Intro to Chemistry

What is Chemistry?

Chemistry is the study of the ___________ and __________ of ______ and the ________ it undergoes.

composition propertiesmatter changes

What’s Matter?Matter is anything that has _____ and takes up ______

massspace

Mass is the amount of ______ that a substance possesses.

matter

Weight is the effect of _______ on that mass.

gravity

Mass vs. WeightSay you weigh ____ pounds on Earth and you travel to the moon.

150

You will only weigh ___ pounds, because the moon has ____ the ________.

251/6

Your _______ changes, but you still have the same _____ and take up the same amount of ______.

weightmass

space

gravity

Types of MatterMatter is made of either ______________ or ________.pure substances mixtures

A pure substance is made of only ____ type of particle.

one

A mixture is made of _____ or _____ types of particles.

two more

Pure SubstancesA pure substance can be ___________ into smaller and smaller particles – but every piece still has the same _________ as the whole.

subdivided

properties

A pure substance that is made of only one type of ______ is called an _______.

atomelement

Atoms & ElementsAtoms are considered the ________ blocks of all ______, and cannot be _________ or __________.

buildingmatter

created destroyed

There are approximately ____ different types of atoms, each with its own unique ___________.

109

composition

If two or more atoms are ________ together, this substance is called a _________.

joined

compound

Compounds

moleculecompound

Compounds are made by forming chemical ______ between ______.bonds atoms

The smallest naturally-occurring unit of a __________ is called a ________.

If substances are combined but they do ____ form chemical ______, the substance is called a _________.not bonds

mixture

MixturesA mixture that has the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture.composition

homogeneous

Examples of homogeneous mixtures:

salt waterair

vanilla pudding

mayonnaise

MixturesA mixture that does not have the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture.composition

heterogeneous

Examples of heterogeneous mixtures:

soil Rocky Road ice cream

fruit saladmixed nuts

Which is it?

ElementCompoundMixture

Flowchart of Matter

Matter

PureSubstance Mixture

Element CompoundHetero-geneous

Homo-geneous

Properties of Matter___________ properties are those characteristics that can be _________ using our senses without changing the _______ of the substance.

Physicalobserved

Common physical properties include:color

odordensityphysical state

melting point

boiling point

identity

Properties of Matter________ properties describe a substance’s ability to undergo _________ in ________.

Chemical

changes identity

Examples:_____ reacts with ____ and _____ to form ____Iron air water

rust______, ____ and _____ become _____ in the presence of _____.Flour egg sugarcake heat

Changes in MatterThe changes that matter undergoes can be classified as either ________ or _________ changes.

physicalchemical

Physical changes alter the _________ properties of the substance, but not its basic ___________.

physical

composition

*A physical change: changes what you ______ like, but not ____ you ____.look who are

Changes in MatterA chemical change alters the __________ and _________ of a substance.composition structure

Chemical changes are always accompanied by changes in _______.energy

*A chemical change: changes ____________ about you!everything

The __________ of a chemical change have _________ properties!

productsdifferent

Chemical Changes

• Signs of a Chemical Change change in color or odor

formation of a gas formation of a precipitate (solid) change in light or heat

Physical vs. Chemical

• Examples:

–rusting iron

–dissolving in water

–burning a log

–melting ice

–grinding spices

chemical

physical

chemical

physical

physical

                                                                      

Physical vs. Chemical

Physical

Chemical

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

• Qualitative analysis deals with the _________ of a substance:qualities

colorodor

State of matter

** These can be _________ without regard for the ________ of the substance.

observedamount

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

• Quantitative analysis deals with __________ the substance.measuring

THINK!!! Quantitative = QUANTITY

temperaturemass

volume