributions they make.amiliarity with the community and sensiti,e topicsDThe moderators mustha,e a basic awareness of sensiti,e issues so that no offence or insult iscaused to participants.

(ecogniing and appreciating participants for their time and contributionsDThe participants must be thanked for their time8 participation and the,aluable information they ha,e shared.

B7 i.tenin .$ill.@ %ood listening is the key to conducting groupdiscussions that will result in collection of useful information. )eing a goodlistener means being an =interested> listener. This is done by

demonstrating attention to what the participants are sharing8 stayingneutral orimpartial8 and practicing silence appropriately.

7isten carefully to participantsDActi,e listening allows one to probeeffecti,ely and at appropriate points during %+s8 including notice of bodyposture and facial gestures and cues to engage participants.$mportance of neutrality during the discussionDThe moderators mustremain as neutral or impartial as possible. $t helps to use phrases like=Than you! That is hel"ful.> 0ne must a,oid comments that can infer

opinion and impose 5udgment on the participants.%ather honest informationD%ather information that is as honest aspossible. $f participantssense 5udgment8 they may change their responsesto socially desirable responses rather than reflect what they truly belie,eor feel about a topic.ilence encourages elaborationDAllowing silence at times encourageselaboration by participants because it gi,es them a chance tothink about

what they want to say. The participants must be allowed adeFuate time to

share and process what has been shared.

7 *.in pro!e. an% a.$in #larifyin ue.tion.@ 4robes and clarifyingFuestions are an important part of discussions and ha,e two mainpurposesD to help clarify what a respondent has said and to help get more

#3


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detailed information on topics of interest. 4robes allow respondents topro,ide more than 5ust onesentence answers to Fuestions.

C6amples of probesDome good e6amples of probes used to clarify what an group discussionrespondent has said includeD

=#lease tell me $more% a&out that'>=(ould you e)"lain what you mean &y'>=(an you tell me something else a&out'>

ee things from their perspecti,eDIsing probes for clarification helps onegather good information while a,oiding assumptions. 4robes such asthose abo,e help one see things from the perspecti,e of the persons inthe group discussion.

A,oid making assumptionsD "larifying Fuestions and probes asking forclarification8 details8 and e6amples gi,es the respondent clues as tohow specific you would like hisKher answers to be. The opinions ofrespondents should not be assumed by the participants.%ood probing does not leadD $t is important to a,oid asking leadingFuestions that reflect ones own opinions or assumptions about a topic.A,oid asking leading FuestionsD An e6ample of a leading Fuestion is=Don*t you thin'> This type of Fuestioning may lead respondents toanswer Fuestions according to what they think you e6pect to hear ratherthan how they really feel. The respondents may also want you to look atthem in a fa,orable way8 matching your opinions rather than sharing whatthey truly belie,e or ha,e e6perienced.

:7 Tie anaeent@ This is perhaps one of the most challengingaspects of conducting inter,iews. $t is important that the participants and

the moderator agree upon the amount of time they will spend in thediscussions and that this time will be managed appropriately so that allthe topics can beco,ered.

'anage time during the discussions:$ndi,iduals like to talk about theire6periences and may ha,e a tendency to go on and on about them. Themoderator must structure the discussion in a way that one can elicit a

#!


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complete response to Fuestions8 probing insightfully so that one can getthe le,el of reFuired detail to address the issues adeFuately.;eep the inter,iews mo,ingD4olitely mo,es the discussion forward when

what the respondent is sharing isnot ,ery useful to ones research

FuestionsU Acknowledge that your time together is waning8 and thereare

some other aspects of their work and e6perience that you want to be sureyou ha,e time to learn about and e6plore and8 for this reason8 you are

going to mo,e on.

279 (ote Ta$in :urin -roup :i.#u..ion.@

0ne 4A team member is assigned the task of taking notes throughout

the %+. (esponses to topics can be noted under each topic or Fuestion inthe 4A Fualitati,e format. Additional pages may be used as needed.

?ote taking during %+ is an art@ the note taker should not attempt to write

in full sentences8 but seek to capture the key themes and essence of the

discussion. ;ey points8 words and phrases can be written for each topic

or Fuestion.

All points must be documented when there are multiple ,ariations in

responses8 and when the facilitator summaries the discussions8 theseneed to be written down as well. There is no need to associate names

with points8 but the ,iews of different types of members 9representati,es:

should be indicated. The note taker must also obser,e and note down the

body language and other cues during discussions.

2710 'ptional


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information. This would be reFuired if di,erging ,iews ha,e been

e6pressed by different stakeholders or if 4A team members find that

there is insufficient or incomplete information on some thematic areas.

:e.#ription@4A team members may meet with indi,idual stakeholders

or call for a 5oint meeting with the reFuired members 9as deemed

necessary by the 4A in,estigator:. At this time8 they would inform the

participants about the information that has been collected and discuss any

gaps or issues that need clarification.

$n the case of di,ergent ,iews on important areas 9for e6ample8 on

geographic dispersion and ,isibility of


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The Re.ult. an% the >in%in. fro thi. "R'&T #oul% not !e

%i.#lo.e% a. of the onfi%entiality for that /a. .ine% !y all the

e!er. !e#au.e thi. ay threaten the exi.ten#e of the R- ih

Ri.$ -roup.J I:*. In,e#tin :ru *.er.7

$t is estimated that more than /V of


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the


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4ro,ision of basic T$ and health ser,ices 9including abscess

management and oral substitution therapy for $+Is and alsooralKanal T$ ser,ices for ''KT%s:

7inkages to other health ser,ices 9e.g. for T): and ,oluntary

counseling and testing centers 9J"T":

4ro,ision of safe spaces 9dropincentres or +$"s:

Gue.tionnaire %urin y "ro,e#tA

") :ata olle#tion Tool@ I%entifi#ation )heet. ?oD

%roupD

- 'ethod

'' takeholder %roup +iscussion 9%+:$+I "ommunity %roup discussion 9%+":

'igrants

;ey $nformant $nter,iews 9;$$:

1.?ame of thetateXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXX

tatecode

2.?ame of the+omainXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXX

+omain"ode

a.ingle districtdomain

0r"omposite district domain

b.

#


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$f compositeD?ames of all districtsXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

3. ?ame of +istrict for this 4A 9for which format is beingfilled:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

!.Jillage or townnameXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XX

#.4lace of interaction

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX90fficeK


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YYcontact numberKs for future help only if the respondentKs isKarewilling to pro,ide maybe collected in attendance sheet

1/

(esearchersD ?ames L ignature

a:..

9b:

9c:

1

1.

Time of ending the interaction 9


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") :ata olle#tion Tool@ Thee. an% -ui%e. forI:*

)e#tion@ I:*@ "RTI& R&T&: I(>'RMTI'(

)e#tion 1D a. "an you tell us about $+Is in your district 9Tell us the story:

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

)e#tion 2D 'ale ,ersus emale

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

)e#tion 2D ubstances Ised

'D ample Euestion(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D (egular 4artners and relationship stability

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D ?etworking among $+Is

&2


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'Dample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 1@ !. "an you tell us what types of places where $+Is congregate

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

)e#tion 2DTypes of places of congregation

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D


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(D ample answer

)e#tion 2D Access to substances

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D $n5ection practice related

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D easonal patterns

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D 'arket forcesU

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 1@d. Any other information collected

'D ample Fuestion

&!


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(D ample answer


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)e#tion@ I:*@ -&'-R"I 'TI'()

)e#tion 1@a. "an you tell us about the places where we can meet $+I in the district

+ocument list of )road )locksK townsD

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

)e#tion 2D (ural areas

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D T$ co,ered blocksK towns

'Dample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D ?on T$ co,ered towns

'Dample Euestion

(D ample Answer

&&


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)e#tion 1@b.


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'Dample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 1@e. Any other information collected

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

&*


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)e#tion@ I:*@ 'T)"'T) (: (&I-B'RI(-

:I)TRIT)

)e#tion 1D a. 4lease tell us about the situations under which the places where $+I

congregate8 changeD

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

)e#tion 2D4olice related factors

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D easonal ,ariations

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2DAccess to substances

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D $n5ection practices

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 1@(&I-B'RI(- :I)TRIT))e#tion 1@b. "an you please tell us the scenario of $+I presence in the neighboring

districtsD

&


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9to be detailed for each district for composite domains:

)e#tion 2@?ame of district

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2@ "ontactD T$ or non T$. 9$f T$s are not present in bordering districts8

collect information on contacts in the ?eighbouring districts:

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2@


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(D ample answer

G1


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)e#tion@ I:*@ "&'"& EI(- I(>*&(& K

"&'"& =' '*: &"

)e#tion 1@a. "an you tell us the persons who the $+I community considers as a leader

9formal or informal:8 who can help us to get their cooperation. 9$ncludes those who are access

facilitators and hindrances8 including members of Nouth K other groups and their contact

details:

)e#tion 2D ?ame

'Dample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2D 4osition

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D -hy

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

G2


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)e#tion 2D "ontact details

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 1@b. -ho else could of help for us to be able to interact with such persons 9who

ha,e access to $+IU:

)e#tion 2D contact names

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D contact places

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D contact numbers

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

G3


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)e#tion. 1@ #. $n your opinion what is the best way of gaining access to people ha,ing

influence on $+I

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 1@d. -hat are the other factors which can help to gain cooperation of $+IU

)e#tion 2@ acilitators

'Dample Euestion

(Dample Answer

)e#tion 2D


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'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

G#


76/86

)e#tion@ I:*@ )&REI& an% )*RE&H R&T&:

)e#tion 1D a. -hat are places from where $+I can access helpKser,icesU

'D ample Euestion

(D ample Answer

)e#tion 2@ -hat ser,ices Z including general and


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(D ample Answer

)e#tion 1@b.


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)e#tion 1@d. Any other information collected

'D ample Fuestion

(D ample answer

G*


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-ui%eline.@ I:* ") Gualitatie >orat

Instructions: The following is a guideline for collectingqualitative information about Injecting Drug sers !ID" in

the domain of interest# It provides probing questions that

can be used to collect broad level understanding about the

$RG group and relevant conte%tual issues in the district#

The format has a series of themes related to $RG& TI&

surve' feasibilit' etc# for which qualitative information is to

be collected# (ithin each theme suggested questions orprobes are provided for collecting information on the

theme# Investigators are to add) use additional prompts

and probes as needed& based on the responses to get

complete information about each theme# The order of

as*ing questions can be changed& based on the how the

interview is progressing and discretion of the investigator

I+ certain questions or themes provided below are not

applicable for an' domain& the' can be indicated as not

applicable with e%planation in the format#

Intro%u#tion@'y name is XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX and $ am working on a

pro5ect with XXXXXXX 9(CCA("< A%C?"N:8 XXXXXXXXXX 9($:

and the ?ational A$+ "ontrol 0rganiation 9?A"0: of $ndia.

-e are presently collecting necessary information to help us

prepare for conducting a sur,ey called the $ntegrated )eha,ioral

and )iological ur,eillance 9$)):8 which is part of the national


80/86

sur,eillance program8 to understand the risk of


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4artners of $+I A +o many $+I change their regular

partners freFuentlyU and for what reasonsU

+o the regular partners 9spouses or lo,ers: of $+Is also

use drugs either in5ecting or nonin5ecting8 as percei,ed bythe ;$$ and %+ respondents(et/or$in aon I:*.

-hat is the perception of the e6tent to which $+I in the

district are networked or formed into social groups in thedistrictU

-ho are the formal or informal leaders of $+I networks or

social groups in the districtU

!7 "la#e. of #onreation

-hat are the predominant places of congregation for

in5ecting drugs among $+IsU

$ they are hidden8 what is the perception regarding the

proportion of $+Is who are hiddenU And how can they befound K accessedU

c. Mo!ility

Are there seasonal ,ariations in the number of $+I in the

districtU $f so8 during which months K season are there highand low attendanceU

-hat are the main reasons for the ,ariationU

7aw enforcement in the district Ask about issues related

to law enforcement in the district that affect the ,isibility and

acti,ities of the $+IUo -hat type of problems do $+I face with law

enforcement officialsUo


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+o many men come from outside the district here for

seeking se6 with $+I in the districtU

$s there significant interdistrict or interstate mo,ement of

$+I that may affect their presence in hotspotsU 7ist most common places 9names:8 within state or outside

state where $+I in the district tra,el to most

)e#tion II@ -eoraphi# o#ation.a7 -eoraphi# %i.per.ion in the %i.tri#t

$s it understood well how dispersed are the $+Is in the

districtU Ask about the ma5or townsKcities and small towns where

$+Is can be found in8 in the domainK district as per themappingU 9"ollect list of town names by blocks:.o "ollect the information on hotspots and the number of

$+I by hotspots a,ailable by towns in urban and ruralareasU 9"an be collected from A" and T$:

Are there new locations in the district where $+I ha,e been

identifiedU And how can they be found and accessedU -howill ha,e information about these populationsU

)e#tion III@ ot.pot. an% Bor%erin :i.tri#t.a7 ot.pot.

+o the places where $+I congregate 9hotspots: K in5ect

keep changingU And if so what the main reasons for thischangeU

*2


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Are there seasonal ,ariations in the number of $+I ,isiting

these locationsU $f so8 during which months K season arethere high and low attendanceU

!7 Inforation on neih!ourin %i.tri#t.

7ist the name of the borderingKneighbouring districts8 the

e6tent of presence of $+IU

or domains with multiple districts8 collect information

about all districts in the domain8 and other districts whichthe respondents are aware of8 that ha,e geographicpro6imity and may be considered as part of the domain.

7ist out all the neighboring districts and collect details. or each of the districts listed abo,e ask the followingD

Are the cultural characteristics and practices among

$+I in these neighboring districts similar to this district9typologies8 forms of solicitation8 clients8 nature ofpartners8 etc:

)e#tion IE@ Tho.e /ho hae influen#e

a7 ounity .ta$ehol%er. -ho are the key community members 9such as community

leaders: whose cooperation needs to be solicited for anysur,ey acti,ities to be conducted successfully among the$+I groupsU

-ho are the key gatekeepers of the $+I community in the

domainK districtU


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officials8 go,ernment officials or others who should bein,ol,ed K part of "A):

)e#tion E@ )eri#e Relate% an% othera7 )eri#e.

-hat are the key ser,ices a,ailable to the $+I in the district

Z as about general and


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Thank you for your participants and responses as part of this pre

sur,eillance assessment. $n the coming months8 we will be

using this information you pro,ided in order to plan for the $))

study. -e will keep you informed of the progress through theA" and T$ ?%0s in this location 9district:. -e hope to ha,e

your cooperation in the future as well8 and you will be informed

about this ahead of time.

Than$ you

*#


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BIBI'-R"H

===7IMRBI(T7'M
http://www.imrbint.com/http://www.imrbint.com/

Documents

Internship Report on Injecting Drug Users of Punjab